考研考博-英语-兰州城市学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-兰州城市学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.填空题

IranintoWangTaoandLiSan（1）thetradefairinMunbaiinFebruary.I（2）seenthemsince2007（3）ofthemliketheirnewjobs,but（4）wantstostayinShenzhenmuchlonger.

【答案】1.at

2.Haven’t

3.Both

4.neither

【解析】1.语法题。此处应该用介词at。Atthetradefair在交易会上。

2.

语法题。此处有提示词since,所以此处表示

“自从2007年来,就没见过他们了”,因此用现在完成时的否定haven’t

done。

3.语义题。此处填both(两者都…)符合句意。

4.语义题。Neither表示“都不”。

2.单选题

Sexandconnections:thesearenotthecriteriaonwhichscienceshouldbejudged,leastofallbyscientists.Butinthefirstextensiveanalysisofthewaythatfellowshipsinscienceareawarded,whichispublishedthisweekinNature,ChristineWennerasandAgnesWold,microbiologistsatGothenburgUniversity,inSweden,foundthatthesefactorsmatterasmuchas,ifnotmorethan,scientificmerit.

Peerreview,theevaluation(oftenanonymous)ofapieceofscientificworkbyotherscientistsinthesamefield,iscentraltothewayinwhichscienceproceeds.Journalsuseittohelpdecidewhethertopublishpapersandfundingagenciesuseitwhendecidingtowhomtoawardgrants.

Dr.WennerasandDr.Woldanalyzedthereviewsofthe114applicationsthattheSwedishMedicalResearchCouncilreceivedforthe20postdoctoralfellowshipsitofferedin1995.Oftheapplicants,46%werewomen,ofthesuccessfulrecipients,oftheawardsonly20%werewomen.

Inprinciple,ofcourse,thatmightreflecttheirabilities.Inpractice,otherfactorsseemtobeatwork.

Whenthecouncilgetsagrantapplication,itisevaluatedbyfivereviewers,onthreemeasures:scientificcompetence,theproposedmethodologyandtherelevanceoftheresearch.Eachmeasureisgivenascoreofbetweenzeroandfour;eachreviewer’sscoresaremultipliedtogether,givingasinglescorebetweenzeroand64;andfinally,thescoresfromthereviewersareaveragedtogether,givingthetotalscore.

Dr.WennerasandDr.Woldidentified,aftercarefulanalysis,twofactorsthatimprovedthescoressignificantly:beingmaleandknowingareviewer.Infact,thedifferencewassogreatthatinordertogetthesamecompetencescoreasaman,awomanwouldneedeithertoknowsomeoneonthecommitteeortohavepublishedthreemorepapersthanthemaninNatureorScience.Itisoftenjokedthatawomanhastobetwiceasgoodasamantodowell;Dr.WennerasandDr.Woldfoundthatshewouldneedtobe,onaverage,2.5timesasgoodontheirmeasurestoberatedashighlybyreviewers.Suchbeingthecase,ambitiouswomanwouldperhapsdowelltoreturntoatime-honoredbutsupposedlyobsoletetradition,andapplyunderamalename.

1.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

2.Whatistheothermostimportantfactorbesidesexthatmayaffectpeerreviewscores?

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestbyusing“supposedly”inthelastsentence?

4.Thispieceofwritingismostlikely______.

问题1选项

A.Abusesinpeerreview

B.Favoritismingrantingfellowships

C.Acomparisonofmaleandfemalescientists

D.Sexdiscriminationinthescienceworld

问题2选项

A.Connections

B.Publicationofpapersinmajorsciencejournals

C.Competenceoftheresearcher

D.Methodsusedbytheresearch

问题3选项

A.Itisnolongerfashionableforwomentowriteundermalenames.

B.Biasagainstwomenstillexiststoday.

C.Womentodayareonanequalfootingwithmen.

D.Nowadayswomendoaswellinscienceasmen.

问题4选项

A.anewsreport

B.aresearchpaper

C.alecture

D.anargument

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，由题干可以定位到文章第一段，性别本不是评判科学的标准，但这个因素与科学价值同等重要，甚至更重要。D选项“科学世界中的性别歧视”，符合文章的内容大意，文章主要讲的是在科学界的性别歧视，D选项正确。B选项“同行评审中的弊端”，文章虽有提到这个内容，但不是文章的主要内容，因此可排除B选项。C选项“男性和女性科学家的比较”，文章部分内容有提到，但不是文章主要内容，因此C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第一句Sexandconnections:thesearenotthecriteriaonwhichscienceshouldbejudged,leastofallbyscientists（性与联系：这些都不是评判科学的标准，尤其是科学家），虽说如此，但在下文出现了转折，也就是说这两点是会作为评判标准因此可推测影响评判标准除了性别还有联系。A选项“联系”，符合文章内容。A选项正确。B选项“在主要科学期刊上发表论文”，文章说同行评议是为了帮助决定是否发表论文，可排除B选项。C选项“研究人员的能力”，同行评议可能会反映个人能力，能力的高低并不会成为决定性因素，可排除C。D选项“研究采用的方法”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除D选项。因此A选项正确。

3.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句Suchbeingthecase,ambitiouswomanwouldperhapsdowelltoreturntoatime-honoredbutsupposedlyobsoletetradition,andapplyunderamalename.（在这种情况下，有抱负的女性或许应该回到一个历史悠久但被认为过时的传统，用男性的名字申请），因此可推测，对于女性的歧视，仍然存在。B选项“对妇女的偏见今天仍然存在”，符合文章内容，因此B选项正确。A选项“女性用男性的名字写作已不再时髦”，名字的表面内容并不是作者想表达的，因此A选项可排除。C选项“今天妇女与男子处于平等地位”，妇女和男子不可能处于平等地位，因此C选项可排除。D选项“现在女性在科学领域的表现和男性一样好”，文章所说，妇女要表现得好于男性的2.5倍才可能达到男性的待遇，D选项可排除。因此B选项正确。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干这篇文章最有可能是……，通读全文，可以推测这篇文章最有可能为一则新闻报道。A选项“一则新闻报道”正确。B选项“研究论文”，根据文章内容来看，论文需要更严谨，因此可排除B选项。C选项“一堂讲座”，讲座的内容需要更口语化，因此也可排除C选项。D选项“一场辩论赛”，文章没有体现争论，D选项可排除。因此A选项正确。

3.单选题

Sheworegloveswhenshewasgardeningtopreventthenettlesfrom_____her.

问题1选项

A.flicking

B.striking

C.stinging

D.flapping

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。flicking“闪烁”；striking“打击，罢工”；stinging“刺痛”；flapping“拍打”。句意：当她打理花园时，会戴手套，以防荨麻刺痛自己。选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

Atthepressconference,thePrimeMinister（）thegovernment’srefusaltocompromisewithterrorists.

问题1选项

A.rectified

B.recited

C.rekindled

D.reiterated

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。rectify“调整，矫正”；recite“背诵，叙述”；rekindle“复燃”；reiterate“重申，重复”。句意：在记者招待会上，首相重申了政府拒绝向恐怖分子妥协这一申明。选项D符合题意。

5.不定项选择题

Whenyouchooseafreezer,rememberit’sprobablygoingtobewithyouforalongtime.Nosinglestyleorsizeisbest,soit’simportanttoknowwhichfreezerisrightforyourneeds.

First,decideifyouwantanuprightorchestmodel.Uprightsaremoreconvenient.Theirstoragespaceismoreaccessibleandtheytakeuplessfloorarea.However,chestmodelsaremoreenergy-efficientbecauselesscoldairescapeswhentheyareopen.

Ifyou’rebuyinganupright,you’llhavetochoosebetweenfrostlessormanualdefrost.Chestfreezersarealwaysmanual.Frostlessfreezersautomaticallydefrostatpresetintervalsandremovethewater.Manualmodelsmustbedefrostedbyhandeveryfewmonthsorwheneverfrostaccumulatestoaboutaquarterofaninch.

Tohelpyourfreezerreacharipeoldage,trytofindaspotthat’scool,dry,andawayfromdrafts.Draftsandheatwillraisethefreezer’scabinettemperatureandmakeitworkhardertokeepcool.Thatmeanswastedenergyandashortenedcompressorlife.

Dryairisimportantbecausehighhumiditycancausethefreezertorustoutsideandfrostupinside.Withpropercare,afreezercanserveyoufor15yearsormore.

Frostlessmodelsrequirelesscarethanmanualdefrostfreezers.Theinteriorofafrostlessunitshouldbewashedperiodicallywithwarmwaterandbakingsodaoramildsoap,rinsed,anddried.

Togetthemostfromyourfreezer,checkregularlytomakesureit’sprovidingatruezero-degreetemperature.

Keepthefreezeratleastthree-quartersfull.Theemptieritgets,themoreenergyiswaswasted.Ifmorethanthreepoundsoffoodpercubicfootofstoragespaceisaddedevery24hours,theresultinghighorlowtemperaturescandamagethefood.

1.WhichisNOTthedifferencebetweenuprightmodelfreezerandchestmodelfreezer?

2.Theunderlinedword“manual”inthethirdparagraphmeans（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,choosingthebestplaceforyourfreezermeans（

）.

4.WhichisNOTmentionedaboutthefactorswhichcaninfluencethelifespanoffreezers?

5.Whichstatementbestdescribesthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Anuprightmodeltakeslessroomontheground.

B.Anuprightfreezeriseasierforpeopletoputinandtakeoutfood.

C.Achestfreezerismoreeffectivethananuprightone.

D.Achestmodelneedmanualdefrostwhileanuprightoneneedn’t.

问题2选项

A.man-made

B.automatic

C.usinghands

D.everlasting

问题3选项

A.puttingitinanunheatedgarageifpossible

B.tryingtokeepitawayfromheat,drafts,andhumidity

C.locatingitnearasinkifitisamanual-defrostmodel

D.locatingitascloseaspossibletothekitchendoor

问题4选项

A.Humidity

B.Propercare

C.Theamountofstorage

D.Surroundingtemperature

问题5选项

A.Itdiscussestheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffreezers.

B.Ittellsthemosteconomicalwaystouseafreezer.

C.Itexplainshowtodefrostamanual-defrostfreezer.

D.Itoffersadviceaboutchoosingandcaringforafreezer.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。题干：立式冰柜和箱式冰柜的区别是什么？A选项“立式冰柜占的空间更小。”；B选项“直立式冰箱更便于人们放入和取出食物。”；C选项“箱式冰箱比立式冰箱更有效。”；D选项“箱式冰柜需要人工除霜，而立式冰柜则不需要。”。第二段第二句话：Uprightsaremoreconvenient.Theirstoragespaceismoreaccessibleandtheytakeuplessfloorarea.However,chestmodelsaremoreenergy-efficient…（立式冰箱比较方便。它们的存储空间更方便，占用的面积更少。然而，箱式冰柜更节能……），由此可以看出A、B、C正确；虽然前面半句正确但是文章没有提到立式冰柜不需要除霜，所以答案选D。

第2题:事实细节题。A“人造的”；B选项“自动的”；C选项“使用手的”；D选项“永恒的”。定位到文章第三段第一句Ifyou’rebuyinganupright,you’llhavetochoosebetweenfrostlessormanualdefrost（如果你要买直筒式的，你必须在无霜和（）除霜之间做出选择。）这里根据句意是说有两种冰箱做选择，有些冰箱是无霜冰箱，既然是做选择也就是另一些是有霜的，这些有霜冰箱不能自动除霜就需要手动来除霜。所以这里答案选C，其他选项不符合题意。

第3题:事实细节题。题干：根据文章，为你的冰箱选择最好的地方意味着……A选项“如果可能的话，把它放在没有暖气的车库里”；B选项“尽量让它远离热量，气流和湿度”；C选项“如果它是手动除霜型，就把它放在水槽附近”；D选项“把它放在离厨房门越近越好”。根据题干定位到第四段第一句话…trytofindaspotthat’scool,dry,andawayfromdrafts（……找一个凉爽、干燥、远离穿堂风的地方），B选项是这句话的同意替换，所以答案选B选项。文章没有建议把冰箱放在某个具体的地方，所以答案A、C、D都不能选。

第4题:事实细节题。题干：影响冰箱寿命的因素有哪些没有提到？A选项“湿度”；B选项“适当的维护”；C选项“存储的数量”；D选项“周围的温度”。定位到文章第四段第一句…trytofindaspotthat’scool,dry,andawayfromdrafts（……找一个凉爽、干燥、远离穿堂风的地方）这里讲了温度和湿度，所以答案A、D排除；定位到第五段第二句话Withpropercare,afreezercanserveyoufor15yearsormore.（如果使用得当，冰箱可以为你服务15年甚至更久）这里讲的是维护和保养，所以B选项排除；答案选C选项。

第5题:主旨大意题。A选项“它讨论了冰箱的优点和缺点”；B选项“它告诉了最经济的使用冰箱的方法”；C选项“它解释了如何解冻一个手动解冻冰柜”；D选项“它提供了选择和照顾冰箱的建议”。定位到文章第一段第一句话Whenyouchooseafreezer…（当你选冰箱的时候……）；第二段第一句话First,decideifyouwantanuprightorchestmodel.（首先，决定你是想要一个直立的还是箱型的）；第四段第一句话Tohelpyourfreezerreacharipeoldage…（为了让你的冰箱寿命更长……）从这些可以看出这篇文章是关于冰箱的选择和保养的文章，所以答案选D。

6.填空题

Thefirequicklyspreadthroughthehotel,butfortunatelytherewereonlya

（1）guestsandtheyallmanagedto（2）.

【答案】1.few

2.escape

【解析】1.语义题。afew后面接可数名词，表示“少量，几个”

2.语义题。句意:他们都成功逃脱了。

7.单选题

Itisthroughlearningthattheindividual（

）

manyhabitualwaysofreactingtosituations.

问题1选项

A.retains

B.gains

C.achieves

D.acquired

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。retain“保持”；gain“获得”，指通过努力获得自己想要的东西；achieve“收获，获得”，指凭借长期的努力实现自己的目标；acquire“获得”，指通过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等。通过分析，选项D符合题意。

8.单选题

______thedoorthansomebodystartedknockingonit.

问题1选项

A.Ihadclosednosooner

B.Ihadnosoonerclosed

C.NosoonerhaveIclosed

D.NosoonerIclosed

【答案】B

【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：我刚关上门，就有人开始敲门。nosooner…than是固定搭配，意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时，than后面的从句用一般过去时，基本用法为：主语+hadnosoonerdonesth.than+主语+did。因此B选项正确。

9.单选题

______elephantsaredifferentfromwildelephantsinmanyaspects,includingtheirtempers.

问题1选项

A.Cultivated

B.Regulated

C.Civil

D.Tame

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.Cultivated用于耕作的；有教养的B.Regulated调节的

C.Civil国民的；平民的D.Tame养驯的，驯服的

【答案】D

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】按照句意“______的大象和野象在很多方面都不一样，包括它们的脾气”可知，野象脾气不稳定，而驯服的大象会更温顺，所以空格处表示“驯服的”符合句意，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。

【句意】驯象和野象在很多方面都不一样，包括它们的脾气。

10.案例题

Wheneveryouseeanoldfilm,evenonemadeaslittleastenyearsago.youcannothelpbeingstruckbytheappearanceofthewomentakingpart.Theirhair-stylesandmake-uplookdated:theirskirtslookeithertoolongortooshort;theirgeneralappearanceis,infact,slightlyludicrous.Thementakingpartinthefilm,ontheotherhand,areclearlyrecognizable.Thereisnothingabouttheirappearancetosuggestthattheybelongtoanentirelydifferentage.

Thisillusioniscreatedbychangingfashions.（1）.

Thesamecannotbesaidforwomen.Eachyearafewso-calledtopdesignersinParisorLondonlaydownthelawandwomenoverthewholeworldrushtoobey.Thedecreesofthedesignersareunpredictableanddictatorial.Thisyear,theydecideintheirarbitraryfashion,skirtswillbeshortandwaistswillbehigh;zipsareinandbuttonsareout.Nextyearthelawisreversedandfarfromtakingexception,nooneisevenmildlysurprised.

Ifwomenaremercilesslyexploitedyearafteryeartheyhaveonlythemselvestoblame.（2）.Clothes,whichhavebeenworn,onlyafewtimeshavetobediscardedbecauseofthedictatesoffashion.Whenyoucometothinkofit,onlyawomeniscapableofstandinginfrontofawardrobepackedfullofclothesandannouncingsadlythatshehasnothingtowear.

（3）.Manywomensquandervastsumsofmoneyeachyeartoreplaceclothesthathavehardlybeenworn.Women,whocannotaffordtodiscardclothinginthisway,wastehoursoftheirtimealteringthedressestheyhave.Hem-limesaretakenuporletdown;waist-linesaretakeninorletout;neck-linesareloweredorraised,andsoon.

（4）.Fashiondesignersarerarelyconcernedwithvitalthingslikewarmth,comfortanddurability.Theyareonlyinterestedinoutwardappearanceandtheytakeadvantageofthefactthatwomenwillputupwithanyamountofdiscomfort,providingtheylookright.Therecanhardlybeamanwhohasn'tatsometimeinhislifesmiledatthesightofawomanshiveringinaflimsydressonawintryday,ordelicatelypickingherwaythroughdeepsnowindaintyshoes.

（5）.Dotheconstantlychangingfashionsofwomen'sclothes,onewonders,reflectbasicqualitiesofficklenessandinstability?Menaretoosensibletoletthemselvesbebulliedbyfashiondesigners.Dotheirunchangingstylesofdressreflectbasicqualitiesofstabilityandreliability?Thatisforyoutodecide.

A.Changingfashionsarenothingmorethanthedeliberatecreationofwaste.

B.Noonecanclaimthatthefashionindustrycontributesanythingreallyimportanttosociety.

C.Thedifferencebetweenmenandwomeninthemaileroffashionisfascinating.

D.Overtheyear,thegreatmajorityofmenhavesuccessfullyresistedallattemptstomakethemchangetheirstyleofdress.

E.Becausetheyshudderatthethoughtofbeingseeninpublicinclothesthatareoutoffashion,theyareannuallyblack-mailedbythedesignersandthebigstores.

Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions1〜5,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistatoetofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.

【答案】（1）D

（2）E

（3）A

（4）B

（5）C

【解析】1.上文提到，电影中的女士会让人觉得外表和现在相比差别很大，而男士却没什么变化。这种错觉是由不断变化的时尚造成的。填空处的下文提到女性对时尚改变的态度和反应，由此可推断，填空处应该是指男士对时尚改变的态度，两者形成对比。选项D正确。

2.上一句提到：如果妇女年复一年受到无情的剥削,那只能怪她们自己。选项E道出了受到无情剥削的原因，符合原文逻辑。

3.本段主要讲述女性浪费金钱购买衣服或花费时间修改衣服。选项A概括了本段内容。

4.本段主要讲设计师们只关注服装的外在形式，而并不关注实用的东西。选项B符合本段大意。

5.根据下文的内容：人们不禁要问，不断变化的女装时尚是否反映了基本原则易变和不稳定的特性?接下来提到男士对待时尚的态度。作者对男女对待时尚的不同态度提出了质疑。选项C符合原文逻辑。

11.单选题

WrestlerJake“TheSnake”RoberttoldTMZ.comthathewill（）emergencysurgerytoremoveacanceroustumour.

问题1选项

A.uphold

B.undergo

C.transfer

D.trigger

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项uphold表示“支撑，鼓励，赞成”；B选项undergo表示“经历，经受，忍受”；C选项transfer表示“转让，转移”；D选项trigger表示“触发，引起”。由句意可知，这位摔跤手告诉TMZ.com网站说，他将进行紧急手术，切除癌症肿瘤。因此，只有undergo的词义最符合句意，故本题正确答案为B选项。

12.单选题

1.

问题1选项

A.About12pints.

B.About3pints.

C.About4pints.

D.About7pints.

【答案】A

【解析】W:Itwouldhelpmeifyoucouldgooverlastweekandgivemeanideahowmuchbeerdrankeachevening.

M:Well,letmesee,Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening.

Q:Howmuchbeerdidthemandrinklastweek?

【解析】细节题。男士说：Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening（我上周一共去酒吧4次，每晚喝3品脱啤酒），因此男士上周共喝了12品脱啤酒。

13.单选题

Howeverimportantwemayregardschoollifetobe,thereisnogainsayingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Thereforethegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbeignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.Theycanbecomestrongalliesoftheschoolpersonnelortheycanconsciouslyhinderandthwartcurricularobjectives.

Administratorshavebeenawareoftheneedtokeepparentsinformedofthenewermethodsusedinschools.Manyprincipalshaveconductedworkshopsexplainingsuchmattersasthereadingreadinessprogram,manuscriptwriting,anddevelopmentalmathematics.

Moreover,theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.Themanyinterviewscarriedonduringtheyearsaswellasnewwaysofreportingpupilsprogress,cansignificantlyaidinachievingaharmoniousinterplaybetweenschoolandhome.

Toillustrate,supposethatafatherhasbeendrillingJuniorinarithmeticprocessesnightafternight.Inafriendlyinterview,theteachercanhelptheparentsublimatehisnaturalpaternalinterestintoproductivechannels.HemightbepersuadedtoletJuniorparticipateindiscussingthefamilybudget,buyingthefood,usingayardstickormeasuringcupathome,settingtheclock,calculatingmileageonatrip,andengaginginscoresofotheractivitiesthathaveamathematicalbasis.

Ifthefatherfollowstheadvice,itisreasonabletoassumethathewillsoonrealizehissonismakingsatisfactoryprogressinmathematicsand,atthesametime,enjoyingthework.

Toooften,however,teachers’conferenceswithparentsaredevotedtopettyaccountsofchildren’smisdemeanors,complaintsaboutlazinessandpoorworkhabits,andsuggestionsforpenaltiesandrewardsathome.

Whatisneededismorecreativeapproachinwhichtheteacher,asaprofessionaladviser,plantsideasinparents’mindsforthebestutilizationofthemanyhoursthatthechildspendsoutoftheclassroom.

Inthisway,theschoolandthehomejoinforcesinfosteringthefullestdevelopmentofyoungsters’capacities.

1.Thecentralideaconveyedinthepassageisthat（

）.

2.Theauthordirectlydiscussesthefactthat（

）.

3.Itcanreasonablybeinferredthattheauthor（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

5.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthispassageisto（

）.

问题1选项

A.hometrainingismoreimportantthanschooltrainingbecauseachildspendssomanyhourswithhisparents

B.teacherscanandshouldhelpparentstounderstandandfurthertheobjectivesoftheschool

C.parentsunwittinglyhavehinderedandthwartedcurricularobjectives

D.therearemanywaysinwhichthemathematicsprogramcanbeimplementedathome

问题2选项

A.parentsdrilltheirchildrentoomuchinarithmetic

B.principalshaveexplainedthenewartprogramstoparents

C.afathercanhavehissonhelphimconstructarticlesathome

D.aparent’smisguidedeffortscanberedirectedtoproperchannels

问题3选项

A.believesthatschoolsarelackinginguidancepersonnel

B.believespresentrelationshipsbetweenhomeandschoolaresatisfying

C.feelsthatthetraditionalprograminmathematicsisslightlysuperiortothedevelopmentalprogram

D.feelsthatparentteacherinterviewscanbemademuchmoreconstructivethantheyareatpresent.

问题4选项

A.participationininterestingactivitiesrelatingtoaschoolsubjectimprovesone’sachievementinthatarea

B.schoolprincipalsdomorethantheirshareininterpretingthecurriculumtotheparents

C.onlyasmallpartoftheschooldayshouldbesetapartfordrillinginarithmetic

D.toomanychildrenarelazyandhavepoorworkhabits

问题5选项

A.tellparentstopaymoreattentiontotheguidanceofteachersinthematterofeducationalactivitiesinthehome

B.helpensurethateverychild’scapacitiescanfullydevelopwhenheleavesschool

C.urgeteachersandschooladministratorstomakeuseofamuchunderusedresourceoftheparents

D.improvetheteachingapproachinmathematicsinandoutsidetheclassroom

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:1.结合全文内容可知，第一段提出父母对孩子的影响是不容忽视的，接下来的内容主要是讨论如何帮助家长理解并且推进学校目标的关键——教师。所以选项B更能概括全文。

2.根据第三段第一句“theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.”课堂老师在得到上级允许的情况下，也可以起到启发家长的重要作用。第三段列举了具体的例子，所以选项D符合原文。

3.根据倒数第二段的内容，作为一名专业顾问，教师最需要的是一种创造性的方法和家长沟通，以便他们知道如何有效的利用孩子们的课外时间。由此可知，作者认为教师和家长之间的沟通可以更进一步，更具有建设性意义。选项D符合原文。

4.根据第四五段的内容可知，作者暗示参加与学校课程有关的有趣活动可以提高一个人在该领域的成就。选项A符合原文。

5.根据原文内容可知，本文强调父母的巨大影响不能被老师忽视或轻视，学校要和家庭联合起来，合力促进青少年能力的全面发展。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是为了敦促教师和学校管理者利用家长这个未得到充分利用的资源。选项C正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

14.单选题

Thegovernorwilladoptnewmeasuresto（

）thelivingstandardsoftheordinarycitizens.

问题1选项

A.speedup

B.lift

C.hoist

D.elevate

【答案】D

【解析】句意:州长将会采取新措施提升普通市民的生活水平。

考查动词辨析。speedup加速;lift举起，提升（指用人力或机械力把某物升到较高的位置）;hoist(用绳索,起重机等)吊起,提升,拉高;elevate提升，举起，振奋情绪等。空格处动词的宾语为thelivingstandards(生活水平),故D符合句意。

15.单选题

Mechanizationhasgradually（）manyoftheranchingandagriculturaljobsonceavailabletotheIndians,andfewindustrieshavebeenattractedtothearea.

问题1选项

A.disposed

B.eliminated

C.discarded

D.terminated

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A:disposed“处置”；B:eliminated“排除，消除；淘汰”；C:discarded“丢弃，抛弃”；D:terminated“结束；使终结”。句意：机械化逐渐使印度淘汰了许多牧场和农业工作，而这地区很少吸引到工业。结合此处语境，工业化应该是减少了农牧业工作，因此B为正确答案。

16.单选题

Notalldecisionsarealike.（1）iseverydecisionmadeinthesamemanner.Althoughsomeactionsyouundertake（2）theirbasisfromnewlymadedecisions,thereareotherinstances（3）decision-makingdoesnotreallytakeplace.Thelatter,accordingtoDeaconandFirebaugh,mayinvolveroutine,programmed,impulsiveorintuitiveaction.Whenyouwakeupinthemorningandpreparetoattendclass,doyouconsciouslymakedecisionsabout（4）thingsaswhich,sideofyourhairtocombfirst,howtobrushyourteeth,orwhichshoeto（5）first?Probably（6）.Althoughyoumayhavemadeaconsciousdecisionaboutwhatyouweregoingtoweartoclass,youprobably（7）anytimeinmakingadecisionabouthowtogetreadytoattendclass.Everyindividualhascertainhabitsorroutinebehaviors.Althoughtheyoriginatedfromdecisionsmade（8）inyourlife,younolongerconsciouslymakethesedecisionseachtimeyouundertakethistypeofaction.Routineplansoractionsserveausefulpurposeinyourdailylifeandmanagement.Howlongwouldittakeyoutogetup,getready,andwalktoclassifyouhadtomakeseparatedecisionsforeachactionyoutake?Youuseroutineplansoractionsasresourcetomake（9）decisions.

Inadditiontothehabitualbehaviorsorroutinesyoufollow,youalsohavecertainspecificactionsyouundertakeina（10）situations.Thesearecalledprogrammeddecisions.Programmeddecisionsaredifferentfromroutines.Routineplansoractionsarepatternsofbehavioralactionsrepeatedlyundertakenonaconsistentandregularbasis.Programmeddecisions,（11）,utilizeyourpastexperienceinasimilarsituationForinstance,youknowyouaregoingtohaveatest.Yourmethodofstudyingforthistestwillbedone（12）yourknowledgeofasimilarexperience.Thedegreeofsuccess（13）achievedwillbeadeterminantinhow,when,where,andthelengthoftimeyoustudyforthistest.

Programmeddecisions,likeroutines,area(n)（14）inyourmanagement.Whentheactionundertakenproves.tobesuccessfulyourepeatthesameactionthenexttimeasimilarsituationoccurs.Thesuccessfulachievement,（15）thesatisfactionyoureceived,determineswhenandtheextenttowhichyoumodifytheoriginaldecision（16）employingitagainin（17）situations.

Bothroutineand（18）decisionsserveusefulpurposes.Theyactasresourcesby（19）theneedtomakenewdecisions.Theyalsoevaluatemanagerialactions.Thesuccessyouachieveenablesyoutobypassor（20）theuseofthedecision-makingprocess.

问题1选项

A.Not

B.No

C.Nor

D.Never

问题2选项

A.toderive

B