牛津译林版高中英语必修五Wordpower课件

高中英语课件madeofcanruohanxing高中英语课件madeofcanruohanxing1Unit3ScienceversusnatureWordpowerUnit3Sciencever2

PrefixesandsuffixesOrgans

of

thebodyPrefixesandsuffixesOrgans3构词法构词法4根据构词法，复合词分为派生词、合成词、转化词。派生词是由词根加派生词缀构成。复合词根据构词法，复合词分为派生词、合成词、转化词。复合词5大多数的前缀并不影响词的词性，而仅对词根的意义加以修饰，表示否定、相反、贬低、程度、时间、方位等意义。不改变词根的基本意义，而是改变了词性。前缀后缀前缀后缀61.动词变名词：-ationsatisfaction,education,realization-mentdevelopment,movement,disappointment-alarrival,refusal-eetrainee,employee-erteacher,worker-orvisitor,sailor1.动词变名词：-ationsatisfaction,ed7independenceIn-depend-encePrefix(前缀)root

(词根)Suffix(后缀)independenceIn-depend-encePref8appear,novel,regular,respectWearegoingtohavesomequestions.Pleaseusethesewordstohelpyou,butyouneedtoaddsomeletterstothewordsfirst.1)Youcannotfindyournewpen.Whathappenedtoyourpen?2)ManypeoplerespectMr.Liandthinkheisagoodman.Hehelpspeopleoutandisagoodcitizenandfriend.SocanyoufindawordtodescribeMr.Li?ItdisappearedRespectableappear,novel,regular,93)MissWanghaspublishedseveralbooks.Shelovesherjobwritingnovels.SowhatisMissWang’soccupation(职业)?4)Youcannotfindtheorderofthenumbersinagroupofmembers.Socanyoufindawordtodescribetheorderofthenumbers?irregularSheisanovelistappear,novel,regular,respect3)MissWanghaspublishedsev10

Attention!Usuallyaprefixwillchangethemeaningofword,whileasuffixwillchangethepartofspeechofaword.Attention!Usuallyaprefixw11Sometimesyoucanguesswhatawordmeansbylookingatitsprefixorsuffix.Lookattheexamplesandworkoutthemeanings.PrefixExampleMeaninganti-anti-cloning,anticanceragainst,opposedtodis-un-disappear,disagreeunfair,unwillingnot,apposedofin-il-im-ir-incorrect,incomparableillegal,illogicalimmoral,immodestirresponsible,irregularnot,withoutSometimesyoucanguesswhata12Prefix

Example

Meaning

pre-preview,preserveearly,beforepro-pro-cloninginfavourof,supportingre-recreate,repeat,renewagainSometimesyoucanguesswhatawordmeansbylookingatitsprefixorsuffix.Lookattheexamplesandworkoutthemeanings.PrefixExampleMeaningpre-pr13SomeothercommonlyusedprefixesPrefix

ExampleMeaning

non-notnon-smoker,non-alcoholic,non-profitinter-international,interaction,interruptbetweentele-telescope,telegram,telecommunicationfarofftrans-transport,translate,transnationalacrossmis-misunderstand,mislead,misdeedwrongsub-subtitle,subway,submarineunderover-overeat,overwork,overacttoomuchtri-triangle,tricycle,tricolorthreeauto-autobiography,autoalarm,automobileselfSomeothercommonlyusedprefi14Prefix

ExampleMeaning

-ablecomfortable,noticeableworthyof,abletobe-fulcheerful,thoughtfulfullof,characterizedby-istscientist,novelistsomeonewhodoessomething-lesshopeless,aimlesswithout-mentagreement,treatmentindicateastateorcondition-nessdryness,madnessindicateaquality,stateorcharacterPrefixExampleMeaning-ab15Someothercommonlyusedsuffixes-alcultural,national,originaloforconcerning-ioninvitation,competition,protectionactionorconditionof…stateofbeing,skill-shiphardship,scholarship,relationship-domfreedom,kingdom,conditionorstateof…ofthenatureof…-ishchildish,selfish-proofwaterproof,fireproof,soundproofprotectagainst-enwiden,sharpen,shortenmakeorbecome-wardeastward,homeward,backwardinthedirectionof-likewomanlike,childlikesimilartoSomeothercommonlyusedsuffi16Doyouthinkweshouldprotectnature?Completewhatanenvironmentalistissayingbelow.Usethewordsfromthebox.disrespect,hopeless,illegal,uncertain,understandableIthinkcuttingdowntreesshouldbemade(1)_______andtighterlawsshouldbeintroduced.Somanypeopleareshowingtheir(2)________fornature;theydon’tseemtocarethattheyaredestroyingtheenvironment.SometimesIthinkwearefightinga(3)________battleagainstpeoplewhojustwon’tlisten.Iknowscientistshaveworkedhardtoachievescientificbreakthroughbutit’s(4)___________whetherthey’llsucceedtotally.Although

it’s(5)_____________thattheywanttoadvancetechnology,Ithinksomethingsarebestleftthewaytheyare.illegaldisrespecthopelessuncertainunderstandableDoyouthinkweshouldprotect17大多数的前缀并不影响词的词性，而仅对词根的意义加以修饰，表示否定、相反、贬低、程度、时间、方位等意义。前缀前缀181.表示否定的前缀：un-non-in-dis-im-il-ir-unfair,unhappynonsmoker,nonbook(常用在n.adj.adv.前)inactive,inhuman,indirect(常用在adj.后)disagree,disappearimpolite,impossible(用在b,p,m开头的词前)illegalirreal,irregularⅠ.前缀：1.表示否定的前缀：un-unfair,unhappyno192.表示错误或失当的前缀:mis-misjudge,misdirect(误导)3.表示向背的前缀:pro-anti-pro-Chinese,pro-Americanantiwar,anti-Japanesewar2.表示错误或失当的前缀:mis-misjudge,204.表示程度、大小的前缀super-over-mini-under-semi-superstar,supermarket,superman,superpoweroverhead,overeat,overuseminibus,miniskirt,minicarunderground,underdevelopsemicircle,semiskilled,semisteel4.表示程度、大小的前缀super-superstar,s215.表示时间的前缀pre-post-fore-prewarpostwarforetell,forecast,foresee,weatherforcast6.表示方位的前缀：sub-inter-trans-subway,submarineinternational,intercity,interclasstranslate,transatlantic5.表示时间的前缀pre-prewarpostwarfore22Ⅱ后缀：不改变词根的基本意义，而是改变了词性。1.动词变名词：-ationsatisfaction,education,realization-mentdevelopment,movement,disappointment-alarrival,refusal-eetrainee,employee-erteacher,worker-orvisitor,sailorⅡ后缀：1.动词变名词：-ationsatisfaction232.形容词变名词：-ness-ity-ismhappiness,meanness,carelessnessability,possibilityMarxism,criticism3.名词、形容词变动词：-ify-ize-enbeautify,simplifyrealizequicken,widen,sharpen2.形容词变名词：-nesshappiness,meann243.名词变形容词：-y-ish-some-ous-fulwindy,rainy,sandyfoolish,feverishhandsome,troublesomedangerous,humoroushelpful,careful,peaceful3.名词变形容词：-ywindy,rainy,sandy25但也有一些带后缀的派生词仅仅改变词义：Kingdom:“职位、状态”

Boyhood:“身份，资格”Friendship:“情态、状态、性质、身份、职业、技巧、技能”Spoonful：构成名词freedomchildhoodleadership,hardshipmouthful,handful但也有一些带后缀的派生词仅仅改变词义：Kingdom:“职26lungsliverheartstomachkidneyslungsliverheartstomachkidneys27

artery

静脉动脉脂肪组织Organsofthebody

28KeytoExerciseBBrain(2)heart(3)liver(4)lungs(5)stomach(6)kidneysKeytoExerciseBBrain(29Homework1.CompletePartConpage47inpairsorgroups.2.ReadthearticleinPartAonpage113anddoParBonthesamepage.Homework1.CompletePartConp30高中英语课件madeofcanruohanxing高中英语课件madeofcanruohanxing31Unit3ScienceversusnatureWordpowerUnit3Sciencever32

PrefixesandsuffixesOrgans

of

thebodyPrefixesandsuffixesOrgans33构词法构词法34根据构词法，复合词分为派生词、合成词、转化词。派生词是由词根加派生词缀构成。复合词根据构词法，复合词分为派生词、合成词、转化词。复合词35大多数的前缀并不影响词的词性，而仅对词根的意义加以修饰，表示否定、相反、贬低、程度、时间、方位等意义。不改变词根的基本意义，而是改变了词性。前缀后缀前缀后缀361.动词变名词：-ationsatisfaction,education,realization-mentdevelopment,movement,disappointment-alarrival,refusal-eetrainee,employee-erteacher,worker-orvisitor,sailor1.动词变名词：-ationsatisfaction,ed37independenceIn-depend-encePrefix(前缀)root

(词根)Suffix(后缀)independenceIn-depend-encePref38appear,novel,regular,respectWearegoingtohavesomequestions.Pleaseusethesewordstohelpyou,butyouneedtoaddsomeletterstothewordsfirst.1)Youcannotfindyournewpen.Whathappenedtoyourpen?2)ManypeoplerespectMr.Liandthinkheisagoodman.Hehelpspeopleoutandisagoodcitizenandfriend.SocanyoufindawordtodescribeMr.Li?ItdisappearedRespectableappear,novel,regular,393)MissWanghaspublishedseveralbooks.Shelovesherjobwritingnovels.SowhatisMissWang’soccupation(职业)?4)Youcannotfindtheorderofthenumbersinagroupofmembers.Socanyoufindawordtodescribetheorderofthenumbers?irregularSheisanovelistappear,novel,regular,respect3)MissWanghaspublishedsev40

Attention!Usuallyaprefixwillchangethemeaningofword,whileasuffixwillchangethepartofspeechofaword.Attention!Usuallyaprefixw41Sometimesyoucanguesswhatawordmeansbylookingatitsprefixorsuffix.Lookattheexamplesandworkoutthemeanings.PrefixExampleMeaninganti-anti-cloning,anticanceragainst,opposedtodis-un-disappear,disagreeunfair,unwillingnot,apposedofin-il-im-ir-incorrect,incomparableillegal,illogicalimmoral,immodestirresponsible,irregularnot,withoutSometimesyoucanguesswhata42Prefix

Example

Meaning

pre-preview,preserveearly,beforepro-pro-cloninginfavourof,supportingre-recreate,repeat,renewagainSometimesyoucanguesswhatawordmeansbylookingatitsprefixorsuffix.Lookattheexamplesandworkoutthemeanings.PrefixExampleMeaningpre-pr43SomeothercommonlyusedprefixesPrefix

ExampleMeaning

non-notnon-smoker,non-alcoholic,non-profitinter-international,interaction,interruptbetweentele-telescope,telegram,telecommunicationfarofftrans-transport,translate,transnationalacrossmis-misunderstand,mislead,misdeedwrongsub-subtitle,subway,submarineunderover-overeat,overwork,overacttoomuchtri-triangle,tricycle,tricolorthreeauto-autobiography,autoalarm,automobileselfSomeothercommonlyusedprefi44Prefix

ExampleMeaning

-ablecomfortable,noticeableworthyof,abletobe-fulcheerful,thoughtfulfullof,characterizedby-istscientist,novelistsomeonewhodoessomething-lesshopeless,aimlesswithout-mentagreement,treatmentindicateastateorcondition-nessdryness,madnessindicateaquality,stateorcharacterPrefixExampleMeaning-ab45Someothercommonlyusedsuffixes-alcultural,national,originaloforconcerning-ioninvitation,competition,protectionactionorconditionof…stateofbeing,skill-shiphardship,scholarship,relationship-domfreedom,kingdom,conditionorstateof…ofthenatureof…-ishchildish,selfish-proofwaterproof,fireproof,soundproofprotectagainst-enwiden,sharpen,shortenmakeorbecome-wardeastward,homeward,backwardinthedirectionof-likewomanlike,childlikesimilartoSomeothercommonlyusedsuffi46Doyouthinkweshouldprotectnature?Completewhatanenvironmentalistissayingbelow.Usethewordsfromthebox.disrespect,hopeless,illegal,uncertain,understandableIthinkcuttingdowntreesshouldbemade(1)_______andtighterlawsshouldbeintroduced.Somanypeopleareshowingtheir(2)________fornature;theydon’tseemtocarethattheyaredestroyingtheenvironment.SometimesIthinkwearefightinga(3)________battleagainstpeoplewhojustwon’tlisten.Iknowscientistshaveworkedhardtoachievescientificbreakthroughbutit’s(4)___________whetherthey’llsucceedtotally.Although

it’s(5)_____________thattheywanttoadvancetechnology,Ithinksomethingsarebestleftthewaytheyare.illegaldisrespecthopelessuncertainunderstandableDoyouthinkweshouldprotect47大多数的前缀并不影响词的词性，而仅对词根的意义加以修饰，表示否定、相反、贬低、程度、时间、方位等意义。前缀前缀481.表示否定的前缀：un-non-in-dis-im-il-ir-unfair,unhappynonsmoker,nonbook(常用在n.adj.adv.前)inactive,inhuman,indirect(常用在adj.后)disagree,disappearimpolite,impossible(用在b,p,m开头的词前)illegalirreal,irregularⅠ.前缀：1.表示否定的前缀：un-unfair,unhappyno492.表示错误或失当的前缀:mis-misjudge,misdirect(误导)3.表示向背的前缀:pro-anti-pro-Chinese,pro-Americanantiwar,anti-Japanesewar2.表示错误或失当的前缀:mis-misjudge,504.表示程度、大小的前缀super-over-mini-under-semi-superstar,supermarket,superman,superpoweroverhead,overeat,overuseminibus,miniskirt,minicarunderground,underdevelopsemicircle,semiskilled,semisteel4.表示程度、大小的前缀super-superstar,s515.表示时间的前缀pre-post-fore-prewarpostwarforetell,forecast,foresee,weatherforcast6.表示方位的前缀：sub-inter-trans-subway,submarineinternational,intercity,interclasstranslate,transatlantic5.表示时间的前缀pre-prewarpostwarfore52Ⅱ后缀：不改