考研考博-英语-中国计量大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中国计量大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Mostofusaretaughttopayattentiontowhatissaid—thewords.Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.Wordsareusedtodescribeonlyasmallpartofthemanyideasweassociatewithanygivenmessage.Sometimeswecangaininsightintosomeofthoseassociationsifwelistenformorethanwords.

Wedon'talwayssaywhatwemeanormeanwhatwesay.Sometimesourwordsdon'tmeananythingexcept“I'mlettingoffsomesteam.Idon'treallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatI'msaying.JustpayattentiontowhatI'mfeeling."Mostlywemeanseveralthingsatonce.Apersonwantingtopurchaseahousesaystothecurrentowner."ThisstephastobefixedbeforeI'llbuy."Theownersays,"It'sbeenlikethatforyears."Actually,thestephasn'tbeenlikethatforyears,buttheunspokenmessageis:"Idon'twanttofixit.Weputupwithit.Whycan'tyou?"Thesearchforamoreexpansiveviewofmeaningcanbedevelopedbyexaminingamessageintermsofwhosaidit,whenitoccurred,therelatedconditionsorsituation,andhowitwassaid.

Whenamessageoccurscanalsorevealassociatedmeaning.Letusassumetwocouplesdoexactlythesameamountofkissingandarguing.Butonecouplealwayskissesafteranargumentandtheoiliercouplealwaysarguesafterakiss.Theorderingofthebehaviorsmaymeanagreatdealmorethanthefrequencyofthebehavior.Afriend'sunusuallydocilebehaviormayonlybeunderstoodbynotingthatitwasprecededbysituationsthatrequiredanabnormalamountofassertiveness.Someresponsesmaybedirectlylinkedtoadevelopingpatternofresponsesanddefylogic.Forexample,apersonwhosays"No”toaserialsofchargeslike“You'redumb.”“You'relazy,”and“You'redishonest,”mayalsosay“No”andtrytojustifyhisorherresponseifthenextstatementis“Andyou'regoodlooking.”

Wewoulddowelltolistenforhowmessagesarepresented.Thewords,“Ifsurehasbeen

nicetohaveyouover,”canbesaidwithemphasisandexcitementorritualistically.Thephrasecanbesaidonceorrepeatedseveraltimes.Andthemeaningsweassociatewiththephrasewillchangeaccordingly.Sometimesifwesaysomethinginfrequentlyitassumesmoreimportance;sometimesthemorewesaysomethingthelessimportanceitassumes.

1.“I'mlettingoffsomesteam”inparagraph2means（

）.

2.Effectivecommunicationisrenderedpossiblebetweentwoconversingpartners,if

（

）.

3.Thehouse-owner'sexampleshowsthatheactuallymeans

（

）.

4.Theword"ritualistically"inthelastparagraphequalssomethingdone（

）.

问题1选项

A.I'mjustcallingyourattention.

B.I'mjustkidding.

C.I'mjustsayingtheopposite.

D.I'mjustgivingoffsomesound.

问题2选项

A.theyuseproperwordstocarrytheirideas

B.theybothspeaktrulyoftheirownfeelings

C.theytrytounderstandeachother'sideasbeyondwords

D.theyarecapableofassociatingmeaningwiththeirwords

问题3选项

A.thestephasbeenlikethatforyears.

B.hedoesn'tthinkitnecessarytofixthestep.

C.theconditionofthestepisonlyaminorfault.

D.thecostinvolvedinthefixingshouldbeshared.

问题4选项

A.withouttrueintention

B.light-heartedly

C.inawayofceremony

D.withlessemphasis

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由“Wedon’talwayssaywhatwemeanormeanwhatwesay.Sometimesourwordsdon’tmeananythingexceptI’mlettingoffsomesteam.Idon’treallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatI’msaying.JustpayattentiontowhatI’mfeeling.我们并不总是言出必行。有时候我们说的话没有任何意义，只是在发泄。我真的不希望你仔细听我说的话。但是请注意我的感受。”可知B项“我在开玩笑”正确。答案B。

第2题:细节事实题。由第一段中的“Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.词汇确实给我们提供了一些信息，但它的意义来自于如此多的其他来源，以至于过多依赖言语会阻碍我们与他人交流的有效性。”可知D项正确，不能太依赖字面意思，而是要根据具体语境去联想，这样才能增加交流的有效性。答案D

第3题:细节事实题。由“Actually,thestephasn’tbeenlikethatforyears,buttheunspokenmessageis:‘Idon’twanttofixit…’事实上，这个台阶已经很多年来不是这样的，但其中隐含的信息是：‘我不想把它修好……’”对应可知B项正确。

第4题:词义题。此题可以根据排除法来做。由“withemphasisandexcitementorritualistically.”可知这句话“如果你能来那真是太好了”可以用强调、兴奋或仪式性的语气说出来。可先排除B、D项，A项“没有真正的意图”也不符合。所以ritualistically意为仪式地。答案Ctically只可能与C项意思接近，答案C

2.单选题

TheCoriolisforcecausesallmovingprojectilesonEarthtobedeflectedfromastraightline.

问题1选项

A.sprung

B.deviated

C.beretracted

D.beconceived

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。题干defected“偏离”；A项“跳，跃”，B项“偏离；脱离”，C项“撤回；收回”，D项“设想”，因此选B。句意：科里奥利力导致地球上所有移动的弹丸从直线偏转。

3.单选题

AnewmilitarypolicyinChinarequiresallpersonneltomeetweightlimitsand（）promotions（）fitness.

问题1选项

A.exposes...to

B.attaches...to

C.links...to

D.opposes...to

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。A选项exposes...to表示“暴露给……”，B选项attaches...to表示“依附于，隶属于”，C选项links...to表示“把……和……联系到一起”，D选项opposes...to表示“反对”。由原文句意可知，中国军队一项新政策要求所有人员要满足体重限制，说明这项政策非常关注军队人员健康，由此可见会把晋升和健康联系在一起。因此，本题正确答案为C选项。

4.单选题

Havingdecidedtorentaflatwe（）contactingalltheaccommodationagenciesinthecity.

问题1选项

A.setout

B.setto

C.setabout

D.setoff

【答案】C

【解析】本题考查了同义词组的辨析。setout“动身；着手做某事”；setto“开始做某事”；setabout“开始做某事”；setoff“出发；动身”，setto后面应该接动词原形，此句中的动词是用的现在分词形式，所以可以排除选项B；选项D是“出发，动身去某地”的意思，不符合此处的语境；setout一般与不定式todo连用，所以可以排除选项A，故正确答案为选项C。

5.单选题

Whilemanytechnologicaladvancesoccurinanevolutionarymanner,occasionallyarevolutionarytechnologicalappearsonthehorizonthatcreatesstartlingnewconditionsandprofoundchanges.SuchisthecasewiththeprivatelydevelopedMollerSkycarwhichisnamedafteritsinventor.Theruggedized（加固的）MollerSkycarvariantthemilitaryisevaluatingiscalledthelightaerialmultipurposevehicle,orLAMV.

TheLAMVisaverticaltake-offandlandingaircraftthatcanflyinquick,quiet,andagilemanner.Itisanewtypeofvehiclethatcombinesthespeedofanairplaneandtheverticaltake-offcapabilityofahelicopterwithsomecharacteristicsofagroundvehicle,butwithoutthelimitationsofanyofthoseexistingmodesoftransportation.TheLAMVisnotoperatedliketraditionalfixed——orrotary-wingaircraft.Ithasonlytwohands,whichtheoperatorusestodirecttheredundantcomputercontrolsystemtocarryoutdesiredflightmaneuvers.Theleft-handcontroltwiststoselectthedesiredoperatingaltitudeandmovesforeandafttoselecttherateofclimb.Theright-handcontroltwiststoselectthevehicle’sdirectionandmovesside-to-sidetoprovidetransverse（横向的）movementduringthehoverandearly-transition-to-flightphasesofoperation;italsomovesforeandafttocontrolspeedandbraking.Simplyput,theLAMVisuserfriendly.

TheLAMVdesignincorporatesanumberofsafetyfeatures.Forstarters,theLAMVhasmultipleengines.Unlikeanylighthelicopterorairplane,theLAMVhasmultipleenginenacelles（机舱），eachwithtwocomputer-controlledRotapowerengines.Theseenginesoperateindependentlyandallowforaverticalcontrolledlandingshouldeitherfail.

TheLAMVisaerodynamicallystable.Intheunlikelyeventthatsufficientpowerisnotavailabletolandvertically,theLAMV’sstabilityandgoodglideslopeallowtheoperatortomaneuvertoasafeareabeforeusingtheair-frameparachutes（降落伞）.SincecomputerscontroltheLAMV'sflightduringhoverandtransition,theonlyoperatorinputistocontrolspeedanddirection.Undesirablemovementscausedbywindgustsarepreventedautomatically.

TheLAMV'spotentialmilitaryuseswillbenumerous.Theyincludeaerialmedicalevacuation,aerialreconnaissance（侦查），commandandcontrol,searchandrescue,insertionofspecialoperationsforces,airassaultoperations,airborneoperations,forcible-entryoperations,militarypolicemobilityandmaneuversupport,communicationsretransmission,battlefielddistributionforunitresupply,transportofindividualandcrewreplacements,weaponsplatform,noncombatantevacuationoperations,battlefieldcontractortransport,andbattledamageassessment.

Ofcourse,theLAMVbringswithitsomeobviouschallenges.Itslimitedpayloadwillbeanegativefactor.ItsusewillcomplicateArmyairspacecommandandcontrol.HowtheLAMVwillbeusedinconjunctionwithforcesunderthejointforceaircomponentcommanderwillhavetobedetermined.LAMVsupportissuesalsorequireresolution.Forexample,operatorselectionandtraining,leadertraining,employmentdoctrine,LAMVbasis-of-issueplans,andLAMVlife-cyclemanagementallrequiretheArmy'sattention.

1.Accordingtothepassage,LAMV（）.

2.WhatshouldtheoperatorofLAMVdowhenpowerforverticallandingisinsufficient?

3.Lighthelicopterorairplanemay（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingcanbeapossibledisadvantageofLAMV?

问题1选项

A.cantakeoffuprightandflyfast

B.isdevelopedbyanacademy

C.can’tflyasfastasanairplane

D.isappliedinciviltransportation

问题2选项

A.Heshouldaskthemonitoringcenterforhelpviacomputer

B.Hecaneffectivelycontroltheaircraftwithsomesimpleinput

C.Hemustleavetheaircraftimmediatelywiththehelpofparachutes

D.HejustwaitsLAMVtoregainenoughpowerforlanding

问题3选项

A.havetwohandstocontrolitsspeedanddirection

B.havenocomputer-controlledRotapowerenmeshinitssystem

C.havelessenginenacellesthanLAMVandthereforelesssecurity

D.lackflexiblecomputercontrolinitstakingoffandlanding

问题4选项

A.FewpeoplewouldsupporttheapplicationofLAMV

B.LAMVcanonlycarryasmallcreworlittlecargo

C.Notallforcesarewillingtobecommandedjointly

D.Armyairspacecommandandcontrolwouldbeindisorder

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据文章所述，LAMV……”。文章第二段第一句话提到LAWV是一种垂直起降飞机，能够以快速、安静和敏捷的方式飞行（TheLAMVisaverticaltake-offandlandingaircraftthatcanflyinquick,quiet,andagilemanner），由此可知选项A“能垂直起飞，且飞行速度快”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“当垂直降落的动力不足时，LAMV的驾驶员应该怎么办？”文章第四段提到“在不太可能的情况下，没有足够的力量垂直降落，LAMV的稳定性和良好的下滑坡度允许驾驶员在使用机体降落伞之前操纵飞机飞到一个安全区域”（Intheunlikelyeventthatsufficientpowerisnotavailabletolandvertically,theLAMV’sstabilityandgoodglideslopeallowtheoperatortomaneuvertoasafeareabeforeusingtheair-frameparachutes），因此选项B“通过一些简单的操作有效控制飞机”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“轻型直升机或飞机可能……”。文章第三段第三句话提到“不同于任何轻型直升机或飞机，LAMV有多个发动机舱，每个机舱都有两个由计算机控制的Rotapower型发动机”（Unlikeanylighthelicopterorairplane,theLAMVhasmultipleenginenacelles,eachwithtwocomputer-controlledRotapowerengines），由此可推测出轻型直升机或飞机没有LAMV那么多的机舱，选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪项是LAMV的劣势？”文章最后一段提到了LAMV不利的一面。LAMV的支持问题也需要解决，例如，驾驶员的选择与训练（LAMVsupportissuesalsorequireresolution.Forexample,operatorselectionandtraining…），因此选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

Thejudgedoesn’tknowwhetherthewitnessistellingthetruth,buthewill（

）it.

问题1选项

A.identify

B.enforce

C.distinguish

D.verify

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项identify“认出，鉴定”，多用于在众多物品中选出某一特定物品；B选项enforce“强迫，强化”；C选项distinguish“区别，辨别”；D选项verify“证实，查证，核实”。本句是but连接两个并列句子，根据前面的意思“法官不知道证人说的是否是真话”，推测后面空格部分填入的动词意思应该是“证实，证明”，

7.单选题

Thesearestudentswho,atsomestageoftheirundergraduatecareers,leaveclass,either（）,orbecausetheyareaskedtodoso.

问题1选项

A.voluntarily

B.selectively

C.compulsorily

D.necessarily

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。voluntarily“自动地”；selectively“有选择地”；compulsorily“强制地；强迫地”；necessarily“必要地；必定地”。句意：在大学学习生涯的某个阶段，一些学生或______或被迫离开课堂。根据句意可知选项A符合题意。

8.单选题

9.

问题1选项

A.Quitsmoking.

B.Gojoggingeverymorning.

C.Workoutinthegym.

D.Goonadiet.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Whydon’tyoutrysmokingonecigarettelesseachday,aswellasgoingjoggingeverymorning?

M:Goodidea,butIdon’twanttogojogginginthestreetandatreadmillmaybeabetterchoice.I’msuretrainersatthegymwouldbeabletogivememoreprofessionaladvice.

W:Thatsoundsgood.Thereisonenearmycompany.Iamitsregularmember.

M:Really?Iwillgointohavealook.

Q:Whatisthemanmostlikelytodo?

【解析】细节题。男士说：butIdon’twanttogojogginginthestreetandatreadmillmaybeabetterchoice（但我不想在街上慢跑，跑步机可能是更好的选择），后来决定去健身房找专业人士咨询。

9.单选题

Asanimportant（）forouremotionsandideas,musiccanplayahugeroleinourlife.

问题1选项

A.vessel

B.vest

C.venture

D.vehicle

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项vessel“船，器皿”，B项vest“背心，汗衫”，C项venture“冒险旅行”，D项vehicle“车辆，交通工具，运载工具”。后文提到“音乐在生活中发挥重要作用”，根据前文的ouremotionandideas（我们的情感和思想）可知空格处表示“载体”。句意：作为情感和思想的重要载体，音乐在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色。因此，该题D项正确。

10.单选题

Asthepost-EnronwaveofcorporatescandalswashedoverAmericalastyear,acommonresponseinEuropewas:itcouldn’thappenhere.Farfromhavingtheworld’sbest-policedmarkets,theUnitedStates,manyEuropeanpoliticiansclaimed,suffereduniquelyfromalethalcombinationofgreedyandoverpaidbosses:conflictedauditorsandinvestmentbankers,relianceonaccountingrulesnotprinciples,andanobsessionwithquarterlyprofitnumbers.InAmerica,asmanyas1,200companieshavebeenforcedtorestatetheiraccountsinthepastfiveyears,inEuropethenumberisbarelyindoubledigits.Soitisoutrageous,manyEuropeansnowargue,thatAmericaisseekingtoimposetheunwieldySarbanes-Oxleyact,passedinthewakeofEnron,onEuropeancompanieslistedinNewYork.

AsmoresensibleEuropeanregulatorsrecognize,thissmugnesswasneverjustified;itisonlynecessarytorecallscandalssuchasVivendiandElan.ButEurope’sclaimofimmunityfromcorporateslacknesshasnowbeenblownoutofthewaterbythisweek’srevelationsthatRoyalAholdoftheNetherlandsoverstateditsprofitsfor200-02byasmuchas$500m.Thecompany’sAmsterdam-basedauditors,Deloitte&Touche,failedtopicktheproblemsupin2001,eventhoughworriesaboutAhold’saccountswerewidelyexpressedinthemarketsformostoflastyear.TheDutchmarketregulatoradmittedthisweekthatithadnopowersofdisciplineoverfaultyauditing.

Whatabouttherelativenumbersofrestatements?BecauseAmerica’sGAAPaccountingsystemreliesonthousandsofpagesofrules,itismorevulnerabletomanipulationthanEurope’smoreprinciples-basedapproach.Butgiventhelargelynon-existentregulationofauditorsandthepoorcorporategovernanceprevalentinmuchofEurope:amoreplausibleconclusionisthatEuropehashadfeweraccountingscandalsthanAmericamainlybecausenobodyhasseriouslylookedforthem,notbecausetheyarenotthere.

ThisisnottosaythatEuropeshouldadoptSarbanes-Oxleyintoto.ThathastilydraftedlawwasdesignedforAmerica’sverydifferentsystem.Manyofthelaw’srulesonmanagersandboardsseemundulyintrusiveevenforAmerica.Butstatutoryindependentregulationofauditors,asprescribedbySarbanes-Oxley,makessenseeverywhere.Sodorulestostopaccountingfirmsdoingconsultingworkforauditclients:anditisalsoworthconsideringmandatoryrotationofauditors.

ThecaseforindependentregulationisthestrongerbecauseEuropeanUnioncompaniesareduetoadoptinternationalaccountingstandardsby2005.Itislittleusetakingthiswelcomesteptowardstougherstandards,whichtheEuropeansareurgingonAmericaintheinterestsofglobalharmonization,ifthereisnobodytooverseetherules.YettheEuropeanFederationofAccountantsadmitsthat,insixEUcountries,thereisineffectnoenforcementatall.

21.Whichoffollowingit’strueaccordingtoParagraph1?

22.Thephrase“intoto”inParagraph4mostprobablymeans（）.

23.IncontrasttoAmerican,Europe,incopingwithfaultycorporateauditing,wouldattachimportanceto（）.

24.Itseemthattheultimatesolutiontotheproblemofcorporatescandalsliesin（）.

25.Accordingtotheauthor,theEuropeancorporatesituationis（）.

问题1选项

A.ManyEuropeanpoliticianswouldboastofimmunityfromAmerica’scorporateills.

B.Manycompaniessufferedfromtheirabsoluterelianceuponaccountingrules.

C.ManyEuropeansprotestedagainstAmerica’sprinciplesimposeduponEuropeanfirms.

D.ManyEuropeanregulatorsrespondedsensiblytothewaveofcorporatescandals.

问题2选项

A.baseduponsensibility

B.followinginahaste

C.givenadifferencesystem

D.actinginasimilarfashion

问题3选项

A.ruleenforcement

B.reliableprinciples

C.justifiedprescription

D.frequentrestatements

问题4选项

A.theinterestsofglobalharmonization

B.theindependentregulationofauditors

C.theadoptionoftougherstandards

D.thesupervisionofconsultingwork

问题5选项

A.fairlyoptimistic

B.quitepromising

C.somewhatdepressing

D.veryastonishing

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】21.推理判断题。定位在首句Asthepost-EnronwaveofcorporatescandalswashedoverAmericalastyear,acommonresponseinEuropewas:itcouldn’thappenhere.（关于去年安然公司的丑闻，欧洲人的共同反应是：这种情况不可能在欧洲发生。）以及原文中的举例InAmerica,asmanyas1,200companieshavebeenforcedtorestatetheiraccountsinthepastfiveyears,inEuropethenumberisbarelyindoubledigits.（在美国，在过去的五年里，有1200家公司被迫重述他们的账目，而在欧洲，这个数字仅仅是两位数。）由此可以推论欧洲人都对自己国家很有信心。所以A选项“许多欧洲政客会吹嘘可以免疫美国企业的弊病”正确。B选项“许多公司因完全依赖会计准则而蒙受损失”说法过于绝对，错误，C选项“许多欧洲人抗议美国强加给欧洲公司的原则”，由C选项可以定位到第一段的最后一句Soitisoutrageous,manyEuropeansnowargue,thatAmericaisseekingtoimposetheunwieldySarbanes-Oxleyact,passedinthewakeofEnron,onEuropeancompanieslistedinNewYork.（因此，许多欧洲人现在认为，美国正试图把安然事件后通过的繁琐的萨班斯-奥克斯利法案强加给在纽约上市的欧洲公司，这是令人气愤的。）可知这只是一个想法，并未落实。因此C项不符合原文，错误。D选项“许多欧洲监管机构对公司丑闻浪潮做出了明智的反应”，根据原文acommonresponseinEuropewas:itcouldn’thappenhere.（欧洲人的共同反应是：这种情况不可能在欧洲发生。）可知欧洲人是有些太过肯定与自信的，不符合明智的这一说法，所以D错误。故选A。

22.词义推测题。A选项“基于感性”，B选项“急忙仿效”，C选项“给出一个不同的系统”，D选项“以类似的方式行动的”。定位到原文ThisisnottosaythatEuropeshouldadoptSarbanes-Oxleyintoto.（这并不是说欧洲就应该……采取萨班斯-奥克斯利法案。），后一句ThathastilydraftedlawwasdesignedforAmerica’sverydifferentsystem.（这份匆忙起草的法律是为美国非常不同的体系设计的。）由此可知，作者认为这项法案只适用于美国，对欧洲而言，是不需要和美国一样采取这项法案的。因此D选项符合题意。故选D。

23.客观细节题。定位到原文BecauseAmerica’sGAAPaccountingsystemreliesonthousandsofpagesofrules,itismorevulnerabletomanipulationthanEurope’smoreprinciples-basedapproach.（因为美国的GAAP会计体系依赖于数千页的规则，它比欧洲的更基于原则的方法更容易被操纵。）由此可知，欧洲相比于规则而言，更倾向于基于原则的方式。A选项“规则的执行”，由关键句可知，美国才是更注重规则的执行的，偷换主语，错误。B选项“可靠的原则”符合题意，正确。C选项“合理的处方”，D选项“频繁的重述”，C，D选项在文中并未涉及，可排除。故选B。

24.推理判断题。根据原文Butstatutoryindependentregulationofauditors,asprescribedbySarbanes-Oxley,makessenseeverywhere.（但是，《萨班斯-奥克斯利法》规定的对审计师的法定独立监管，在任何地方都是行得通的。）而且定位在最后一段的首句ThecaseforindependentregulationisthestrongerbecauseEuropeanUnioncompaniesareduetoadoptinternationalaccountingstandardsby2005.（独立监管的情况更强大，因为欧盟公司将于2005年采用国际会计准则。）由此可推出解决公司丑闻问题的最终办法是对审计师的法定独立监管。所以B选项“对审计师的独立监管”正确。A选项“全球和谐的利益”在文中只是小部分陈述，与题意无关，可排除。C选项“采用更严格的标准”，根据原文Itislittleusetakingthiswelcomesteptowardstougherstandards,whichtheEuropeansareurgingonAmericaintheinterestsofglobalharmonization,ifthereisnobodytooverseetherules.（如果没有人来监督这些规则，朝着更严格的标准迈出这受欢迎的一步是没有用的，欧洲为了全球协调的利益正敦促美国这样做。）可知更严格的标准在无人监督的情况下，也是无效的。因此可排除C选项。D选项“咨询工作的监督”，定位到原文Sodorulestostopaccountingfirmsdoingconsultingworkforauditclients:anditisalsoworthconsideringmandatoryrotationofauditors.（所以规定禁止会计师事务所为审计客户提供咨询服务也是值得考虑强制轮换审计人员的。）对咨询工作的监督只是其中的一类，不能作为最终的解决办法。故选B。

25.推理判断题。定位到原文Butgiventhelargelynon-existentregulationofauditorsandthepoorcorporategovernanceprevalentinmuchofEurope:amoreplausibleconclusionisthatEuropehashadfeweraccountingscandalsthanAmericamainlybecausenobodyhasseriouslylookedforthem,notbecausetheyarenotthere.（但是考虑到审计机构的监管基本上不存在，以及欧洲大部分地区普遍存在的糟糕的公司治理，所以有一个更可信的结论是，欧洲的会计丑闻比美国少，主要是因为没有人认真地去寻找这些丑闻，而不是因为它们不存在。）而第一段开始时就有说到欧洲人一致认为这种事情绝对不可能在他们国家发生。由此可知欧洲公司的现状是有些堪忧的。A选项“相当乐观”，B选项“很有前途的”，C选项“有点令人沮丧”，D选项“非常惊人的”，因此C选项符合题意，故选C。

11.单选题

Thebeliefthatit’shealthytoletoffsteamnolonger（）forweareworkingunderheavypressure.

问题1选项

A.holds

B.carries

C.takes

D.stands

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项hold“拥有，持有”，B项carry“拿，携带”，C项take“行得通，花费”，D项stand“站立，位于”。根据句子可知，空格部分是和名词belief（信念）构成主谓，把四个选项分别代入，只有take符合。句意：因为我们在巨大的压力下工作，所以不再相信释放压力是有益健康的。因此，该题选择C项正确。

12.单选题

"Ifwefailtoactnow."saidTom,"We'llfindourselves（）inactionlateron."

问题1选项

A.paidback

B.paidfor

C.paidup

D.paidoff

【答案】B

【解析】句意:“假如我们不现在采取行动”，汤姆说，“我们会发现自己在以后的行动中付出代价”。

考查短语辨析。payback回报，报答；payfor为……付出代价；payup全部付清；payoff还清债务，清偿欠（某人）的债务。

13.单选题

Howcanyouavoidmistakeswhenyouareinsucha（）?

问题1选项

A.haste

B.hurry

C.speed

D.dash

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。inahurry意为“立刻，匆忙”。句意：当你如此匆忙的时候，你怎么能避免错误呢?选项B符合句意。

14.单选题

Shouldthiscrisiscontinue,thePalestinianheathsystemwillfurther（deteriorate）andserviceswillbedisrupted.

问题1选项

A.improve

B.recover

C.worsen

D.decrease

【答案】C

【解析】考查同义动词辨析。A选项improve“提高，增进”；B选项recover“修复，弥补”；C选项worsen“恶化，变得更快”；D选项decrease“减少，减小，降低”。句意：如果这一危机继续下去，巴勒斯坦保健系统将进一步恶化，服务将受到破坏。Deteriorate“恶化，变坏”，由此可知C选项与该词意思最相近，因此C选项正确。

15.单选题

Salesofmushroomshavehitanall-timehighasBritonsincreasinglyturntothecheapand（

）foodstufffortheircooking.

问题1选项

A.versatile

B.multiple

C.manifold

D.diverse

【答案】A

【解析】考查近义词辨析。versatile“多才多艺的，多用途的”；multiple“多重的，复合的”；manifold“多方面的，各式各样的”；diverse“不同的，各种各样的”。句意：蘑菇的销量创下历史新高，因为英国人越来越多致力于寻找便宜的、多用途的食材做饭。因此A选项符合题意。

16.单选题

ThehospitaldeniesthereisanyconnectionbetweenthedisciplinaryactionandDr.Reid's()abouthealthproblems.

问题1选项

A.allegiance

B.alliance

C.allegations

D.alliteration

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。allegiance“效忠；忠贞”；alliance“联盟”；allegations“主张”；alliteration“头韵”。句意：医院否认纪律处分和里德医生关于健康问题的主张有任何联系。因此C选项符合题意。

17.翻译题

各学科的发展日新月异，令人称奇，但衡量知识、能力的方法却依然如故，非常原始。迄今为止，教育工作还没有找到比考试更有效、更可靠的方法，着实有点离奇。尽管有不少人认定，考试能衡量出一个人的知识水平，但实际情况恰恰相反，这是有目共睹的。要想考察一个人死记硬背的本事和在极大压力下快速答题的技巧，考试或许是个不错的方法。然而，要想了解一个人的禀赋资质和实际能力如何，考试是考不出名堂的。

【答案】VariousDisciplinesevolvewithastonishingspeed,butthemethodsofmeasuringknowledgeandcompetenceremainasprimitiveasever.Itisalittleweirdthatnomoreeffectiveandreliablemethodthanexaminationshasbeenfoundineducationsofar.Althoughmanypeoplebelievethatexaminationscanmeasureone’slevelofknowledge,itisobvioustoallthattheoppositeistrue.Anexaminationmightbeagoodwaytotestone’sabilityofrotememorizationandskillsofansweringquicklyunderextremepressure.However,itcannottellyouone’saptitudeandpracticalcapabilities.

18.翻译题

TheSupremeCourtisthehighestcourtoftheUnitedStates,andtheonlyonespecificallycreatedbytheConstitution.AdecisionoftheSupremeCourtcannotbeappealedtoanyothercourt.TheSupremeCourthasoriginaljurisdictioninonlytwokindsofcases:thoseinvolvingforeigndignitariesandthoseinwhichastateisaparty.AllothercasesreachtheCourtonappealfromlowercourts.AsignificantamountoftheworkoftheSupremeCourtconsistsofdeterminingwhetherlegislationorexecutiveactsconformtotheConstitution.ThispowerofjudicialreviewisdoctrineinferredbytheCourtfromitsreadingoftheConstitution,andforcefullystatedinthelandmarkMarburyvs.Madisoncaseof1803.Thedoctrinehasalsobeenextendedtocovertheactivitiesofstateandlocalgovernments.

【答案】参考译文：

最高法院是美国的最高法院，也是唯一一个由宪法专门设立的法院。最高法院的裁决不能向任何其他法院上诉。最高法院最初只对两种案件拥有司法权：涉及国外显要人物的案件和州作为一方当事人的案件。最高法院受理的所有其他案件均来自下级法院的上诉。最高法院很重要的工作任务就是决定立法或执法是否符合宪法标准。这种司法审查的权利是由最高法院通过解读《宪法》而推断出来的法律原则，并且在具有里程碑意义的1803年马伯里与麦迪逊案得到确定。并且，该理论还扩展到包括州和地方政府的活动。

19.单选题

Heusually（

）hisemotionsandappearscalm.

问题1选项

A.holdsup

B.holdsback

C.holdson

D.holdstight

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。holdup意为“举起”；holdback意为“退缩，忍住，抑制住”；holdon意为“等一下，坚持不懈，握住”；h