2023学年江西省南昌市东湖区第二中学高三压轴卷英语试卷（含解析）

2023学年高考英语模拟测试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．AlthoughMailerwasnotaloneinwelcomingthefloweringofcreativity,theauthoritieshatedit,______didmanypassengers.A．which B．as C．that D．so2．—UncleWangisinhospital.—Oh,really?I____________.I_____________goandvisither.A．didn’tknow;amgoingtoB．hadn’tknown;wouldC．haven’tknown;willD．didn’tknow;will3．Allchildrenshouldgetaccesstoahigh-qualityeducation________theirrace,zipcodeorfamilyincome.A．dependingon B．regardlessofC．dueto D．apartfrom4．ThankstoChinesepeople’shardworkandwisdom,Chinahas_____intothesecondlargesteconomy.A．evolved B．slipped C．extended D．shaped5．Giventhehugegap_______economicdevelopmentandculturalconsciousness,youngpeoplefindbigcitiesaresaferthansmalltowns.A．inviewofB．incaseofC．inconsequenceofD．inrespectof6．Havingbattledwiththeir_______overwhethertoofferhelptoanagedmanorwomanwhohasfallenover,mostpeoplechoosetohelp.A．compromise B．contradictionC．conscience D．competence7．Variousefforts________inthepastdecadestoprotecttheenvironment.A．hadmadeB．havemadeC．weremadeD．havebeenmade8．Facedwitheconomicslowdown,somecompaniesareplanningtouserobotsto______humanworkerstoreducetheirlaborcosts.A．compensate B．substituteC．symbolize D．discriminate9．---It’sraininghardandwecan’tgopicnickingtoday.---Ifonlytheweather_____fine!A．is B．were C．hadbeen D．wouldbe10．Lastsummerwesawaverygoodfilm,____wasabouttheAnti-Japanesewar.A．whichB．whenC．thatD．where11．Mytoothacheme.Ithoughtitwasgoingaway,butitisgettingworsenow.A．killsB．iskillingC．haskilledD．killed12．—Iamwornout.—Metoo,allworkandnoplay.Soit’stimeto________.A．burnthemidnightoilB．pushthelimitsC．gowiththeflowD．callitaday13．Ifyougotobuythetopbest-sellingCD,pleaseget______forme.A．one B．itC．this D．that14．_____atthedifferencesbetweenhercultureandtheirs,Anniewantedtoreturnhome.A．ConfusingB．ConfusedC．HavingconfusedD．Toconfuse15．Youcanneverbe________whencrossingthestreet.A．verycareful B．toocareful C．carefullyenough D．enoughcareful16．Heissuchanunselfishman.Youcannothelpbut________him.A．respectB．torespectC．neglectD．toneglect17．________hasgreaterpotentialthanflammableicebeingminedfromunderneaththeSouthChinaSeawhenitcomestoaglobalenergyrevolution.A．nothing B．neitherC．noone D．none18．—Couldyougivemeareminderat9tomorrowmorning?—I'msorry,butIameetingthen.A．attendB．willattendC．willbeattendingD．amattending19．Thestudentshavedecidedonafinaldatebywhicheveryone________readingthebooksassignedbytheirprofessor.A．finishes B．finishedC．havefinished D．willhavefinished20．asingleworldcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph.A．Justas B．EventhoughC．Until D．Unless第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）AGoodNight’sSleepSleepplaysavitalroleingoodhealthandwell-beingthroughoutyourlife．Whileyou’resleeping,yourbrainisformingnewpathwaystohelpyoulearnandrememberinformation.Althoughweallknowtheimportanceofgettingagoodnight'ssleep,notallofusknowthebestwayofgettingit.Asleepexpert,PhilAtherton,gavesometoptipsforgettingthemostoutofthenight,whichwillleaveyoureadyforactioninthemorning.AccordingtoPhilAtherton,noteatingalargemealbeforebedtimeisimportantforgettingagoodnight’ssleep.Thetimedifferencebetweeneatingandsleepingshouldbeatleastthreehours.Soyou'dbetteravoideatinganyfoodthreehoursbeforebed,asitwillloweryourbloodsugarduringsleepandhelpminimizedamagefromtoomuchsugarfloatingaround.It’salsoimportanttofindwaystoprepareyourbodyforsleep.Youcanfollowaroutineliketryingnottoexposeyourselftotoomuchartificiallightwithin1hourbeforebed,asyourbrainuseslighttohelpsetinternal“bodyclock”.Althoughitmightseemunnaturaltoscheduleyoursleep,thepurposeistosendasignaltoyourbodyandmindthatit'stimetosleep.Anotherwaytoprepareyourbodyforsleepistogetintoarelaxedstatebytakingabathorlisteningtosoftmusic.Bothofthemwillhelptotakethemindoffthedaytimepressures.Havingasuitablebed,especiallyasuitablemattress(床垫),isnecessaryforagoodnight'ssleep.Sleepisapersonalizedactivity,andwealladoptdifferentsleepingpositions.Findingthemattressthatsuitsyouwillreducebackpainsthatcanresultfromapoorsleepingposition.Thebedshouldbefourtosixincheslongerthanitstallestuser,allowingforspacetomovearound.Therecentresearchisprettyclearthatagoodnight’ssleepinamajorcomponentofgoodhealth.Sincethestartofthe21stcentury,studieshavelinkedalackofsleeptomanydiseases,suchasdiabetesandobesity.Takingactionnowwillleadtolong-termbenefitsforyouandthosearoundyou.1、Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthepassage?A．Whentostartasoundsleep.B．Howtogetagoodnight'ssleep.C．Whattodowithsleepproblems.D．Whytoformagoodhabitofsleeping.2、Accordingtotheauthor,beforegoingtosleep,you’dbetter________.A．freeyourselffromtensionB．checkyourbloodsugarC．relieveyourpaininthebackD．recordyourbiologicalclock3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A．Noteatingfood.B．Takingameal.C．Notsleepingwell.D．Havingagoodsleep.4、Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)C:ConclusionA．B．C．D．22．（8分）Fivethousandsquaremetersofolddamagedcars，motorcyclesandboatsfillthisjunkyard.Foracasualonlooker，thismightbeaverysadsight.ButforAndy.it'sarealtreasure.“I’vebeenajunkhoarder(囤积者)formywholelifeandIlikefixingupwhatshouldn’tbethrownaway.Around200oldcarsendupinthisjunkyardeveryweek.Someofthemaresoldforparts，othersgetrepaired，andstillothersarebeyondrepair.”HisfatherBobbystartedthebusinesssome50yearsagoandstillspendseverymorningthere.Thefatherandsonhaveverydifferentapproachestotheirwork.TheygotaDeancabthatwasgettingthrownawayandthatwasthefather’sproject，whichAndydidnotwanthimtodo.“HedidbasicallytheoppositeofeverythingItoldhimandIthinkhediditjusttomakememad.Hedumpedatonofmoneyintothiscar，butintheenditwouldn’trun.”Andysaidjokingly.TheunusualfamilybusinessattractedtheattentionofaTVcrew.That’showtheshowJankaEmpirecametobefeaturedonanetworkoftheDiscoveryChannel.Thisshow，fiveyearsofshooting，fiveseasonsand60episodes(集)，ispopular.“TherearehundredsofjunkyardsthroughouttheUnitedStates.Ithinkwhat’sinterestingisthatitisafamilybusiness.MyfatherandIstartedthebusinessandwejokeverywellbackandforthandIthinkthat'swhatpeoplelike.Thecarsthatendupatthejunkyardcomeoutwithendlesssurprises.See，thiswasajunkcarandwerestoreditwithablownmotor.YetIdon’tgetachancetoridearoundittoooften.Becausedespiteitsshiningappearance，thenoiseoftheengineistrulydeafeningandIworrymyneighborswillnotputupwithit.”1、WhatdoesAndyseemtolikeabouthisjunkyard?A．Heisproudofitslargescale.B．Heisaddictedtocollectingthings.C．Heenjoyscreatingvalueoutofthewaste.D．Hehasthepassiontotakeoverthebusinessoneday.2、Whatcanweinferfromthe“oneDeancab”case?A．Thefatherisreadytofollowhisson’sadvice.B．Thefathergoesagainsthissondeliberately.C．Thesonisimpatientandfedupwithhisfather.D．Thefatherandsonoftendisagreewitheachother.3、WhyistheshowJankaEmpirepopular?A．TherearefewjunkyardsintheUnitedStates.B．Thefatherandsonworktogetherinafunway.C．Theshowisaseriesof5seasonsand60episodes.D．Thefamilybusinessshowsmuchconcernfortheirneighbors.4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertointhelastparagraph?A．JankaEmpire. B．Thefamilybusiness.C．Theshiningappearance. D．Thenoiseoftheengine.23．（8分）AthrillingpolarcompetitionbetweentwoadventurerstocrossAntarcticaalone,unsupportedandunassistedhadahappyendingwithbothexplorersachievingtheunprecedentedfeat(功绩).AmericanprofessionalathleteColinO’BradyandBritishArmyCaptainLouisRuddsetoffamileapartatthesametimeonNovember3,2018,fromtheAtlanticcoastwiththeaimtobecomethefirstpersontoskiacrosstheremotecontinentalone.LouisRuddmaintainedtheleadatfirst.However,O’BradycaughtupwithRuddonNovember10andneverlettheBritishmangetclosetohimagain.O’Bradywasthefirsttoconquerthe930mileicyland,arrivingattheRossIceShelfonthePacificcoastbywayoftheSouthPoleonDecember26,2018.The33-year-oldspent54daysskiingtheworld’scoldestcontinentwhilepullinga300-poundsled(雪橇)withsupplies.Insteadofleavingtheharshenvironmentaftercompletingthehistoricadventure,theexplorersetupatentontheworld’slargesticesheetandwaitedpatientlyforRuddtocompletethegreatundertaking.OnDecember29,justthreedaysafterO’Bradyarrived,theBritishexplorerfinishedhisadventure,becomingtheworld’ssecondpersontocompletethesolocrossingofthefrozencontinent.Ruddwasnotdisappointedatbeingsecondsinceheneverconsideredittobea“race”.Besides,the49-year-oldBritishArmyCaptainhadamoreselflessmotiveforattemptingthefeat.HewasdoingitinmemoryofhisfriendHenryWorsley,whohadintroducedhimtopolarexploration.ThedisasterhappenedwhileWorsleywastryingtocrossthecontinentalonein2016.Ruddsaid,"Ididn’twanttogetdrawnintoarace.AllthatmatteredtomewasthatIcompletedit,andthatIskiedsoloandunsupported,carryingtheflagwithHenry’snameonit.”Afterspendingafewdayscamping10feetawayfromeachother,thetwoadventurerswerepickedupbyahelicoptertotheSouthPolescientificresearchstation.1、WhatdoColinO’BradyandLouisRuddhaveincommon?A．TheybecamethefirstexplorerstocrossAntarcticaalone,unaided.B．TheybecamethefirstadventurerstoskiacrossAntarctica.C．ThisisthefirsttimethattheyhavearrivedattheSouthpole.D．TheycrossedAntarcticainhonoroftheirfriendHenryWorsley.2、Whatdoyouknowaboutthefirstleg(第一段賽程)oftherace？A．O’BradyskiedalongwithLouisRuddsidebyside.B．O’Brady'ssledwithfoodsuppliesbrokedown.C．LouisRuddlostthetagwithHenry’snameonit.D．O’BradyfellbehindLouisRuddforthefirstweek.3、WhatcanweinferaboutHenryWorsley?A．HeusedtoencourageO’BradytoexploretheAntarctic.B．Helosthislifeinaterribletrafficaccidentin2016.C．HediedwhilehewasattemptingtocrosstheAntarcticalone.D．HehelpedLouisRuddcompletethehistoricadventure.4、HowdidthetwoadventurersreturntotheSouthPolescientificresearchstation?A．Onfoot. B．Byair. C．Byland. D．Bywater.24．（8分）IdecidedtoskitotheNorthPole.ItwasafterIsawanadvertisementinanewspaperlookingforpeopletojoinateamtoski350milestotheNorthPole.Backin1996,therehadneverbeenawomanfromtheU.K.whohadaccomplishedthischallenge.Iwonderedwhatitwouldbeliketosurviveintemperaturescoldenoughtofreezeyourfleshinseconds,soIsentofffortheapplicationform.Theapplicationformfullofpicturesofmaleexplorersarrived.Thewords“Areyoumanenoughfortheultimate(极端的)challenge?”mademeangryandevenmoredeterminedtogetontheteam.Over500individualsappliedforaplaceintheteam,andtheselectionprocessincludedphysicalandpsychologicaltestsdesignedtopickthebestgroup.Inonetest,therewasahugeropeladderwehadtoclimb,andIfrozeatthetopbecauseIhaveafearofheights.Ithoughtmyhopeswerefadingasmostotherapplicantssailedpast,leavingmebehind.Buttwoothershelpedmeover,andlaterIfoundoutthattheorganizerswerenotlookingforamazingindividuals,butgreatteamplayers,andthismomenthadshownthemwhowouldtakecareofothersintheteam.Ihadrevealed(展示)myweakness,andinaplaceliketheArctic,youhavetobeyourself,asthereisnowheretohide.Thesepersonalitiesofaskingforhelpandshowingweaknessarenecessaryforwomentomaster.Irealizedthatbybeingmyself,Icouldsucceed.Iwasselectedfortheteam.IrealizedthatIcouldachievemorethanIeverimagined---moreimportantly,bysharingmystorywithothers,Icouldinspirethemtotakeastepintothenewworldandrevealmoreoftheirabilities.1、Howdidtheauthorreactonseeingtheadvertisement?A．Shegotcross. B．Shewasdetermined.C．Shegotfrightened. D．Shewashesitating.2、Whatdidtheorganizersviewasthemostimportantintheselection?A．Personalquality. B．Individualability.C．Spiritofteamwork. D．Couragetochallenge.3、Whatdoestheauthorthinkofwomen’sshowingweakness?A．Beneficial. B．Shameful.C．Merciful. D．Disturbing.4、What’stheintentionoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?A．Toinspireustoprepareforourfuturegoal.B．Toadvisewomenhowtoturntoothers.C．Tomakesuggestionstoherteammembers.D．Toencouragepeopletoexploretheunknown.25．（10分）Assoonasapersondies,decomposition(分解)begins.Andthefirstvisitorsarrive.“Within5to15minutesofdeath,fliesorotherinsectsbegintocolonizethebody.”saysRabiMusah,anorganicchemistattheUniversityatAlbany.Shesaysdifferentspeciesturnupatdifferentstagesofdecomposition.“Sobecauseofthat,dependinguponwhatentomological(昆虫学的)evidenceyoufind,youcanlearnsomethingaboutwhenthepersondiedintermsofthetimingofthedeath.”Fliesdon'ttendtostickaroundwhendisturbedbydetectives.Buttheydoleavebehindeggs.Theeggsarehardtotellapartbyappearancealone,sospecialistsraisethemuntiltheyhatch,afewweekslater—andtheygetaspeciesIDand,withalittleguesswork,aperson'stimeofdeath.ButMusahhascomeupwithamoretime-savingapproach:chemicalanalysisoftheeggs.Sheandherteaminvestigatedthatmethodbyfirstharvestingflieswithpig-livertrapshiddenthroughoutNewYorkCity.Theycollectedthetrappedfliesandthenchemicallyanalyzedtheireggs.Anditturnsouteachspeciesofflyegghasauniquechemicalfingerprint—enoughtotelltheeggsapartwithoutraisingtheeggstomaturity.ThestudyisinthejournalAnalyticalChemistry.MusahandhercolleagueJenniferRosatiarenowtestingthemethodonarealcase.“Andoncewedothatwewillbepublishingsomecasestudiestoillustrate(阐明)thatthisisamethodthatcanbeused,andhopefullyeventuallyit'ssomethingthatwillstandupincourt,andsomethingthatcouldspeedupdetectivework—orhelpdealwithacoldcase.”1、Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“colonize”inparagraph1?A．lookfor B．fightoverC．carryaway D．gatheron2、Howcanaspecialistknowaperson’stimeofdeath?A．Byresearchingthehabitualnatureofflies.B．Byrelyingontheentomologicalevidence.C．Bydistinguishingtheappearanceofflies.D．Bydiscoveringanewdetectivemethod.3、WhatcanweinferaboutMusah’sapproachfromthelastparagraph?A．Scientistshavepublishedstudiesaboutit.B．Itisboundtomakeeverycoldcasesolved.C．Itmayhelpacceleratethedetectionofcases.D．ItwillbepublishedinAnalyticalChemistry.4、Wheremostprobablycanyouseethisarticle?A．Inasciencefiction. B．Inanewspaper.C．Inamedicalpaper. D．Inanovel.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Mydaughterhasbeenhavingsomeuniquehouseguestsatherplacethissummer.Forthesecondtimenowafamilyofrobins(知更鸟)havebuilta1onthecrossbeamsofherporch(门廊)justunderneaththeroof.Itiswonderfultowatchhowthey2grass,branchesandmudintoasolidhometohatchtheireggsand3theirbabies.Itis4toobservethedevotionwithwhichthey5huntforfoodtofeedtheirbabies.Itisfunnytootoseehowthe6robinwillflytothenearbytreewhenI7theporchandchirp(吱吱叫)somenotsokindthings8meuntilIleaveagain.Itisseeingthebabybirds9,however,thatisthebestthingofall.Inlessthantwomonthstheygofromgrowinginlittle10toflyingoutoftheirnesttosoar(翱翔)intheskiesalongwiththeir11.Mydaughter’shouseguestshave12meafewthingstoo.Ihavelearnedfromthemabout13work.Ihavelearnedaboutdevotionand14.Ihavelearnedabout15andlife.Mostofall,though.Ihavelearnedthatwhileitis16andwarminthenest,itisbetterto17.ThepoetRumioncewrote:“Youwerebornwith18,whyprefertocrawl(爬行)throughlife?”Iforonedon’twanttocrawl,Iwanttofly!Iwantto19thenest,spreadmywingsofloveandletmysoulsoar.Iwanttolivewithmy20intheskyevenwhilemyfeetarehereonEarth.1、A．tunnelB．basementC．ceilingD．nest2、A．shapeB．makeC．insertD．arrange3、A．adoptB．defendC．raiseD．comfort4、A．amazingB．boringC．challengingD．shocking5、A．directlyB．personallyC．quietlyD．continuously6、A．babyB．motherC．fierceD．frightened7、A．abandonB．decorateC．approachD．occupy8、A．atB．toC．aboutD．for9、A．playB．swallowC．behaveD．grow10、A．boxesB．treesC．eggsD．cages11、A．friendsB．parentsC．ownersD．partners12、A．broughtB．sparedC．taughtD．prepared13、A．hardB．dirtyC．creativeD．dangerous14、A．honestyB．sacrificeC．cooperationD．courage15、A．foodB．deathC．environmentD．growth16、A．safeB．attractiveC．neatD．bright17、A．restB．singC．flyD．flee18、A．legsB．wingsC．handsD．arms19、A．acquireB．rebuildC．evaluateD．leave20、A．heartB．sightC．birdsD．dreams第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）WangWeiandWangKunarebrothersandsisters．Theyhavedreamedof1．(take)agreatbiketrip．ItwasWangWei2．firsthadtheideatocyclealongtheMekongRiverandfinallythey3．(ride)bicyclestotravelalongtheriver,4．sourceisinQinghaiProvince．WhenitentersSoutheastAsia,ittravelsslowlythroughhillsandlowvalleysandtheplains5．ricegrows．Despitethe6．(difficult),WangKunandWangWeiwere7．(determination)tobegintheirjourneyat8．altitudeofmorethan5,000metresinQinghaiProvince．Duringtheirjourney,theyenjoyedthe9．(continue)changeoftheweather．AtlasttheyreachedDaliinYunnan,whereDaoWeiandYuHangjoinedthem．Thefourofthemwenton10．theirgreatbiketrip．第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearDavid,Howtimefly!It’saweeksinceyouleftourschool.Thankyousomuchforyourhelp.HowIwishyoucanstayherealittlelonger!WhileI’mwritingletter,preciousmemoriescrowdinonme.Istillrememberthedaywhenyoufirstcameintoourclassroomsmiledandshowedusyourwonderfuldance,which,aswellasyournativeaccent,madeusallexciting.ThatleftmethedeepestimpressionwasthewayyouhelpedmememorizeEnglishwor