海绵动物和刺细胞动物详解演示文稿

海绵动物和刺细胞动物详解演示文稿第一页，共二十七页。优选海绵动物和刺细胞动物第二页，共二十七页。Traditionalprotostome/原口动物Deuterostome/后口动物Parazoa/侧生动物Coelom/体腔Coelomata/体腔动物traditionalphylogeny第三页，共二十七页。rRNAphylogeny第四页，共二十七页。Spnoges(phylum:Spongia)

海绵动物门ComplexaggregationsofspecializedcellsCellindependentandnotformingtruetissuesAmongthestructurallysimplestmulti-cellularanimalsNearlyallspongesaremarineAllaresessile/固着Amazingvarietyofshapes,sizes,andcolors6000speciesmarine第五页，共二十七页。Relativelysimplebodyplan/简单的身体构造Numeroustinypores(ostia/口、门-surface)Filterwater---5timesvolumeofitsbodyperminNetworkofcanals---relativelyflexibleskeletalframework---spongytextureClassifiedasthephylumPoriferaor“porebearers”多孔动物

出水孔第六页，共二十七页。CellsSpecializedforfunctionCellularleveloforganizationVeryplastic;species-specific第七页，共二十七页。Spongestructure/海绵结构Pinacocyte/胞饮细胞PorecellsCollarcellsOsculum/出水孔AmebocytesSpongin/海绵丝Spicules/海绵针游走细胞第八页，共二十七页。FeedingSuspensionfeeders:feedingonparticularorganicmattersuspendedinthewaterFilterfeeders:passive&active第九页，共二十七页。Depositfeeders

---Feedingonparticulateorganicmatter(thatsettlesonthebottom)第十页，共二十七页。Asexullyreproduction/无性繁殖Asexually:branchesorbudbreakoff第十一页，共二十七页。Sexullyreproduction/有性繁殖SexuallyGametesNotbygonadsFertilization

InternalSpermenterDevelopment

EarlystageinsideParenchymulalarva(planktonic)中实幼体第十二页，共二十七页。TubularspongefromtheCaribbeanEncrustingspongefromHawaiiCorallinespongeatadepthof52minPuertoRico圆球海绵千姿百态的海绵世界第十三页，共二十七页。BrowntubularspongeinFlorida(red,purple,browntubularsponges)YellowspongebeneathAntarctic第十四页，共二十七页。InHongKong第十五页，共二十七页。海绵的开发和应用利用浅水生物已制造出能治疗滤过性毒菌感染的海绵核苷美国海港海洋研究所在数万种无脊椎动物和微生物中寻找有用成分，迄今最大的成功就是从一种深海海绵中提取的化合物，已经进入治疗胰腺癌的临床试验。还有人在研究用称为竹珊瑚的深海生物作为人工骨骼朗讯公司的贝尔实验室正在研究深海海绵如何在低温下生长出强度和导光性都比光纤更好的玻璃骨架第十六页，共二十七页。Cnidarians/腔肠动物EvolutionoftissuesNextlevelafterspongeSimpleswimRespondtoexternalstimuliSpecializednervecellsEngulfprey/吞食性捕食Seaanemones,jellyfishes,coralsetc.第十七页，共二十七页。RadialSymmetry/放射对称Similarpartsofbody/身体各部位的相似性Nohead,frontorback/无头、前部、腹部区分Oralsurface,aboralsurface/有口面，对口面Centrallylocatedmouthsurroundedbytentacles/口位于中心，触手长于四周Gutisablindcavitywithonlyoneopening,mouth第十八页，共二十七页。Twobasicforms/两种基本形状Polyp:sac-likeattachedstage（水螅型）Medusa:bell-likeorjellyfish,adaptedforswimming（水母型）第十九页，共二十七页。Tentacle/触手stickyorarmedwithalongtubethatwrapsaroundpartsofprayDischargenematocysttocapturesmallprey第二十页，共二十七页。Nematocyst/刺丝胞Uniquestingingstructurefoundwithincellsinthetentacle/触手Consistofafluid-filledcapsulecontainingathread/刺丝thatcanbequicklyejected第二十一页，共二十七页。Typesofcnidarians/

腔肠动物种类10,000speciesHydrozoa/水螅纲Scyphoza/水母纲

(Cubozoa/方水母纲)Anthozoa/珊瑚纲第二十二页，共二十七页。Hydrozoans水螅纲WiderangeofformsAttachedcoloniesReproductionmechanicscomplexlifehistoriesPlanula/浮浪游体第二十三页，共二十七页。Lifecycleofhydrozoan

第二十四页，共二十七页。Scyphozoa/水母纲MedusaisdominantstagePolypissmall，releasingjuvenilemedusaRound