考研考博-英语-广东农工商职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东农工商职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Underno______willIgothereagain.

问题1选项

A.circumstances

B.situation

C.environment

D.occurrences

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项circumstances“状况；境遇”，undernocircumstances“无论如何都不”；B选项situation“形势，局面”；C选项environment“环境”；D选项occurrences“发生的事情；（某事物的）发生”。句意：在任何______下我都不会再去那里了。根据语境，这里指的是在任何情况下都不会再去那里，结合词组undernocircumstances“无论如何都不”，A选项circumstances“状况；境遇”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

2.单选题

Followthemoneyandyouwillendupinspace.That’sthemessagefromafirst-of-its-kindforumonminingbeyondEarth.

ConvenedinSydneybytheAustralianCentreforSpaceEngineeringResearch,theeventbroughttogetherminingcompanies,roboticsexperts,lunarscientists,andgovernmentagenciesthatareallworkingtomakespaceminingareality.

Theforumcomeshotontheheelsofthe2012unveilingoftwoprivateasteroid-miningfirm.

PlanetaryResourcesofWashingtonsaysitwilllaunchitsfirstprospectingtelescopesintwoyears,whileDeepSpaceIndustriesofVirginiahopestobeharvestingmetalsfromasteroidsby2020.Anothercommercialventurethatsprungupin2012,GoldenSpikeofColorado,willbeofferingtripstothemoon,includingtopotentiallunarminers.

Withinafewdecades,thesefirmsmaybemeetingearthlydemandsforpreciousmetals,suchasplatinumandgold,andtherareearthelementsvitalforpersonalelectronics,suchasyttriumandlanthanum.ButlikethegoldrushpioneerswhotransformedthewesternUnitedStates,thefirstspaceminerswon’tjustenrichthemselves.Theyalsohopetobuildanoff-planeteconomyfreeofanybondswithEarth,inwhichthematerialsextractedandprocessedfromthemoonandasteroidsaredeliveredforspace-basedprojects.

Inthisscenario,waterminedfromotherworldscouldbecomethemostdesiredcommodity.“Inthedesert,what’sworthmore:akilogramofgoldorakilogramofwater?”asksKrisZacnyofHoneybeeRoboticsinNewYork.“Goldisuseless.Waterwillletyoulive.”

Watericefromthemoon’spolescouldbesenttoastronautsontheInternationalSpaceStationfordrinkingorasaradiationshield.Splittingwaterintooxygenandhydrogenmakesspacecraftfuel,soice-richasteroidscouldbecomeinterplanetaryrefuelingstations.

Companiesareeyeingtheiron,silicon,andaluminuminlunarsoilandasteroids,whichcouldbeusedin3Dprinterstomakesparepartsormachinery.Otherswanttoturnspacedirtintoconcreteforlandingpads,sheltersandroads.

1.Inthepassagetheauthormentionsseveralcompaniesprimarilyto（

）.

2.Theauthorindicatesthatspaceminingcouldhavewhichpositiveeffect?

3.Asusedinthepassagetheword“demands”underlinedmostnearlymeans

（

）.

4.Whatfunctiondoesthediscussionofwaterinlastpartofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.notethetechnologicaladvancesthatmakespaceminingpossible

B.provideevidenceofthegrowinginterestinspacemining

C.emphasizethelargeprofitstobemadefromspacemining

D.highlightthediversewaystocarryoutspaceminingoperations

问题2选项

A.ItcouldyieldmaterialsimportanttoEarth’seconomy

B.ItcouldraisethevalueofsomepreciousmetalsonEarth

C.Itcouldcreateunanticipatedtechnologicalinnovations

D.Itcouldchangescientists’understandingofspaceresources

问题3选项

A.offers

B.claims

C.inquiries

D.desires

问题4选项

A.Itcontinuesanextendedcomparisonthatbeginsinthepreviousparagraph

B.Itprovidesanunexpectedanswertoaquestionraisedinthepreviousparagraph

C.Itoffershypotheticalexamplessupportingaclaimmadeinthepreviousparagraph

D.Itexaminespossibleoutcomesofaproposalputforthinthepreviousparagraph

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。文章第三、四、五段提到了几家公司并说到了他们的一些举措或计划，尤其第三段说到“Theforumcomeshotontheheelsofthe2012unveilingoftwoprivateasteroid-miningfirm2012年，两家私营小行星采矿公司刚刚成立，紧接着这个论坛就变得火热起来”说明很多公司对在太空采矿的兴趣正日益增加。因此B选项“提供证据表明人们对太空采矿的兴趣日益浓厚”符合题意。

2.判断推理题。作者在第五段提到“Withinafewdecades,thesefirmsmaybemeetingearthlydemandsforpreciousmetals,suchasplatinumandgold,andtherareearthelementsvitalforpersonalelectronics,suchasyttriumandlanthanum.在几十年内，这些公司可能会满足地球上对贵金属的需求，比如铂和金，以及对个人电子产品至关重要的稀土元素，比如钇和镧”，这些都是对太空采矿感兴趣的公司，因此这里说的就是太空采矿的好处，A选项“它可以产生对地球经济很重要的物质”符合文意。

3.判断推理题。句中用来与demands搭配的动词是“meeting满足”，因此此处desire“要求”可与demand对等。

4.判断推理题。文章最后一部分讨论水，原因可在倒数第三段第一句找到“Inthisscenario,waterminedfromotherworldscouldbecomethemostdesiredcommodity在这种情况下，从太空中开采的水可能成为最受欢迎的商品”。这里是在为上文说到的“Theyalsohopetobuildanoff-planeteconomyfreeofanybondswithEarth,inwhichthematerialsextractedandprocessedfromthemoonandasteroidsaredeliveredforspace-basedprojects.他们还希望建立一个与地球没有任何联系的外星球经济，从月球和小行星上提取和处理的物质被运送到太空项目中。”提供一个例子，而这一切都还是假设，因此C选项“它为前一段的观点提供了假设的例子”正确。

3.单选题

10.

问题1选项

A.Themanisworkingtoohard.

B.Themanneedstothinkitover.

C.Themanissupposedtofindajob.

D.Themanhasmadearightdecision.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Takingalongview,I’mleavingthecompany.

W:Why?

M:Ioftenhavetooverworkwhichwilldoharmtomyhealth.

W:Butthejobmarketisverytight,youknow.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】推断题。男士打算离职,女士说：Butthejobmarketisverytight(但是就业市场紧张)，由此推断她是劝男士考虑清楚再做决定。

4.单选题

.Inthemuseumthereisa（

）oftheshipMayflower.

问题1选项

A.supplement

B.nucleus

C.miniature

D.valve

【答案】C

【解析】supplement增补,补充；nucleus核心；miniature微小的模型；valve阀,活门。句意:博物馆里有一艘五月花号船的微缩模型。选项C符合句意。

5.翻译题

在圣诞节这一天，许多美国人去做礼拜或是走亲访友。他们会吃一顿特别的大餐。在圣诞节这一天，无论美国人走到哪里，他们都会互相祝福“圣诞快乐”。在美国，音乐是庆祝圣诞节的重要方式。美国人喜欢各种各样的圣诞歌曲。

【答案】OnthedayofChristmas,manyAmericansgotochurchorvisittheirrelativesandfriends.Theyalwayshaveaspecialdinner.Onthatday,whereverAmericansgo,theyalwayswisheachotherMerryChristmas.MusicisoftenanimportantwaytocelebrateChristmasintheUnitedStates.AmericansenjoyallkindsofChristmassongs.

6.翻译题

Asthepaceoflifecontinuestoincreaseinmodernsociety,wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.Onceyouareinthehabitofrushingthroughlife,beingonthegofrommorningtillnight,itisveryhardtoslowdown.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymindandbody.Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Infact,itisnotthebadthingitisoftensupposedtobe.Acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovideonewithmotivationandgivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestressgetsoutofcontrolthatitcanleadtopoorperformanceandillhealth.Sincewecannotremovestressfromourlives,weneedtofindwaystodealwithitinordertostayhealthyinmindandbody.

【答案】随着现代社会生活节奏的不断加快，我们正在迅速失去放松的艺术。一旦你习惯了匆匆忙忙的生活，从早到晚忙个不停，就很难慢下来。但是放松对健康的身心是必不可少的。压力是日常生活中无法避免的一部分。实际上，有压力并不是人们习惯认为的坏事。一定的压力会给人的生活提供动力，让人有生活的目标，所以是必不可少的。只有当压力失控时它才可能导致人们表现不佳，身体不好。既然我们在生活中无法摆脱压力，我们就需要找到办法来应对它，才能在身体和心理上保持健康。

7.翻译题

吸引大量观众的体育运动，为人们观赏青春的活力、速度和力量提供了一个窗口。它所展示的技能水平强烈地吸引着人们。男性之所以比女性更直接地认同这种运动，是因为他们的童年经历和比赛所展示的阳刚之气。

到20世纪70年代初，体育爱好者们对比赛不断增长的兴趣在电视联播中得到了进一步加强，并把职业运动转变成了利润丰厚的商业活动。结果，一些全新的俱乐部联合会雨后春笋般地涌现出来，与现有的体育组织展开竞争，并以诱人的工资来吸引运动员加盟。随着体育变得更像传统的商业活动，越来越多的运动员寻找他们的经纪人，代表他们参加工资谈判。现在，职业体育运动已经进入一个新时代。

Directions:InthispartyouarerequiredtoturnthefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.PleasewriteitontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】【参考译文】

Sportsthatattractlargeaudiencesprovideawindowonthevigor,speedandpowerofyouth.Peoplearestronglyattractedtotheskilllevelsitshows.Menidentifywiththesportmoredirectlythanwomenbecauseoftheirchildhoodexperiencesandthemasculinityofthegame.

Bytheearly1970s,fans’growinginterestinthegamewasreinforcedbytelevisionnetworksandturnedprofessionalsportsintoalucrativebusiness.Asaresult,entirelynewclubfederationssprunguptocompetewithestablishedsportsorganizationsandlureawayplayerswithattractivesalaries.Assportsbecomemorelikeatraditionalbusiness,moreandmoreathletesseekouttheiragentstorepresenttheminsalarynegotiations.Now,professionalsportshaveenteredanewera.

8.翻译题

要想在这个高速发展的社会立足，你必须学会如何处理压力问题。首先，你要重新定位你的生活需求，你真的需要那些如时装或者新车的奢侈品吗？如果你学会了对现有的生活满足，你也许就不会想要再找份工作或者不会在办公室度过周末。其次，定期锻炼身体有益于减压。不管你多忙，都要找时间锻炼，最好是和家人和孩子一起。第三，你应该学会放松。如果你停下去闻闻路边的玫瑰花香，世界不会因此而停止转动。

【答案】Youhavetolearnhowtodealwithstressforpossessingafootholdinasocietywithrapiddevelopment.Firstly,youshouldreadjustdemandforlife.Doyoureallyneedluxurygoodssuchasfashionabledressandnewcar?Ifyoulearntobesatisfiedwithcurrentlife,maybeyoudonotwanttogetanotherjoborspendyourweekendsintheoffice.Next,regularexerciseisbeneficialtorelaxingthepressure.Nomatterhowbusyyouare,youshouldtaketimetoexercise,preferablywithyourfamilyandchildren.Thirdly,youshouldlearntorelax.Ifyoustopyoursteptoenjoythesmellofrosesbythesideoftheroad,theworldwon’tstopturning.

9.单选题

Thescientificandmedicalcommunitiesareveryexcitedaboutthechancesgeneticresearchprovidesforgettingridofdiseaseandprolonginghumanlife.Butthosecommunitiesandpolicymakersalsoarecarefulaboutthescientificdoortheyareopeningastheprojectuncoversthemysteriesoflife.

Forthelastfewyears,thegeneticadvancesinthedevelopingfieldofbiotechnologyhaveprovidesmaterialforallkindsofwork,butthedevelopmentsofmodernscienceinunlockingthesecretsofthehumangeneticcodehaveopenedaworldofpossibilitiesforhumanhealth,aswellasforthepopularimagination.

WhileEuropeanandJapaneseresearchersaremakingrapidprogressindecodinghumanDNA,theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,whichbeganin1990,is“unlockingthecode”ofthehumanbodytolearnhowtodefeatfataldiseases.Already,theHumanGenomeProjecthasbecomewidelyknownandpraisedforfindingthegenesconnectedwithterriblediseasesasyetandmakingprogresstowardseparatingthegenesthatshowasignofbreastcancerorAIDS.

Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections,andgeneticdiseases.Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenome,astheyexpecttodevelopalotofnewdrugsfortheseillnesses.

1.Whydidthescientistsworkhardatmappingthehumangenome?

2.Whichcountrystudiedthegenesmostrapidlyintheworld?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

4.TheauthorsuggeststhattheHumanGenomeProjectcancause（）.

5.Themainideaofthisarticleisabout（）.

问题1选项

A.Becausethehumangenomecandestroymanyillnesses.

B.Becausethehumangenome’scompletioncanhelpthemgetridofmanydiseases.

C.Becausetheywantedtobebetterknownthanothers.

D.Becausethehumangenomecanprovidealotofchancesofwork.

问题2选项

A.Japan.

B.Germany.

C.TheUnitedStates.

D.China.

问题3选项

A.Ifthegenescanbefound,scientistscanstudymanynewwaystocureillnesses.

B.Thescientistshavemadegreatprogressinconnectingthegeneswiththecancers.

C.Manymedicalcompaniesshowgreatinterestindrawingthehumangenomemap.

D.TheUnitedStatesbegantheGenesStudyearlyinthe19thcentury.

问题4选项

A.thepolicymakerstofeelveryworriedandcareful

B.thescientiststoworkharder

C.manypeopletofindworkeasily

D.alotofcompaniestoproducemanynewdrugs

问题5选项

A.unlockinggeneticcode

B.thegenes’discovery

C.thegreathumangenome

D.thegenesandthescientists

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。由最后一段Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections,andgeneticdiseases.Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenome,astheyexpecttodevelopalotofnewdrugsfortheseillnesses.一旦发现并研究这些基因，研究人员就可以开发新的方法来对抗感染和遗传疾病。医药公司对绘制人类基因组非常感兴趣，因为他们希望开发出许多治疗这些疾病的新药。可知科学家绘制人类基因组的目的是为了研制一些药来对抗疾病。故B项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第三段“WhileEuropeanandJapaneseresearchersaremakingrapidprogressindecodinghumanDNA,theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,whichbeganin1990,is“unlockingthecode”ofthehumanbodytolearnhowtodefeatfataldiseases.当欧洲和日本的研究人员在解码人类DNA方面取得快速进展时，始于1990年的美国的领先遗传研究组织正在“解开人体的密码”，以学习如何战胜致命疾病。”由此可知美国在基因方面处于领先地位，故C项正确。

3.推理判断题。由theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,whichbeganin1990,is“unlockingthecode”ofthehumanbodytolearnhowtodefeatfataldiseases.基因研究的主要组织是美国，成立于1990年，正在解开人体的“密码”，以学习如何战胜致命疾病。可知美国于20世纪开始基因研究，而不是19世纪，故D项与原文内容不符。答案D

4.推理判断题。由第一段最后一句“Butthosecommunitiesandpolicymakersalsoarecarefulaboutthescientificdoortheyareopeningastheprojectuncoversthemysteriesoflife.但这些行业和政策制定者也对他们打开的科学之门保持谨慎，因为这个项目揭示了生命的奥秘。可知A项“政策制定者感到非常担忧和谨慎”不对；C项文中未提及；由最后一句“Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenome,astheyexpecttodevelopalotofnewdrugsfortheseillnesses.医药公司对绘制人类基因组非常感兴趣，因为他们希望开发出许多治疗这些疾病的新药。”可知D项“许多公司生产许多新药”是事实，并不需要推理。故只有B项正确，结合全文可知人类基因组图的完成将有助于科学家一系列难关，所以他们更加努力地探究。

5.主旨大意题。由第二段的thedevelopmentsofmodernscienceinunlockingthesecretsofthehumangeneticcodehaveopenedaworldofpossibilitiesforhumanhealth,aswellasforthepopularimagination.现代科学的发展解开了人类遗传密码的秘密，为人类健康以及大众的想象打开了一个充满可能性的世界。以及第三段的whichbeganin1990,is“unlockingthecode”ofthehumanbodytolearnhowtodefeatfataldiseases.它始于1990年，正在解开人体的“密码”，以学习如何战胜致命疾病。可知解读基因密码可以知道如何对抗疾病。故A项正确。

10.翻译题

“Allnatureismeanttomakeusthinkofparadise,”ThomasMertonobserved.BecausetheCreationputsonanonstopshow,beautyisfreeandinexhaustible,butweneedtraininginordertoperceivemorethanthemostobviouskinds.Even15billionyearsorsoaftertheBigBang,echoesofthateventstilllingerintheformofbackgroundradiation,onlyafewdegreesaboveabsolutezero.Lustso,Ibelieve,theexperienceofbeautyisanechooftheorderandpowerthatpermeatetheuniverse.Tomeasurebackgroundradiation,weneedsubtleinstruments;tomeasurebeauty,weneedalertintelligenceandourfivekeensenses.

Anyonewitheyescantakedelightinafaceoraflower.Youneedtraining,however,toperceivethebeautyinmathematicsorphysicsorchess,inthearchitectureofatree,thedesignofabird’swing,ortheshiverofbreaththroughaflute.Formostofhumanhistory,thetraininghasfromelderswhotaughttheyounghowtopayattention.Bypayingattention;welearntosavorallsortsofpatterns,fromquantummechanicstopatchworkquilts.Thispredilectionbringswithitaclearevolutionaryadvantage,fortheabilitytorecognizepatternshelpedourancestorstoselectmates,findfood,avoidpredators.Butthesameadvantagewouldapplytoallspecies,andyetwealonecomposesymphoniesandcrosswordpuzzles,carvestoneintostatus,maptimeandspace.

【答案】托马斯•默顿曾感言：“天地万物欲使我们想到天堂。”上天造物，生生不息，犹如连番上演的舞台剧，美亦展示得无拘无朿、无穷无尽。若要从最显见的物类中获得更多美的感悟，则须经专门训练。即使在宇宙大爆炸的一百五十亿年后，其反射仍以背景辐射的形式，略略徘徊于绝对零度之上。正因为此，人们对美的体验，实则是对宇宙间无处不在的秩序与力量的回应。测量背景辐射，要有精巧的仪器；体验美，则需机敏的智能与敏锐的五官了。

凡眼见于俏脸、鲜花，无人不觉赏心悦目。然而，要参透数学、物理或棋弈之美，欣赏树之有形、鸟之翼趣，乃至对长笛奏出的悠悠颤音心领祌会，则必经专门训练方可体味。在人类大部历史上，这种训练就是学会如何观察，历来由长者教之于幼者。通过观察，人类学会鉴赏天地万化之模式，从量子力学到百纳被无所不包。此痴情所至，亦使人类在进化过程中占尽先机，能辨万化之象，有助于先人们择偶、觅食，逃避猛兽。按理，同一进化优势本应造福世间一切物种，然惟独人类能谱出交响曲、制作填字游戏、创造石雕艺术、标示时空天体。

那么，是人类为获敏锐的感知而一味将其动物的本能需求推向了乖戾之极致，还是人脑构造与宇宙天体碰巧契合呢？

11.单选题

TheAleuts,residingonseveralislandsoftheAleutianChain,thePribilofIslands,andtheAlaskanPeninsula,havepossessedawrittenlanguagesince1825,whentheRussianmissionaryIvanVeniaminovselectedappropriateoftheCyrillicalphabettorepresentAleutspeechsounds,recordedthemainbodyofAleutvocabulary,andformulatedgrammaticalrules.TheCzaristRussianconquestoftheproud,independentseahunterswassodevastatinglythoroughthattribaltraditions,eventribalmemories,werealmostdestroyed.Thebrutalkillingofthemajorityofanadultgenerationwassufficienttodestroythecontinuityoftribalknowledge,whichwasdependentuponoraltransmission.Asaconsequence,theAleutsdevelopedapassionatedevotiontotheirlanguageastheironlyculturalheritage.

TheRussianoccupationplacedaheavylinguisticburdenontheAleuts.NotonlyweretheycompelledtolearnRussiantoconversewiththeiroverseersandgovernors,buttheyhadtolearnOldSlavonictotakeanactivepartinchurchservicesaswellastomastertheskillofreadingandwritingtheirowntongue.In1867,whentheUnitedStatespurchasedAlaska,theAleutswereunabletobreaksharplywiththeirimmediatepastandsubstituteEnglishforanyoneoftheirthreelanguages.

TocommunicantsoftheRussianOrthodoxChurchknowledgeofSlavonicremainedvital,asdidRussian,thelanguageinwhichoneconversedwiththeclergy.TheAleutscametoregardEnglisheducationasadevicetowithdrawthemfromtheirreligiousfaith.TheintroductionofcompulsoryEnglishschoolingcausedaminorrebirthofRussiancultureastheAleutparentssoughttocounteracttheinfluenceoftheschoolroom.TheharshlifeoftheRussiancolonialrulebegantoappearmorehappyandbeautifulinretrospect.

RegulationsforbiddinginstructioninanylanguageotherthanEnglishincreaseditsunpopularity.ThesuperficialalphabeticalresemblanceofRussianandAleutlinkedthetwotonguessocloselythateveryrestrictionagainstteachingRussianwasinterpretedasanattempttoeradicatetheAleuttongue.Fromthewordingofmanyregulations,itappearsthatAmericanadministratorsoftenhadnottheslightestideathattheAleutsweresecretlyreadingandwritingtheirowntongueorevenhadwrittenlanguageoftheirown.Totoomanyofficials,anythinginCyrillicletterswasRussianandsomethingtobestampedout.BitternessbredbyabusesandtheexploitationstheAleutssufferedfrompredatoryAmericantradersandadventurerskeptalivetheAleutresentmentagainstthelanguagespokenbyAmericans.

1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwithdescribing（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasthemostimportantreasonfortheAleuts’devotiontotheirlanguage?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthe“threelanguages”mentionedattheendofParagraphTwo?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthereligiousbeliefsoftheAleutscanbeinferredfromthepassage?

5.WhichlanguagewasneededwiththeRussianOrthodoxChurch?

6.Thepassageshowsthatitissometimesdifficulttoidentifythedifferencesbetween

（

）.

7.Thepassageisdevelopedprimarilyby（

）.

问题1选项

A.Americangovernment’sattemptstopersuadetheAleutstouseEnglishasasecondlanguage.

B.theAleut’sloyaltytotheirlanguageandtheAmericans’failuretounderstandit.

C.howtheRussianoccupationofAlaskacreatedawrittenlanguagefortheAleuts.

D.thetreatmentofAlaskaninhabitantsbyRussianandtheU.S.beforeandafter1867.

问题2选项

A.Theinventionofawrittenversionoftheirlanguage.

B.Thedestructionoftheiroraltransmissionoftribalknowledge.

C.TheintroductionofOldSlavonicorworship.

D.TheirdevotiontotheRussianOrthodoxChurch.

问题3选项

A.Russian

B.OldSlavonic

C.TheAleuttongue

D.Thelanguagetaughtatschoolsince1867.

问题4选项

A.PriortotheRussianoccupationtheyhadnoreligiousbeliefs.

B.Americantradersandadventuresforcedthemtoabandonallreligiousbeliefs.

C.AtnotimeintheirhistoryhavetheAleutshadanorganizedreligion.

D.TheRussiansforcedAleutstobecomemembersoftheRussianOrthodoxChurch

问题5选项

A.English

B.Cyrillic

C.Aleut

D.Slavonic

问题6选项

A.RussianandAleut.

B.BritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.

C.RussiancolonialrulesandtheAmericanregulations.

D.theAmericansandAleutsintermsofreligiousbeliefs.

问题7选项

A.testingtheevidencesupportingatheory

B.weighingtheprosandconsofaplan

C.debatingaboutamoralissue

D.describingcausesandeffectsofevents

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

第6题:A

第7题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。本文主要描述的是俄国统治时期和1867年美国管理阿拉斯加后，阿留申人的遭遇，其内容是从语言方面展开的。A选项“美国政府试图说服阿留申人把英语作为第二语言”只表达了美国管理阿拉斯加的一个方面；B选项“阿留申人忠于自己的语言，而美国人却不懂”前半句符合文意，但后半句在本文中并未提及；C选项“俄罗斯占领阿拉斯加为阿留申人创造了一种书面语言”也只表述了俄罗斯统治阿拉斯加的这一部分内容；D选项“美国和俄国在1867年前后对待阿拉斯加居民的方式”概括了本文内容，因此D选项正确。

2.判断推理题。本题需要找出阿留申人热爱自己语言的原因。本文第一段最后两句提到“Thebrutalkillingofthemajorityofanadultgenerationwassufficienttodestroythecontinuityoftribalknowledge,whichwasdependentuponoraltransmission.Asaconsequence,theAleutsdevelopedapassionatedevotiontotheirlanguageastheironlyculturalheritage.（俄国）对大部分成年阿留申人的屠杀导致依靠口口相传的部落只是的消失。因此，阿留申人把他们的语言视作唯一的文化遗产，且十分热爱自己的语言。”因此B选项“他们口头传播的部落知识被破坏”符合文意。

3.事实细节题。由排除法可知，第二句中提到了Russian俄语和OldSlavonic古斯拉夫语，第三句提到了1867年后学校里教授的English，因此唯一没有提到的是C选项“阿留申语”。

4.判断推理题。题干关键词thereligiousbelief“宗教信仰”并未直接出现在本文中，但仔细浏览可发现与宗教相关词汇。第二段中提到“theyhadtolearnOldSlavonictotakeanactivepartinchurchservicesaswellastomastertheskillofreadingandwritingtheirowntongue他们必须学习古斯拉夫语，积极参加教会活动，并掌握读写他们自己的语言的技能”，这里说的教会必然与俄罗斯相关。且第三段第一句就说到“TocommunicantsoftheRussianOrthodoxChurchknowledgeofSlavonicremainedvital,asdidRussian,thelanguageinwhichoneconversedwiththeclergy对俄国东正教会的信徒来说，斯拉夫语的知识仍然是至关重要的，同样重要的还有与神职人员交谈时使用的俄语”，由此可推知当时阿留申人在被俄国统治时，是被俄罗斯人强制要求成为俄国东正教教徒的。D选项“俄国人强迫阿留申成为俄国东正教的成员”正确。A选项“在俄国占领之前，他们没有宗教信仰”在本文未提及之前是否有宗教信仰；B选项“美国商人和冒险家迫使他们放弃所有的宗教信仰”同样也没有在文章中直接提及；C选项“阿留申人在历史上从未有过一个有组织的宗教”与上述文意相悖，明显曾在一段时间内，阿留申人是俄国东正教教徒的。

5.事实细节题。接上题分析，第二段与第三段中均提到，在俄国东正教中，需要使用斯拉夫语。因此D选项正确。

6.判断推理题。本体需要找的是两个同类相似事物间的比较。文章最后一段第二句说到“ThesuperficialalphabeticalresemblanceofRussianandAleutlinkedthetwotonguessocloselythateveryrestrictionagainstteachingRussianwasinterpretedasanattempttoeradicatetheAleuttongue.俄语和阿留申语表面上按字母顺序相似，却把这两种语言联系得如此紧密，以至于任何对俄语教学的限制都被理解为试图根除阿留申语。”因此相似的是俄罗斯语和阿留申语。A选项正确。

7.主旨大意题。本题偏向文章结构，需要找出作者的写作思路或文章线索。在第一题的分析中就提到，本文主要讲述俄国和美国统治时期，阿拉斯加的阿留申人的遭遇，其中主要讲述了语言方面的发展历程，在这个过程中阿留申人变得热爱自己的语言。因此也就是描述不同统治时期的政策及其结果，D选项“描述事件的原因和结果”符合题意。

12.单选题

Thelocalauthoritiesrealizedtheneedtomake______forelderlypeopleintheirhousingprograms.

问题1选项

A.preparation

B.requirement

C.specification

D.provision

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。preparation“准备”，强调为必然发生的事情做准备；requirement“要求；必需品”；specification“规格；说明书”；provision“规定；准备”，强调预先准备，事情只是可能会发生。句意：当地政府意识到有必要在住房计划中为老年人预先采取措施。因此D选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Thestudentsaidtherewereafewpointsintheessayhe（）impossibletocomprehend.

问题1选项

A.hasfound

B.wasfinding

C.hadfound

D.wouldfind

【答案】C

【解析】句意:这位学生称自己已经发现这篇文章中的几个论点无法理解。

语法题。考查时态。题干谓语动词为一般过去时“said”,而空格处所发生的的动作在said之前,即过去的过去。因此此处应该用过去完成时。因此C正确。

14.单选题

Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat_______thespeakersstoppedfordeferments.

问题1选项

A.atlarge

B.atintervals

C.atease

D.atrandom

【答案】B

【解析】atlarge详尽的,整个的;atintervals不时,时时;atease安逸,自由自在;atrandom随机地,随意地。句意：讨论时间持续了很久,使人精疲力竭,发言者时不时停下来拖延时间。选项B符合句意。

15.单选题

Theenergy（）bythechainreactionistransformedintoheat.

问题1选项

A.transferred

B.released

C.conveyed

D.delivered

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。Transfer转让,转移;release释放;convey传达,运输;deliver递送,释放。句意:链式反应的能量被转化为热量。故B项符合句意。

16.单选题

Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted.Thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.

Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevaluetoadvertisersofsuchfine-grainedinformation:Shouldadvertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehavioralads?Orshouldtheyhaveexplicitpermission?

InDecember2010America’sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga’’donottrack”(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.Microsoft'sInternetExplorerandApple’sSafaribothoffer