座纹圆蛋月座纹寂静12

TOC\o"1-1"\h\z\uOakCity’sShop Olympic OakCity’sShop月原始原ThefollowingeditorialappearedintheElmCityp"TheconstructionlastyearofashopmallindowntownOakCitywasamistake.Sincethemallhasopened,anumberoflocalbusinesseshaveclosed,andthedowntownareasuffersfromanacuteparkingshortage,andarrestsforcrimeandvagrancyhaveincreasedinthenearbyOakCityPark.ElmCityshouldpayattentiontotheexampleoftheOakCitymallanddenytheapplicationtobuildashopmallinElmCity."考思因果关系-错误因果：不一定是由于shopmallopen导致其他商店关闭当地商人纷纷选择；(2)和流浪者增多可能是其他因素造成的，比如房价太高，大学生毕业找不到工作，只好选择或者流浪。错误类比：ElmCityOakCity不可完全等同，两座城市的经济状况，基础设施和生活水忽略了带来的好处，例如createnew ernmentrevenue,置疑：以上提到的几项数据全部来源不明，可能不够中立客观考范InthiseditorialtheauthorrebukesOakCityforallowingtheconstructionofanewdowntownshopmall.Citinganumberofproblemsthathaveoccurredsincethebuildingofth,theauthorconcludesthattheresidentsofOakCityhavenotbenefitedfromthandthatOakCityexercisedpoorjudgmentinallowingthtobebuilt.Amongtheproblemscitedbytheauthoraretheclosureoflocalbusinesses,lackofparkinginthedowntownarea,andincreasedtrashandlitterinacityparknearthemall.Moreover,theauthorarguesthatprofitsderivedfromsalesarenotbenefitingOakCitybecausetheownerofthemalllivesinanothercity.Theauthor'sargumentisproblematicinseveralrespects.Intheplace,theauthorassumesthatadditionofthenewmallisthecauseofthevariousproblemscited.Theonlyevidenceofferedtosupportthiisthattheconstructionofthemalloccurredbeforetheseproblemsmanifestedthemselves.However,thisevidenceisinsufficienttoestablishtheclaiminquestion.Achronologicalrelationshipisonlyoneoftheindicatorsofacausalrelationshipbetweentwoevents.Inthesecondplace,theauthorhasfocusedonlyonnegativeeffectsthemalthashadonthecity.Amoredetailedysisofthesituationmightrevealthatthepositivebenefitsforthecityfaroutweightheproblemsonwhichtheauthorfocuses.Forexample,newjobsmighthavebeencreatedfortheresidentsofOakCity,andtaxrevenuesmighthavebeenincreasedforthecity.LackingamorecomprehensiveysisoftheimpactofthonOakCity,itispresumptuousonthepartoftheauthortoconcludethatOakCity'sdecisiontoallowthemalltobebuiltwasInconclusion,theauthor'sargumentisunconvincing.Tostrengthentheargumenttheauthorwouldhavetodemonstratethattheconstructionofthemallcausedthevariousproblemsmentioned.Theauthorwouldalsohavetoshowthatthenegativeeffectsoftheprojectoutweighedthepositiveeffects.Olympic月原始原ThefollowingappearedaspartofanannualreporttostockholdersbyOlympicFoods,aprocessoroffrozenfoods.“Overtime,thecostsofprocessinggodownbecauseasanizationsl rhowtodothingsbetter,they emoreefficient.Incolorfilmprocessing,forexample,thecostofa3-by-5-inchprintfellfrom50centsforfive-dayservicein1970to20centsforone-dayservicein1984.Thesameprincipleappliestotheprocessingoffood.AndsinceOlympicFoodswillsooncelebrateitstwenty-fifthbirthday,wecanexpectthatourlongexperiencewillenableustominimizecostsandthusize考思错误类比：Thefoodindustryisnotogoustothecolorfilmindustry.食品行业与彩色胶因果关系：Otherfactorsthatmaycontributetothecostdeclineoftheprintingcostshouldbeconsideredandruledout.无根据假设：Theconclusionoftheargumentisbasedonagratuitousassumptionthatthecompanycanminimizecostandizeprofitbecausethecompanyhasbeenconductedfor25years.(1)(2)costprofit就会增加，只有在销考范Citingfactsdrawnfromthecolor-filmprocessingindustrythatindicateadownwardtrendinthecostsoffilmprocessinera24-yearperiod,theauthorarguesthatOlympicFoodswilllikewisebeabletominimizecostsandthusizeprofitsinthefuture.Insupportofthisconclusiontheauthorcitesteralprinciplethat“asanizationslearnhowtodothingsbetter,theyemoreefficient.”Thisprinciple,coupledwiththefactthatOlympicFoodshashad25yearsofexperienceinthefoodprocessingindustryleadstotheauthor’srosyprediction.argumentisunconvincingbecauseitsuffersfromtwocritical,theauthor’sforecastofminimalcostsandumprofitsrestsonthegratuitousassumptionthatOlympicFoods’“longexperience”hastaughtithowtodothingsbetter.Thereis,however,noguaranteethatthisisthecase.Nordoestheauthorciteanyevidencetosupportthisassumption.Justaslikely,OlympicFoodshaslearnednothingfromits25yearsinthefood-processingbusiness.Lackingthisassumption,theexpectationofincreasedefficiencyisentirelyunfounded.Second,itishighlydoubtfulthatthefactsdrawnfromthecolor-filmprocessingindustryareapplicabletothefoodprocessingindustry.Differencesbetweenthetwoindustriesclearlyoutweighthesimilarities,thusmakingtheogyhighlylessthanvalid.Forexample,problemsofspoilage,contamination,andtimelytransportationallaffectthefoodindustrybutarevirtuallyabsentinthefilm-processingindustry.Problemssuchasthesemightpresentinsurmountableobstaclesthatpreventloweringfood-processingcostsinthefuture.Asitstandstheauthor’sargumentisnotcompelling.TostrengthentheconclusionthatOlympicFoodswillenjoyminimalcostsand umprofitsinthefuture,theauthorwouldhavetoprovideevidencethatthecompanyhaslearnedhowtodothingsbetterasaresultofits25yearsofexperience.Supportingexamplesdrawnfromindustriesmoresimilartothefood-processingindustrywouldfurthersubstantiatetheauthor’sview.月原assistantmarkingredirectorwritetothecompany'smarketdirectordeparmetn:basedonoursamllerfranchisesinfor,peopleprefertogotolocalownedgrocery,sincethelocalgroceyalreadyhavethecutomerloyalty.samethingwillhappentothesupermarketchainwhichwewillopenatthisareaeventhoughwecanprovidelowerprice.forsolvingthisproblem,theassistantdirectorsuggestthat:shiftinghalfnationaladvisebudgettothesponsringlocalcommunicatoinwhichfocusafter-schoolcommuncatoin.然后问你