压缩机基础术语课件

天然气压缩机基础术语2压缩机基础术语(Jargon)压缩 =压迫或压缩进入一个较小空间的动作。压缩机基础术语R/Rc = 压缩比Ps/P1 = 吸气压力Pd/P2 = 排气压力Ts/T1 = 吸气温度Td/T2 = 排气温度Ta = 环境温度Hp = 马力（功率单位）HE = 缸头端CE = 曲柄端VE = 容积效率K = 特定天然气的比热比3Terminology术语SA单作用 =SingleActing-Theactof compressingononeendofthe compressorcylinder.DA双作用 =DoubleActing-Theactof compressingonbothendsofthe compressorcylinder.5Terminology术语ClearanceVolume=Thevolumeremaininginthe 余隙容积 compressorcylinderattheendof thedischargestroke.Normally expressedasa%ofpiston displacement.Displacement =AreaofpistonXlengthofstroke排量 X#ofstrokesperminute.For DAcompressors,thedisplacement ontheCEislessthantheHEdueto therodarea.Normallyexpressed incubicfeetperminuteorCFM.6Terminology术语Capacity= (orflowrate)Volumeofgascompressedanddeliveredatspecifiedconditionsoftemperature&pressuremeasuredatthecompressorinlet.Usuallyexpressedasvolume/unitoftime-cubicfeetperminuteorcubicfeetperday.Approach = 30°Fapproachmeansthecooler（设计）温差 willcoolthegasto130°when ambienttemperatureis100°F7Terminology术语SweptVolume工作容积=Thevolumesweptbythepistonduringtheforwardand/orbackwardstroke.=Compressorspeedisnotafactor.=Normallyexpressedincubicinchesandcalculatedasfollows:SweptVolumeHE=AreaofPistonXStrokeinInchesSweptVolumeCE=(AreaofPiston-AreaofRod)XStrokeinInchesTotalSweptVolume=(2XAreaofPiston-AreaofRod)XStrokeInInches8TerminologyUnitsofMeasure:PSI =poundspersquareinchPSIG =poundspersquareinchgaugePSIA =poundspersquareinchabsolute =gauge+atmosphericpressureMMCFD =millioncubicfeetperdayMMSCFD =millioncubicfeetperday@the standardconditionsof14.65psia&60°F10TerminologyTemperatureScales:Temperature= Ameasureofmolecularenergy…thehigherthetemperaturethemoremolecularenergy.DegreesFahrenheit(°F)= Temperaturescalewhere,atsealevel,thefreezing pointofwateris32°&theboilingpointis212°.Thedistancebetweenthesetwopointsis180°.12TerminologyTemperatureScales:Convertingfrom°Fto°Cexpressedasfollows:

°C=5/9X(°F-32)

Example: Convert100°Fto°C °C =5/9X(100-32) =5/9X68 =37.8°C14TerminologyTemperatureScales: DegreesRankin(°R)=Absolutetemperature- EnglishUnits Usedmostlyinscientificworkwhichrelatesthe Fahrenheitscaletoabsolutetemperature. Calculationsarebasedonzeromolecularenergy.

ZeroMolecularEnergy=-460°ForabsolutezeroConvertingfrom°Fto°Risexpressedasfollows:°R=°F+460Example:100°F+460=560°R15TerminologyTemperatureScales:DegreesRankin(cont.)Oneusefor°R:FindingDischargeTemperature(T2)

(K-1/K)

T1=60°F+460=520°R

T2=T1XRc

Ps=500PSIG

(1.26-1/1.26)

Pd=1500PSIG T2=520X2.94 K=1.26

.2 T2=520X2.94 T2=520X1.24 T2=644.8°Ror184.8°F16TerminologyFindingRatioofCompression(RC) Example1:Ps=200psig,Pd=600psig

Rc= 600psig+14.7=614.7psia=2.863 200psig+14.7=214.7psia

Example2:Ps=20psig,Pd=600psig

Rc= 600psig+14.7=614.7psia=17.7 20psig+14.7=34.7psiaNote:Ifwehadnotconvertedtopsiatheratiowouldhavebeen30:1.17TerminologyFindingApproximateHPRequirement:TofindtheHPrequiredforasinglestageunit(example1):ApproximatingHPFormulausingExample#1HP=21xRcxSxQWhere:

HP =HorsePower 21 =Standard(Constant) Rc =RatioOfCompression S =#ofStages Q =QuantityinMMCFDHP=21x2.86x1x2=120.12or1211820SeparableEngineVConfigurationInlineConfigurationHorizontalOpposedConfiguration21SeparableCompressorFrameTerminology23LeftBankRightBankINTEGRALENGINE-COMPRESSORFlywheel2L1L3L4L5L1R2R3R4R5R2426

2.5”ERLTensionPd=814.7PSIAPs=214.7PSIAAreaofpistoninsquareinches,minusareaofrodtimesdischargepressure,minusareaofthepistontimessuctionpressure.6”=(28.274-4.909)x814.7-(28.274x214.7)=23.365x814.7-(28.274x214.7)=19,035-6070=12,965#27DataneededforCompressorSizingOperatingConditionsGaspropertiesApproximateHPperapplicationSuctionPressure(PS)DischargePressure(Pd