2021年度中考英语知识点总结

中考英语知识点总结初一年级（上）【知识梳理】I.重点短语SitdownondutyinEnglishhaveaseatathomelooklikelookathavealookcomeonatworkatschoolputonlookaftergetupgoshoppingII.重要句型helpsb.dosth.Whatabout...?Lefsdosth.It'stimetodosth.It'stimefor...What's...?Itis.../It's...Whereis…?It's….Howoldareyou?Fm….Whatclassareyouin?I'min.…Welcomet〇.…What's...plus…？It's.…1think...Who'sthis?Thisis....Whatcanyousee?Icansee….Thereis(are)....Whatcolourisit(arethey)?Ifs(They're)…Whose...isthis?It's....Whattimeisit?lt's.….交际用语Goodmorning,Miss/Mr....Hello!Hi!Nicetomeetyou.Nicetomeetyou,too.Howareyou?I'mfine,thankyou/thanks.Andyou?Seeyou.Seeyoulater.Thankyou!You'rewelcome.Goodbye!Bye!What'syourname?Mynameis....Hereyouare.Thisway,please.Who'sondutytoday?Let'sdo.Letmesee..重要语法.动词be用法;.人称代词和物主代词用法;.名词单复数和所有格用法;.冠词基本用法;.Therebe句型用法。【名师解说】l.in/on在表达空间位置时,in表达在某个空间范畴以内,on表达在某ー种物体表面之上。例如:Thereisabirdinthetree.树上有只鸟。Thereisapictureonthewall.墙上有张图。this/that/these/those(l)this常惯用来指在时间、地点上更接近发言人人和事,these是this复数形式。that常惯用来指在时间、地点上离发言人更远一点人和事，those时that复数形式。例如:YoulookinthisboxandI*IIlookinthatoneoverthere.你看看这个盒子,我去看那边那个盒子。Iwantthiscar,notthatcar.我想要这辆小汽车,不是那ー辆。Takethesebookstohisroom,please.请把这些书拿到她房间去。Thisismine；that*syours.这个是我,那个是你。Theseareapples；thoseareoranges.这些是苹果,那些是橘子。(2)在打电话用语中,this经常指是我,that经常指是对方。例如:ThisisMaryspeaking.Who'sthat?我是玛丽。你是谁?Therebe/haveTherebe”有”,其确切含意为”某处或某时存在某人或某物。”其构造是:Therebe+某人或某物+表达地点或时间状语。Therebe背面名词事实上是主语,be动词形式要和主语在数上保持一致,be动词背面名词是单数或不可数名词时用is,名词是复数时用are。例如:(1)Thereisabigbottleofcokeonthetable.桌上有一大瓶子可乐。Thereisadollinthebox.那个盒子里有个娃娃。Therearemanyapplesonthetree.那树上有许多苹果。总之,Therebe构造强调是ー种客观存在”有”。have表达”拥有,占有,具备”,即：某人有某物(sb.have/hassth.)。主语普通是名词或代词,与主语是所属关系。例如:Ihavetwobrothersandonesister.我有两个兄弟，一种姐姐。Thathousehasfourrooms.那所房子有四个房间。look/see/watch(l)look表达“看、瞧”,着重指认真看,强调看动作,表达故意识地注意看,但不一定看到,以提示对方注意。,如:Look!Thechildrenareplayingcomputergames.瞧!孩子们在玩电脑游戏。Look!What'sthatoverthere?看!那边那个是什么?单独使用是不及物动词,如强调看某人/物,其后接介词at,オ干带宾语,如：He*slookingatme〇她正在看着我。(2)see强调“看”成果,着重是look这个动作成果,意思是“看到”，see是及物动词,背面能直接跟宾语。如:Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?你能在图上看到什么?Lookattheblackboard.Whatdidyouseeonit?看黑板!你看至リ了什么?(3)watch”观看,注视”,侧重于场面,表达全神贯注地观看、观测或注视某事务活动,强调过程,惯用于“看电视、看足球、看表演”等。如:YesterdaywewatchedafootballmatchonTV.昨天咱们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。puton//inputon意为“穿上,戴上”。重要指“穿上”这ー动作,背面接表达服装、鞋帽名词。in是介词,表达“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如:It,scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.外面冷,穿上你外衣。Heputsonhishatandgoesout.她戴上帽子，走了出去。ThewomaninawhiteblouseisJohn'smother.穿白色衬衣那个妇女是John妈妈。house/home/familyhouse：“房子”,指居住建筑物;Home：“家”,指ー种人同家人共同经常居住地方;Family："家庭"，"家庭成员”。例如:Pleasecometomyhousethisafternoon.今天下午请到我家来。Heisnotathome.她不在家。Myfamilyallgetupearly.咱们全家都起得很早。fine,nice,good,well四者都可用作形容词表达“好”之意,但前三者既可作表语又可作定语,而后者仅用作表语。重要区别在于:(1)fine指物时表达是质量上”精细”,形容人时表达是“身体健康”,也可以用来指"天气晴朗”。例如:Yourparentsareveryfine.你父母身体很健康。That'safinemachine.那是一台较好机器It'safinedayforawalktoday.今天是散步好时候。(2)nice重要侧重于人或物外表,有“美好”，”美丽”意思,也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如:Lucylooksnice,露西看上去很美丽。Thesecoatsareverynice.那些裙子较好看。Nicetomeetyou.见到你很高兴。It'sveryniceofyou.你真好。(3)good形容人时指”品德好”,形容物时指”质量好”,是表达人或物各方面都好普通用语。例如:Hersonisagoodstudent.她儿子是ー种好学生。Theredcarisverygood.那辆红色小汽车较好。（4）wel!只可用来形容人"身体好”,但不能作定语,它也能用作副词作状语,多放在所修饰动词之后。例如:I'mverywell,thanks.我身体较好,谢谢。Myfriendssingwell.我朋友们歌唱得好。【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元重要集中在:.动词be用法;.人称代词和物主代词用法;.名词单复数和所有格用法;.冠词基本用法;.Therebe句型用法。.本单元学过词汇、短语和句型；.本单元学过寻常交际用语。考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空、完毕句子。【中考范例】.（北京市中考试题）Mary,pleaseshowyourpicture.A.myB.mineC.ID.me【解析】答案:D。该题考查是人称代词和物主代词用法。本题中动词show背面跟双宾语,空白处应填入人称代词宾格me作宾语。.（上海市徐汇区中考试题）orangeonthedeskisforyou,Mike.A.AB.AnC./D.The【解析】答案：D。该题考查是冠词基本用法。由于是特指课桌上那个橘子,因此用定冠词the..（哈尔滨市中考试题）・-Whatthenumberofthegirlsinyourclass? Abouttwenty.A.isB.amC.areD.be【解析】答案:Ao该题考査是动词be用法和主谓一致。thenumber作主语,应当是单数第三人称,动词be变为is。4.（陕西省中考试题）ThereafootballmatchonTVthisevening.A.willhaveB.isgoingtobeC.hasD.isgoingtohave【解析】答案:Bo该题考查是Therebe…句型和动词have用法区别。Therebe句型自身就表达“在某个地方存在某个人或物”,不能和动词have混在ー起用。初一年级（下）【知识梳理】I.重点短语abottleofalittlealot（of）alldaybefrombeovercomebackcomefromdoone'shomeworkdotheshoppinggetdowngethomegettogetupgoshoppinghaveadrinkofhavealookhavebreakfasthavelunchhavesupperlistentonot...atallput...awaytakeoffthrowitlikethatwouldlikeinthemiddleofthedayinthemorning/afternoon/eveningonafarminafactoryII.重要句型Letsb.dosth.Couldsb.dosth.?wouldlikesth.wouldliketodosth.Whataboutsomethingtoeat?Howdoyouspell...?MayIborrow...?III.交际用语—Thanksverymuch!一You'rewelcome.Putit/themaway.What'swrong?4.1thinkso.Idon'tthinkso.5.1wanttotakesomebookstotheclassroom.6.Givemeabottleoforangejuice,please.Pleasegiveit/thembacktomorrow.OK.What'syourfavouritesport?Don'tworry..Tm(not)goodatbasketball.Doyouwantago?That'sright./That'sallright./Allright.Doyouhaveadictionary/anydictionaries?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.We/TheyhavesomeCDs.We/Theydon'thaveanyCDs.•一Whatdayisittoday/tomorrow?—It'sMonday.■■-MayIborrowyourcolourpens，please?—Certainly.Hereyouare.・・・Whereareyoufrom?一FromBeijing.WhafsyourtelephonenumberinNewYork?—Doyoulikehotdogs?---Yes,Ido.(Alittle./Alot./Verymuch.)--No,Idon't.(Idon'tlikethematall.)—Whatdoesyourmotherlike?-Shelikesdumplingsandvegetablesverymuch.・・・Whendoyougotoschooleveryday?—Igotoschoolat7:00everyday.・・・Whattimedoeshegotobedintheevening?一Hegoestobedat10:00.IV.重要语法.人称代词用法;.祈使句;.当前进行时构成和用法;.动词have用法;.普通当前时构成和用法；.可数名词和不可数名词构成和用法【名师解说】That*sright./That'sallright./Allright.Tharsright意为“对”,表达赞同对方意见、看法或行为,必定对方答案或判断。例如:"Ithinkwemusthelptheoldman.""我想咱们应当协助这位老人。""That'sright」或"You'rerigE.""说得对"。That'sailright.意为“不用谢”、“没关系”,用来回答对方道谢或道歉。例如:"Manythanks.""That'sallright.""Sorry.It'sbroken.""That'sallright."Allright.意为“行了”、“可以”,表达批准对方建议或规定。有时还可以表达“身体较好”"PleasetellmeaboutiL""请把此事告诉我。""Allright""好吧。"Isyourmotherallright?你妈身体好吗make/do这两个词都可以解释为“做”,但含义却不同,不能混用。make指做东西或制东西,do指做一件详细事。Canyoumakeapaperboatforme?你能为我做个纸船吗?He,sdoinghishomeworknow.她正在做她作业。say/speak/talk/tellsay：是最口语化最普通一种词,意为“说出”、“说道”，着重所说话。如：“Iwanttogotherebybus”，hesaid,她说，“我要坐汽车到那里去。”PleasesayitinEnglish.请用英语说。speak:“说话”，着重开口发声,不着重所说内容，普通用作不及物动词（即背面不能直接接宾语）〇如:Canyouspeakabouthim?你能不能说说她状况?Idon*tliketospeaklikethis.我不喜欢这样说话。speak作及物动词解时,只能和某种语言等连用,表达在对话中恰当使用词汇能力。如：ShespeaksEnglishwell.她英语说得好。talk：与speak意义相近，也着重说话动作，而不着重所说话，因而，普通也只用作不及物动词，但是，talk暗示话是对某人说,有较强对话意味，着重指持续地和别人谈话。如:Iwouldliketotalktohimaboutit.我想跟她谈那件事。Oldwomenliketotalkwithchildren.老年妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈。tell：“告诉”,除较少状况外,普通背面总接双宾语。如:He'stellingmeastory.她在给我讲故事。tellalie撒谎tellsb.todosth./tellsb.nottodosth如:.MissZhaooftentellsustostudyhard.docooking/dothecookingdocooking作“做饭”解,属泛指。dothecooking特指某ー顿饭或某ー家人饭。cooking为动名词，不能用作复数,但前面可用some,much修饰。从dosomecooking可引出许多类似短语:dosomewashing洗些衣服dosomeshopping买些东西dosomereading读书dosomewriting写些东西dosomefishing钓鱼从以上短语可引申出另ー类短语,不能用some,much或定冠词。goshopping去买东西gofishing去钓鱼goboating去划船goswimming去游泳likedoingsth./liketodosth.likedoingsth.与liketodosth.意思相似,但用法有区别。前者强调普通性兴趣或者表达动作习惯性和经常性:日后表达一次性和偶尔性动作。例如:Helikesplayingfootball,buthedoesn'tliketoplayfootballwithLiMing.她喜欢踢足球，但是她不喜欢和李明踢。other/others/theother/anotherother表别的，别,如:Haveyouanyotherquestions?你尚有其她问题吗?others另リ人,另リ东西.如:IntheroomsomepeopleareAmerican,theothersareFrench.在屋ナ里某些人是美国人,其她是法国人。theother表另一种（两者之中）one…，theother…如:OneofmytwobrothersstudiesEnglish,theotherstudiesChinese.我两个哥哥中一种学习英文,另ー种学中文。another表三者以上另ー种，另某些如:Thereisroomforanotherfewbooksontheshelf.书架上还可以放点书。inthetree/onthetreeinthetree与onthetree.译成中文均为“在树上”但英语中有区别。inthetree表达某人、某事(不属于树自身生长出别东西)落在树上,表达树枝、叶、花、果等长在树上时,要使用onthetree.如:Therearesomeapplesonthetree.那棵树上有些苹果。Thereisabirdinthetree.那棵树上有只鸟。some/anysome和any既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。但有如下两点需要注意。(l)some惯用于必定句中,any惯用于否定句和疑问句中。如:Thereissomewaterintheglass.Isthereanywaterintheglass?Thereisn'tanywaterintheglass.(2)在说话者但愿得到必定答复普通疑问句中,或在表达祈求,邀请疑问句中,咱们依然用some〇如:Wouldyoulikesometea?tall/high(1)说人,动物,树木等有生命东西,重要用tall,不用high,例如atallwoman一种高个子妇女atallhorseー种高大马(2)说ー种不与地面接触人和物高时,要用high,而不用tall,例如人站在桌子上时,飞机飞上天时,例如:Heishighupinthetree.她高高地爬在树上。Theplaneissohighinthesky.飞机在空中这样高。(3)指建筑物、山时要tall或high都可以,但是high限度比tall高。(4)high可作副词,tall不能。(5)tall反义词为short,high反义词为low.10.can/couldcan表达体力和脑力方面能力,或依照客观条件能做某种动作”能力"。例如:Canyourideabike?你会骑自行车吗?WhatcanIdoforyou?要帮忙吗?Canyoumakeacake?你会做蛋糕吗?can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表达说话人"怀疑““猜测”或不必定。例如:Wherecanhebe?她会在什么地方呢?Canthenewsbetrue?这个消息会是真吗?Itsurelycan*tbesixo'clockalready?不也许已经六点钟了吧?Youcan'tbehungrysosoon,Tom,you'vejusthadlunch.汤姆,你不也许饿得这样快,你刚吃过午饭。Whatcanhemean?她会是什么意思?在寻常会话中,can可代替may表达”容许”,may比较正式。例如:Youcancomeinanytime.你随时都可以来。--CanIuseyourpen?我能用你钢笔吗?一Ofcourse,youcan.固然可以。Youcanhavemyseat,I'mgoingnow.我要走了,你坐我座位吧。couldcould是can过去式,表达过去有过能力和也许性（在否定和疑问句中）。例如:Thedoctorsaidhecouldhelphim.（能力）医生说她能协助她。Lilycouldswimwhenshewasfouryearsold.（能力）当丽丽四岁时候她就会游泳。Atthattimewethoughtthestorycouldbetrue.（也许性）那时咱们觉得所说也许是真。could可代替can表达当前时间动作,但语调较为婉转。例如:CouldIspeaktoJohn,please?我能和约翰说话吗?Couldyou?在口语中表达祈求对方做事。例如:Couldyouwaithalfanhour?请你等半个小时好吗?Couldyoupleaseringagainatsix?六点钟请你再打电话好吗?can形式只有当前式can和过去式could两种形式。能表达普通当前和普通过去两种时态,有时也能表达将来。所有其她时态（涉及将来时）须用beableto加动词不定式来表达。例如:TheyhavenotbeenabletocometoBeijing.她们没有能到北京来。lookfor/findlookfor意为“寻找”,而find意为“找到,发现丘前者强调“找”这ー动作,并不注重“找”成果,而后者则强调“找”成果。例如:Shecan'tfindherruler.她找不到她尺子啦。Tomislookingforhiswatch,buthecan'tfindit.汤姆正在寻找她手表,但没能找到。besleeping/beasleepbesleeping表达动作,意思是“正在睡觉"；beasleep表达状态,意思是“睡着了”。如:一Whatarethechildrendoingintheroom?孩子们在房间里做什么?--Theyaresleeping.她们正在睡觉。Thechildrenareasleepnow.当前孩子们睡着了。often/usually/sometimesoften表达"经常"，sometimes表达"有时候”,在表达发生频率上often要高于usually,usually要高于sometimes。这三个词表达是经常性,普通性动作或状况,常与普通当前时连用,常位于重要谓语动词前面,其她谓语动词（be动词,情态动词和助动词）背面,有时也可位于句尾。如果要加强语调,则放在句首。Weusuallyplaybasketballafterschool.咱们普通放学后打篮球。SometimesIgotobedearly.有时,我睡觉很早。HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.她经常在上午读英语。Howmuch/Howmanyhowmuch惯用来询问某ー商品价格，常用句式是Howmuchis/are…？Howmuchistheskirt?这条裙子多少钱?Howmucharethebananas?这些香蕉多少钱?howmuch后加不可数名词,表达数量,意为“多少“，howmany后加可数名词复数形式。Howmuchmeatdoyouwant?你要多少肉呀?Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?你们班有多少人?begoodfor/begoodto/begoodatbegoodfor表达"对有好处"，而bebadfor表达"对有害"；begoodto表达”对和谐",而bebadto表达"对不好"；begoodat表达"擅长,在方面做得好"，而bebadat表达"在方面做得不好”。如:Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼保健操对你眼睛有好处。Eatingtoomuchisbadforyouhealth.吃太多对你身体有害。MissLiisgoodtoallofus.李教师对咱们所有人都很和谐。Thebossisbadtohisworkers.这个老板对她工人不好。LiLeiisgoodatdrawing,butI'mbadatit.李雷擅长画画,但是我不擅长。each/everyeach和every均有“每ー种”意思,但含义和用法不相似。each从个体着眼,every从整体着眼。each可用于两者或两者以上,every只用于三者或三者以上。如:Weeachhaveanewbook.咱们每人各有一本新书。Therearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.街两旁有树。Hegetsupearlyeverymorning.每天上午她都起得早。each可以用作形容词、副词和代词;every只能用作形容词。如:Eachofthemhashisownduty.她们各人有各人义务。Theyeachwanttodosomethingdifferent.她们每个人都想做不同事情。17.普通当前时/当前进行时普通当前时表达经常性或习惯性动作或存在状态,也表达说话者能力,尚有自然现象;而当前进行时表达正在进行或发生动作（构成方式为am/is/are/+doing）oIdomyhomeworkintheevening.我在晚上做作业。!'mdoingmyhomeworknow.我当前正在做作业。当前进行时常与now,thesedays,atthemomentLook,listen等词连用;而普通当前时常与often,always,sometimes,usually,everyday,inthemorning,onMondays等连用。Weoftencleantheclassroomafterschool.咱们经常放学后打扫教室。Look!Theyarecleaningtheclassroom.看!她们正在打扫教室呢。【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元重要集中在：1.动词普通当前时和当前进行时用法,人称代词用法,可数名词和不可数名词构成和用法。2•本册书中常用交际用语3•本册书中某些重点词组和短语考试形式往往是单项填空、完形填空、短文改错和短文填空。【中考范例】.（安徽省中考试题）—Hurryup!We'reallwaitingforyou.-Iforanimportantphonecall.Gowithoutme.A.waitB.waswaitingC.amwaitingD.waited【解析】答案:C»表达当前正在进行动作,用当前进行时。.（长春市中考试题）Couldyouhelp withEnglish,please?A.I,myB.me,meC.me,myD.my,I【解析】答案:Co第一种空作宾语,应用人称代词宾格me,第二个空作定语,应用形容词性物主代词my。.（长春市中考试题）Dr.WhitecanFrenchverywell.A.speakB.talkC.sayD.tell【解析】答案：A»说什麽语言惯用动词speak。.（黄冈中考试题）Englishisspokenby_people.A.alotB.muchmanyC.alargenumberofD.agreatdealof【解析】答案：C«HWalargenumberof能用来修饰复数可数名词people。4.he,say,Beijing,big,beautiful,like,work,here初二年级（上）【知识梳理】I.重点短语ontimebestwishesgiveatalkforexampleshortforawasteoftimegoonafieldtripgofishingagreenextweekthedayaftertomorrowhaveapicnichavesomeproblemsdoingsth.gothewrongwayhurryupgettogetherintheopenaironMid-AutumnDaycomeoverhavetogethomeagreewithinthecountryintownallthesameinfrontofontheleft/rightsidenexttoupanddownkeephealthygrowupatthesametimethedaybeforeyesterdaylastSaturdayhalfanhouragoamomentagojustnowbythewayallthetimeatfirstII.重要句型havefundoingsth.Whydon'tyou...?We'regoingtodosth.startwithsth.Whynot...?Areyougoingto...?befriendlytosb.You'dbetterdosth.asksb.forsth.saygoodbyetosb.Goodluck(withsb)!交际用语.Welcomebacktoschool!.Excuseme.I'msorryI'mlate,becausethetrafficisbad.tdoesn'tmatter..HappyTeachers'Day!.That'sagoodidea..Whatareyougoingtodo?.Wherearewegoing?.Whatarewegoingtodo?9.1'mgoodat...0.It'snotfarfrom....Areyoufreetomorrowevening?.WouldyouandLilyliketocomeovertomyhomeforMid-AutumnFestival?I'mgladyoucancome..Thanksforaskingus..Howaboutanotherone?.MayIhaveataste?.Letmewalkwithyou..Whatdoyouhavetodo?.Doyouliveonafarm?.Whichdoyoulikebetter,thecityorthecountry?.Whichdoyoulikebest,dogs,catsorchickens?.Shallwegoatten?Goodidea!.--Let'smakeithalfpastone.—OK..—Whynotcomealittleearlier?—Allright..Excuseme.Where'sthenearestpostoffice,please?26.It'soverthereontheright.'msorryIdon'tknow.28.You'dbetter...29.Thankyouallthesame.30.WhichbusdoItake?3l.Goalongthisroad.32.Whatdaywasityesterday?33.I'msorrytohearthat.34.1hopeyou'rebetternow.35.Whydidyoucallme?36.1calledtotell...IV.重要语法.begoingto用法;.形容词比较级、最高档;.形容词和副词比较.普通过去时【名师解说】onthestreet/inthestreet表达“在街上”时,onthestreet和inthestreet都可以,在美国多用onthestreet,在英国多用inthestreet.例如:Wehaveahouseinthestreet.咱们在街上有座房子。Imethimonthestreet.我在街上碰见了她。wouldlike/likewouldlike和like含义不同。like意思是"喜欢"，“兴趣”,而wouldlike意思是"想要”。试比较:Ilikebeer.=I'mfondofbeer.我喜欢喝啤酒。I'dlikeaglassofbeer=1wantaglassofbeer.我想要一杯啤酒。Doyoulikegoingtothecinema?你喜欢看电影吗?Wouldyouliketogotothecinematonight?你今晚想去看电影吗?another/theother(l)another通惯用于三个或三个以上或不拟定数量中任意ー种人或物体。例如:May1haveanotherapple,please?请在给我ー种苹果好吗?Thiscoatistoosmallforme.Pleaseshowmeanother这件外套我穿太小,请再给我拿一件看看。(2)theother普通指两者中另ー种。例如:Hehastworulers.Oneisshort.Theotherislong.她有两把尺子，一把短,另一把长。Ihavetwobrothers.OneworksinXi'an.TheotherworksinBeijing,我有两个兄弟，ー种在西安エ作,另ー种在北京工作。haveto/must(l)haveto和must都可以用来谈论义务,但用法略有不同。如果某人主观上觉得必要去做而又想去时,惯用must。如果谈论某种来自“外界”义务,惯用haveto。例如:1muststopsmoking.我必要戒烟。(自己想戒烟)Theyhavetoworkfortheboss.她们不得不为那个老板工作。(条件逼得她们去工作)(2)haveto可用于各种时态,must只能用于普通当前时。例如:I'11havetogetupearlytomorrowmorning.明天上午我必要早早起床。Wehadtoworklonghourseverydayinordertogetmoremoney.为了多挣钱，咱们不得不每天长时间地工作。(3)用于否定句时,mustn't意思是“决不能”，“禁止”,而don'thaveto意思是“不必”，相称于needn'to例如:Youmustn'tbelateagainnexttime.下一次你决不能再迟到。Youdon'thavetogotheretoday.Youcangotheretomorrow.你今天不必到那里去了〇你可以明天去。hearsb.orsth.doingsth./herarsb.orsth.dosth.hearsb.orsth.doingsth.意思是“听到某人或某物在做某事”,而hearsb.orsth.dosth.意思“听到某人或某物做过某事”。试比较:IhearhimsinginganEnglishsong.听见她在唱英歌曲。IheardhimsinganEnglishsong.我听见她唱一首英文歌。类似hear这种用法尚有see,watch,listen,feel等感官动词。any/someany和some都可以同不可数名词和可数名词复数形式连用,但some普通用在必定句中;any用在疑问句和否定句中。试比较:Iwantsomemoney.我想要点钱。Haveyouanymoney?你有钱吗?1don'thaveanymoney.我ー点钱也没有。some有时也用于疑问句,表达说话人期待ー种必定回答或勉励人家说“是”。例如:Wouldyoulikesomemorebeer?请你再来点啤酒好吗?CouldIhavesomerice,please?请给我来点米饭好吗?hear/listentolistento和hear均有“听”意思,但含义有所不同。Listento强调“听”动作,hear强调“听”成果。例如:Listentome,please!I'mgoingtotellyouastory.请听我说!我给你们讲个故事。Listen!Canyouhearsomeonecryinginthenextroom?听!你能听见有人在隔壁房间里哭吗?Ilistened,butheardnothing.我听了听，但什么也听不见。hear背面如果接宾语从句,经常表达“据说”。例如:Ihearsomeforeignstudentswillvisitourschool.我据说某些外国学生将要访问咱们学校。Ihearthereisgoingtobeafilminourschoolthisevening.我据说今晚咱们学校要演ー场电影。Lefs.../Letus...Let,s-和Letus…都表达“让咱们……”,如果us涉及听话人在内,其含义相似,附带问句用shallwe.如果us不涉及听话人在内,其含义不同,Letus…附带问句要用willyou。例如:Let'sgoshopping,shallwe?咱们去购物好吗?take/bring/carry/get这四个动词均有“拿”和“带”意思,但含义有所不同。take意为“带走”，“拿走”，bring意为“带来”，“拿来”，get表达“到别地方把某人或某物带来或拿来”，carry不强调方向,带有负重意思。试比较:Myparentsoftentakemethereonholidays.我父母经常带我到那里去度假。rmgoingtotakeyoutoBeijing.我准备带你去北京。Bringmeacupoftea,please.请给我端杯茶来。r11bringthebooktoyoutomorrow.明天我把那本书给你带来。Thewaitercarriedthemetothetable服务员把肉送到桌上。Themonkeycarriedthebagonherback.猴子把那个包背在背上。Shewentbacktogetherhandbag.她折回去拿她手提包。Letmegetthedoctor.让我去请医生吧。10.faraway/faraway(l)faraway是ー种副词短语,意思是“很远”。例如:Somearefaraway.Somearenearer.有些离得很远，有些离得近某些。Thevillageisfarawayfromhere.那个村子离这儿很远。(2)faraway是ー种形容词,意思是“遥远”,可以在句中作定语。例如:Helivesinfarawaymountainvillage.她住在ー种遥远小山村。find/lookforfind和!ookfor均有“找”意思,但含义不同。find强调“找”成果,而lookfor强调“找”过程。请看下列例句:Heislookingforhisbike.她在找她自行车。!'mlookingformywatch,butcan*tfindit.我在找我手表，但是找不到。Ihopeyouwillsoonfindyourlostring.但愿你尽快找到丢失戒指。此外,find尚有“发现”；“感到”等意思。例如:Ifoundawalletinthedesk.我在课桌里发现了一种钱包。Ifindthisbookveryinteresting.我觉得这本书很故意思。infrontof/inthefrontofInfrontof表达在某物前面,不在某物范畴内。Inthefrontof表达在某物前部,在某物范畴内。试比较:MyseatisinfrontofMary's.我座位在玛丽座位前面。Heissittinginthefrontofthecarwiththedriver.她和司机坐在小车前部。【考点扫描】.begoingto用法:.形容词比较级、最高档;.形容词和副词比较.普通过去时.本单元学过词汇、短语和句型;.本单元学过寻常交际用语。【中考范例】.（烟台市中考试题）Intheexam,theyouare,themistakesyou5llmake.A.carefully,littleB.morecarefully,fewestC.morecareful,fewerD.morecareful,less【解析】答案:Co该题考查是形容词和副词比较以及她们比较级别用法。第一种空应填形容词careful比较级,由于它在句中作表语,第二个空应填few比较级,由于它修饰是复数可数名词。.（河北省中考试题）BobneverdoeshishomeworkMary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyD.ascarefulas【解析】答案:B»该题考查是形容词和副词用法比较。该空应填副词,由于它修饰是动词does〇该题用是notas+副词+as构造,因此答案应是B。.（重庆市中考试题）ThatdayIsawsomeparentsatthebackoftheclassroom,totheteacher.A.sitting,listenedB.sat,listenedC.sitting,listeningD.sat,listening【解析】答案:Co该题考查是seesb.doingsth.句型构造和分词作状语用法。第一种空stting在句中作saw宾语补足语,第二个空!istening做随着状语。.（杭州市中考试题）Youopenthedoorbeforethetraingetsintothestation.A.don'thavetoB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.maynot【解析】答案:B。该题考查是几种情态动词否定式用法区别。don'thaveto和needn't意思都是“不必”，maynot意思是“可以不”,只有mustn't表达“不许”，“禁止”。初二年级（中）【知识梳理】I.重点短语giveaconcertfalldowngoonattheendofgobackinahurrywritedowncomeoutalltheyearroundlateronattimesringsb.upHappyNewYear!haveapartyholdonhearfrombereadyatthemomenttakeoutthesameasturnoverget-togetherputon