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选择性必修第三册UNIT3

ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Alice想阅读中文小说。请用英语给她写一封信,为她推荐一部小说。内容包括:1.推荐的小说;2.推荐理由;3.表达祝愿。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。★每日早晚必背►典型写作范例DearAlice,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua►高级词汇积累bekeenon热衷于stronglyrecommend强烈推荐anoutstandingwork一部杰出的作品tellthestoryof…讲述了……的故事overcomedifficulties克服困难displaytheintelligenceandbraveryof…彰显……的智慧与勇敢bedeeplyattractedby…被……深深吸引►丰富的句式结构1.As

you

mentioned,youarekeenontraditionalmagicalnovels.(as引导定语从句)2.Firstofall,thenovel,written

by

Wu

Cheng’en,isanoutstandingworkfilledwithfantastictales.(过去分词短语作后置定语)3.Inaddition,itisgenerallyrecognizedthatthenovelisamasterpieceaboutthegodsandmonsters.(it作形式主语)4.ThenoveltellsthestoryofamonknamedTangSanzanginTangDynasty,overcoming81difficulties

and

defeating

various

monsters

before

eventually

reaching

India.(现在分词短语作状语)►佳文背诵DearAlice,I’mdelightedtoknowyouarefondofChinesenovels.Asyoumentioned,youarekeenontraditionalmagicalnovels,soIstronglyrecommendThe

Journey

to

the

Westtoyou.Firstofall,thenovel,writtenbyWuCheng’en,isanoutstandingworkfilledwithfantastictales.Besides,itisgenerallyrecognisedthatthenovelisamasterpieceaboutthegodsandmonsters.AndthenoveltellsthestoryofamonknamedTangSanzanginTangDynasty,overcoming81difficultiesanddefeatingvariousmonstersbeforeeventuallyreachingIndia,withthehelpofhisthreedisciples:SunWukong,ZhuBajieandShaSeng.What’smore,thenovelistdisplaystheintelligenceandbraveryofSunWukong,thereligiousloyaltyofTangSanzang,theopennessofZhuBajie,andthekindnessofShaSeng.Inaword,Ifirmlybelievethatyouwillbedeeplyattractedbythosefantasticandexcitingtales.Yours,LiHua★课前语基夯实►高频重点词汇◎核心词汇

会运用1.__________vt.&n.排放;释放;发布2.__________n.趋势;趋向;动向3.__________n.燃料;刺激性言行4.__________adj.世界各地的;影响全世界的adv.遍及全球地release

trend

fuel

worldwide

5.__________vt.抓住;夺取;控制6.__________vt.&vi.改革;(使)改正;改造n.改革;变革;改良7.__________vt.经历;经受(变化、不快等)8.__________n.垃圾;废物9.__________vt.对……处以罚款10.__________n.(一)打;十二个seize

reform

undergo

garbage

fine

dozen

【语境活用】根据汉语意思填写单词1.(2021·浙江卷)Forpostcrossingtowork__________(遍及全球地),acommoncommunicationlanguageisneededsothateveryonecanunderstandeachother.2.(2021·全国新高考卷Ⅰ)Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplastic__________(垃圾),forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.worldwide

garbage

3.(2021·浙江卷)Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguncomingupwithplanstocounterthis__________(趋势).4.Afterbeingquestionedbythepolice,shewas__________(释放)withoutcharges.5.Somechildren__________(经历)acompletetransformationwhentheybecometeenagers.trend

released

undergo

6.These__________(改革)wereinthebestinterestsoflocalgovernment.7.__________of(大量)homeshadbeencompletelydestroyed.8.Itwassaidthatthesingerwas__________(罚款)forspeeding.reforms

Dozens

fined

◎拓展词汇

能提升1.__________vi.&vt.(使)挨饿;饿死→__________n.饥饿;挨饿;饿死→__________adj.饥饿的;挨饿的2.__________n.生态;生态学→__________adj.生态的;生态学的→__________n.生态学家3.__________n.(动植物的)生活环境;栖息地→__________adj.适合居住的starve

starvation

starving

ecology

ecological

ecologist

habitat

habitable

4.__________vt.维持;遭受;承受住→__________adj.可持续的;合理利用的5.__________vt.理解→

_____________n.理解→_____________adj.全部的;所有的;详尽的6.__________adj.频繁的;经常的→__________adv.频繁地;经常→__________n.频率;频繁7.__________vt.限制;限定;束缚→__________n.限制规定;限制法规;约束sustain

sustainable

comprehend

comprehension

comprehensive

frequent

frequently

frequency

restrict

restriction

8.__________n.协调;和睦;融洽;调和→__________adj.和谐的9.__________vt.&vi.提交;呈递;屈服→__________n.提交;服从10.__________adj.每年的,一年的n.年刊;年鉴→__________adv.每年11.__________vt.感觉到n.感觉→__________adj.敏感的;善解人意的;灵敏的→__________adj.明智的harmony

harmonious

submit

submission

annual

annually

sense

sensitive

sensible

12.__________n.起源;开始→__________adj.原始的;最初的;独创的;新颖的→__________adv.起初→__________vi.&vt.起源;发源;创立13.__________vt.恢复;使复原;修复→__________n.恢复14.__________vt.保护;保持→__________n.对(环境、文物等)保护;保持origin

original

originally

originate

restore

restoration

conserve

conservation

15.__________adj.定期的;规律的→__________adv.定期地;规律地→__________n.章程;规章制度→__________vt.规定;控制16.__________vt.处理;清除→__________n.去除;清除;处理→__________adj.可任意处理掉的;一次性的17.__________vt.检查;查看;视察→__________n.检查;查看;视察→__________n.检查员;巡视员18.__________vt.忍受;包容;容许→__________n.宽容;容忍→__________adj.宽容的;容忍的regular

regularly

regulation

regulate

dispose

disposal

disposable

inspect

inspection

inspector

tolerate

tolerant

tolerance

【语境活用】使用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Thewomanpaysa__________visittoherdoctor.Thedoctorexaminesherbody__________.Whilesheiswaiting,sheoftenrepeatsthe__________onthewall.(regular)2.Menwhoexercised__________hadalowerriskofcancersthanmenwhodidn’tworkout.Thebetterthe__________andintensityoftheexercise,thebiggerthereductioninrisk.(frequent)regular

regularly

regulations

frequently

frequency

3.Ifeveryonecanlivein__________withothers,oursocietywillbecomemore____________.(harmony)4.Inwinter,manyanimalswill____________todeathiftheycan’tfindenoughfood.Lastyear,about200animalsdiedof____________inthisarea.(starve)5.Thereisa__________tothewordsofthearticle.Youshould__________yourwordsto800orso.(restrict)6.Theyhavemanagedtorecreatethefeelingofthe__________(origin)theatre.harmony

harmonious

starve

starvation

restriction

restrict

original

7.Hewasfacedwithtwoalternatives—deathor__________(submit).8.Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase,shegavehima____________(tolerate)smileandlethimgo.9.Thebuildingisregularly______________bythefire-safety__________.Another____________willbecarriedoutnextmonth.(inspect)10.Thereisstillalongwaytogotosolvealltheproblemsconcerning__________(conserve)ofnaturalresources.submission

tolerant

inspected

inspectors

inspection

conservation

►高频短语串记onbehalfof;dozensof;starvetodeath;liveinharmonywith;besensitiveto;betrappedin;referto;insearchof;resultin;contributeto;dieout;takeresponsibilityfor◎单元短语再现【语境活用】选用前面短语的适当形式填空1.____________________everyonehere,Iwishyouapleasantjourneybacktoyourcountry.2.Theseworkersmigratefromcountrytocountry____________________work.3.Alargenumberofsoldiersweresenttheretorescuethose____________________thebuilding.【答案】1.Onbehalfof

2.insearchof

3.trappedin4.Ontheoppositewallarehanging____________________picturesaswellastwomapsofChina.5.Itwashiscarelessnessthat____________________hisfailure.6.Noonehascomeupwithaconvincingexplanationofwhydinosaurs____________________.【答案】4.dozensof

5.resultedin

6.diedout

7.Then,iftherearetoomanynewwords,tryto____________________yourdictionary.8.Ourignoranceoftheenvironmentalprotectionhas____________________thewholebalanceofnaturebeingdestroyed.【答案】7.referto

8.contributedto►重点句型仿写背原句明句型巧仿写ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer(seethegraph).毫无疑问,地球正在变得越来越暖和(见图表)。Thereisno/littledoubtthat…毫无疑问……1._____________________________________(毫无疑问)theconstructionofthishighwaywillcontributetothedevelopmentofthisarea.【答案】1.Thereisnodoubtthat

背原句明句型巧仿写Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide,trapsomeoftheheat,keepingEarth’sclimatewarmandhabitable.大气中的温室气体,如甲烷和二氧化碳,吸收了部分热量,使地球气候保持温暖和适宜居住。现在分词短语作结果状语2.Thelittlegirllayonthegrass,____________________________(凝望着天空).【答案】2.staringatthesky

背原句明句型巧仿写Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.有确凿而全面的证据表明,气温上升导致全球极端天气和自然灾害增多,不仅造成严重破坏,而且造成人员伤亡。notonly…butalso…不但……而且……3.Smokingis_____________(不仅)harmfultosmokersthemselves,_______(而且)threatensotherpeople’shealth.【答案】3.notonly;butalso

背原句明句型巧仿写Waterpollutionlevelsincreased,withmorehouseholdandcommercialwasteendingupintheriver.随着越来越多的生活和商业垃圾排入河中,水污染程度更加严重。with的复合结构4.________________________(有水覆盖着)morethan70%ofitssurface,theearthlookslikeablueball.【答案】4.Withwatercovering★考点多维突破1.starvevt.&vi.(使)挨饿;饿死;渴望;急切想要【paraphrase】(1)Ifpeoplestarve,theysuffergreatlyfromlackoffoodwhichsometimesleadstotheirdeath.(2)Ifyoustarveforsomething,youwantit.►词汇精磨【先精练】单句语法填空(1)She’s__________herselftotrytoloseweight.Buttheharmthatthe__________bringstohercannotbeavoidable.(starve)(2)Ratherthanmakemoneyinthisway,Iprefertostarve__________death.(3)Theystarve__________theexperienceofpracticalwork.(4)Peopleinthisregionarestarved________drinkingwater.【答案】(1)starving;starvation

(2)to

(3)for

(4)of【再精写】微写作(5)令人惊讶的是,世界上每年仍有许多人饿死。Itissurprisingthattherearestillmanypeopleintheworld________________________eachyear.【答案】(5)starvingtodeath(1)starvetodeath饿死starvefor渴望(得到)bestarvedof…

缺乏……;急需……(2)starvationn.饥饿;挨饿;饿死dieofstarvation死于饥饿【归纳拓展】(3)starvingadj.挨饿的;即将饿死的(4)表示“渴望(得到)……”的其他短语:bethirstyfor;behungryfor;bedyingfor;beeagerfor;beanxiousfor;longfor;desirefor【佳句背诵】Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatchildrenallstarveforloveandfriendship.全世界都知道孩子们都渴望得到爱和友谊。Inwinter,manyanimalswillstarvetodeathiftheycan’tfindenoughfood.在冬天,许多动物如果找不到足够的食物就会饿死。2.restrictvt.限制;限定;束缚【paraphrase】Ifyourestrictsomething,youputalimitonitinordertoreduceitorpreventitfrombecomingtoogreat.【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Drivinginthecityisrestricted__________40kilometersperhour.(2)Therelaxationoftravel__________(restrict)meanstheyarefreetotravelandwork.【答案】(1)to

(2)restrictions【再精写】微写作(3)为了保持身体健康,我限制自己每天只喝一杯咖啡。I______________________________onecupofcoffeeadaytohaveahealthybody.【答案】(3)restrictmyselftodrinking(1)restrict…to…

将……限定在……内berestrictedto限制在;局限于restrictoneself/sb.to(doing)sth.限制自己/某人只做某事(2)restrictionn.限制规定;限制法规;控制withoutrestriction毫无限制【归纳拓展】【佳句背诵】Whatmakesthecoursespecialisthatwerestrictthenumberofstudentsperclassto10.这门课的特别之处在于我们把每节课的学生人数限制在10人以内。Don’trestrictyourselftomakingfriends—itwillhelpincreaseyourknowledge.不要限制自己交朋友,这有助于增加你的知识。3.harmoniousadj.和谐的【paraphrase】Aharmoniousrelationship,agreement,ordiscussionisfriendlyandpeaceful.【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Onlyinthiswaycanwebuildamore__________(harmony)society.(2)Wealwaysdesiretoliveinharmony__________ourneighbors.【答案】(1)harmonious

(2)with

【再精写】微写作(3)我们绝不能忽视人类必须与自然和谐相处这一事实。Wemustneverlosesightofthefactthatmanmust________________________________________.【答案】(3)liveinharmonywithnature(1)aharmonioussociety/community一个和谐社会/社区(2)harmonyn.和谐;融洽live/workinharmonywith…

与……融洽地生活/工作inharmonywith…

与……协调/一致【归纳拓展】【佳句背诵】Humansareregardedaspartofnatureandtheonlywayforustosurviveistoliveinharmonywithnature.人是自然的一部分,我们生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。Ilearnthatdifferentracesshouldrespecteachotherandliveinharmonyinsteadofbeingatwar.我了解到不同的种族应该互相尊重,和睦相处,而不是相互争斗。4.submitvt.&vi.(submitted,submitted)提交;呈递;屈服;顺从【paraphrase】(1)Ifyousubmitaproposal,report,orrequesttosomeone,youformallysendittothemsothattheycanconsideritordecideaboutit.(2)Ifyousubmittosomething,youunwillinglyallowsomethingtobedonetoyou,oryoudowhatsomeonewants,forexamplebecauseyouarenotpowerfulenoughtoresist.【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Completedprojectsmust__________(submit)by10March.(2)Indesperation,Mrs.Jonessubmitted__________(she)toanoperationonherrightkneetorelievethepain.(3)Julietwasfacedwithtwoalternatives—deathor__________(submit).【答案】(1)besubmitted

(2)herself

(3)submission

【再精写】微写作(4)该计划将送交委员会正式批准。Theplanwill________________________thecommitteeforofficialapproval.【答案】(4)besubmittedto(1)submitsth.tosb.把某物提交/呈递给某人besubmittedto…

被提交/呈递给某人submit(oneself)tosb./sth.顺从于;屈服于(2)submissionn.屈服;呈送;提交【归纳拓展】【佳句背诵】Butitisbesttosubmityourapplicationearlybecauseuniversitiesbeginworkassoonasformsstartrollingin.但是你最好尽早提交你的申请,因为一旦申请表格开始蜂拥而来,大学就开始工作了。Myfriendisforgetfulandoftenforgetstosubmitassignments.我的朋友很健忘,经常忘记提交作业。5.referto查阅,参考;涉及;提到,谈起;指的是【paraphrase】(1)(ratherformal)tomentionorspeakaboutsb./sth.(2)Ifyourefertoabookorothersourceofinformation,youlookatitinordertofindsomethingout.【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefer__________whenyouarepreparingforatest.(2)Itwasreportedthatthecasewas__________(refer)toahighercourt.(3)Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferredto__________“whitecollarworkers”.【答案】(1)to

(2)referred

(3)as

【再精写】微写作(4)教科书和字典可以作为参考书,而杂志可以作为阅读材料。Thetextbooksanddictionariescanbeusedas_____________whilethemagazinesserveasreadingmaterials.【答案】(4)referencebooks(1)refer…to…

把……提交给……referto…as…

把……称作……(2)referencen.参考;提及areferencebook参考书with/inreferenceto关于【归纳拓展】【佳句背诵】Ifyoudon’tknowtheexactmeaningoftheword,youmayrefertothedictionary.如果你不知道这个词的确切意思,你可以查字典。Iamwritingwithreferencetoyourjobapplication.我写这封信是关于你的工作申请的事情。6.haveanimpacton对……有影响【paraphrase】Tohaveanimpactonasituation,process,orpersonmeanstoaffectthem.【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Theshifttoonlineshoppinghashadabigimpact__________traditionalshoppingmalls.(2)Themanagerneverallowspersonalproblems__________(affect)hisperformance.(3)Heisstrongly__________(influence)bySpanishpainterssuchasGoyaandElGreco.【答案】(1)on

(2)toaffect

(3)influenced

【再精写】微写作(4)我们都知道,阅读可以对一个人产生影响。Asweallknow,readingcan__________________________aperson.(difference)【答案】(4)makeadifferenceto(1)haveaneffect/influenceon…

对……有影响makeadifferenceto…

对……有影响(2)affect=influence=impactvt.影响【归纳拓展】【佳句背诵】ThereisnodoubtthatmanhashadanimpactontheEarth’sclimate.毫无疑问,人类对地球的气候产生了影响。Herfather’sdeathimpactedgreatlyonherchildhoodyears.父亲去世对她的童年造成巨大影响。7.dozensof很多;许多【paraphrase】lotsof【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Shewaspickedoutfrom__________(dozen)ofapplicantsforthejob.(2)Inreality,weencounteredanumberof__________(difficulty)inthefirstweek.(3)__________largeamountofmoneywasspentdecoratingthehouselastyear.【答案】(1)dozens

(2)difficulties

(3)A【再精写】微写作(4)长城是世界著名的旅游胜地,每年都吸引着大量的国内外游客。(quantity)TheGreatWallisaworld-famoustouristdestinationattracting________________________________________fromhomeandabroadeveryyear.【答案】(4)alargequantityoftourists(1)只接可数名词:many,afew,dozensof,anumberof,agood/greatmany等;(2)只接不可数名词:much,alittle,alargeamountof,agreatdealof等;(3)既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词:alotof,lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof等。【归纳拓展】【佳句背诵】Dozensofdoctorsandnurseshavebeenworkingdayandnightforweeks.几十名医生和护士已经夜以继日地工作了几个星期。Anumberofroadshavebeenblockedbyfallentrees.一些道路被倒下的树堵住了。1.(教材P27)Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide,trapsomeoftheheat,keepingEarth’sclimatewarmandhabitable.大气中的温室气体,如甲烷和二氧化碳,吸收了部分热量,使地球气候保持温暖和适宜居住。►句型精讲【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Hisfatherwaskilledinthecaraccident,__________(leave)thelifemuchharder.(2)Mariahurriedtotheairport,only__________(find)theplanehadleft.(3)______(finish)herhomework,thegirlwenttobedhappily.(4)__________(work)asavolunteerteacherinthewest,theyoungmandevelopedaninterestingrowingvegetables.【答案】(1)leaving

(2)tofind

(3)Havingfinished

(4)Working【再精写】微写作(5)继续努力学习,你一定会被重点大学录取的。________________________hard,you’llsurelybeadmittedintothekeyuniversity.【答案】(5)Keepingonstudying【句法分析】语法现象现在分词(短语)作状语考点逻辑主语:句子的主语或现在分词前的整个句子动词与逻辑主语之间为主动关系动词不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果现在分词作结果状语表示顺其自然的结果【易混辨析】分词动作和谓语动作同时发生用现在分词的一般式,即doing的形式分词所表示的动作完成之后,谓语动作才发生用现在分词的完成式,即havingdone的形式【温馨提示】【佳句背诵】Thechildslippedandfelldown,hittingherheadagainstthedoor.那孩子滑了一跤,头撞在了门上。Feelingdisappointedattheresultoftheexam,Iburstintotears.对考试结果感到失望,我哭了起来。2.(教材P32)Waterpollutionlevelsincreased,withmorehouseholdandcommercialwasteendingupintheriver.随着越来越多的生活和商业垃圾排入河中,水污染程度更加严重。【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Withtheoldman__________(lead)theway,wehadnodifficultyinfindingthehouse.(2)Withtheoldman__________(lead)theway,wewillhavenodifficultyinfindingthehouse.(3)Tomyjoy,Icouldgoshoppingwithmymotherwithalotofhomework__________(finish).(4)Thethiefwasledintotheroom_____hishandstiedbehind.【答案】(1)leading

(2)tolead

(3)finished

(4)with

【再精写】微写作(5)史密斯先生太累了,开着窗户就睡着了。Feelingtiredout,Mr.Smithfellasleep________________.【答案】(5)withthewindowsopen【句法分析】语法现象“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构考点with表示伴随,意为“带有;具有”宾补的形式doing(宾语和宾补之间为主动或进行的关系)done(宾语和宾补之间为被动或完成的关系)todo(宾语和宾补之间为将来进行的动作的关系)adj./adv./介词短语【佳句背诵】WiththeSpringFestivalapproaching,peoplebegintopreparesomefoodanddecorationsforthefestival.随着春节的临近,人们开始为春节准备一些食物和装饰品。Tohissurprise,theboycameoutwiththewatchinhishand.令他吃惊的是,男孩出来了,手里拿着手表。※真题长难句精讲精析(2021·天津卷)Theimportantthingisthatthetechnologistassociateswhatishappeningoutsidethepatient’sbodywithwhatthepatientseesinhishead.[句式解构]本句为主从复合句。that引导__________从句;whatishappeningoutsidethepatient’sbody为__________从句,作动词associate的宾语;whatthepatientseesinhishead为__________从句,作介词with的宾语。[句意翻译]______________________________________Keys:[句式解构]表语;宾语;宾语[句意翻译]重要的是,技术人员要将病人身体外发生的事情与病人在脑中看到的东西联系起来。★能力优化集训◎课文语法填空Inrecentyears,climatechangehashadagreatimpact1.__________theanimals.In2013,thewholeworld2.__________(shock)atanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearonNorway’sArcticislandofSvalbard.Duetotheincreaseintemperature,thepolarbearseemed3.__________(die)fromlackoffood.【答案】1.on

2.wasshocked

3.tohavedied►课本回放Accordingtoclimatescientists,akeyclimateprocess,4.__________iscalledthe“greenhouseeffect”,includesthe“natural”greenhouseeffectandthe“man-made”greenhouseeffect.Theformerreferstothefactthatheatfromthesun5.__________(enter)theatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurface.【答案】4.which

5.enters

Greenhousegasesintheatmospheretrapsomeoftheheat,6.__________(keep)Earth’sclimatewarmandhabitable.However,thelatterhasbecome7.__________bigproblem.Whenpeopleburnfossilfuels,moreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphereandcausesEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorise8.__________(quick).【答案】6.keeping

7.a

8.quickly

Theevidenceshowsthattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnatural9.__________(disaster)worldwide.Climatescientistswarnthatthiswarmingtrendwillbecome10.__________(bad)ifwedonottakeappropriatemeasures.Theseveresituationrequirespeopleallovertheworldtopaymoreattentiontoit,becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffectingallofusonthisplanet.【答案】9.disasters

10.worse◎语境填词onbehalfof;policy;nuclear;harmonious;sensitive;submit;undergoOurreformandopening-up1.____________________aimsnotonlytoreformtheeconomicsystem,butalsotobuilda2.____________________moderatewealthsociety.Inthecourseofimplementingthereform,wehaveto3.____________________challenges,tests,painsandevenchaos.【答案】1.policy

2.harmonious

3.undergoTheannualworkshoponecologyandenvironmentwillbeheldsoon,andIwillattendthemeeting4.____________________ourcity.Some5.____________________topicsmaybediscussedatthemeeting.Itinvolvestheuseof6.____________________energyandhowtoprotectthejunglesinthebas

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