考研考博-英语-内蒙古体育职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内蒙古体育职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Tosaythatasoldierfoughtinbattlelikelionmaybeadescriptive（

）,butitdoesnotmeanthathewasonallfoursroaringandwagginghistail.

问题1选项

A.analogue

B.analogy

C.analytic

D.node

【答案】B

【解析】句意:将一个在战争中的战士说成狮子一样可能是一个不错的比喻，但是这并不意味着他四肢着地摇着尾巴大声咆哮着。

形近词辨析。Analogue类似物，相似物;analogy比喻，相似;analytic分解的;anode阳极。题目中的Tosaythatasoldierfoughtinbattlelikelion这个部分是将战士比喻成狮子。故选B。

2.单选题

Intheend,thepolicehadto（

）toforceinordertobreakupthecrowd.

问题1选项

A.confine

B.withdraw

C.employ

D.appeal

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。confine“限制；禁闭”；withdraw“撤退；离开；收回”；employ“使用，采用；雇用”；appeal“呼吁；上诉；诉诸于”。句意：最后，警察为了驱散人群只能诉诸于武力。选项D符合题意。

3.单选题

Asmarketersincreasetheircommunicationthroughbothprintandelectronicchannels,theopportunityfor_______isgrowingrapidly.

问题1选项

A.fraud

B.jargon

C.pledge

D.motivation

【答案】A

【解析】fraud欺诈,骗子;jargon行话;pledge保证,许诺,抵押;motivation动机。句意：当营销人员通过印刷和电子渠道加强沟通的时候，也为欺诈行为提供了快速增长的机会。选项A符合句意。

4.单选题

SomepeoplewouldliketodoshoppingonSundayssincetheyexpectto_______wonderfulbargainsinthemarket.

问题1选项

A.pickup

B.bumpinto

C.pileup

D.bringback

【答案】A

【解析】动词词组辨析。pickup“买到，获得”；bumpinto“无意中遇到，碰到”；pileup“积累，堆放起来”；bringback“拿回来”。句意：有些人喜欢在星期天购物，因为他们期待买到市场上物美价廉的便宜货。选项A符合题意。

5.写作题

Directions:Writeacompositiononthetopic"TheSocialFunctionofHealth".Youshouldwriteatleast250wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow:

1.健康在个人行使社会功能中的作用。

2.健康对于整个社会的作用。

3.健康不仅是医学问题，更是社会问题。

【答案】略

6.单选题

Thirty-onemillionAmericanareover60yearsofage,andtwenty-ninemillionofthemarehealthy,busy,productivecitizens.Bytheyear2030,oneineveryfivepeopleintheUnitedStateswillbeover60.Elderlypeoplearemembersofthefastest-growingminorityinthiscountry.Manycallthisthe“grayingofAmerica”.

In1973,agroupcalledthe“GrayPanthers”wasorganized.Thisgroupismadeupofyoungandoldcitizens.TheyaretryingtodealwiththespecialproblemsofgrowingoldinAmerica.TheGrayPanthersknowthatmanyelderlypeoplehavehealthproblems:somecannotwalkwell,otherscannotseeorhearwell.Somehavefinancialproblems;pricesaregoingupsofastthattheelderlycan’taffordthefood,clothing,andhousingtheyneed.Someoldpeopleareafraidandhavesafetyproblems.Othershaveemotionalproblems.Manyelderlyarelonelybecauseofthedeathofahusbandorawife.TheGrayPanthersknowanotherfact,too.Elderlypeoplewanttobeasindependentaspossible.So,theGrayPanthersarelookingforwaystosolvethespecialproblemsoftheelderly.

ThepresidentoftheGrayPanthersisMaggieKuhn,anactivewomaninherlate70s.ShetravelsacrosstheUnitedStates,educatingbothyoungandoldabouttheconcernsofelders.Oneoftheproblemsshetalksaboutiswhereandhowelderslive.ShesaysthatAmericansdonotencourageelderstolivewithyoungerpeople.AsfarasMaggieKuhnisconcerned,onlyelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcareshouldbeinnursinghomes.

MaggieKuhnknowsthateldersneededucation,too.ShespendslotsoftimetalkingtogroupsofolderAmericans.Sheencouragesthemtocontinuetoliveintheirownhousesifitispossible.Shealsotellsthemthatitisimportanttolivewithyoungerpeopleandtohavechildrenaroundthem.Thishelpselderstostayyoungatheart.

1.Whathealthproblemsdomanyelderlyhave?

2.Nursinghomes（）.

3.MaggieKuhntravelsacrosstheUnitedStatesinorderto（）elders.

4.OneoftheproblemsMaggieKuhntalksaboutis（）.

5.MaggieKuhnencourageseldersto（）.

问题1选项

A.Theyfeellonely.

B.Theyaresufferingfromcancer.

C.Theycannotwalkorseeorhearwell.

D.Theyhavegotheartproblems.

问题2选项

A.aregoodforelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcare

B.helpkeepeldersyoung

C.aresetupfortrainingnurses

D.areplaceswheresmallchildrenaretakencareof

问题3选项

A.collectmoneyfor

B.showconcernsfor

C.findhousesfor

D.educatepeopletohelp

问题4选项

A.whyeldersshouldbetakencareof

B.whereandhowelderslive

C.whoneedsmedicalcare

D.howtoimproveeducationintheUSA

问题5选项

A.liveinnursinghomes

B.travelmore

C.livewithyoungerpeople

D.dosomehousework

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第二段第四句“manyelderlypeoplehavehealthproblems:somecannotwalkwell,otherscannotseeorhearwell.”选项C与原文表述一致，正确。

2.细节事实题。根据关键词“Nursinghomes”定位到第三段最后一句“onlyelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcareshouldbeinnursinghomes.”只有需要不断的医疗护理的老年人才应该住进养老院。也就是说，养老院对需要持续医疗护理的老年人有益。选项A符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据第三段第二句“ShetravelsacrosstheUnitedStates,educatingbothyoungandoldabouttheconcernsofelders.”她走遍美国，教育年轻人和老年人关注老年人的问题。选项D正确。

4.细节事实题。根据第三段第三句“Oneoftheproblemsshetalksaboutiswhereandhowelderslive.”选项B与原文表述一致，正确。

5.细节事实题。根据最后一段的三四句，MaggieKuhn鼓励老人继续住在自己的房子里，和年轻人生活在一起，有孩子在身边是很重要的。选项C符合原文。

7.单选题

About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.

Inthefirstgamesjusttwoteamsofinjuredsoldierstookpart.Thenextyear,1949,fiveteamstookpart.Fromthosebeginningsthingsdevelopedfast.TeamsnowcomefromabroadtoStrokeMandevilleeveryyear.In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.Now,everyfouryears,theOlympicGamesfortheDisabledareheld,ifpossible,inthesameplaceasthenormalOlympicGames,althoughtheyareorganizedseparately.InotheryearsGamesfortheDisabledarestillheldatStrokeMandeville.Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.Unfortunately,theywereheldatStrokeMandevilleandnotinLosAngles,alongwiththeotherOlympics.

TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports.Onesmallsourceofdisappointmentforthosewhoorganizeandtakepartinthegames,however,hasbeentheunwillingnessoftheInternationalOlympicCommitteetoincludethedisabledeventsattheOlympicGamesfortheable-bodied.Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.

1.Thefirstgamesforthedisabledwereheld（

）afterSirLudwigGuttmannarrivedinEngland.

2.BesidesStrokeMandeville,surelythegameforthedisabledwasonceheldin（

）.

3.InParagraph2theword"athlete"means

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

5.Fromthepassagewemayconcludethatwriteris（

）.

问题1选项

A.50years

B.21years

C.9years

D.4years

问题2选项

A.NewYork

B.London

C.Rome

D.LosAngeles

问题3选项

A.peoplewhosupportthegame

B.Peoplewhowatchthegame

C.peoplewhoorganizedthegame

D.peoplewhocompeteinthegame

问题4选项

A.SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabled.

B.SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldier.

C.SirLudwigGuttmannisfromGermany.

D.SirLudwigGuttmanniswelcomedbytheBritish.

问题5选项

A.oneoftheorganizersofthegamesforthedisabled

B.adisabledwhooncetookpartinthegames

C.againstholdingthegamesforthedisabled

D.inthefavorofholdingthegameforthedisabled

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany可知第一次举办残疾人运动会是在1948年，SirLudwigGuttmann是在1939年从纳粹德国被驱赶到英国，因此选C。

2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.（1960年，第一届残疾人奥运会在罗马举行）可知选C。

3.词义题。由文章第二段中的Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.（在1984年轮椅奥运会上，来自大约40个国家的1604名轮椅……参加了比赛）可知“athlete”是指参加比赛的人，A选项“支持者”，B选项“观看者”，C选项“组织者”，D选项“竞争者”，因此选D。

4.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.（1939年从纳粹德国被驱赶到英国的SirLudwigGuttmann，被英国政府要求在伦敦附近的MandevilleHospital设立一个受伤中心。他对治疗受伤的想法包括残疾人运动）可知A、C、D选项正确，B选项“SirLudwigGuttmann是一名受伤的士兵”并没有在文中提及，因此选B。

5.观点态度题。由文章最后一段中的TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports...Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.（奥运会在增进国际友谊和理解方面取得了巨大的成功，也证明了残疾并不意味着你不能享受体育运动……也许还需要再过几年，才能说服那些幸运到没有残疾的人，他们的残疾运动员不应该被排除在奥运会外）可知作者是支持残疾人运动会的，因此D选项“支持为残疾人举办比赛”符合题意。

8.单选题

AyoungcoupleemigratedsometimeagofromGreecetoEnglandandwasinvitedtobecomeamemberofalocalclub.Afterafewweeks,manyEnglishwomenfeltthatthebehaviorsoftheGreekmakeseemedlikeacomeonthatmakethemfeeluncomfortable!AtthesametimemanyEnglishmenfeltthattheGreekfemaleistooforwardinshowingthatsheissexuallyavailable!Infactnothingofthesortwashappeningandthewholemisunderstandingwascausedbythedifferent“intimacyzones”betweenpeopleofdifferentcultures.Asallanimalbeings,humanbeingsalsohaveadefinedspacearoundtheirbodies,whichtheyconsiderasvitalandtheyprotectasifitweretheirprivateproperty.Thisspaceiscalled“intimacyzones”andonlypeoplewhoareemotionallyclosetothepersonareallowedtoenterthiszone.Thatincludesparents,husbandsandwives,children,relatives,loversandclosefriends.

Greekshavean“intimacyzones”of25cmandsometimesevenless,whilefortheEnglishpeoplethiszoneisextendedto45cm.ThetwoGreeksfeltquitecomfortableatadistanceof25-30cmfromtheothers,withoutknowingthatthisdistancewasconsideredbytheEnglishasan“invasion”oftheir“intimacyzones.”Moreover,thefactthatGreeksareusedtolookingattheirnewfriendsdirectlyintheeyeandoftentouchthemwhiletalkingmadeEnglishpeopleformthewrongimpressionandmisjudgedthem.EnglishpeopleconsideredharassmentwhattheGreekcoupleconsideredasatypicalsocialget-together!And,conversely,thetwoGreekswerethinkingthattheirnewEnglishfriendswererudeandcoldbecausetheyconstantlykeptmovingawayfromthemallthetime,tryingtomaintainasafedistance.

Psycho-geographicaltheorieshaveprovedthatMediterraneanpeopleandalltheinhabitantsofwarmclimatestendtoexpresstheirfeelingsinanextremelydemonstrativewayandusebodylanguagemoreoftenthanNorthernpeople,whoseculturewantsthemtoberestrainedandtoavoidgesturesandbodycontactwhiletalking.

Itseemsthatforthosewhotravelabroadthesafestruleisthat“WhenyouareinRome,doastheRomansdo”,evenifthatmeansthatyouhavetocontrolyourfriendlyattitudesoastoadjustyourbodylanguagetotheculturalstandardsofthecountrywhichyouarein.

1.TheGreekcoupleseemedto________.

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthe“intimacyzone”?

3.A.Anintimacyzoneof25-30cmisconsidered________.

4.Thesafestrulewhentravelingabroadisto________.

5.Thepassageismainlywrittento________.

问题1选项

A.getalongwellwiththelocalpeople

B.berejectedbythelocalpeoplefromthebeginning

C.bequiteunpopularwiththelocalpeople

D.gettiredofdealingwiththelocalpeople

问题2选项

A.Itisauniquehumancharacteristic.

B.Itreferstothespacepeoplelivein.

C.Itisconsideredpersonalandimportant.

D.Itcanbeusedtotellfriendsfromenemies.

问题3选项

A.acomfortabledistancebytheEnglish

B.acomfortabledistancebyGreeks

C.rudeandcoldbytheEnglish

D.rudeandcoldbyGreeks

问题4选项

A.usemorebodylanguage

B.showafriendlyattitude

C.avoidbodycontactduringaconversation

D.followtherulesofthehostcountry

问题5选项

A.offertraveltipstopeopletravelingabroad

B.explainwhyhumanshaveintimacyzones

C.stresstheroleofbodylanguageincommunication

D.analyzemisunderstandingcausedbyculturaldifferences

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据第一段第二、三句Afterafewweeks,manyEnglishwomenfeltthatthebehaviorsoftheGreekmakeseemedlikeacomeonthatmakethemfeeluncomfortable!AtthesametimemanyEnglishmenfeltthattheGreekfemaleistooforward（几个星期后，许多英国妇女觉得希腊人的行为似乎是一种挑逗，使她们感到不舒服！与此同时，许多英国男人觉得希腊女性表现得太过无礼），可知这对希腊夫妇不受当地人欢迎，所以C选项“不受当地人欢迎”正确，A选项“与当地人相处融洽”错误。B选项“从一开始就被当地人拒绝”：根据第一段第一句AyoungcoupleemigratedsometimeagofromGreecetoEnglandandwasinvitedtobecomeamemberofalocalclub.（一对年轻夫妇不久前从希腊移民到英国，并被邀请成为当地俱乐部的一员。），可知一开始这对希腊夫妇是被欢迎的，故错误。D选项“厌倦与当地人打交道”文中没有提到。因此C选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据第一段第五、六句Asallanimalbeings,humanbeingsalsohaveadefinedspacearoundtheirbodies,whichtheyconsiderasvitalandtheyprotectasifitweretheirprivateproperty.Thisspaceiscalled“intimacyzone”andonlypeoplewhoareemotionallyclosetothepersonareallowedtoenterthiszone.（作为动物，人类在自己的身体周围也有一个特定的空间，他们认为这是至关重要的，他们像保护自己的私有财产一样保护它。这个空间被称为“亲密区”，只有在情感上与对方亲近的人才可以进入这个区域。），可知所有动物都有“亲密区”，对人而言是身体周围的空间，“亲密区”很重要，且只对亲近的人开放，所以C选项“它被视为私人且重要”正确，A选项“这是人类独有的特点”和B选项“它指的是人们居住的空间”错误。D选项“它可以用来区分朋友和敌人”文章没有提到。因此C选项正确。

3.事实细节题。根据第二段第二句ThetwoGreeksfeltquitecomfortableatadistanceof25-30cmfromtheothers,withoutknowingthatthisdistancewasconsideredbytheEnglishasan“invasion”oftheir“intimacyzone.”（两名希腊人对彼此25-30厘米的距离感到很舒服，却不知道英国人会把这个距离视为对他们“亲密区”的“入侵”。），可知希腊人觉得25-30厘米的距离是舒服的，所以B选项“希腊人的舒适距离”正确，A选项“英国人的舒适距离”错误。C选项“英国人认为粗鲁和冷漠”和D选项“希腊人认为粗鲁和冷漠”；根据第二段最后一句And,conversely,thetwoGreekswerethinkingthattheirnewEnglishfriendswererudeandcoldbecausetheyconstantlykeptmovingawayfromthemallthetime,tryingtomaintainasafedistance.（相反，这两个希腊人认为他们的英国新朋友既粗鲁又冷漠，因为他们一直在远离他们，试图保持安全的距离。），可知这里指的是希腊人因为英国人在远离他们而觉得他们粗鲁和冷漠，跟25-30厘米的距离没有直接关系。因此B选项正确。

4.语义推测题。根据第四段Itseemsthatforthosewhotravelabroadthesafestruleisthat“WhenyouareinRome,doastheRomansdo”,evenifthatmeansthatyouhavetocontrolyourfriendlyattitudesoastoadjustyourbodylanguagetotheculturalstandardsofthecountrywhichyouarein.（看来，出国旅行最安全的规则是“入乡随俗”，即使这意味着你必须控制你的友好态度，把你的肢体语言调整到符合你所在国家的文化标准。），可知出国旅行按照所在国家的规则行事是最安全的，所以D选项“遵守东道国的规则”正确，A选项“多使用肢体语言”，B选项“表现出友好的态度”和C选项“谈话时避免身体接触”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

5.主旨大意题。文章在第一段由希腊和英国的文化冲突引出“亲密区”的概念，第二段由“亲密区”的概念具体讲述英国和希腊的社交文化差异，第三段比较不同地域的人的文化差异，最后一段给出处理不同文化差异的建议，所以D选项“分析文化差异造成的误解”正确，A选项“为出国旅游的人提供旅游建议”，B选项“解释为什么人类有亲密地带”和C选项“强调肢体语言在交际中的作用”是文章的一部分，不能概括全文。因此D选项正确。

9.填空题

Theradioisn’tloud（1）.Couldyouturnit（2）please?

【答案】enough;up

【解析】1.语义题。句意:收音机的声音还不够大。请你调大一点，可以吗？此空应填一个后置定语,故填enough符合句意。

2.固定搭配。Turnup调大音量。

10.单选题

InmostearthquakestheEarth’scrustcrackslikeporcelain.Stressbuildsupuntilafractureformsatthedepthofafewkilometersandthecrustslipstorelievethestress.Someearthquakes,however,takeplacehundredsofkilo¬metersdownintheEarth'smantle,wherehighpressuremakesrocksoductilethatitflowsinsteadofcracking,evenunderstresssevereenoughtodeformitlikeputty.Howcantherebeearthquakesatsuchdepths?

Thatsuchdeepeventsdooccurhasbeenacceptedonlysince1927,whentheseismologistKiyooWadaticon¬vincinglydemonstratedtheirexistence.Insteadofcomparingthearrivaltimesofseismicwavesatdifferentlocations,asearlierresearchershaddone,Wadatireliedonalimedifferencebetweenthearrivalofprimary(P)wavesandtheslowersecondary(S)waves.BecausePandSwavestravelatdifferentbutfairlyconstantspeeds;theintervalbe¬tweentheirarrivalsincreasesinproportiontothedistancefromtheearthquakefocus，orarupturepoint.

Formostearthquakes,Wadatidiscovered,theintervalwasquiteshortneartheepicenter,thepointonthesur¬facewhereshakingisthestrongestforafewevents,however,thedelaywaslongenoughattheepicenter.Wadatisawasimilarpatternwhenheanalyzeddataontheintensityofshaking.Mostearthquakeshadasmallareaofintenseshaking,whichweakenedrapidlywithincreasingdistancefromtheepicenter,butotherswerecharacterizedbyalow¬erpeakintensity,feltoverabroaderarea.BoththeP-Sintervalsandtheintensitypatternssuggestedtwokindsofearthquakes:themorecommonshallowevents,inwhichthefocuslayjustundertheepicenter,andthedeepevents,withafocusseveralhundredkilometersdown.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatiftheSwavesfromanearthquakearriveatagivenlocationlongaf¬terthePwaves,whichofthefollowingmustbetrue?

3.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingmusttakeplaceinorderforanyearthquaketooccur?

4.Theauthor’sexplanationofhowdeepeventsoccurwouldbemostweakenedifwhichofthefollowingwerediscoveredtobetrue?

问题1选项

A.demonstratingwhythemethodsofearlyseismologistswereflawed

B.defendingarevolutionarytheoryaboutthecausesofearthquakesandmethodsofpredictingthem

C.discussingtheevidencefortheexistenceofdeepeventsandtheconditionsthatallowthemtooccur

D.comparingtheeffectsofshalloweventswiththoseofdeepevents

问题2选项

A.Theearthquakewasadeepevent.

B.Theearthquakewasashallowevent

C.Theearthquakefocuswasdistant.

D.Theearthquakehadalowpeakintensity.

问题3选项

A.Stressmustbuildup.

B.Coolrockmustdescendintothemantle.

C.Afracturemustoccur.

D.BothAandC.

问题4选项

A.Deepeventsarefarlesscommonthanshallowevents.

B.Deepeventsoccurinplacesotherthanwherecrustalplatesmeet.

C.Mantlerockismoreductileatadepthofseveralhundredkilometersthanitisat50kilometers.

D.ThespeedsofbothPandSwavesareslightlygreaterthanpreviouslythough.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】1.主旨题。根据文章第一段，“Howcantherebeearthquakesatsuchdepths…”，首先提出了问题，“这么深的地方是如何发生地震的”，文章第二段介绍了地震学家证明了这种深层地震的存在，根据第三段，“BoththeP-Sintervalsandtheintensitypatternssuggestedtwokindsofearthquakes”，地震学家继续论证了P-S间隔和强度模式表明存在两种地震。选项C符合题意。

2.推断题。根据文章第三段，“andthedeepevents,withafocusseveralhundredkilometersdown.”，可推断P-S间隔很长的就被称作deepevents，选项A符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句，“Stressbuildsupuntilafractureformsatthedepthofafewkilometers”，可知地震形成的条件包括压力的断裂。选项D符合题意。

4.推断题。根据文章第三段，“themorecommonshallowevents,”，可知A选项是原文已经提到了，可排除。根据第一段，“intheEarth'smantle,wherehighpressuremakesrocksoductile”，可知选项C是原文中提到的，可排除。根据文章第三段，“theP-Sintervalsandtheintensitypatterns”，P-S间隔会对不同类型的地震形成有影响，P和S的速度同时增加不会形成间隔，所以D选项可排除。选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

TheyweretheBoyScouts（）tohelpelderlypeoplecrossthestreet.

问题1选项

A.whosewasthetask

B.towhomitwasthetask

C.itwaswhosetask

D.whosetaskitwas

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句辨析。结合选项与题干可知本题考查的是定语从句。句意：他们是童子军……帮助老人过马路。定语从句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式部分，故答案为C项。

12.单选题

Theprotestswerepartoftheir（）againsttheproposedbuildingdevelopmentinthearea.

问题1选项

A.commission

B.commitment

C.convention

D.campaign

【答案】D

【解析】语义题。commission授权，委托；commitment承诺，许诺，保证；convention习俗，惯例。campaign运动,战役。根据句中protests，partof推测,D项campaign符合句意。

13.单选题

Ithadbeenanabominableafternoon,(

)ataboutSixO'clockinherfather'ssuddencollapseintosub-consciousness.

问题1选项

A.pitching

B.rising

C.soaring

D.culminating

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。pitch“投掷”；rise“上升”；soar“猛增”；culminate“达到顶点”。句意：那是一个糟糕的下午，大约六点钟她的父亲突然陷入昏迷。选项D符合题意。

14.单选题

Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscience,buttheirformandfunction,theirdimensionsandappearanceweredeterminedbytechnologists,artisans,designers,inventors,andengineers—usingnonscientificmodesofthought.Manyfeaturesandqualitiesoftheobjectsthatatechnologistthinksaboutcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbaldescriptions;theyaredealtwithinthemindbyavisual,nonverbalprocess.InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennonverbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetails,androcketsexistnotbecauseofgeometryorthermodynamics,butbecausetheywerefirstapictureinthemindsofthosewhobuiltthem.

Thecreativeshapingprocessofatechnologist’smindcanbeseeninnearlyeveryartifactthatexists.Forexample,indesigningadieselengine,atechnologistmightimpressindividualwaysofnonverbalthinkingonthemachinebycontinuallyusinganintuitivesenseofrightnessandfitness.Whatwouldbetheshapeofthecombustionchamber?Whereshouldbethevalvesplayed?Shouldithavealongorshortpiston?Suchquestionshavearangeofanswersthataresuppliedbyexperience,byphysicalrequirements,bylimitationsofavailablespace,andnotleastbyasenseofform.Somedecisions,suchaswallthicknessandpindiameter,maydependonscientificcalculations,butthenonscientificcomponentofdesignremainsprimary.

Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurricula.Nonverbalthinking,acentralmechanisminengineeringdesign,involvesperceptions,thestockintradeoftheartist,notthescientist.Becauseperceptiveprocessesarenotassumedtoentail“hardthinking”,nonverbalthoughtissometimesseenasaprimitivestageinthedevelopmentofcognitiveprocessandinferiortoverbalormathematicalthought.ButitisparadoxicalthatwhenthestaffoftheHistoricAmericanEngineeringRecordwishedtohavedrawingsmadeofmachinesandisometric(等距)viewsofindustrialprocessesforitshistoricalrecordofAmericanengineering,theonlycollegestudentswiththerequisiteabilitieswerenotengineeringstudents,butratherstudentsattendingarchitecturalschools.

Ifcoursesindesign,whichinastronglyanalyticalengineeringcurriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredforpracticalproblemsolving,arenotprovided,wecanexpecttoencountersillybutcostlyerrorsoccurringinadvancedengineeringsystems.Forexample,earlymodelsofhighspeedrailroadcarsloadedwithsophisticatedcontrolswereunabletooperateinasnowstormbecauseafansuckedsnowintotheelectricalsystem.Absurdrandomfailuresthatplagueautomaticcontrolsystemsarenotmerelytrivialaberrations,theyareareflectionofthechaosthatresultswhendesignisassumedtobeprimarilyaprobleminmathematics.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whatistheuseofnonscientificthinking?

2.Itcanbeinferredthattheengineeringcurricula（）.

3.Bysaying“paradoxical”inthethirdparagraph,theauthorpointsoutthat（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingisprobablyinaccordancewiththeauthor’sidea?

问题1选项

A.Criticalthinkingmaybederivedfromnonscientificthinking.

B.Manyfeaturesandqualitiesofanobjectcanbeimagined.

C.Manyobjectsarecreatedwithclearverbaldescriptions.

D.Peoplefromdifferenttradesmaybenefitfromnonscientificthinking.

问题2选项

A.arestrongdespitetheabsenceofnonscientificmodesofthinking

B.shouldnotemphasizenonverbalthinkinginallcourses

C.arethoughtto