英语本科毕业论文-从尊卑与平权看中西方文化的道德差异

本科毕业论文从尊卑与平权看中西方文化的道德差异学生姓名：学生学号：200310206039院（系）：外国语学院年级专业：2003级英语本科2班指导教师：二〇〇=7\*CHINESENUM3七年五月SuperiorsandInferiors,EqualRights——TheMoralDifferencesBetweenChinaandtheWestYangZhiUndertheSupervisionofLiLiqinSchoolofForeignLanguagesandCulturesPanzhihuaMay2007ContentsAbstract……………………=1\*ROMANIKeyWords…………………=1\*ROMANI摘要………………………..=2\*ROMANII关键词……………………..=2\*ROMANIIIntroduction…………..........1=1\*ROMANI.TheSenseofAuthorityinChineseTraditionalCulture…………………2A.RelationshipBetweenManandWoman………..21.ProblemofManandWomaninSociety……………..........22.ProblemofManandWomaninFamily………………......3B.RelationshipBetweenParentsandChildren……….……………......31.ViolenceinChildren’sEducation...………….......32.AutocraticalTreatonChildren……………43.AccommodatingandSpoilingonChildren………4C.RelationshipbetweenTeachersandStudents………………..........51.Punishment…………………52.BeObedient……………………5II.TheSenseofEqualRightsintheWesternCulture………………....6A.RelationshipbetweenManandWoman…….61.History………….72.AchievementsofFeministMovement………8B.RelationshipbetweenParentsandChildren…………8C.RelationshipbetweenTeachersandStudents………………..9=3\*ROMANIII.TheAwkwardPositionoftheYoungGenerationinChina………..9A.ConflictsbetweenManandWoman……………….9B.ConflictsbetweenParentsandChildren…………....10C.ConflictsbetweenTeachersandStudents………………….111.GapbetweenRealityandIdealonTeaching…122.ConflictsCausedbyHierarchy……………..133.DistancebetweenTeachersandStudentsonSenseandAttitude…….13Conclusion……………15Acknowledgements……………………17Bibliography………….18AbstractThemoralsenseofauthorityinChinesetraditionalculturehasalwaysinfluencedpeople’sthoughtandlife.Althoughthesloganofdemocracyandequalityhasbeenputforwardforalongtime,intoday’sreallife,theconflictsbetweenthetraditionalsenseofauthorityandthesenseofequalrightsinwesterncountriesmakeyounggenerationfallintotheawkwardposition.Thephenomenonofsuperiorandinferiorstillexistsintherelationshipbetweenmanandwoman,parentsandchildren,teachersandstudents.Howeveryounggenerationisbeingaffectedbythesenseofequalrightsofthewest,itprovidessomedevelopingcluesfortheirfuture.ThedifferencesofthesensebetweenChinaandthewestleftthemenoughspacetothink.ThisessaycomparesthemoraldifferencesofChinaandwesterncountries;itspurposeisnottosolveproblemsbuttofindthereasonsforthedifferences.Theauthorhopesthatinthenearfuturepeoplecanreallyfindsomeeffectivemethodstosolvethisproblem,andhopesthateveryonecouldenjoyequalrightsandthesocietycanbecomemoreharmonious.KeyWordsSuperiorsandinferiors;equalrights;moralsense;differences摘要中国传统文化中权威制的道德观念一直影响着人们的思想和生活。尽管民主与平等的口号提出已久，但在今天的现实生活中，传统的权威观念与西方平权观念的冲突使年轻一代陷于尴尬的处境。男女之间，父母和子女间以及师生之间的尊卑现象依然存在，但西方的平权观念影响着青年一代，为他们的未来提供了发展线索。中西方的这种观念差异给他们留下了足够的思考空间。本文将中西方道德差异进行了比较，但其目的不是为了解决问题，而是为了找到形成差异的原因。笔者希望在不久的将来人们能找到解决问题的有效办法，希望人们能享有平等，社会更加和谐。关键词尊卑；平权；道德观念；差异IntroductionTherearemanyculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandthewest.Oneofthedifferencesistheproblemofmorality.ThedoctrineofConfuciusandMenciusrepresentsthetraditionalmoralsofChina.Malesuperiority,ThreeMainPrinciplesandthedignityoftheteachingprofessionarealltheideologiesofthedoctrine.However,thesenseofequalrights,democracy,libertyisalwaysadvocatedbywesterncountries.ThesenewsenseshavegraduallyenteredintoChinaasthedevelopmentofsociety.Thusitisunavoidablethattwodifferentkindsofsensesconflictwitheachother.AndtheseconflictsofmoralsbetweenChinaandthewestmakeyounggenerationfallintosomedifficultpositions.Thearticlewillelaboratethequestionfromtwomajoraspects.ThefirstaspectisthesenseofauthorityinChinesetraditionalculture;thesecondaspectisthesenseofequalrightsinwesternculture,andthisarticlewillbecarriedonfromthreeanglesseparately:thesexualrelations,therelationsbetweenparentsandchildrenaswellastherelationsbetweenteachersandstudents.Atpresentthereisnottoomuchresearchonthetopicofsuperiorsandinferiorsandequalrightsathomeandabroad,andtheresearchwhichcouldbeusedisquitescattered,thereforethemethodsofcontrastingandgivingexampleswillbeadoptedtosimplifytheproofprocess,andenableeverybodytohaveacleartrainofthought.AlthoughChinaandthewestrespectivelyhaveitsfitandunfitqualityinthetwoaspectsofhighandlowandequal,thearticleputsitsemphasisonthedifferentperformancesofChinesehighandlowideainthesociallifeandcarriesonthedescriptionofthethoughtofequalinthewestasoneside.Throughtwodifferentideasandtheirperformances,peoplewillknowthattherearesomeproblemsinChinesetraditionalmoralsandthereasonsforthemoraldifferences.ThispaperwillhelpChinesepeopleunderstandthedifficultpositionsofmoralsandmakethemobtainsomeenlightenment.=1\*ROMANI.TheSenseofAuthorityinChineseTraditionalCultureTheChinesetraditionalmoralsproducedinthepre-Qinperiod,inthelongprocessofhistoryofseveralthousandyears,itisaffectingpeople’sthoughtandlifethroughout.Theauthoritymakestheideaalsoseepalongwithittosociety’saspects.ConfucianismastherepresentativeConfucianthoughtispreciselytherootinwhichthisideacanexistanddevelop.Thetreatmentofwomenasinferiors,theprecedencemaintainedbetweenseniorsandjuniorsandtheteachersaidthedignityareallthemainperformancesofthisidea.Regardlessofanytypeofauthorities,itscharacteristicscouldbesummarizedasobservingcustomstrictly,obeytheauthoritywithoutcriticize,trustdestinyandsoon.Becauseoftherestraintofauthority,manyinferiorphenomenaappearedintherelationsbetweenhumanandhuman.RelationshipBetweenManandWomanInthetraditionalsexualrelations,treatmentofwomenasinferiorsconformstothemoralstandard,otherwisedosenotregardasthemorals.Insociallife,theroleassignmentofthesocialpositionsbetweenmanandwomancanmostmanifestthethoughtofwomenasinferiors.Butinthefamilylife,asaresultofChineseseveralmillenniumoffeudalism,therightnottobeequalstillexistsbetweenthehusbandsandwives.Peopleshouldseethatthelegalequalityofthesexesisnotequaltotheactualequality.Thehighandlowideastillrestrictssociety’sdevelopment.ProblemofManandWomaninSocietyIntraditionalChina,thetreatmentofwomenasinferiorsiscontinuouslyconsideredas“perfectlyjustified”,notonlythemalesoaffirmed,thefemalealsothinkso.“Threeobediences”stipulated:obediencetofatherbeforemarriage,tohusbandaftermarriage,andtosonafterhusband’sdeath.Thefemaleisonlyman’saccessories,theydonothavetheindependentpersonality,alsodonothavetheindependentsocialposition.Thefemalehasnotenjoyedsimilarrightinmanyaspectswiththemale,forinstanceacceptstheeducation,thesocialparticipation,economyandpropertyandsoon.Inalltheseproblemsofroleassignment,thefemaleareallbowunderthemale.Theequalrightsbetweenmaleandfemaleinthatsocietyhavenotobtainedrealizationinthetruesense.ProblemofManandWomaninFamily1).MercenarymarriageThiskindofmarriageexistedintheancientChina.AndnowinsomeruralareasofChina,itstillprevails.Infact,womenarejustlikegoodsinthemercenarymarriage.Theyhavenofreedom,noindependence,andtheyhavetoobey.Theyarelookeddownuponevenbytheirhusbands.Therelationshipbetweenmanandwomaninmercenarymarriageisactuallyunequal.Womendon’tgettheirproperrightsandrespect.2).ViolenceinthefamilyFamilyviolenceisnotastrangetopic.Maybeitjustexistsnotfaraway.Thereasonofthisphenomenonisvarious.Somehusbandsuseviolencetotheirwivesbecausetheyhavebadtemper,someregardtheirwivesassomethingforthemtoletoff,andsomemakemistakesintentionally…Nomatterwhatkindofreasonitis,useviolenceisabsolutelywrong.Basicallyspeaking,thesehusbandshaven’tformedthesenseofrespectintheirmind.Theyusuallythinkthattheyaresuperiorandwomenareinferior.RelationshipBetweenParentsandTheirChildrenTherearenoparentswhodon’tlovetheirchildreninthisworld.Parentshavetheresponsibilitytoguardianshipandteachtheirchildren,fromthispointofview,parentsarethemajorforceorwesay,theyowntheguidingstatusinthefamily.Butguidingdoesn’tequaltoautocracy,guidingcanmakeafamilyhappyandharmonious;howeverautocracywilljustbrokentherelationshipamongthefamilymembers.1.ViolenceinChildren’sEducationIntraditionalChina,thiskindofwayofdiscipliningchildrencoversacertainpartofmarket.Manyparentsregardtheirchildrenastheirprivateproperty,theyhavetherightstocorrectthem,andsointheirmind,beatandabusechildrenarejustregardedasstricteducation.Infact,useviolencetoeducatechildrenwillnotonlyleadtoheavyhurttothechildrenonbodyandmind,butalsowillviolatethelaw,thisactioninfringeupontherightsofchildren.Oneeight-year-oldchildinShenyangwasbeatentodeathbyhisfather;suchayounglifecametoanend.In2.AutocraticalTreatonChildrenInreallife,autocraticphenomenonemergesinanendlessstream.Thefirstkindofphenomenonisparentsoftenarrangetoomuchthingsforchildrentodo.Onemotheroncehadsuchexperience:whenherdaughterwas4yearsold,sheboughtapianoforthelittlegirlandemployedateachertoteachher.Shedidn’tknowwhatherdaughterreallylikeissinginganddancing.Heractionjustadddetestofherdaughter.Oneday,whenshebroughtherdaughtertocrosstheroad,acarcameneartothem,surprisingly,thedaughtersaid:“littlecar,pleasecomequickly,runoverandkillmymum.”Whensheaskedherdaughterwhyshehopedmumtodie,littlegirlsaidnaively:“Iwillnotpracticepianoanymore!”Thisisjustacommonexampleinthedailylife,parentsoftenarrangetheirchildrentostudyEnglish,tododrawing,tolearncalligraphyandsoon.Theseautocraticactionsarenotsuitable.Thesecondkindistoorderchildren.InthetraditionaleducationofChina3.AccommodatingandSpoilingonChildrenAlthoughthistypecannotmanifesttheunequalrelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrensimplyandclearly,itisdefinitelyoneexpressionofsuperiorityandinferiorityinthefamily.Inmanytimes,peopleoftenneglecttheunequalphenomenoninthistype.Nowadays,thereisaphenomenonthatitischildrenmanageparentsinsteadofparentsmanagechildreninthefamily;itisthereasonthatpeople’ssenseofvaluehasbeenchangedasthedevelopmentofthesociety.Inmoreandmoremodernfamilies,thereisonlyonechildcomparedwithmorethanoneelder.Soaccommodatetochildrenandspoilthemissocommonandpopular.Theonlychildisoftencalled“littleemperor”,“littlesun”andsoon.Nomatterwhattheonlychildasksfor,parentsandgrandparentswilltrytheirbesttofulfillhimorher.Patriarchsarenotwillingtolettheir“littlesun”todohousework.Theywashandcookforthechild,givethechildalotofpocketmoney...theyareperfectlyhappytobethe“slave”oftheonlychild.Soitiseasytoseethatthisrelationshipisalsounequal,adultshavereversedtheiridentitiesunconsciously.Anditisalsoeasytoimaginetheconsequenceswhicharecausedbypatriarchthemselveswhospoiltheirchildrenandthinkitisthewaytoexpresstheirlove.C.RelationshipBetweenTeachersandStudentsEqualityisthecoreofdemocracy,andtheoppositesideofdemocracyisautocracy,soitisnecessaryforustoknowtheautocraticphenomenonineducation.Ifsomeoneisnotfamiliarwithsuperiorityandinferiority,thenthediscussioncanbecarriedonfromautocracywhichpeopleknowitverywell.1.PunishmentManyteachershavethehabittopunishstudents.Sometimestheybeatthem,sometimestheyaskthemtogooutofclassortostandinthebackoftheclass,sometimesstudentsarepunishedtodosomecleaningordohomeworkwhichisseveraltimesofotherstudents’Buteverytimeafterteacherpunishedstudents,peoplewillusuallycondemnteachers,theyhopethatteacherswhopunishedstudentsshouldalsobepunishedbylaw.Whynotthinkoverthisproblemfromanotherangle?Itmeansthatstudentsshouldprotecttheirownrightsbutnotsocowardly.Itisthereasonthattherelationshipofthemisextremelyunequalthatleadtothecowardofstudents.2.BeObedientTheeducationofbeingobedientaimsatteachingstudentstolistentotheteachers’.Theresultofthiseducationisthattherearemoreandmoredocilestudents.Theteacher’sautocracyandauthoritymakestudentsbelievethatteacherisalwaysright.AnincorrectquestionwasaskedtoChinesestudents,surprisingly,90%ofthemcouldanswerit,only10%ofthestudentsthoughtitwasabsurd.ButwhenthesamequestionwasaskedintheclassinFrance,90%ofFrenchstudentsexpresstheirobjections,andsomeofthemevenlaughattheteacher.Infact,beobedientcanonlymakestudentsbecometools,thesetoolshavenodefiniteviewsoftheirown,theyarenotindependent,whattheyhavelearnedisjustobey.Obeyteachersandparents,obeyrightwordsandwrongones.Manyactionsoftheteacherareillegalandunreasonable,butChineseyoungstudentshaven’trealizedthispoint.Theyjustsimplybelievethatbepunishedandobedientarereasonableandcommon.Theincorrectwayofteachingmodewillnotonlybreaktherelationshipbetweenthembutalsolimitthedevelopmentofstudents’personalityandfosteringofthethoughtofinnovation.Thetraditionalmoralsensemakespeoplealwaysobeysomeruleswhichareoutofdatebuttheystillhavenotrealized.=2\*ROMANII.TheSenseofEqualRightsintheWesternCultureInthewest,theequalthoughtoriginextremelyearly,fivecenturyB.C.GreektragedypoetEuripideshadtheverseof“Man’sLawofNatureisEquality”.AlthoughafterthatPlatoandAristotledidnotapprovetheprincipleofequality,intheirworktherewerestillmanyplacesinwhichtheydiscussedtheequality.Fromthisitisnotdifficulttoseetheimportanceoftheconceptofequalinthewesternthinkinghistory.ButanactualperformanceoftheequalidealwasintheRomantimeatfirst.ThethoughtofStoichasaffectedRome’slegalscholar,thereforetheequalidealstartedtoenterintothelegalcategory.Afterthewindingdevelopment,theequalidealfinallyarousedpeople’scommonconsciousness.Theinnumerabletheoriesandpracticeshavedemonstratedthecourseofdevelopmentofthewesternsenseofequalrights.Thisideahasalsoaffectedmanyaspectsofpeople’sliving.A.RelationshipBetweenManandWomanThereweremanymovementsstrivingforwomen’sequalrightsinthehistoryofthewesterncountries.Themosttypicalonewasfeministmovement.Sointhissection,theauthormainlystudiesthehistoryandachievementsoffeministmovementtogetaroughpicture.1.HistoryIntraditionalsociety,womenhadnorightstomakedecisiononmarriage.Divorcewastheprivilegeofmen;theonlyobligationofwomenwasobey.Butfeministmovementmadepeoplerealizedtheshortcomingsofold-stylemarriage.Manynewviewswereputforward.Likethefreedomofbeinlove,thefreedomonmarriageandeventhefreedomondivorce.Inpointoffact,feministmovementbeganveryearlyinthewest.SoonaftertherevolutionofthebourgeoisieinEngland,thecapitalistclassputforwardthesloganof“liberty,equalityandfraternity”whicharousedwomenbegantostriveforequalrightsasmeninallkindsofways.Sincetheyear1890inAmerica,feministmovementorganizedwomentofightfortheirrightsparticipateingovernmentandpoliticalaffairs;from1977to1982,themembersofwomen’sorganizationincreasedfrom65thousandto230thousand;in1980s,congresswomancoveredonly5%inthewholecongress,butitraisedto10%in1990s…ThesituationisevenbetterinSweden、NorwayandFinland.Generallyspeaking,therewerethreetimesofclimaxesoffeministmovementinthehistory.Thefirstclimaxwhichaimedattherightofvotehappenedaround1920s.Womenwontheirrightsofvoteinmanycapitalistcountries.Thesecondclimaxwasin1960s.Althoughwomenhadalreadywontherightsofvote,theyfoundthattheywerestillunequalwithmeninrepayment.Sofeministmovementhaddevelopedintothemovementwhichfightforthesamerewardwithmen.Thismovementdevelopedveryfastandchangedalotofsocialsensesuntil1970s.Thethirdonewasbetween1970s-1980s.Inthisperiodofmovement,manykindsofschoolsemerged.Thefeatureofthattimewasthevariousdevelopingoftheinsideoffeminism.2.AchievementsofFeministMovementWesternfeministmovementestablishedwomen’sequalitywithmeninhumandignity.Itsmainexpressionwasthatwomenhadthesamerightofvoteasmen.Thustheycouldtakepartinsocialactivities;theyhadthepowertomanagethecountryandsoon.What’smore,manypeoplerealizedthateducationwasthebasicwaytosolvewomen’sproblems.Sooneoftheachievementswasthatwomenhadtheequalrightstoreceiveeducation,includingtheeducationalcontentsandtypesetc..Thefeministmovementalsowonindependentrightsineconomyforwomen.Ifwomenwanttoowntheequalstatusasmen,theymustbeindependentineconomyfirst.Toachievethispoint,thesocietyshouldallowthemtoworkasmen,andearnmoneythroughwork.Thiswillnotonlymakewomenindependent,butalsowillexercisethemandpromotethedevelopingofsociety.B.RelationshipBetweenParentsandChildrenInwesterncountries,therelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenisequalwhichalsocontainauthority.Thisrelationshipcontainstwoaspects.Thefirstoneispatriarchnotonlytreattheirchildrenequallybutalsosetupcertainauthority.ParentsinAmericaalwaystrytheirbesttomakechildrenfeelequal,theydohouseworktogether,makedecisiontogether;parentswillapologizetotheirchildrenwhentheyarewrong.Butiftheirchildrenmakemistakes,theywillalsosetupauthoritytoteachthemtocorrect.Thesecondoneisthatpatriarchadvocatedemocracybutnotpowertolettheirchildrenobey.Sometimestherearesomecollisionsbetweenparentsandchildren.Forexample,whatisthetimetocomebackhome.Maybeonedaythesoncomesbackafter11becausehewenttoabirthdaypartyofhisfriend.Atthistime,Americanparentswilltalkwiththeirson;theyhopehecancomebackbefore8or7.Theirtalkjustasthechatbetweenclosefriends,atlasttheywillgetanagreement.Thiscommunicationbutnotcommandisreallyveryeffectiveanditisalsoveryequalforthechildren.Thesetwoaspectsdon’tcontradicteachother.TheyarejustthedevelopedresulttoputthetwotypesofChinatogether.FromthesetwotypesandtwoaspectspeoplecouldalreadymaketheirRelationshipBetweenTeachersandStudentsInwesterncountries,itisveryoftentoseethatintheclassroom,studentsareveryactive;therelationshipbetweenteacherandstudentsisjustlikefriends.Why?Becausetheyrespecteachother,theydon’tthinkteacherissuperiorandstudentsareinferior,theyalwayshaveequalrights.Studentscouldregardteacherastouristguide、host、directorandsoon.Theycanexpressthemselvesfreelyandloudly,andtheteacherwilllistentothemcarefully.Theteachingcontentsarenotrestrictedonthebook;teacherwillanswerwhateverstudentswanttoknow.Don'tyouthinkitissodifferentfromChina?Maybeitispeople’smoraldifferencesbetweenChinaandthewest.=3\*ROMANIII．TheAwkwardPositionoftheYoungGenerationinChinaTheemergeofeverykindofculturehasitsownhistoricalcondition.Thespecialnature,economyandpoliticsmakeChinahasitsownculturalfeatures.MoralityisthecentreisoneofthefeaturesoftraditionalChineseculture.Thatistosay,moralitycoversthecentralstatusinthestructureoftraditionalculture.Everyonemayagreethatwecannotdevelopwithoutcontactingwithoutsideworld.ButthemoralsenseoftheoutsideworldissodifferentfromthatinChina,soconflictsareunavoidable;Chineseyounggenerationisfacingsomeawkwardpositions.A.ConflictsBetweenManandWomanThesmall-scalepeasanteconomywithamanploughingandawomanweavingonceoccupiedpeople’smindforalongtime.Inthattime,peoplethoughtthatmenshouldbethemainforcewhoworkedoutsidetoearnmoneywhilewomenhadnoabilitytoworkasmen,theycanjuststayathomeanddosomehousework.Thisisalsotheearliestmoralsenseonmanandwoman.Afterseveralthousandyears,Chinaenteredintoasemi-colonialandsemi-feudalsociety.BecauseoftheinvasionofforeignimperialistpowerssincetheOpiumWarin1840,womensufferedmuchmoredeeply.Somodernemancipationofwomenstartedwavebywave.Forexample:theTaipingThefoundingofPRCin1949markedthebeginningofthehistoryofsocialism.ItisalsoanewbeginningforallChinesewomen.Itisthefirsttimethatwomenenjoytheequalrightswithmen.Thelawsadmitthestatusofwomenandpolicesprotecttheirlegalbenefits.Butdoeswomanreallyasequalasman?Istherenomalesuperiorityinourlives?Ofcoursenot,thereareotherproblemsinthiscountry,likeunequalchancetogetajob,differentsalaryofmenandwomenandsoon.Thesenseofequalrightsbetweenmanandwomanconflictswiththerealityinalltheseproblems.ConflictsBetweenParentsandChildrenUndertheinfluenceoffeudaltraditionaleducation,parentsregardthathittheirchildrenistheirownright,andtheyexercisethisrightatwillintheeducation.Theythoughtthatpreachisinsufficienttocausethechild’sattention,onlyhitscanletthechildrememberthelessonprofoundly.Theythoughtthathaveakindfaceisinsufficienttosetuptheirownprestige,onlyhitscanenhancetheirdignityinthechild’smind.Asfarastheysee,thefunctionofeducationisrealizedthroughhits.Howeverundertheimpactofthewesternequalrights,theyounggenerationwhoacceptsthemoderneducationmoreandmorerealizesthatitisequalbetweenparentsandthechildren.Theyarenolongerwillingtobethepeacefulpopulacewhichalwaysdoseasoneistold.Theyusetheirownwaytodeclarewartotheparentsandusetheweaponoflawtomaintaintheirrightsandinterests.Therefore,thetraditionalideaswhichrepresentsthewillingofoldergenerationconflictswiththerequestofequalrightsofyoungergeneration.Thesecontradictionsandconflictsareincreasinglyfierce.Fromthisitisnotdifficulttoknowtheimportanceoftheconceptofequalinthewesternthinkinghistory.Accordingtothephenomenalistedinthesecondpart,wecanunderstandtheeagerdesireoftheseparentswhohopetheirchildrentoachievesuccess.Buttheydidn’trealizethatnotalltheironcanbecomesteelandnotalltheironneedtobecomesteel.Manyparentsholdtheopinionthatweareyourparents,andyoumustlistentome,nomatterwhatwesayistrueorfalse.Theyregardthatit’sonlyrightandpowerthatparentsownsupremeauthority.Inthissituation,theparentsactuallydoesn’trespecttherightsoftheirchildren,therelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenisnolongerequal.Accordingtomyopinion,thereareseveralreasonsforwhichparentsbeattheirchildren:Theparents’ownexperiences.Thatmeansmaybetheparentsthemselveswerebeatenbytheirparentswhentheywereyoung,sotheyfollowedthiskindofeducationalmethodsunconsciously.Otherperson’sexperiences.Theinformationoftencomesfromtheoldofthegenerationofgrandparents.Thewaytheyteachlatergenerationsisfollowedfromgenerationtogeneration,theyadvocateusingauthoritytosolveproblems.ThesenseofParents.Alotofparentsthinkthattheyareadultswithauthority,howeverchildrenarealwayschildren.Besides,theparentsownmentalcondition、theirownlivingconditionandsoonareallthereasonsthatcausethemtoventontheirchildren.Hereisanotherexample.Thewesterncountriesthinkthatkindergartenisjustlikeanamusementpark,theyallowchildrentomoveaboutfreely,tosingsongsloudly,andeventomaketroublewithcompanions.Chineseteacherthinkthatthesechildrenaretoonaughtyandtheyshouldreceivetreatment;Americanteachersaysthattheactionsofthesechildrenarenotexcessive;theirpersonalitiescanbeexercisedfreelysincetheyareyoung.Whydoesthisdifferentopinionemerge?ItisthereasonthatChinesepeoplewanttoprotecttheirchildren.Chineseparentsdon’twanttheirchildrentoplayfreelyjustbecausetheyareafraidchildrenwillhurtthemselves;theypreventchildren’snewideasoractionsjustbecausetheydon’thopethattheygooutof“circle”…Infact,theseparentsnotonlydeprivechildren’srightsofplaying,butalsolimittheirdevelopingrightsasahumanbeing.Autocracywasthesymboloffeudalsocietyinwhichtherewerenodemocracy,noequality,andnofreedom,whileoverprotectisthedifficultpositionofmodernlife.Feudalautocracyhasbecomehistory,andoverprotectchildrenalsocannotbeadvocated,inthiserawhichadvocatesequalityandliberty,democracyisthemainstreamofthesociety.Peopleshouldnotforgettogivedemocraticrightstothechildrenwhentheyarestrivingfordemocracy.C.ConflictBetweenTeachersandStudentsInAmerica,therearesomeschoolswhichcannotcatchupwithothers,andtheirstudentsarenotasgoodasthestudentsinotherfamousschools.Buttheseschoolswilldrivetheheadmasterandteachersaway,becausetheydon’thavetheabilitytoteachstudentswell.ButinChina,thesituationistotallydifferent.“Bad”studentsareoftendrovedawayou