2019高考英语译林牛津二轮专项强化练习题018

2019考英语林牛津二专项强化练题018认真阅读以下短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。Thetermgraffiti

meanswordsordrawingsscratchedorpaintedonawall.Peoplehavebeenwritinggraffitionwallsforthousandsofyears,buttodaysomepeoplebelievethatcertaintypesofgraffitihaveevolvedintoatrueartform.ManyoftheoldestexistingexamplesofgraffitiarefromtheancientcityofPompeiionthewesterncoastofItaly.Intheyear79,PompeiiwasdestroyedbytheeruptionofMtVesuvius.Ashfromthevolcanoburiedthecity,preservingmuchofitforustoseetoday.CarvedonthewallsofPompeiiaremanyexamplesofgraffiti.Someofthegraffitiarecomplaintsaboutstoreownerswhowerecheatingpeople,whileothersarepoliticalstatementsorroughdrawingofpeople.Althoughthemessagesdiffer,thegraffitihaveoneimportantthingincommon:theywereallwrittenwithoutthepermissionoftheownerofthewall.Forhistorians,however,thesegraffitiaresomeofthefewavailablesourcesofinformationaboutthelivesofthecommonpeopleofPompeiiandtheireverydayconcerns.Inthe1960sanewtypeofgraffiti,ganggraffiti,startedappearingoncitywallsintheUnitedStates.Ganggraffiticonsistedsimplyofthegang’snameor“tag;itspurposewastowarnothergangstostayaway.Bytheendofthe1970s,thepracticeof“tagging”wasnolongermainlyagang〔一伙〕activity.Peoplewhohadnoconnectiontoagangwerewritingnamesonflatsurfacesallaroundthecity.Theirgoalwastobecomefamousbygettingtheirnamesonasmanysurfacesaspossible.Fromtagging,graffitidevelopedintosomethingcalledgraffitiart.Graffitiartistscombinedtheiruniqueletterstyleswithpicturestocreatelargepaintingsthatcoveredanentirewallortheentiresideofasubway.Thepurposeofgraffitiart,unlikethatofganggraffiti,isself-expressionandcreativity.Accordingtoonegraffitiartist,“Creatinggraffitiisanart,andjustlikeanyotherart,itrequirestonsofpracticeandwork.”Today,mostofgraffitiartismadewithspraypaint,althoughsomeartistsalsousebrushesandmarkers.Forgraffitiartists,justaboutanythingcanserveasasurfacefortheirartwork,evenrocks,roadsandbillboards.Ofcoursenoteveryonelikesorapprovesofthegraffitioncitywalls.Infact,mostpeoplethinkofcreatinggraffitiasthedestructionofpropertyforfunratherthanart.Forthemajorityofpeople,doinggraffitiwithoutsomeone’spermissionisnotfreedomofexpression.Andthepresenceofgraffitiintheirneighborhoodsmakemanypeoplefeellesssafe.Inthe1980s,manycitiesstartedtakingactionagainstgraffiti.ThecityofNewYork,forexample,startedacampaigntogetridofgraffitionsubwaycars.Bypaintingoverthegraffitisoonaftertheyweremade,thecitywasabletodiscouragegraffitiartistsfromdecoratingthesubwaycars.Then,in1987,anewtypeofpaint-resistantsubwaycarbecameavailable,makingitimpossibleforgraffitiartiststopaintonthecars.Othercitieshaveusedprotectivecoatingsandspecialbuildingmaterialstopreventpeoplefromwritinggraffiti.Althoughthesesolutionshavebeeneffective,theyareveryexpensive.

Doesthismeantheendofgraffiti?Notquite.InJapan,EnglandandtheUnitedStates,graffitiartistsareallowedtodotheirworkonspeciallychosenwallsinacity.Graffitiartisshowninmuseums,andinAustralia,well-knowncompaniessponsorgraffiticompetitions.Therearealsohundredsofwebsitesdealingwithgraffitiart,aswellasmanybooksandinstructionalvideos.Title:Graffiti____71_____ofgraffitiGraffitiartAncientgraffiti

Wordsordrawingwrittenonwalls,havingbeenaroundforthousandsofyears.Madewithspraypaint.Artistscombinedtheiruniqueletterstyleswithpictures,___72__anentiresubwaycarorwallofabuilding.Theyareaboutartistic__73andcreativity.Theyprovideuswithinformationaboutthecommonpeoplelongago.Moderngraffiti

Ganggraf

Consistingsimplyofthegang

’fitiTagging

snameforthe__74___ofwarningothergangstostayaway.Consistingofthenamesofpeoplewhowerenotconnectedwithagang;itsgoalwastogainwidespread___75.AttitudestowardsgraffitiGetting__78__ofgraffitiinmanycitiesGraffititoday

Noteveryonelikesorapproveofit.Mostpeopleconsidercreatinggraffitiasthe__76ofpropertyforfunratherthanartandthatseeinggraffitiintheirneighborhoodsmakesthemfeelthatthe__77isjustaroundthecorner.●Paintingovergraffitisoonaftertheyweremade.●Usinganewtypeofpaint-resistantsubwaycar.●79protectivecoatingandspecialbuildingmaterials.InsomecountriessuchasJapan,EnglandandtheUnitedStates,withthe___80__ofthegovernment,graffitiartistscandotheirworkonspeciallychosenwallsinacity.Graffitiartcanbefoundinmuseums,ontheInternet,inbooksandininstructionalvideos.第二节书面表达(总分值25分假如你将代表学校参加一“校安全座谈会根以下信息用英语写一篇发言稿，简要介绍你校和你个人在保持校园安全的做法，并对创建平安安全提出一些建议。你的认识你校的做法你的做法你的建议

……有保安、定期检查设备安,…学习安全知识、上下楼梯……〔根据自己的经历或感受，提出两至三点建议〕参考词汇：保安securityguard定期检查giveperiodicchecks注意：、须包括所有要点，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。2、词数150左右，开头结尾已给出，不计入总数。3、文中不得提及你所在学校与人姓名。Dearteachers,onbehalfofmyschool,Ifeelhonoredtosharetheexperienceofkeepingusstudentssafeinschool.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyouforlistening.任务型阅读71.Definition/Meaning72.covering73.expression/self-expression

74.purpose75.fame/reputation76.destruction77.danger/trouble78.rid79.Using80.permission书面表达OnepossibleversionDearteachers,onbehalfofmyschool,Ifeelhonoredtosharetheexperienceofkeepingusstudentssafeinschool.Itissaidthatalotofcampusincidentsarisefromcarelessnessandlackofsafetyknowledge.It’shightimeweknewtheimportanceofkeepingussafeinschool.Ourschoolhasbeenpayingattentiontocampussafety.Manysecurityguardsarehiredandperiodicchecksaregiventoensurealltheequipmentisingoodcondition.Besides,ourschoolprovidesuswithlotsofactivitiestohelpuslearnsafetyknowledge.Asforme,Ialwaystakeanactivepartinlearninghowtopreventandescapefromafireoremergencyaswellastherightwaytouseelectricityandavoidinjury.WhenIgoupstairsordow