高级英语2第三版课后习题paraphrase原文及答案

Lesson11．Anditisanactivityonlyofhumans.Anditisahumanunique2．Conversationisnotformakingapoint.Conversationisnottoconvinceothers．3．Infact,thebestconversationalistsarethosewhoarepreparedtobelose.Infact,thebestconversationalistsarethosewhoarewillingtobefriendsarenotdeeplyinvolvedineachother’slives.Barfriendsarenotdeeplyconcernedwitheachother’sprivatelives.5....itcouldstillgoignorantlyon...Theconversationcouldgoonwithoutanybodyknowingwhowasrightorwrong．Therearecattleinthefield,butwesitdowntobeef.TheseanimalsarecalledcattleinEnglish,whentheyarealiveandfeedinginthefields；butwhenwesitdownatthetabletoeat,wecalltheirmeatbeefinFrench．ThenewrulingclasshadbuiltaculturalbarrieragainsthimbybuildingtheirFrenchagainsthisownlanguage.ThenewrulingclasshadcausedtheculturalcontradictionsbetweentherulingclassandnativeEnglishbyregardingFrenchsuperiortoEnglish.hadcomeroyallyintoitsown.EnglishhadgainedrecognitionbytheKing．9．Thephrasehasalwaysbeenusedalittlepejorativelyandevenfacetiouslybythelowerclasses.Thephrase,theEnglishhasalwaysbeenuseddisrespectfullymadefunbythelowerclasses.Therebellionagainstaculturaldominanceisstillthere.Thereisstilloppositiontoculturalmonopoly.Thereisalwaysagreatdangerthat“wordswillhardenintothingsforus”Wetendtomakethemistakethatweregardthethingsastheyrepresent.Evenwiththemosteducatedandthemostliterate,theKing’sEnglishslipsandslidesinconversation.EventhemosteducatedandliteratedpeoplewillnotalwaysusetheformalEnglishintheirconversation．Lesson2Theburying--groundismerelyahugewasteofhummockyearth,likeaderelictbuilding-lot.Theburying-groundisjustahugepieceofwastelandfullofmoundsoflookinglikeadesertedconstructionland.Allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthatfact.Allcolonialempiresarebuiltbyexploitingthelocalpeople.Theyriseoutoftheearth,theysweatandstarveforafewyears,andthentheysinkbackintothenamelessmoundsofthegraveyard.Theyareborn.Thentheyworkhardwithoutenoughfoodforafewyears.Finallytheydieandareburiedinthehillsgraveswithoutanymarktoidentifythem.Acarpentersitscrossleggedataprehistoriclathe,turningchair-legsatlightingspeed.Acarpentersitscrossinghislegsatanold-fashionedlathe,makingchair-legsveryfast.Instantly,fromthedarkholesallround,therewasafrenziedrushofJews.Immediately,Jewsrushedoutoftheirdarkhole-likeroomsnearbyinafrenzymadness.oneofthemlooksonacigaretteasamoreorlessimpossibleluxury.EveryoneoftheseJewsconsidersthecigaretteasasomewhatpieceofwhichtheycannotpossiblyafford.Still,awhiteskinisalwaysfairlyconspicuous.However,awhite-skinnedEuropeaniseasytonoticeinafairway.Inatropicallandscapeone’seyetakesineverythingexceptthebeing.Againstthebackgroundofatropicallandscape,peoplecouldnoticeeverythingbuttheycannotseelocalpeople.NoonewouldthinkofrunningcheaptripstotheDistressedAreasNoonewouldproposethecheaptripstotheslums．10．...fornine-tenthsofthepeopletherealityoflifeisanendless,back-breakingstruggletowringalittlefoodoutofanerodedsoil.Thereallifeofnine-tenthsofthepeopleisthatthereisnoendtotheirextremelyhardworkinordertogetalittlefoodfromaneroded11.Sheacceptedherstatusasanoldwoman,thatistosayasabeastofburden.Shetookitforgrantedthatasanoldwomansheshouldworklikeananimal．withbrownskinsarenextdoortoinvisible.Peoplewhohavebrownskinsarealmostinvisible．Theirsplendidbodieswerehiddeninreach-me-downkhakiuniforms...Thesoldiersworesecond—handkhakiuniformswhichcoveredtheirbeautifulwell—builtbodies．HowlongbeforetheyturntheirgunsintheotherdirectionHowlongwillittakeforthemtoattackus？Everywhitemantherehadthisthoughtstowedsomewhereorotherinhismind.Itiscertainthateverywhitemanrealizedthis.Lesson3yetthesamerevolutionarybeliefforwhichourforebearsfoughtisstillatissuearoundtheglobe...Andyetthesamerevolutionarybeliefwhichistheaimofourancestorsisstillindisputearoundtheworld.Thismuchwepledge--andmore.Thismuchwepromisetodoandwepromisetodomore.United,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofcooperativeventures.Ifweareunited,thereisalmostnothingwecannotdothroughalotofcooperation.Butthispeacefulrevolutionofhopecannotbecomethepreyofhostilepowers.Butthispeacefulrevolutionwhichcanbringhopeinapeacefulwaycannotfallvictimstoenemycountry.....Ourlastbesthopeinanagewheretheinstrumentshavefaroutpacedtheinstrumentsofpace...TheUnitedNationsisourlastandbesthopeintheerawheremeansoflaunchingwarhavefarsurpassedmeansofkeepingpeace....toenlargetheareainwhichitswritmayrun...toincreasetheareawherethewrittendocumentsmaybeeffective.7....beforethedarkpowersofdestructionunleashedbyscienceengulfhumanityinplannedoraccidentalself-destruction...beforetheevilatomweaponmadepossiblebysciencedestroyallhumanbeingsinaplannedwayorbyaccident.8...yetbothracingtoalterthatuncertainbalanceofterrorthatstaysthehandofmankind’sfinalwar...Howeverbothtryingtochangethatunstablebalanceofweaponsandthisbalanceofweaponscouldpreventhumanbeingsfromlaunchingtheirfinalwar.Soletusbeginanew,rememberingonbothsidesthatcivilityisnotasignofweakness...Soletusbeginonceagaintorealizethatpolitenessdoesnotmeanweakness.Letbothsidesseektoinvokethewondersofscienceinsteadofitsterrors.Isuggestbothsidestrytousesciencetomakewondersforhumanbeingsratherthanterrors....eachgenerationofAmericanshasbeensummonedtogivetestimonytoitsnationalloyalty.ThereareAmericansfromeverygenerationwhoanswerthecallofthecountrytoprovetheirloyaltytothecountry.Withagoodconscienceouronlysurereward,withhistorythefinaljudgeofourdeeds,letusgoforthtoleadthelandwelove...Ourcertainrewardisourgoodconscienceandhistorywilljudgeourdeeds,therefore,letustrytobepioneersinbuildingourbelovedcountry.Unit4niceenoughyoungfellow,youunderstand,butnothingupstairs.Heisaniceenoughyoungfellow,youknow,butheisempty-headed.,Isubmit,aretheverynegationofreason.Apassingfashionorcraze,inmyopinion,showsacompletelackofreason.shouldhaveknowntheydcomebackwhentheCharlestoncameback.IshouldhaveknownthatraccooncoatswouldcomebacktofashionwhentheCharlestondance,whichwaspopularinthe1920s,cameback.4.“AlltheBigMenonCampusarewearingthem.Where„veyoubeen”Alltheimportantandfashionablemenoncampusarewearingthem.Howyoudon’tknowbrain,thatprecisioninstrument,slippedintohighgear.Mybrain,whichisprecisioninstrument,begantoworkathighspeed.oneomission,Pollyfittedthesespecificationsperfectly.Exceptforonething(intelligence)Pollyhadalltheotherrequirements.wasnotyetofpin-upproportions,butIfeltsurethattimewouldsupplythelack.ShewasnotasbeautifulasthosegirlsinpostersbutIfeltsureshebecomebeautifulenoughaftersometime.fact,sheveeredintheoppositedirection.Infact,shewentintheoppositedirection,thatis,shewasnotintelligentbutratherstupid.9.“Inotherwords,ifyouwereoutofthepicture,thefieldwouldbeopen.Isthatright”Ifyouwerenolongerinvolvedwithher,otherswouldbefreetocompetetogetherasagirlfriend.andforthhisheadswiveled,desirewaxing,resolutionwaning.Hisheadturnedbackandforth(lookingatthecoatandthenlookingawayfromthecoat).EverytimehelookedhisdesireforthecoatgrewstrongerandhisresolutionnottoabandonPollybecameweaker.loomedasaprojectofnosmalldimensions...Toteachhertothinkseemedtobearatherbigtask.itwasnotaprospectfraughtwithhope,butIdecidedtogiveitonemoretry.Onemustadmittheoutcomedidnotlookveryhopeful,butIdecidedtotryonemoretime.isalimittowhatfleshandbloodcanbear.Thereisalimittowhatanyhumanbeingcanbear.wasnotPygmalion;IwasFrankenstein,andmymonsterhadmebythethroat.IplannedtobePygmalion,tofashionanidealwifeformyself,butIturnedouttobeFrankensteinbecausePollyultimatelyrejectedmeandruinedplan.Ifoughtbackthetideofpanicsurgingthroughme.DesperatelyItriedtostopthefeelingofpanicwhichwasoverwhelmingme.Unit5slightedmentionofthedecadebringsnostalgicrecollectionstothemiddle-aged...Attheverymentionofthispostwarperiod,middle-agedpeoplebegintothinkaboutitlongingly.rejectionofVictoriangentilitywas,inanycase,inevitable.Inanycase,anAmericancouldnotavoidcastingasidemiddle-classrespectabilityandaffectedrefinement.waractedmerelyasacatalyticagentinthisbreakdownoftheVictoriansocialstructure...ThewaronlyhelpedtospeedupthebreakdownoftheVictoriansocialstructure.4...itwastempted,inAmericaatleast,toescapeitsresponsibilitiesandretreatbehindanairofnaughtyalcoholicsophistication...InAmericaatleast,theyoungpeoplewerestronglyinclinedtoshirktheirresponsibilities.Theypretendedtobeworldly-wise,drinkingandbehavingnaughtily.affordedtheyoungtheadditionalopportunityofmakingtheirpleasuresillicit...TheyoungfoundgreaterpleasureindrinkingbecauseProhibition,bydrinkingunlawful,addedasenseofadventure.6...ouryoungmenbegantoenlistunderforeignflags.Ouryoungmenjoinedthearmiesofforeigncountriestofightinthewar.7....they“wantedtogetintothefunbeforethewholethingturnedup.”Theyoungwantedtotakepartinthegloriousadventurebeforethewholeended.8...theyhadoutgrowntownsandfamilies...Theseyoungpeoplecouldnolongeradaptthemselvestolivesintheirhometownsortheirfamilies.9..thereturningveteranalsohadtofacethesodden,NapoleoniccynicismofVersailles,thehypocriticaldo-goodismofProhibition...ThereturningveteranalsohadtofacethestupidcynicismofthevictoriousalliesinVersailleswhoactedascynicallyasNapoleondid,andtoPhetension-riddenyouthofAmericahadto“give”...(Underallthisforceandpressure)somethingintheyouthofAmerica,whowerealreadyverytense,hadtobreakdown.11....itwasonlynaturalthathopefulyoungwriters,theirmindsandpensinflamedagainstwar,Babbittry,and“Puritanical”gentility,shouldflocktothetraditionalartisticcenter...Itwasonlynaturalthathopefulyoungwriters,whosemindsandwritingswerefullofviolentangeragainstwar,Babbittry,and“Puritanical”gentility,shouldcomeinlargennumberstoliveinGreenwichVillage,thetraditionalartisticcenter.townhadits“fast”setwhichprideditselfonitselfonitsunconventionality...Eachtownwasproudthatithadagroupofwild,recklesspeople,wholivedunconventionallives.Unit6NowadaysNewYorkisoutofphasewithAmericantaste...NowadaysNewYorkerscantunderstandnorfollowthetasteoftheAmericanpeopleandoftendisagreewithAmericanpolitics.NewYorkevenpridesitselfonbeingaholdoutfromprevailingAmericantrends...NewYorkisproudthatitisacitythatresiststheprevailingfashionorstylesofAmericaandthatitremainstobeaplacewherepeoplecanescapeuniformity....sitcomsclonedandcannedinHollywood,andtheJohnnyCarsonshowlive,preempttheairwaysfromCalifornia...SituationcomediesmadeinHollywoodandthelivetalkshowofJohnnyCarsonnowdominatetheradioandTVprogramsinCalifornia....Itismakingsomethingofacomebackasatouristattraction...NewYorkismakingattemptstoregainitsstatusasacitythatattractstourists.TowininNewYorkistobeuneasy...EvenwhenapersonwhinsinNewYork,hemaywellbeanxiousandfearful,forheisafraidoflosingwhathehasgainedinthecomingfiercecompetition.Nature‟pleasuresaremuchqualifiedinNewYork.SinceNewYorkisalargeandcrowedcitywithalotoftallbuildingschancetoenjoythepleasuresofnatureisverylimitedhere....thecity‟sbrightglowarrogantlyobscurestheheavens.Atnight,thelightsofNewYorkaresoproudlybrightthattheskyseemstobedarkened.Butthepurityofabohemiandedicationcanbeexaggerated.Butthepureandwholehearteddevotiontoabohemianlifestylecanbeoverstated.Inboththeserolesitratifiesmorethanitcreates.Inboththeserolesofbankingandcommunicationsheadquarters,Newcreatesveryfewthingsbutapprovesmanythingsstartedbypeopleinotherpartsofthecountry.Thetelevisiongenerationgrewupintheinsistentpresenceofhype...Thetelevisiongenerationwascontinuallyandstronglyaffectedbyextravagantpromotionaladvertising....thosewhoarewritingambitiousnovelssustainthemselvesonthemagazines.Writersproducinglongseriousnovelsalsoearntheirlivingbywritingarticlesforpopularmagazines.Boardway,whichseemedtobesuccumbingtothetawdrinessofitsenvironment,isastiragain.Boardway,whichseemedtobegivinguptothecheap,gaudyshowsputoninthesurroundingareas,nowbecomesflourishingandbusyagain.Thedefeatedarenothiddenawaysomewhereelseonthewrongsideoftown.Thosewhofailedinthestruggleoflife,thedown-and-outs,donohidethemselvesawayinslumswhereotherpeoplecannotseethem.Theplaceconstantlyexasperates,attimesexhilarates.NewYorkconstantlyirritatesandannoysverymuchbutsometimesitalsostimulates.Unit7Withaclamorofbellsthatsettheswallowssoaring,eFestivalofSummercametothecityOmelas.Theloudringingofthebells,whichsentthefrightenedllowsflyinghigh,markedthebeginningoftheFestivalofummerinOmelas...Theirhighcallsrisingliketheswallows’crossingghtsoverthemusicandsingsing.Theshoutingofthechildrencould beheardclearlyabovethemusicandsinginglikethecallsoftheswallowsflyingyoverhead...Exercisedtheirrestivehorsesbeforetherace.Theriderswereputtingthehorsesthroughsomeexercisesausethehorseswereeagertostartandstubbornlyresistingthecontroloftheriders.Givenadescriptionsuchasthisonetendstomakeinassumptions.After readingtheabovedescriptionthereaderislikelyassumecertainthings.Thisisthetreasonofartist:arefusaltoadmittheanalityofevilandtheterribleboredomofpain.Anartistbetrayshistrustwhenhedoesnotadmitthatlisnothingfreshnornovelandpainisverydullanduninteresting.Theywerenature,intelligent,passionateadultswhoseswerenotwretched.Theywerefullydevelopedandintelligentgrown-uppeopleofintensefeelingsandtheywerenotmiserablepeople.Perhapsitwouldbebestifyouimagineditasyourownfancybids,assumingitwillrisetotheoccasion.PerhapsitwouldbebestifthereaderpicturesOmelastoimselfashisimaginationtellshim,assuminghisimaginationwillbeequaltothetask.Thefaintinsistentsweetnessofdroozmayperfumetheyofthecity.Thefaintbutcompellingsweetscentofthedrugdroozfillthestreetsofthecity.Perhapsitwasborndefective,orperhapsithasimbecilethroughfear,malnutritionandneglect.Perhapsthechildwasmentallyretardedbecauseitwasbornsoorperhapsithasbecomeveryfoolishandstupidbecauseoffear,poornourishmentand neglect.Itshabitsaretoouncouthforittorespondtohumanetreatment.Thehabitsofthechildaresocrudeandunculturedthatwillshownosignofimprovementevenifitistreatedkindlyandtenderly.Theirtearsatthebitterinjusticedrywhentheytoperceivetheterriblejusticeofreality,andtoacceptit.Theyshedtearswhentheyseehow terriblyunjusttheyhavebeentothechild,butthesetearsdryupwhentheyrealizehowjustandfairthoughterriblerealitywas.Unit101.ItisacomplexfatetobeanAmerican.ThefateofanAmericaniscomplicatedandhardtounderstand.2...theywerenomoreathomeinEuropethanIwas.TheywereuneasyanduncomfortableinEuropeasI3...wewerebothsearchingforourseparateide