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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大连海洋大学考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Colorandsexarenotrelevant(

)whetherapersonissuitableforthejob.

问题1选项

A.on

B.for

C.to

D.with

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配的介词。berelevantto表示“与……相关的”,句意:人种和性别与一个人是否适合工作无关。因此,本题正确答案为C项。

2.单选题

MartinLutherKing,Jr.persuadedhisfollowerstobringthe(

)oftheAmericanNegroestotheattentionoftheUnitedNations,buttheydidnotactveryeffectively.

问题1选项

A.conspiracy

B.pledge

C.plight

D.compulsion

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。conspiracy“阴谋;共谋”;pledge“保证;誓言;抵押”;plight“困境;苦境”;compulsion“强制;强迫”。句意:马丁•路德•金说服他的追随者去让联合国关注美国黑人的苦境,但是他们的行动没取得什么效果。选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

Theydon’tknowhowtoputinacentral-heatingsystem,buttheymanageditbytrialand______.

问题1选项

A.fault

B.slop

C.error

D.mistake

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.fault过错;缺点B.slop泔水;(倒掉的)剩饭菜

C.error错误;差错D.mistake错误,失误

【答案】C

【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】按照句意“他们不知道如何安装中央供暖系统,但他们通过试验和______设法做到了”,由bytrial可知,bytrialanderror是固定搭配,表示“反复试验”,故该题选择C项。

【干扰项排除】

A项泛指抽象的过失、过错、责任等,不符合句意;

B项不符合句意;

D项指判断或理解方面的错误,或是由于缺乏思考或疏忽而造成的错误,不符合句意。

【句意】他们不知道如何安装中央供暖系统,但他们通过反复试验设法做到了。

4.翻译题

Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextintoEnglish.Writeyourtranslationontheanswersheet.

叫我最难忘的是燕园的小路。

无论从哪个校门走进来,大大小小笔直或者蜿蜒的路,都会把你引到湛蓝清澈的未名湖畔。碧绿的垂柳和橙黄的小路镶嵌的一池湖水,就像一只盛满了佳酿的酒杯,送到你面前,尽你领略它的慷慨与盛情。只要你在湖边小路上眺望—会儿,一种宁静的美就会流进心中。

常常是黄昏或者夜晚。丢了一天的疲倦和纷扰,我漫步在未名湖边的小路上。明灭闪烁的路灯撒下朦朦胧胧的光晕,如雾似雨。摇曳的树影和轻轻的晚风,送来花的清香。间或有数点草虫的鸣叫,一缕缕年轻人的笑语和歌声,飘到小路上来,与湖面上倒映的灯火,暗蓝的树影,天上的星光,一抹晚霞或一钩淡淡的新月,辉映成有声有色的图景。真像是一首诗,一首写不尽读不完的诗。

【答案】【参考译文】

Oftenatduskornight,IrambledalongthepathsofWeiMingLake,forgettingthewholeday’stroubleandweariness.Theflickeringlampscastahazyshadow,likethemistortherain.Theswayingshadowsoftreesandthesoftnightwindaccompaniedthefloweraroma.Occasionally,thetweetingofinsects,thelaughterandsingingofteenagerswaftedtothepaths.Thentheyformedanimpressivepicturewiththelamplightreflectedinthelake,darkbluetreeshadows,starsinthesky,andtheaftergloworthecrescentmoon.Itisreallylikeapoem,anendlesspoem.

5.单选题

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic(官僚主义的)managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand"human-relations"experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife-Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalaiybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubniissivenessandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyarctestedagainandagainbythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone'sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century"freeenterprise"capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities―thoseofallloveandofreason―aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

1.By"awell-oiledcoginthemachinery"theauthorintendstodelivertheideathatmanis().

2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat().

3.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose().

4.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorputsforwardasuggestionthatweshould().

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof().

问题1选项

A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividual'sfunctionisnegligible

B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety

D.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly

问题2选项

A.theyarelikelytolosetheirjobs

B.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlife

C.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence

D.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence

问题3选项

A.whocouldkeepfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld

B.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus

C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitors

D.whoareatthebottomofthesociety

问题4选项

A.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestors

B.offerhigherwagestotheworkersandemployees

C.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities

D.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted

问题5选项

A.approval

B.dissatisfaction

C.suspicion

D.susceptibility

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第一段“...yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless...”,由此推断,作者将人比喻成机械中运转良好的齿轮,实则是想表明人们相对于社会中其他部分来说已经变得不那么重要了。选项C符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段的内容可知,工人和雇员们焦虑不仅是因为他们可能面临着失业,他们焦虑也因为他们不能获得任何有趣的生活和真正的满足,但是真正的原因还是第二段的最后一句“Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.”,选项D他们被剥夺了个性和独立性,符合原文,所以选D。

3.判断推理题。根据原文以及题干可知,作者认为这些人之所以焦虑是因为处于一个竞争激烈的社会之中,只有远离了竞争激烈的社会,才会有真正幸福的生活。所以选项A正确。

4.细节事实题。根据最后一段第三句“Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemform,...,intoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities-thoseofallloveandofreason-aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.我建议改变我们的社会制度形式,……在这种社会安排中,人及其全部的爱和理性的潜能的充分发展是社会安排的目的。”由此可知,作者提出了充分发挥人的潜能的建议来解决当前的社会问题,选项C符合原文。

5.观点态度题。根据文章内容可知,作者认为现在的工业主义使人丧失了其在社会中应发挥的重要作用,最后一段提到了作者建议将工业主义转变为一种以人为本的工业主义,所以作者对待工业主义的态度是不满的。选项B正确。

6.单选题

Wehadthoughttheexamwouldbedifficult,butit(

)easy.

问题1选项

A.turned

B.came

C.appeared

D.proved

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项turn“转弯;转变”;B选项come“做;假装;来”;C选项appear“出现;显得”;D选项prove“证明;结果表明”。句意:我们原以为考试会很难,但……它很容易。appear后接形容词表示“结果表明……”时应用“appeartobe……”结构。只有prove后面接形容词有此用法且符合语境。因此D选项正确。

7.单选题

Assoonasheopenedthedoor,a()ofcoldairsweptthroughthehouse.

问题1选项

A.flow

B.movement

C.rush

D.blast

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项flow“滔滔不绝,连贯”,aflowof“源源不断的”,例句:Deliveryourwordslikeaflowofwater.Speaktothepoint,beclearandmaintaincontinuity.(你的话语要像流水一样顺畅,语言要中肯、简洁,并保持连贯性。);B选项movement“运动,活动”;C选项rush“冲进,匆促”,arushof“一阵”,例句:Arushofpureaffectionsweptoverhim.(一股强烈的真爱掠过了他的心田。);D选项blast“冲击波,一阵”,ablastof“一阵风”,例句:Ablastofhotairhitusaswesteppedofftheplane.(我们下飞机时,一股热浪向我们袭来。)。句意:他一打开门,一股冷空气就吹进了屋子。此处体现突然涌入的寒气,故D选项符合句意。

8.翻译题

好的教师知道他们的职责不单是向学生灌输知识,他们深切体会到教学工作不只是授课。好的教师运用对所教导的科目的热情和爱好,来激发学生的学习兴趣,并不断构想新方法和吸取新观点,来为每一堂课注入新的生命。最重要的是:好的教师能使每一名学生深信自己事事都能胜任。他们绝对信任学生的能力,深信每一名孩子都有发挥潜能成为心目中要成为的人物。好的教师使学生自我肯定本身的能力,鼓励他们勇于追求梦想,并从旁引导他们如何实现这些梦想。

【答案】Goodteachersknowthattheirjobisnotjusttoimpartknowledge,theyunderstandthatteachingismorethanjustinstructing.Goodteachersinspireintheirstudentsaloveforlearningthroughtheirenthusiasmandpassionfortheirsubject,andthroughtheirowneffortstocontinuallydevelopnewskillsandembracenewideasinordertobringafreshperspectivetoeverylesson.Aboveallelse,goodteachershavetheabilitytomakeeverystudentfeelthatheisawinner.Theyhavefaithintheirstudents'abilities,andbelievethateverychildhasthepotentialtobeanythinghewantstobe.Goodteachersgivetheirstudentsasenseofself-worth,encouragethemtodream,andshowthemhowtopursuethosedreams.

9.单选题

Wecannotgocampingwhiletheweatherisso____.

问题1选项

A.scorching

B.freezing

C.threatening

D.capricious

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.scorching酷热的B.scorching冰冷的

C.threatening阴沉沉的D.capricious变化无常的

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】该句主句部分说到“我们不能去野营”,从句部分说的是“当天气如此____”,空格处所填词是形容天气的,并且在这种天气情况下,不能野营,根据常理推断,这四个选项中最不适合野营的是D选项capricious“变化无常的”,其他几种情况做好相应的准备还是可以野营的,但是如果天气变化无常的话,连做准备都不方便,最好不要野营。

【干扰项排除】A选项scorching“酷热的”、B选项scorching“冰冷的”、C选项threatening“阴沉沉的”,这三种情况下,带好必备物品还是可以野营的,比“变化无常的”天气要好。

【句意】天气变化无常的时候,我们不能野营。

10.翻译题

Onafivetothreevote,theSupremeCourtknockedoutmuchofAmerica’simmigrationlawMondayamodestpolicyvictoryfortheObamaAdministration.ButonthemoreimportantmatteroftheConstitution,thedecisionwasan8-0defeatfortheAdministration’sefforttoupsetthebalanceofpowerbetweenthefederalgovernmentandthestates.

The8-0objectiontoPresidentObamaturnsonwhatJusticeSamuelAlitodescribesinhisobjectionas“ashockingassertionoffederalexecutivepower”.TheWhiteHousearguedthatArizona’slawsconflictedwithitsenforcementpriorities,evenifstatelawscompiledwithfederalstatutestotheletter.Ineffect,theWhiteHouseclaimedthatitcouldinvalidateanyotherwiselegitimatestatelawthatitdisagreeswith.

Somepowersdobelongextensivelytothefederalgovernment,andcontrolofcitizenshipandthebordersisamongthem.ButifCongresswantedtopreventstatesfromusingtheirownresourcestocheckimmigrationstatus,itcould.Itneverdidso.Theadministrationwasinessenceassertingthatbecauseitdidn’twanttocarryoutCongress’simmigrationwishes,nostateshouldbeallowedtodosoeither.EveryJusticerightlyrejectedthisremarkableclaim.(5分)

Howdidthehumanscamp(放浪者)beginhisascenttocivilization?Whatwerethefirstsignsofpromiseinhim,orofhisdevelopingintelligence?Theanswerisundoubtedlytobefoundinman’splayfulcuriosity,inhisfirsteffortstofumblewithhishandsandturneverythinginsideouttoexamineit,asamonkeyinhisidlemomentsturnstheeyelidortheearlobeofafellowmonkey,lookingforliceorfornothingatall—justturningaboutforturningabout’ssake.(4分)

Lookingbacknow,Ifeelasthoughfatehadsetoutthatdaytoteachmealesson.Anditsucceeded.Justafewfeetpasthim,Imanagedtofindtheonlyicepatchonthesidewalk.AsIslipped,Itriedtopositionmyselfsotheimpactwouldoccuronmyhipandthigh,butunfortunatelymyaimwasaboutasgoodasmyjudgmentofcharacter,andImanagedtolandsquareonmyrightknee.(3分)

IndiaisnowbeingcaricaturedasanationofpredatorybrainssetonstealingAmericanjobsandgoodjobs,toboot.ThisstrongreactiontotheshiftingofjobsisspawningpainedfrustrationinIndia,acountrytheUnitedStateswascheeringnotsolongagoasitbegantoopenalargelysocialist,closedeconomyandentertheglobalarena.(3分)

【答案】周一,最高法院以赞成5票,反对3票的结果淘汰了许多美国移民法,这是奥巴马政府取得的政策上的小胜利。然而,在美国宪法更为重要的事情上,奥巴马政府想打乱联邦政府与州之间的权利平衡的努力以8张反对票落败。

塞缪尔•阿利托法官反对说“这是对联邦行政权力令人震惊的断言”,这使奥巴马总统获得了8张反对票。白宫认为,亚利桑那州的法律与其执法重点相冲突,即使各州的法律与联邦法律完全一致。实际上,白宫是在宣称,任何它不同意的其他方面合法的州法律,它可以使其失效。

联邦政府确实拥有许多延伸的权利,比如对公民权利的限定和边界的限制。但是如果国会想阻止各州运用自己的资源来检查移民状况,它是可以做到的。但它从未这样做。实质上,奥巴马政府是在宣称,因为联邦政府不想执行国会的移民愿望,所以任何州也不被允许这样做。每一位法官都对此不同寻常的宣称表示公正地反对。

人类这个放浪者是如何走向文明的呢?他的前景或他发展中的智力的最初标志是什么?答案无疑可以从他玩闹时产生的好奇心中找到,在他第一次努力笨拙地用手将内心的想法付诸实践的过程中。就像一只猴子无聊时翻开它同伴的眼皮或玩弄它的耳垂一样,要么是在寻找虱子,要么是什么都没干,就只是在翻眼皮或玩弄耳垂而已。

回头看,我觉得那天命运好像要给我一个教训。它确实做到了。就在离他几英尺远的地方,我踩到了人行道上唯一的一块冰。当我滑倒的时候,我试着调整自己的姿势,想着撞击只会发生在屁股和大腿上,但不幸的是,我的想法和我对这一行为的判断一样‘好’,我的右膝成功地直接着地了。

印度现在正被一幅漫画讽刺为一个有掠夺性头脑的国家,它想偷走美国人的工作——而且是好工作。这种对工作岗位转换的强烈反应让印度产生了痛苦的挫败感。就在不久前,美国还为这个国家欢呼雀跃,因为它开始开放大部分的社会主义的封闭经济,并进入全球市场。放大部分的社会主义的封闭经济,并进入全球市场。

11.单选题

InChinaalthoughpeopleinmanyregionsearnmuchlessthanthoseinprosperousregions,theyalsopaymuchlessfor______commodities,suchashousing.

问题1选项

A.disposable

B.redundant

C.equivalent

D.interchangeable

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。A选项disposable“一次性的;可自由支配的”;B选项redundant“多余的”;C选项equivalent“(价值、数量、意义、重要性等)相等的,相同的”;D选项interchangeable“可交换的,可互换的”。句意:在中国,尽管许多地区的人们比富裕地区的人挣得少得多,但他们在______商品上的花费也少得多,比如住房。根据语境,住房对于钱多和钱少的人重要性相同,C选项equivalent“(价值、数量、意义、重要性等)相等的,相同的”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

12.单选题

Thegovernmentrecentlypresentedanambitiousplantotackletheviolenceand_______thatfollowwhentoomanypeopledrinktoomuchtooquicklyintoosmallanarea.

问题1选项

A.alienation

B.delimitation

C.bareness

D.mayhem

【答案】D

【解析】alienation疏远,转让;delimitation定界;bareness赤裸,裸露;mayhem蓄意的破坏,故意的伤害罪。句意:政府最近提出了一项雄心勃勃的计划,以解决在一个面积太小的地区,如果有太多的人饮酒太多太快而制造的暴力和混乱。选项D符合句意。

13.单选题

Whennomadicpeoplescouldnotfindenoughfoodtoeatintheirruggedhomelands,theyraidedthevillagepeoplesfortheircrops.

问题1选项

A.attacked

B.compelled

C.deprived

D.pleaded

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.attacked袭击,攻击B.compelled强迫,迫使,使必须

C.deprived剥夺,使丧失,使不能享有D.pleaded乞求,恳求

【答案】A

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】raided的意思为“突然袭击;劫掠,打劫”,和thevillagepeoples构成动宾搭配关系,指的是游牧民族没有东西吃的时候就会袭击村民,抢夺食物,attacked与之词义相近,因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】当游牧民族在他们崎岖的家园里找不到足够的食物吃的时候,他们就会袭击村民,抢夺农作物。

14.翻译题

Directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceontheAnswerSheet.

Thisgreaterinterdependenceisnotlimitedtothefinancialsector.Thenewchallengesoftodayareglobalinnatureandtherefore,theydemandaglobalresponse.Thisappliestoissuessuchasclimatechange,eneigysecurity,terrorismprevention,traffickingandorganizedcrime.Wecannolongermeetthesechallengesbyclosingthedoorandsimplylookingafterourownhouse.Instead,wemustreachoutandseekcooperation,wherevercooperationismoreeffective.Theworldiscurrentlywitnessingthebroadestanddeepestwaveofglobalizationeverproducinggreatopportunitiesbutalsosomerisks.GlobalizationhashelpedhundredsofmillionsfrompovertyandprovidedbusinesseswiththepossibilitytoinvestandexpandabroaD.Butthosesamebusinessesknowthattheycannolongerliveonpastachievements.Whenwespeakofglobalization,itisimportanttounderstandthatopennessandinterdependencearetherulesofthegame.

Ourcooperationinthefightagainstclimatechangeisparticularlyimportant.Weallknowthatclimatechangeisreal,thatitiscausedbyhumanactivity,andthatitsconsequencesareuniversalandwillbefeltfirstandforemostbythepoorest.Itwillservelittlepurposeifothercountriesdonotjoinincommonaction.Yes,thereisacosttoreducingemissions,butthecostofglobalwarmingandnotjustinthelongtermisgoingtobefarhigher,includingforChina.

【答案】我们之间日益加深的相互依存并不局限于金融领域。今天我们实际面临的许多新挑战都是全球性的,因此需要全球做出共同应对。这其中包括了气候变化、能源安全、制止恐怖主义、贩卖毒品和有组织犯罪等。我们已经不能以关起门来独善其身的方式应对这些挑战。相反,我们必须伸出双手寻求合作,因为合作能够更有效地解决这些问题。世界正经历着一波最为广泛和深刻的全球化浪潮,这为我们提供了巨大的机会,但同时也带来了一些风险。全球化已帮助数以亿计的人们摆脱了贫困,并且给企业提供了进行海外投资和扩张的机会。但那些企业也意识到不能够满足于自己过去取得的成就。提到全球化,我们必须清楚公开和相互依存是其游戏的规则。

我们在应对气候变化方面的合作尤其重要。我们现在都认识到气候的变化是实实在在的,这一变化由人类活动引发,其影响是全球性的并且将首先波及最贫困的人口。如果其他国家不参与共同行动,那么,我们的努力将不会产生结果。是的,我们将为减少温室气体排放付出代价,但我们可能在并不遥远的将来为全球变暖付出远高于此的代价,中国也不例外。

15.翻译题

ChinaDreamistheguidingideologyputforwardbyPresidentXiJinping.HebelievesthatitisthegreatestdreamoftheChinesenationinmoderntimes,andstatesthatthedreamcandefinitelyberealizeD.ThecoreobjectiveofChinaDreamistoachievethegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation.Tobemorespecific,thatistorealizenationalprosperityandrejuvenation,aswellasthewell-beingofpeople.Anditsfundamentalrequirementistobuildawell-offsocietyinanall-roundway.Onlywhenthecountryisdevelopedcomprehensivelyandscientifically,canindividualsrealizetheirdreams.Similarly,onlywheneveryoneisfullofpassion,canChinaDreambebeautiful.

【答案】中国梦,是习近平主席提出的指导思想。他认为,这是近代以来中华民族最伟大的梦想,这个梦想一定能够实现。中国梦的核心目标是实现中华民族伟大复兴。具体来说,就是要实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。其根本要求是全面建设小康社会。只有国家全面科学发展,个人才能实现自己的梦想。同样,只有每个人都充满激情,中国梦才会美丽。

16.单选题

Theproducersofinstantcoffeefoundtheirproductstronglyresistedinthemarketplacesdespitetheirmanifestadvantages.Furthermore,theadvertisingexpenditureforinstantcoffeewasfargreaterthanthatforregularcoffee.

Effortsweremadetofindthecauseoftheconsumers’seeminglyunreasonableresistancetotheproduct.Thereasongivenbymostpeoplewasdislikeforthetaste.Theproducerssuspectedthattheremightbedeeperreasons,however.Thiswasconfirmedbyoneofmotivationresearch’sclassicstudies,oneoftencitedinthetrade.MasonHaire,oftheUniversityofCalifornia,constructedtwoshoppingliststhatwereidenticalexceptforoneitem.Thereweresixitemscommontobothlists:hamburger,carrots,bakingpowder,bread,cannedpeachesandpotatoes,withthebrandsofamountsspecified.Theseventhitem,inthefifthplaceonbothlists,read“1lb.MaxwellHousecoffee”ononelistand“Nescafeinstantcoffee”ontheother.Onelistwasgiventoeachpersoninagroupoffiftywomen,andtheotherlisttothoseinanothergroupofthesamesize.Thewomenwereaskedtostudytheirlistsandthentodescribe,asfarastheycould,thekindofwoman(“personalityandcharacter”)whowoulddrawupthatshoppinglist.Nearlyhalfofthosewhohadreceivedthelistincludinginstantcoffeedescribedahousewifewhowaslazyandapoorplanner.Ontheotherhand,onlyonewomanintheothergroupdescribedthehousewife,whohadincludedregularcoffeeonherlist,aslazy;onlysixofthatgroupsuggestedthatshewasapoorplanner.Eightwomenfeltthattheinstantcoffeeuserwasprobablynotagoodwife!Nooneintheothergroupdrewsuchaconclusionaboutthehousewifewhointendedtobuyregularcoffee.

1.Thefactthatproducersfoundresistancetotheirproductdespitethefactthattheyspentmoreadvertisingmoneyoninstantthanregularcoffeeshowsthat(

).

2.Inthisinstance,thepurposeofmotivationresearchwastodiscover

).

3.Thisinvestigationindicatedthat

).

4.Ontheresultsofthistest,theproducersprobablyrevisedtheiradvertisingtoshowa

).

5.Impliedbutnotstated:(

).

问题1选项

A.advertisingdoesnotassurefavorablesalesresult

B.companiesspentmoremoneyonadvertisingthantheyshould

C.peoplepaylittleattentiontoadvertising

D.themoreoneadvertisesthebetterthesalespicture

问题2选项

A.whypeopledrinkcoffee

B.whyinstantcoffeedidnottastegood

C.whyregularcoffeewassuccessful

D.therealreasonwhypeoplewouldnotbuyinstantcoffee

问题3选项

A.50percentofhousewivesarelazy

B.housewiveswhouseinstantcoffeearelazy

C.manywomenbelievethatwiveswhouseinstantcoffeearelazy

D.wiveswhouseregularcoffeearegoodplanners

问题4选项

A.lazyhousewifeusingregularcoffee

B.hardworkinghousewifeusinginstantcoffee

C.lazyhousewifeusinginstantcoffee

D.manobviouslyenjoyingthetasteofinstantcoffee

问题5选项

A.Despiteitsadvantages,mostpeopledislikedinstantcoffeebecauseofitstaste

B.Theadvertisingexpenditureforinstantcoffeewasgreaterthanthatforregularcoffee

C.Veryoftenwedonotknowtherealreasonsfordoingthings

D.Tasteistheprincipalfactorindeterminingwhatwebuy

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。题目问的是“尽管在速溶咖啡上花了比普通咖啡更多的广告费,但是生产商发现这种商品受到了消费者的抵制,这说明……”生厂商为他们的即冲咖啡做了大量广告然而却没能得到消费者的认可,可以得出并不是所有的广告都能起到预期效果,所以A选项符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“在这个例子中,动机研究的目的是为了发现……”。文章第二段第三句提到“生产商怀疑有更深层的原因”(Theproducerssuspectedthattheremightbedeeperreasons,however),由此可以得出这项调查是为了找出为什么消费者不接受即冲咖啡这个产品。选项D符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“这项调查表明……”。文章最后一段提到家庭主妇认为买速溶咖啡证明这个人非常懒惰,不是一个好妻子(Eightwomenfeltthattheinstantcoffeeuserwasprobablynotagoodwife),选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据这次试验的结果,生厂商有可能修改广告的内容,这表明……”。调查结果表明人们不买速溶咖啡的原因是它暗示家庭主妇懒惰或者不会精明持家,所以生产商应该在转变这种暗示上花功夫。选项B符合题意。

5.判断推理题。题目问的是“文章暗示但没有说明……”。文章提到消费者不愿意买速溶咖啡是因为这种咖啡味道不好,却忽略了更为深层的含义:只有懒惰的家庭主妇才会买这种咖啡。选项C符合题意。

17.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

这一点,加上这里的多元化社会、不拘礼仪的生活方式和宜人的气候,使得国外英才近悦远来。

一般来说,人可以分为三类:累死的人,愁死的人和烦死的人。

爱情是人类不变的追求,改变的只是人们对爱情的阐释。

人类历史发展长河中,人们主要关心的是能源有利的一面。

仅仅知道什么是对,什么是错是不够的,还必须能把这一知识运用到具体情况中。

【答案】This,alongwiththepluralisticsociety,aninformallifestyleandpleasantclimate,attractsforeigntalentstoitsshores.

Generallyspeaking,humanbeingscouldbedividedintothreetypes:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andwhoareannoyedtodeath.

Loveishuman’sconstantpursuit.Thethingthatchangedistheinterpretationofit.

Duringthehistoryofhumandevelopment,thedominantconcernsaboutenergyhavecenteredonthebenefitsideofenergy.

Itisnotenoughtotellrightfromwrong.Itisnecessarytoapplythisknowledgetothespecificsituations.

18.单选题

Themotherreallytookprideinherson,a()artistwhohadalreadyheldseveralnationalexhibitions.

问题1选项

A.prospective

B.perspective

C.descriptive

D.partial

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项prospective“未来的,预期的”;B选项perspective“透视的”;C选项descriptive“描述性的”;D选项partial“局部的,偏袒的”。句意:这位母亲真的为自己的儿子感到骄傲,因为他儿子未来会是一位艺术家,已经举办过好几次全国性的展览。空格后的内容都是描述儿子的,从举办过好几次展览可知儿子最有可能成为未来的一位艺术家,所以A选项符合句意。因此A选项正确。

19.单选题

Therewasnolightonthewayandforasecondshehesitated,unableto()thedimfigureawaitingher.

问题1选项

A.setout

B.makeout

C.pickup

D.clearup

【答案】B

【解析】setout开始,出发,陈述;makeout理解,认出;pickup捡起,获得;clearup整理,打扫。句意:路上没有灯光,她犹豫了一会儿,无法辨认出那个等待着她的模糊身影。选项B符合句意。

20.单选题

Mybossorderedthatthelegaldocuments()tohimbeforelunch.

问题1选项

A.besent

B.weresent

C.weretobesent

D.mustbesent

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。表示“建议,要求,命令”有关的单词+that引导的宾语从句,宾语从句谓语动词要虚拟语气,其形式是should+动词原形(should可以省略)。另外,文件和送达的关系应该是被动,所以要用到被动语态。句意:我的老板要求在午饭前把法律文件交给他。综上所述,本题的正确答案是A选项。

21.单选题

MyfirstencounterwiththeinternationalartistandartcriticFairfieldPorterwasactuallythroughthepoetryofhiswife,Anne(Channing)Porter.Whilebothgrewtobecomequitecelebratedintheircrafts,Fairfield’sstoryisunique.

Bornintoanaffluent,artisticfamilyin1907,theboywhowasonedaybecomearenownedartistandrespectedartcriticshowedacomparativelackofartisticabilitywhenseennexttohissiblings.WhilehisolderbrotherEliottooktophotography,FairfieldPorter,despitebeingremarkablyintelligent,appearedtobelackinganynaturalartistictalents.Itseemedthat,althoughamemberofafamilyfullofartists,histrueskilllayinthecritiquingofothers’artistry.ThiswasevidencedinhissecondyearatHarvardbyFarfield’sdecisiontopursuearthistoryashismajorfieldofstudy.AfterstudyingatHarvardunderArthurPopeandthentravelingbrieflythroughEurope,FairfieldcamebacktotheUnitedStatestofurtherhiseducationattheArtStudentsLeagueinNewYorkCity.TherehebecameacquaintedwiththefamedphotographerAlfredStieglitz—theworkofwhomissaidtohavepositivelyinfluencedFairfield’spaintingstosomedegree.

Betweentheyears1931and1932,FairfieldspentthemajorityofhistimeinItalylearningtoappreciateandcritiquetheworksofthegreatRenaissancepainters.Histrainingcamefrombothdirectstudyunderworld-famousarthistorianBernardBerenson,andfromcountlesshoursspentinmuseumsandgalleriesobservingthegreatestpiecesofItalianart.

FollowinghismarriagetoAnneuponhisreturnfromItaly,Fairfieldspentthebetterpartofthenexttwodecadesdevelopinghisskillsasapainterwhilecaringforhisautisticson.DuringthisperiodhismeetingswiththeFrenchIntimistpainterWillemDeKooningwouldprovetohaveaprofoundeffectonhislaterworks.PorterwasthefirsttopubliclyacclaimtheworkofKooning.

Infact,whatmadePortersofamouswashisknackforrespondingdirectlytoanartist’swork.Hefoundfaultwiththecommon“talkbased”criticismthatspoketoartonlyinreferencetoitspastortosomevaguetheoreticalframework;suchcriticismattemptedtoshapethefutureofartandwasfartoobiasedforPorter.HistimeasanartcriticforsuchpublicationsasArtNewsandTheNationended,however,in1961whenhedecidedtopursueafull-timepaintingcareer.

Theothersideofhisfame,hisuncommonapproachtopainting,isjustasimportanttotheunderstandingofFairfieldPorter’scontributionstotheworldofart.Hispersonalphilosophycomesfromablendingoftwoviews;artshouldbepersonal,emotional,andrepresentativeofitssubject,whileatthesametimebeboldlycolorful,expressive,andgenerallyabstract.Drawingonhisvastknowledgeofarthistory,especiallythestylesofFrenchIntimism,Porterfusedthesetwofeelingstocreateapowerful,emotivecollectionofpaintingsaboutfamilies,individuals,andthehome,aswellasmovingnaturescenessuchasTheDoortotheWoods(1971)andMaine—TowardtheHarbor(1967).

Whenhediedin1975,onamorningwalkalongtheocean,helefttheworldasoneofthemostrespectedartcriticsinthepastcentury.Ontopofthat,hisworkasapainterisstillviewedwithintheartcommunityasamazinglydistinctiveandespeciallyrepresentativeofhislife.Itissadtosaythatnow,however,somethirtyyearsafterhisdeath,heisstillvirtuallyunknownoutsideofartcircles.Thisremarkablyinsightful,articulate,creativeindividualneedstobediscoveredbythecommonmanandreveredforhiscontinuinginfluenceontheartistsoftoday.Thewordsofthisintellectualweresomeofthebestandmosthonestcritiquesofarteverspoken.

1.Themainpurposeofthepassagecanbestbedescribedasanattemptto______.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthesubjectofthepassagecanbestbecharacterizedas______.

3.Asdescribedinthepassage,Porter’smethodofcriticizingartcanbestbesummarizedbywhichofthefollowingstatements?

4.Porter’spaintingstylecanbedescribedbyallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.

5.Withoutthefirstparagraph,thepassagewouldlose______.

问题1选项

A.explainPorter’srenownedabilitytocandidlyaddressartists’works

B.illustratetheinfluenceseveralrenownedartistshadon

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