【名师整理】2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解2：B、C字部

2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解

专题二B、C字部backgroundn.背景_於腰曲关联词组：educationbackground教育背景；familybackground家庭背景；backgroundmusic背景音乐用法：既可以指图画、舞台等的实体背景，也可以表示某个人的出身背景、学历等。（2019,江苏卷，短文填空）Ihadat48educationbackground.Iwenttopublicschools,receivednormal（常规的）educationandwasrequiredtofollowr49likeeveryotherstudent..basicadj.基本的，基础的厉刃曲关联词组：basicinformation基本信息词性转换：basisn.基础；basicallyadv.基本上，主要地2019，北京卷，阅读D）32.Theword"collapse"inParagraph5probablymeans“AasuddenfailureB.thebasicruleC.adisappointingstartD.thegradualdevelopmentC.adisappointingstartbeat工EHSvt.敲打；打败；vi.跳动；n.节拍词形变化：过去式beat；过去分词beaten关联词组：beatthedrum打鼓；bebeatenbysb.被某人打了；输给了某人（2019，湖南卷，语篇翻译）Doyouenjoyhittingthebooks?Itdoesn'tmeanyouenjoybeatingyourbookswithyourhand.begin农曲v开始，着手词形变化：过去式began；过去分词begun；现在分词beginning关联词组：beginwith以……开始，开始于……用法：begindoingsth.和begintodosth.都表示“开始做某事“，它们的区别：Qbegindoing强调事情的持续性。例如：Hebegansmokingthreeyearsago.他三年前开始抽烟（强调一种持续的习惯）。Qbegintodo表示一件事情的开端，持续与否不重要。例如：It'sbeginningtorain,we'dbetterhurryup.开始下雨了，我们最好快点。同义词：start词性转换：beginningn.起初，开始：inthebeginning=atfirst起初，开始；atthebeginningof...在的开头；frombeginningtoend从开始到结束头；frombeginningtoend从开始到结束（2019，浙江卷，完形）Ibeganmakingnewfriends.Idevelopedmyown___23___andneveragainfollowedthecrowd.A.skillsB.habitsC.projectsD.opinionsbehaviour_£i^£2）n._£i^£2）n.行为，举止美式拼写：behavior关联词组：good/badbehaviour良好/恶劣行为词性转换：behavev.表现，举止（2019，湖南卷，阅读A）49．AccordingtoPatrick,whatismoreimportant?A．Managingschoolsbyuniforms.B．Improvingstudents'behaviors.C.Helpingstudentsexpressthemselvesconfidently.6.believe6.believe关联词组：believeitornot信不信由你；itis（widely）believedthat…人们（普遍）认为用法：Qbelieve是状态动词，通常不用于进行时态。Qbelievesb.相信某人说的话；believeinsb.相信某人的人品；believeinsth.信仰；believe还可以接that或者wh-从句。Q可以用Ibelieveso或Ibelievenot作为对问题的肯定或否定回答。（2019，山东卷，单项填空）20.Arecentsurveyshowsthat44percentofAmericanswanttouseself-drivingcars,34percentbelievethattheywillmaketheroadsmoredangerous.A.althoughB.becauseC.if7.besideprep.在旁边，靠近近义词：near，nextto易混单词：besidesprep.除以外（还有）；adv.此外，而且（2019，江苏卷，阅读表达）Igoforlongrunsandbikeridesbesidethebeach.Anhourofexerciseafteralongdayofwritinggivesmeenergy.（2019，浙江卷，完形）Mrs.Chaplinmanagedto___1___herchildren,herownwiththemoneyshemadeasasinger.2,theireconomic（经济的）situationchangedwhenshebecameillwithlaryngitis（喉炎）in1894.1.A.supportB.leaveC.ask2.A.Although8.beyond义B.So1.A.supportB.leaveC.ask2.A.Although8.beyond义B.SoC.However（表示位置）在……的那边D.faceD.BesidesIB闕蹲I关联词组：beyondreach够不着用法：beyond通常用作介词用，表示位置，意思是“在……的那一边；在……之外；在更远处”。例如:Whatliesbeyondthemountains?山的那一边有什么？Theseaisbeyondthathill.大海在山的那边。EK?勖（2019，江苏卷，完形）WhyisSongHeLousospecial___14___hundredsofrestaurants?A.betweenB.againstC.amongD.beyond9.birth关联词组：givebirthto生下；date/yearofbirth出生日期/年份；placeofbirth出生地关联词汇：birthdayn.生日；born：bebornin/on出生于某年/某天；be动词要求使用过去式形式。（2019，江苏卷，阅读B）AccordingtoParagraph1,cakesandice-creamarementionedtodescribe.A.thebirthofchickensB.thedifferencebetweenthemC.theuseofeggsD.thewayofkeepingthemC.theuseofeggs10.blind■词性词宣adj.瞎的，失明的；盲目的关联词组：10.blind■词性词宣adj.瞎的，失明的；盲目的关联词组：go/becomeblind眼瞎，失明；colourblind色盲；blinddate相亲词性转换：blindlyadv.盲目地；blindnessn.失明，盲目（2019，湖北卷，完形）Ablindmanhasnoideaofdayandnight,can'tAblindmanhasnoideaofdayandnight,can't44thebeautyofnature,orevendoesn'tknowwhatthelightis.44.A.hearB.enjoyC.touchD.play11.blow词形变化：过去式blew,过去分词blown关联词组：blowup爆炸；blowoff吹落，吹掉；blowout吹灭，吹熄；blowdown吹倒（2019，山东卷，阅读（2019，山东卷，阅读C）Also,winddoesn'tblowallthetime,sowecan'tusewindpowerallthetime.12.borrow关联词组：borrowsthfromsb.向某人借某物反义词：lendv.借出，借给：lendsth.tosb=lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人EL筈曲（2019，山东卷，阅读表达）Couldyouhelpmepickoutsomenewclothes?WouldyoumindifIborrowedyourbike?CanyoulookaftermyapartmentwhileI'maway?

13.break词性词宣v.打破（断、碎）；损坏；违背词形变化：过去式13.break词性词宣v.打破（断、碎）；损坏；违背词形变化：过去式broke,过去分词broken关联词组：breakone'sarm/leg摔断胳膊/腿；breakthelaw违法；breakdown分解，发生故障；breakup打碎,分手（withsb.）；breakinto破门而入；breakoff折断熟词僻义：breakn.间歇，休息；中断：take/haveabreak休息一下（2019，山东卷，动词应用）ThepolicesaidthatbothLiuandRanhadbrokencriminallawbyseriouslyendangering（危及）publicsafety.14.breath关联词组:outofbreath喘不上气；takeadeepbreath深呼吸；holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸；takeone'sbreathaway使人大吃一惊，令人叹绝词性转换：breathev.呼吸breathlessadj.上气不接下气的EE■籃烧（2019,浙江卷，语法填空）Ashecoughedandstruggledtobreathe,hejumpedupand56,screaming:“Ah!Ah!Ah!”build词形变化：过去式built,过去分词built关联词组：buildup增进，加强名词：buildingn.建筑物，房屋，大楼EK?勖（2019，北京卷，完形）Andmomentsoffailurelikethisbuild___20___—sincethenI'velearnedtofacedisappointmentandgrownstronger.20.A.trustB.prideC.characterD.support16.burn词形变化：过去式burned或burnt，过去分词burned或burnt关联词组：burnout烧尽，燃尽（2019，浙江卷，语法填空）However,assoonashestartedeating,hismouthbegan54（burn）,hiseyesbegantowater,andhiswholefacebecameasred55thefruit.17.business关联词组：businesscard名片；dobusiness做生意；noneofone'sbusiness不归某人管，与某人无关关联单词：businessman/businesswomann.做生意的人，商人

2019，浙江卷，语法填空）Allofushave59(spend)moneyandtimeonsomething—maybearelationship,orabusiness,orajob一andsometimes,evenifweknowthere'snohopethatthingswillchange,westillcontinuewithit.call(给)打电话；称呼；叫；n.电话；呼叫关联词组：Q动词短语：callfor要求，需要；提倡；calloff=cancel取消；callback回电；叫回，收回；callup打电话;召集；征召(入伍)callon/upon呼吁，号召；拜访Q名词短语：makea(telephone)call打电话；givesb.acall给某人打电话(2019年，浙江卷，词汇运用)Lydiarunsandpicksuprubbishalongtheway.Whatshedoesiscalled"plogging",anactivitycombiningcollectingrubbishwithrunningcancel关联词组：cancelbutton取消按钮词形变化：过去式canceled或cancelled,过去分词canceled或cancelled,过去分词canceling或cancelling近义词：calloff易混单词：cancern.癌症（2019年，江苏卷，词汇运用）37.-Theplanforsummerstudytripmaybe(cancel).-Really?I'mlookingforwardtoit.词性词宣capital词性词宣n.首都，省会；资本；大写字母；adj.首都的，省会的；资本的；大写的关联词组：capitalcity省会城市；capitalletter大写字母易混单词：captainn.船长，队长；（海军）上校（2019年，山东卷，单项填空）BerliniscapitalofGermany.A./B.aC.theA./B.aC.the21.carefulQBecareful!用作祈使句，意思是“小心！”，表示提醒Qbecarefulof（abou表示“当心，留意”Qbecarefulwith表示做某事很小心或仔细词性转换：carefullyadv.小心地，仔细地；carefulnessn.小心，仔细；carev.在乎；关心反义词：carelessadj.粗心大意的；漫不经心的（2019年，山东卷，动词应用）

Thehostusuallymakesfull14bycarefullytidyingupthehouseand15alotofdeliciousdishes.14A.plansB.decisionsC.preparations15.A.enjoyingB.cookingC.washing22.catch词形变化：过去式caught,过去分词caught关联词组：catchup（with）赶上，追上；catchacold感冒了；catchfire着火；catchone'sbreath喘气（2019年，江苏卷，单项填空）6.“Putonyourcoat,youwillcatchacold!"Thisiswhatmymumoftensaystome.A.andB.butC.orD.so23.cause关联词组：causetrouble惹麻烦用法：causesb./sth.todosth.使得做某事；常用语被动语态：sth.iscausedby...某事是由引起的g価（2019年,江苏卷，动词应用）Theaccident_69（cause）byafightbetweenthedriverandapassenger,killingall15peopleonthebus.24.celebrate关联词组：celebrateChristmas庆祝圣诞节词性转换：celebrationn.庆祝，庆典EE■籃烧（2019年，江苏卷，单项填空）38.Iplantogoabroadtocelebratemytwentiethbirthdayin（八月）•centre美式拼写：center关联词组：shoppingcentre购物中心；inthecentreof.处于……的中心词性转换：centraladj.中心的，中枢的EK?勖（2019年，浙江卷，阅读B）30.Howcanwedotrampoliningsafely?A.Buyanexpensivetrampoline.B.Jumpinthecenterofatrampoline.C.Chooseatrampolinewithoutanet.D.Loseweightbe