英语重点语法解析 that which

英语重点语法解析thatwhichDoyousometimeswonderwhethertousethatorwhichinasentence?Inmanycases,inBritishEnglish,bothwordsareequallycorrect.你是不是经常想要弄明白that和which在句中有什么区别?在英式英语中的一些使用场景中，这两个词都是正确的。/Sheheldoutthehandwhichwashurt./Sheheldoutthehandthatwashurt她伸出那只受伤的手。Inthesesentences,thatandwhichareintroducingwhat'sknownasarestrictiverelativeclause.Thisisaclausecontainingessentialinformationaboutthenounthatcomesbeforeit.Ifyouleaveoutthistypeofclause,themeaningofthesentenceisaffected-indeed,itwillprobablynotmakemuchsenseatalLRestrictiverelativeclausescanbeintroducedbythat,which,whose,who,orwhom.在上面两个句子中"hat和which用于连接限定性定语从句。限定性定语从句用于修饰主句中的某个名词性成分。如果去掉限定性定语从句,那么句子的含义将受到影响(如：句子将失去原有的意义)。限定性定语从句可由that,which,who,whom连接。Theothertypeofrelativeclauseisknownasanon-restrictiverelativeclause.Thiskindofclausecontainsextrainformationthatcouldbeleftoutofthesentencewithoutaffectingthemeaningorstructure.Non-restrictiveclausescanbeintroducedbywhich,whose,who,orwhom,butyoushouldneverusethattointroducethem.Forexample:另外一种定语从句是非限定性定语从句。非限定性定语从句包含附加的信息，去掉从句部分对主句的含义和结构不构成影响。非限定性定语从句的关系词可以为which,whose,who和whomo但不可以使用that来连接非限定性定语从句，例如：Alistofcontentswouldhavemadeiteasiertosteerthroughthebook,whichalsolacksamap.一个目录列表使得概览这本书更容易，但这本书仍然缺少一个示意图。Sheheldoutherhand,whichRobshook.她伸出了手，这只手之前被罗伯摇动过。Notethatanon-restrictiveclauseisprecededbyacomma(soastosetofftheextrainformation),whereasnocommashouldprecedearestrictiveclause（indicatingthattheinformationisessential,notextra）:注意,非限定性定语从句之前有一个逗号（从而引出附加的信息）,而限制性从句前没有逗号（说明从句信息是重要的，且不可以省略）：Iboughtanewdress,whichIwillbewearingtoJo'sparty,[non-restrictive]我买了一条新裙子，我将穿着它参加乔的派对。[非限定性定语从句]IwaswearingthedressthatIboughttoweartoJo'sparty,[restrictive]我买了一条新裙子并将穿着它参加乔的派对。[限定性定语从句]LastweekIwenttothetheatre.Ihadaverygoodseat.Theplaywasveryinteresting.Ididnotenjoyit.Ayoungmanandayoungwomanweresittingbehindme.Theyweretalkingloudly.Igotveryangry.Icouldnotheartheactors.Iturnedround.Ilookedatthemanandthewomanangrily.Theydidnotpayanyattention.Intheend,Icouldnotbearit.Iturnedroundagain.‘Ican'thearaword!7Isaidangrily."Ifsnoneofyourbusiness,'theyoungmansaidrudely.Thisisaprivateconversation!7Notesonthetext课文注释gotothetheatre,去看戏。gotangry,生气。turnround,转身,也可用turnaroundopayattention,注意。Icouldnotbearit.我无法忍受。其中的it是指上文中的那对男女大声说话又不理会作者的愤怒目光。noneofyourbusiness,不关你的事。参考译文：上星期我去看戏。我的座位很好，戏很有意思，