考研考博-英语-宝鸡文理学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宝鸡文理学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Ifyouneedanextrabedforyourguest,youcanuse（）

问题1选项

A.oneofours

B.oneofus

C.oneofour

D.oneofour's

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：假如你需要一张多的床给你的客人,

你可以使用我们的。这里的ours是名词性物主代词,

指代“床”,

表达为ours,

选项D表达错误,

所以本题选A。

2.翻译题

中国政府承诺将通过引进区域气候改善项目，关闭小煤窑和发电厂以及继续对商业排放进行实验的举措，来进一步实现绿色环保的目标。在中央及各地方政府的努力下，2008年中国在节能减排方面取得一定成效。2月份国家统计局的年度报告显示，2008年中国的能耗下降了4.59%，略高于统计局之前降幅约4.21%的估计。但是数据显示两大污染物SO2和COD同2005年的水平相比，分别下降了7%和5%。根据十一五计划，到2010年，工业用水的需求量将比2005年下降20%，而森林覆盖率将占到全国面积的20%，比2005年上涨18.2%。

【答案】【参考译文】TheChinesegovernmentpromisestofurtherachievethegoalofgreenandenvironmentalprotectionthroughintroducingprojectsforimprovingregionalclimate,shuttingdownsmallcoalminesandpowerplantsandalsocontinuingtoexperimentwithcommercialemissions.Undertheeffortsofthecentralandlocalgovernments,Chinahasmadecertainachievementsintheaspectofenergyconservationandemissionsreductionin2008.TheannualreportmadebytheNationalBureauofStatisticsinFebruaryshowedthatChina’senergyconsumptiondroppedby4.59%in2008,slightlyhigherthanthedeclineofabout4.21%previouslyestimatedbytheNationalBureauofStatistics.ButthedataindicatedthattheemissionamountofthetwomajorpollutantsSO2andCODfellby7%and5%respectivelycomparedwiththosein2005.Accordingtothe11thfive-yearplan,by2010,thedemandforindustrialwaterwillbe20%lowerthanthatin2005,buttherateofforestcoveragewillaccountfor20%ofthenationalterritoryarea,rising18.2%thanthatin2005.

3.单选题

Inthatmoviean（）spacecrafthoveredthecityforashotwhilebeforeitvanishedinthedistance.

问题1选项

A.alien

B.animated

C.allergic

D.ambiguous

【答案】A

【解析】alien外国的,外星人的；animated活生生,活泼的；allergic对...过敏的；ambiguous模糊不清的。句意：电影中一艘外星人的飞船在城市上空盘旋了一会儿,然后消失在远处。选项A符合句意。

4.单选题

Growth,reproduction,anddailymetabolismallrequireanorganismtoexpendenergy.Theexpenditureofenergyisessentiallyaprocessofbudgeting,justasfinancesarebudgeted.Ifallofone'smoneyisspentonclothes,theremaybenonelefttobuyfoodorgotothemovies.Similarly,aplantoranimalcannotsquanderallitsenergyongrowingabigbodyifnonewouldbeleftoverforreproduction,forthisisthesurestwaytoextinction.

Allorganisms,therefore,allocateenergytogrowth,reproduction,maintenance,andstorage.Nochoiceisinvolved;thisallocationcomesaspartofthegeneticpackagefromtheparents.Maintenanceforagivenbodydesignofanorganismisrelativelyconstant.Storageisimportant,butultimatelythatenergywillbeusedformaintenance,reproduction,orgrowth.Thereforetheprincipaldifferencesinenergyallocationarelikelytobebetweengrowthandreproduction.

Almostallofanorganism'senergycanbedivertedtoreproduction,withverylittleallocatedtobuildingthebody.Organismsatthisextremeare"opportunists".Attheotherextremeare"competitors",almostallofwhoseresourcesareinvestedinbuildingahugebody,withabareminimumallocatedtoreproduction.

Dandelionsaregoodexamplesofopportunists.Theirseedheadsraisedjusthighenoughabovethegroundtocatchthewind,theplantsarenobiggerthantheyneedbe,theirstemsarehollow,andalltherigiditycomesfromtheirwatercontent.Thus,aminimuminvestmenthasbeenmadeinthebodythatbecomesaplatformforseeddispersal.Theseveryshort-livedplantsreproduceprolifically;thatistosaytheyprovideaconstantrainofseedintheneighborhoodofparentplants.Anewplantwillspringupwhereveraseedfallsonasuitablesoilsurface,butbecausetheydonotbuildbigbodies,theycannotcompetewithotherplantsforspace,water,orsunlight.Theseplantsaretermedopportunistsbecausetheyrelyontheirseeds,fallingintosettingswherecompetingplantshavebeenremovedbynaturalprocesses,suchasalonganerodingriverbank,onlandslips,orwhereatreefallsandcreatesagapintheforestcanopy.

Opportunistsmustconstantlyinvadenewareastocompensateforbeing*displacedbymorecompetitivespecies.Humanlandscapesoflawns,fields,orflowerbedsprovidesettingswithbaresoilandalackofcompetitorsthatareperfecthabitatsforcolonizationbyopportunists.Hence,manyofthestronglyopportunisticplantsarethecommonweedsoffieldsandgardens.

Becauseeachindividualisshort-lived,thepopulationofanopportunistspeciesislikelytobeadverselyaffectedbydrought,badwinters,orfloods.Iftheirpopulationistrackedthroughtime,itwillbeseentobeparticularlyunstable—soaringandplummetinginirregularcycles.

Theoppositeofanopportunistisacompetitor.Theseorganismstendtohavebigbodies,arelong-lived,andspendrelativelylittleefforteachyearonreproduction.Anoaktreeisagoodexampleofacompetitor.Amassiveoakclaimsitsgroundfor200yearsormore,outcompetingallotherwould-becanopytreesbycastingadenseshadeanddrawingupanyfreewaterinthesoil.Theleavesofanoaktreetastefoulbecausetheyarerichintannins,achemicalthatrendersthemdistastefulorindigestibletomanyorganisms.Thetanninsarepartofthedefensemechanismthatisessentialtolongevity.Althoughoaksproducethousandsofacorns,theinvestmentinacropofacornsissmallcomparedwiththeenergyspentonbuildingleaves,trunk,androots.Onceanoaktreebecomesestablished,itislikelytosurviveminorcyclesofdroughtandevenfire.Apopulationofoaksislikelytoberelativelystablethroughtime,anditssurvivalislikelytodependmoreonitsabilitytowithstandthepressuresofcompetitionorpredationthanonitsabilitytotakeadvantageofchanceevents.Itshouldbenoted,however,thatthepureopportunistorpurecompetitorisrareinnature,asmostspeciesfallbetweentheextremesofacontinuum,exhibitingablendofsomeopportunisticandsomecompetitivecharacteristics.

1.Theword"squander"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（）

2.Accordingtothepassage,theclassificationoforganismsas"opportunists"or"competitors"isdeterminedby（）

3.AllofthefollowingarementionedinParagraph7ascontributionstothelongevityofoaktreesEXCEPT（）

4.Accordingtothepassage,oaktreesareconsideredascompetitorsbecause（）

5.InParagraph7,theauthorsuggeststhatmostspeciesoforganisms（）

问题1选项

A.extend

B.transform

C.activate

D.waste

问题2选项

A.howthegeneticinformationofanorganismisstoredandmaintained

B.thewayinwhichtheorganisminvestsitsenergyresources

C.whethertheclimateinwhichtheorganismlivesismildorextreme

D.thevarietyofnaturalresourcestheorganismconsumesinitsenvironment

问题3选项

A.thecapacitytocreateshade

B.leavescontainingtannin

C.theabilitytowithstandmilddroughtsandfires

D.thelargenumberofacornsthetreeproduces

问题4选项

A.theygrowintheareasfreeofopportunities

B.theyspendmoreenergyontheirleaves,trunksandrootsthanontheiracorns

C.theirpopulationtendstoincreaseordecreaseirregularcycles

D.unlikeotherorganisms,theydonotneedmuchwaterorsunlight

问题5选项

A.areprimarilyopportunists

B.areprimarilycompetitors

C.beganasopportunistsandevolvedintocompetitors

D.havesomecharacteristicsofopportunistsandsomeofcompetitors

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:词汇推断题。根据第一段的内容，生长、繁殖和日常代谢都需要生物体消耗能量。这里的squander应该与expend“消耗，浪费"意思相近。选项D正确。

第2题:信息推断题。根据第三段的内容可知，"opportunists（机会主义者）"几乎所有的能量都用于繁殖，而用于生长的能量却很少。"竞争者（competitors）"几乎将其所有的能量都用于生长一个庞大的身躯，而只有极少部分的能量用于繁殖。由此可知，两者的区别在于生物体分配能量的方式不同，选项B符合原文。

第3题:事实细节题。根据最后一段的内容可知选项A，B，C在文中均有对应信息。选项D与题干意义不符。

第4题:信息推断题。根据第七段的"...theinvestmentinacropofacornsissmallcomparedwiththeenergyspentonbuildingleaves,trunk,androots"橡树将其能量大多用于构建其树叶、树干和树根上，而不是其种子上。这与第三段提到的竞争者的定义相同，所以选项B正确。

第5题:细节推断题。根据第七段的最后一句“...thepureopportunistorpurecompetitorisrareinnature,asmostspeciesfallbetweentheextremesofacontinuum,exhibitingablendofsomeopportunisticandsomecompetitivecharacteristics.”单纯的机会主义者或竞争者在自然界中是很少见的，大多数的物种都处于这两个极端组成的区域中，显现出兼有二者的一些特征。选项D符合原文。

5.单选题

II.LegalHistory

ThereisalargelyforgottenstorytobetoldofU.S.legalimperialisminChina,despiteChina’slocationfaroutsideofAmerica’sterritorialborders.Thestory’sprotagonistisaratherarcanesoundinglegaldoctrine,extraterritorialjurisdiction.Exclusiveterritorialjurisdictionisoneofthedefiningfeaturesofthesovereigntyofthemodernnation-state.Withlimitedexceptions,itiswhereapersonisthatdetermineswhatlawappliestohimorher.However,whenastateassertsextraterritorialjurisdiction,itclaimstherighttoapplyitslawsbeyondthebordersofitsterritory.

Toanticipatethestory,theextraordinarytreatythatlaidthefoundationforAmericanextraterritorialitywasnegotiatedbyCalebCushing,thefirstAmericanministertoChinaaswellasaMassachusettscongressman,alawyer,andafutureattorneygeneraloftheUnitedStates.CushingwaschargedbyPresidentJohnTylerwiththepre-textualmissionofgoingtoPekingtoinquireaftertheemperor’shealthandtocarryoutthepresident’swishesforhislongevity.BackedbyhisownlittlearmadaaswellasthepresenceoftheU.S.navalforcesinthePacific,CushingpersuadedtheQingEmpiretoenterintoaTreatyofPeace,Amity,andCommercewiththeUnitedStates.ThetreatywassignedonJuly3,1844,inthevillageofWanghiainMacao.Underitsterms,ChinawasobligatedtoallowAmericanstotradefreelyinCantonaswellasinfourotherpreviouslyclosedports.Moreover,AmericansobtainedtherightofextraterritorialjurisdictioninChina.From1844until1943,U.S.citizensinChinawereformallysubjectonlytothelawsoftheUnitedStates.Stateddifferently,whenAmericansenteredChina,Americanlawtraveledwiththem,effectivelyattachingtotheirverybodies.

Howdidtherelativelyrecentlyemancipatedworld’sleadinganti-colonialpowerreconcileitsextraterritorialjurisdictioninChinawithChiefJusticeMarshall’sringingstatementin1812,“Thejurisdictionofanationwithinitsterritoryisnecessarilyexclusiveandabsolute…beingaliketheattributeofeverysovereignandincapableofconferringextraterritorialpower”?ItturnsoutthattheforgottencenturyofAmericanextraterritorialjurisdictioninChinaisastorynotonlyaboutChinaandtheUnitedStatesbutalsoofinternationallaw.Thisessayisthusalsoastoryaboutlaw’soperationtransnationally,andacasestudyofhowlawdynamicallybothconstitutesanddeconstitutessovereignsatbothnationalandinternationallevels.

1.Whichoneofthefollowingisextraterritorialjurisdictionaccordingtotheauthor?

2.WhichdescriptionaboutCalebCushingisNOTtrueaccordingtothesecondparagraph?

3.WhatisNOTincludedinthe1844Sino-Americabilateraltreaty?

4.ThecontradictionbetweentheAmericanextraterritorialityandJusticeMarshall’sstatementin1812canbereconciledwhen___.

问题1选项

A.CountryAimposesfinetoitsowncitizenwhoviolatestrafficrulesinCountryA

B.CountryAimposesfinetoacitizenofCountryBwhoviolatestrafficrulesinCountryA

C.CountryAchargescrimeresponsibilitytoacitizenofCountryAwhocommitsacrimeinCountryB

D.CountryBchargescrimeresponsibilitytoacitizenofCountryAwhocommitsacrimeinCountryB

问题2选项

A.HewasaMassachusettscongressman.

B.HewasthefirstAmericanenvoytoChina.

C.Hewasalawyer.

D.HewastheattorneygeneraloftheUnitedStatesbeforevisitedChina.

问题3选项

A.WhenAmericansenteredChina,theyallcarriedUSlaws.

B.AmericanswereallowedtotradefreelyinCanton.

C.Americanswereallowedtotradefreelyinfourotherpreviouslyclosedports.

D.UScitizensinChinawerenotsubjecttoChineselaws.

问题4选项

A.thecenturyofAmericanextraterritorialjurisdictionisforgotten

B.onelooksattheissuefrominternationallevel

C.everysovereignisincapableofconferringextraterritorialpower

D.lawdynamicallyconstitutesanddeconstitutessovereigns

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第二段末尾Moreover,AmericansobtainedtherightofextraterritorialjurisdictioninChina.From1844until1943,U.S.citizensinChinawereformallysubjectonlytothelawsoftheUnitedStates.Stateddifferently,whenAmericansenteredChina,Americanlawtraveledwiththem,effectivelyattachingtotheirverybodies.（此外，美国人在中国获得了治外法权。从1844年到1943年，在中国的美国公民在形式上只受美国法律的约束。换言之，当美国人进入中国，美国法律与他们同行，有效地依附于他们的身体）可知在中国的美国人只需要遵守美国的法律，可选C选项“A国对在B国犯罪的A国公民追究犯罪责任”；A选项“A国对违反A国交通规则的本国公民处以罚款”，B选项“A国对B国违反A国交通规则的公民处以罚款”以及D选项“B国对在B国犯罪的A国公民追究犯罪责任”都不符合治外法权的定义。因此C选项正确。

2.事实细节题。根据题干关键词CalebCushing定位到第二段Toanticipatethestory,theextraordinarytreatythatlaidthefoundationforAmericanextraterritorialitywasnegotiatedbyCalebCushing,thefirstAmericanministertoChinaaswellasaMassachusettscongressman,alawyer,andafutureattorneygeneraloftheUnitedStates.（为了预测这个故事，美国首任驻华大使卡莱布•库欣谈判达成了为美国治外法权奠定基础的特别条约。卡莱布•库欣曾是马萨诸塞州的国会议员、律师，后来还担任过美国司法部长）可知D选项“他在访问中国之前曾担任美国司法部长”和原文不符，原文并没有说他是在访问中国之前担任美国司法部长；A选项“他是马萨诸塞州的国会议员”，B选项“他是第一位美国驻华使节”以及C选项“他是律师”都符合原文。因此D选项符合题意。

3.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第二段Underitsterms,ChinawasobligatedtoallowAmericanstotradefreelyinCantonaswellasinfourotherpreviouslyclosedports.Moreover,AmericansobtainedtherightofextraterritorialjurisdictioninChina.From1844until1943,U.S.citizensinChinawereformallysubjectonlytothelawsoftheUnitedStates.Stateddifferently,whenAmericansenteredChina,Americanlawtraveledwiththem,effectivelyattachingtotheirverybodies.（根据其条款，中国有义务允许美国人在广州以及其他四个以前关闭的港口自由贸易。此外，美国人在中国获得了治外法权。从1844年到1943年，美国在华公民正式只受美国法律的约束。换言之，当美国人进入中国，美国法律与他们同行，有效地依附于他们的身体）可知B选项“美国人被允许在广东自由贸易”，C选项“美国人被允许在其他四个以前关闭的港口自由贸易”以及D选项“在中国的美国公民不受中国法律的约束”在原文提及；A选项“当美国人进入中国时，他们都带着美国的法律”并不是中美双边条约中的内容，只是原文的比喻。因此A选项符合题意。

4.推理判断题。根据原文最后一段末尾ItturnsoutthattheforgottencenturyofAmericanextraterritorialjurisdictioninChinaisastorynotonlyaboutChinaandtheUnitedStatesbutalsoofinternationallaw.Thisessayisthusalsoastoryaboutlaw’soperationtransnationally,andacasestudyofhowlawdynamicallybothconstitutesanddeconstitutessovereignsatbothnationalandinternationallevels.（事实证明，被遗忘的美国在华治外法权世纪，不仅是一个关于中美两国的故事，也是一个关于国际法的故事。因此，本文也是一个关于法律跨国运作的故事，也是一个关于法律如何在国家和国际层面上动态地构成和解构主权的案例研究）可知美国的治外法权与马歇尔1812年的声明之间的矛盾可以在从国际层面看问题时得到调和，选B选项“从国际层面看问题”；A选项“美国治外法权的世纪被遗忘了”，C选项“每一个主权国家都没有能力授予域外权力”，D选项“法律动态地构成和构成主权”并不符合题意。因此B选项符合题意。

6.单选题

Overthepastseveraldecades,theU.S.,Canada,andEuropehavereceivedagreatdealofmediaandevenresearchattentionoverunusualphenomenaandunsolvedmysteries.TheseincludeUFOsaswellassightingsandencounterswith“nonhumancreatures”suchasBigfootandtheLochNessmonster.OnlyrecentlyhasLatinAmericabeguntoreceivesomeattentionaswell.AlthoughthemysteriesoftheAztec,Mayan,andIncacivilizationshavebeenknownforcenturies,nowthepublicisalsobecomingawareofunusual,paranormalphenomenaincountriessuchasPeru.

TheNazca“lines”ofPeruwerediscoveredinthe1930s.Thesefinesaredeeplycarvedintoaflat,stonyplain,andformabout300intricatepicturesofanimalssuchasbirds,amonkey,andalizard.Seenatgroundlevel,thedesignsareajumbledsenselessmess.Theimagesaresolargethattheycanonlybeviewedataheightof1,000feet-meaningfromanaircraft.Yettherewerenoaircraftin300B.C.,whenitisjudgedthedesignsweremade.Norweretherethen,oraretherenow,anynearbymountainrangesfromwhichtoviewthem.SohowandwhydidthenativepeopleofNazcacreatethesemarvelousdesigns?Oneanswerappearedin1969,whentheGermanresearcherandwriterErichvonDanikenproposedthatthelinesweredrawnbyextraterrestrialsasrunwaysfortheiraircraft.ThescientificcommunitydidnottakelongtoscoffatandabandonvonDaniken’stheory.Overtheyearsseveralothertheorieshavebeenputforth,butnonehasbeenacceptedbythescientificcommunity.

TodaythereisanewandheightenedinterestintheNazcalines.ItisadirectresultofthecreationoftheInternet.Currentlythereareover60sitesdedicatedtothismysteryfromLatinAmerica’spast,andevenrespectedscientistshavejoinedthediscussionthroughe-mailandchatrooms.

WilltheInternethelpexplaintheseunsolvedmysteries?Perhapsitisastepintherightdirection.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

2.Accordingtothepassage,theNazcalineswerefound（）.

3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthehigherthelinesareseen,the（）imagestheypresent.

3.TherehasbeenincreasinginterestintheNazcalinesmainlybecauseof（）.

5.Theauthoris（）abouttheroleoftheInternetinsolvingmysteries.

问题1选项

A.LatinAmericahaslongreceivedattentionforunusualphenomena

B.PublicattentionisnowdirectedtowardscountrieslikePeru

C.PublicinterestusuallyfocusesonNorthAmericaandEurope

D.Someancientcivilizationshaveunsolvedmysteries

问题2选项

A.inmountains

B.instones

C.onanimals

D.onaplain

问题3选项

A.smaller

B.larger

C.clearer

D.brighter

问题4选项

A.theparticipationofscientists

B.theemergenceoftheInternet

C.thebirthofnewtheories

D.theinterestintheInternet

问题5选项

A.cautious

B.pessimistic

C.uncertain

D.optimistic

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。题干：以下哪个选项的陈述不正确？文章第一段第三句指出OnlyrecentlyhasLatinAmericabeguntoreceivesomeattentionaswell.（直到最近，拉丁美洲也开始受到一些关注。），可知A选项“拉丁美洲长期以来一直因异常现象而受到关注”，与原文意思矛盾，表述不正确，答案选A；根据第一段最后一句话AlthoughthemysteriesoftheAztec,Mayan,andIncacivilizationshavebeenknownforcenturies,nowthepublicisalsobecomingawareofunusual,paranormalphenomenaincountriessuchasPeru.（尽管阿兹特克文明、玛雅文明和印加文明的奥秘已经为人所知好几个世纪了，但现在公众也开始意识到在秘鲁等国家出现了不寻常的超自然现象。），可知B选项“公众的注意力现在转向了像秘鲁这样的国家”和D选项“一些古代文明有未解之谜”，均符合文意；根据第一段第一句话Overthepastseveraldecades,theU.S.,Canada,andEuropehavereceivedagreatdealofmediaandevenresearchattentionoverunusualphenomenaandunsolvedmysteries.（在过去的几十年里，美国、加拿大和欧洲因异常现象和未解之谜而受到了大量媒体甚至研究的关注。），可知C选项“公众的兴趣通常集中在北美和欧洲”正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。

2.事实细节题。题干：根据文章可知，纳斯卡线条在_____被发现。由题干关键词“Nazcalines”定位至第二段第二句话Thesefinesaredeeplycarvedintoaflat,stonyplain,andformabout300intricatepicturesofanimalssuchasbirds,amonkey,andalizard.（这些细雕被深深地雕刻成一个平坦的石质平原，并形成了大约300幅复杂的动物图片，如鸟、猴子和蜥蜴。），可知D选项“在平原”，正确。A选项“在山区”，B选项“石头上”和C选项“在动物身上”，均不是正确答案。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。

3.事实细节题。题干：我们可以根据文章推断，在越高的地方看这些线条，图像展现得就会越_________。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第三，四句话Seenatgroundlevel,thedesignsareajumbledsenselessmess.Theimagesaresolargethattheycanonlybeviewedataheightof1,000feet-meaningfromanaircraft.（从地面上看，这些设计是乱七八糟，毫无意义的东西。这些图像是如此之大，以至于只能在1000英尺的高度—也就是说从飞机上看。），也就是说，从越高的地方看这些线条，图案也就越清晰。所以本题C选项“越清晰”，符合题意。A选项“越渺小”，B选项“越庞大”，和D选项“越明亮”，均不符合题意。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。

4.事实细节题。题干：人们对纳斯卡线条越来越感兴趣主要是因为__________。由题干可以定位到文章第三段前两句TodaythereisanewandheightenedinterestintheNazcalines.ItisadirectresultofthecreationoftheInternet.（今天，人们对纳斯卡线条有了新的更大的兴趣。它是互联网诞生的直接结果。），可知B选项“互联网的出现”，符合题意；而第三段最后一句话andevenrespectedscientistshavejoinedthediscussionthroughe-mailandchatrooms.（甚至受人尊敬的科学家也通过电子邮件和聊天室加入了讨论），是对互联网对其贡献的具体说明，不是直接原因，故A选项“科学家的参与”，不正确；C选项“新理论的诞生”和D选项“互联网的兴趣”与题干无关，故排除。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。

5.观点态度题。题干：关于互联网在解决神秘事件中的作用，作者是__________。全文末句表达了作者的态度Perhapsitisastepinthefightdirection.（也许这是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。）这里astepintherightdirection是对这种解开不解之谜的方式的肯定，但加上perhaps之后可以感受到作者这种谨慎的态度，故A选项“谨慎的”，符合题意。B选项“悲观的”，C选项“不确定的”和D选项“乐观的”，均不是作者的态度。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。

7.单选题

Jonathanis（

）inhisresearchfield;noothercontemporaryresearcherscancommandthesamerespect.

问题1选项

A.headstrong

B.preeminent

C.flamboyant

D.anachronistic

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。Headstrong“任性的，顽固的”；preeminent“卓越的，超群的”；flamboyant“艳丽的，炫耀的”anachronistic“过时的，时代错误的”。句意：乔纳森在他的研究领域是卓越的;没有其他当代研究者能获得同样的尊重。选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

MoreattentionwaspaidtothequalityofproductioninFranceatthetimeofReneCoty.CharlesDeschanelwasthenthefinancialminister.Hestressedthatworkmanshipandqualityweremoreimportantthanquantityforindustrialproduction.Itwouldbenecessarytoproducequalitygoodsfortheinternationalmarkettocompletewiththoseproducedinothercountries.TheFrencheconomyneededalargershareoftheinternationalmarkettobalanceitsimportandexporttrade.

Frenchindustrialandagriculturalproductionwasstillinadequatetomeettheimmediateneedsofthepeople,letalonelong-rangeddevelopments.Essentialimportshadstretchedthenationalcredittothebreakingpoint.Rentsweretightlycontrolled,buttheextremeinflationaffectedgeneralpopulationmostseverelythoughthecostoffood.Foodcoststookasmuchas80percentofworkersincome.Wages,itistrue,hadrisenandtherewasfull-timeandovertimeemployment.Takentogether,thesefactorsenabledtheworkingclasstoexistbutallowedthemnosenseofsecurity.Inthisprecariousanddiscouragingsituation,workmenwerewillingtoworkoverseasforhigherwages.

Thegovernmentwasreluctanttoletworkersleavethecountry.Itwasfearedthismigrationofworkerswoulddepletethelaborforce.Thelackofqualifiedworkersmighthindertheimprovementinthequalityofindustrialproductsproduced.Qualifiedworkersproducedinforeigncountries.AlsothequantityofqualitygoodsproducedinFrancewouldnotbeabletoincreaseaspartofitsqualifiedlaborforcemovedtoothercountries.

1.Accordingtothepassage,theFrenchworkerswere（）.

2.ReneCotyandCharlesDeschanelwerebothinterestedin（）.

3.TheFrenchgovernmentwasreluctanttolettheworkersleavethecountrybecause（）.

4.RentsinFrance（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,theFrenchgovernment（）.

问题1选项

A.betterpaidthantheworkersinanyotherEuropeancountries.

B.abletosavemoremoneywiththeincreaseintheirwages.

C.anxioustoworkabroad.

D.oftenunabletofindworkinFrance.

问题2选项

A.betterqualityinproduction

B.increasingquantityinproduction

C.havingthegovernmentraisetariffsonforeignimports

D.eliminatingunionsinFrance

问题3选项

A.itwouldenlargetheworkingforce

B.itwouldhindertheimprovementofqualityinindustrialproduction

C.itwouldhindertheincreaseinquantityofexports

D.itwoulddamagetheimports

问题4选项

A.wereextremelyhigh

B.wereextremelycontrolled

C.tookasmuchas80percentoftheworkers’income

D.haddoubledintwoyears

问题5选项

A.prohibitedFrenchtoworkabroad

B.reducedtaxestofightinflation

C.paidfamilyallowancesandbenefits

D.prohibitedtheFrenchworkerstojoinlaborunions

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据文章的第二段：Inthisprecariousanddiscouragingsituation,workmenwerewillingtoworkoverseasforhigherwages.可知：在这种不稳定和令人沮丧的情况下，法国工人想出国工作以获得高薪。因此，C项anxioustoworkabroad“渴望出国工作”正确。

2.细节事实题。由文章第一段MoreattentionwaspaidtomequalityofproductioninFranceatthetimeofReneCoty.CharlesDeschanelwasthenthefinancialminister.Hestressedthatworkmanshipandqualityweremoreimportantthanquantityforindustrialproduction.可知：ReneCoty在位期间，法国很关注产品质量，而时任财政部长的CharlesDeschanel更是坚持产品的质量比数量更为重要。因此，A项正确。

3.细节事实题。由文章最后一段Thelackofqualifiedworkersmighthindertheimprovementinthequalityofindustrialproductsproduced.可知：如果工人们去国外打工，可能会影响本国产品质量的提升。所以，政府不希望工人们离开法国去国外工作。因此，B项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第二段中部Rentsweretightlycontrolled可知：租金被严格地控制着。因此，B项正确。

5.推理判断题。由文章第三段Thegovernmentwasreluctanttoletworkersleavethecountry.Itwasfearedthisimmigrationofworkerswoulddepletethelaborforce.可知：政府担心移民会削弱本国劳动力，所以不愿意让工人离开法国，出国工作。因此，正确答案为A选项。

9.单选题

ManyofthesecompaniesmovedtotheInlandSouthtotake()ofthelowerwagesandthelackofstronglaborunionsintheregion.

问题1选项

A.profit

B.advantage

C.favor

D.adventure

【答案】B

【解析】takeadvantageof为固定搭配，意为利用。句意：许多这样的公司搬到南方内陆地区，以利用当地工资较低和缺乏强有