上海版沪版牛津各单元知识点梳理及练习8Bunit2

牛津版本8BUnit2Ⅰ.Words.n.洗脸盆e.g.Waterwaspouringintothewashbasin.水正在流入洗脸盆。2.vanishv.消失，突然不见e.g.Ithoughtitwouldrain,butthecloudshavevanishedandit'safineday.我原以为天要下雨的，可是云消失了，是个好天。【常用搭配】vanishintotheair/fromsight消失不见vanishindarkness在黑暗中消失vanishintonothing化为乌有3.drainn.下水道e.g.Yourkitchendrainhasbecomeblockedbytealeaves.你家厨房的下水道被茶叶堵住了。4.freezev.突然停顿，惊呆e.g.Fearmadehimfreezeinhistracks.恐惧使他突然停顿前进。Hefrozeinfrontoftheaudience.他在观众面前吓呆了。【知识拓展】freezev.冷冻，冷藏〔食物〕e.g.Notallfruitandvegetablesfreezewell.并非所有的水果和蔬菜都适合冷藏。5.impatientadj.不耐烦的，急躁的e.g.Asanurseryteacher,youmustn'tbeimpatientwiththechildren.作为幼儿园教师，你不该对孩子急躁。【知识拓展】patientadj.有耐心的e.g.Sheissokindandalwayspatientwiththosenaughtychildren.她对这些淘气的孩子们是如此和蔼、有耐心。patiencen.容忍，耐心e.g.Ihavenopatiencewithhimagain.我对他不再有耐心了。6.obeyv.服从，顺从e.g.Soldiershavetoobeyorders.军人必须服从命令。Acarobeysthedriver.车子由司机控制。7.faintadj.微弱的e.g.Hefeltfaintforlackoffood.他因饥饿而晕倒了。Shefaintedbecauseoftheheat.她热昏了。8.floatv.漂浮，浮动e.g.Phillip,canyouseesomethingredfloatinginthedistanceonthewater?菲利浦，你看见在远处有个什么红色的东西漂浮在水上吗？Afeatherfloateddownonthewind.一根羽毛随风飘落。9.comfortablyadv.安乐地，舒适地e.g.Hesatcomfortablyinhisarmchair.他舒服地坐在扶手椅上。【知识拓展】comfortableadj.舒适的，舒服的e.g.Shelivesacomfortablelife.她过着舒适的生活。comfortv.抚慰，鼓舞n.安乐，舒适，安逸e.g.Helivedincomfort.他过得很舒服。Shecomfortedthesickchild.她抚慰这个生病的孩子。10.viewn.风光，风景e.g.Ihaveaverygoodviewfromthetower.我从塔上望出去，风光非常好。Thehousehasaviewoverthesea.这房子面向大海，视野开阔。Wecameinviewofthelakeasweturnedthecorner.我们转过弯就能看见那个湖了。11.speedv.加速，加快e.g.Theambulancespedtothehospital.救护车快速开往医院。Hewasarrestedforspeeding.他因超速行车而被捕。指点迷津:speed,hurry(1)speed指快速的运动或行动。e.g.Thetrainspedthroughthecountryside.火车从乡间奔驰而过。PostalworkerslabouredovertimetospeeddeliveryoftheChristmasmail.邮电工人加班加点以加快圣诞节期间信件的发送。(2)hurry意指比通常快得多的速度，经常伴随着混乱或骚动。e.g.Ifyoudon'thurry,you'llmisstheplane.如果你不迅速些，你将会错过班机了。Don'tletanyonehurryyouintomakingadecisionyou'llregretlater.不要在任何人的催促下作出你以后会为之懊悔的决定。12.relaxv.放松，休息e.g.Irelaxedthereforafewdays.我在那个地方休息了几天。13.treatmentn.对待，处理e.g.Histreatmentoftheanimalwascruel.他对待这只动物很残忍。Thedoctor'streatmentcuredhim.医生的治疗使他的病痊愈了。14.worksn.工厂e.g.Thesteelworksisclosingdown.那家钢铁厂要关闭了。Therehasbeenanaccidentattheworks.那家工厂出了一次事故。15.thoroughadj.彻底的，完全的e.g.Theymadeathoroughsearchforthelostring,butdidn'tfindit.他们仔细地寻找过那枚丧失的戒指，可是没有找到。【知识拓展】thoroughlyadv.十分地，彻底地e.g.Theworkhadnotbeendoneverythoroughly.这个工作做得不太彻底。16.sewagen.污水，污物e.g.chemicaltreatmentofsewage对下水道污物的化学处理IfweloveShanghai,wemuststopdumpingsewageintothewater.如果我们热爱上海，我们必须停顿往水里倒污水〔物〕。17.plantn.工厂，车间e.g.Whentheplantcloseddown,manyfactoryworkerslosttheirjobs.工厂关门了，很多工人失业了。【知识拓展】plantn.植物e.g.Treesandvegetablesareplants.树和蔬菜是植物。18.pumpv.用泵输送e.g.Thevillagershadpumpedthewelldryandcouldgetnomorewater.村民们已把井水抽干了，再也抽不出水来了。Hepumpeduphistyres.他给车胎打足了气。【知识拓展】pumpn.泵；水泵e.g.inflattyreswithapump用气泵给轮胎充气19.preciousadj.珍贵的，贵重的e.g.Nothingismorepreciousthanfriendship.没有什么比友情更珍贵的了。Shetalksaboutnothingexceptherpreciouscar.她句句离不开她那宝贝汽车。20.liquidn.液体e.g.Waterisbothafluidandaliquid.水既是流体又是液体。Ifyouaddtoomuchliquid,themixturewillnotbethickenough.如果你参加的液体太多，混合液的浓度就不够。21.replyn.答复，回复v.答复，答复e.g.Adriannoddedinreplytomyquestion.对于我的提问，阿德里安点头表示同意。Alotofpeoplerepliedtoouradvertisemen.有许多人对我们的广告作出了反响。【常用搭配】inreply(to)为答复……；作为对……的答复make(no)reply〔不〕作答复replyforsb.代表某人作辩论／答谢祝酒replyto答复，答复指点迷津：anwser,replay(1)answer较常用，如：answeraquestion(thedoorbell,thephone,theletter,etc.)e.g.Hehasansweredmyletter.〔此句仅说明他回了我的信。说明他已经收到我的信。〕(2)而reply那么较正式，意指经过深思熟虑后答复对方的问题和论点。e.g.Hehasrepliedtomyletter.〔此句说明他将我信中的问题都一一答复了。〕22.theren&adv.那个地方，那点e.g.IthoughtIheardavoiceinthere.我想我听到了里面有声音。IfJohnsitshere,Marycansitthere.约翰要是坐在这儿，玛丽可以坐在那儿。23.strangeadj.奇怪的，奇特的e.g.Mymothertoldmenottotalktostrangemen.我妈告诉我不要和陌生男人交谈。Ⅱ.Dailyexpressions.日常表达1.pourinto倒入，涌入e.g.Pleasepoursomewaterintomyglass.请帮我的杯子里倒点水。Pourthemilkintoajug.把牛奶灌进壶里。Peoplepouredintothehall.人们涌进大厅。2.lookround=lookaround环顾四周e.g.Helookedaroundbutsawnobody.他往四周看，可是没看见任何人。【知识拓展】lookat看，朝……看lookafter照料lookback(与on，to连用)回想，记起lookdownon轻视，看不起lookfor寻找lookforwardto盼望，期待looklike看起来像lookon/upon看作lookout注意，留神lookoutof朝……外看lookover翻阅，浏览lookround环视lookthrough从头看完，透视lookup在书中查到，查阅〔词典〕lookupanddown上下打量3.enjoytheview欣赏风景e.g.Foreignerslikeenjoyingthenight-viewsinShanghaiwhentheytraveltoChina.外国人到中国来旅游就喜欢到上海来赏夜景。4.finishwith完成，完毕e.g.Hefinishedwiththework.他完成了这项工作。Hefinishedtheperformancewithasong.他以一首歌曲完毕了表演。5.drop…into…把…扔到…e.g.Don'tdroprubbishontheground,youshoulddropitintothelitterbin.不能把垃圾扔在地上，你应该把垃圾扔到废物箱里。【知识拓展】dropintosth.偶然访问〔某人或某地〕，顺便访问e.g.Sorry,we'relate-wedroppedintoapubontheway.对不起，我们迟到了——我们中途到酒馆去了。6.speeddown快速下滑e.g.Thatyoungclimberspeddownthecliffintothevalley.Luckily,hedidn'tlosthislife,那个年轻的登山者顺着悬崖跌至了山谷，所幸的是，他没有死。7.carry…to…把…带到…e.g.SimoncarriedthesuitcasetotheSmith's.西蒙把手提箱送到史密斯先生家。Youneedn'tcarrytheluggagetoyourroom,ourremovalwillhelpyou.你不用把行李亲自搬到房间，我们的搬运工会帮你的。8.pump…into…把…抽吸到…e.g.Pushthebutton,thewaterinthetoiletwillbepumpedintothedrain.按下这个键，马桶里的水就会被抽到管道里。9.remembernottodosth.记得不要做某事e.g.Youmustremembernottopollutetheenvironment.你必须记住不能污染环境。10.meanby…意思是…e.g.Whatdoyoumeanbysayingthat?你那样说是什么意思？【随堂小练】I. Fillintheblankswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.1.Theboyislyingonthebed (comfortable)andlisteningtomusic.2. Mybrotherisalways (patient)whenheisdoinghishomework,sohealwaysmakesmistakes.Theman's (work)becamefamousafterhedied.Thebosshasaplantousefewerworkerstodo (much)work.Ken'svoicesounded (puzzle)whenheheardastrangevoice. Choosetherightwordtocompletethesentence.Itisunhealthyforchildrentoaddtoomuchsugar(to/for)themilk.Doyouknowthechemicalsymbol(to/for)Oxygen?Whatdothewomentouristsmean(in/by)sayingthat?OurEnglishteachertolduswhatthewordmeant(in/by)English.ProfessorWhiteistalking(about/with)Simonabouthisplan.【keys】I.1.comfortably2.impatient3.works4.more5.puzzledⅡ.1.to2.for3.by4.in5.withStep4:ImportantSentencesstructures.1.It'snoteasyformetogethere.Itis十adj.+forsb.(ofsb.)todosth.〔对事加以评论／对人加以评论〕在这个句型中，it是形式主语，而句子真正的主语是后面的不定式短语e.g.Itisdifficultforyoutoreadthroughthisbookinaweekorso.对你来说一星期左右看完这本书有困难。Itisusefulforyoutolearnhowtousethecomputer.学习使用计算机对你有益处。2.Iwaitedthereuntilyoucalledme,andhereIam.until表示持续做某事，用延续性动词。not…until表示“直到……才〞，可以用瞬间动词。e.g.Thebabydidn'tstopcryinguntilhesawhismother.那个婴孩直到看到妈妈才不哭。Wehaddinneruntil8:30p.m.我们吃晚饭一直到8点半。3.Thenitwastimetogetcleanedup.It'stimetodosth.表示“是做什么事情的时候了〞。它也可以用另外一种句式表达：It'stimeforsth.e.g.It'stimetohavedinner.=It'stimefordinner.是吃晚饭的时候了。It'stimeforyoutogotobed.你该睡觉了。It'stimetogotoschool.=It'stimeforschool.=It'stimeforustogotoschool.=It'stimeforgoingtoschool.该上学了。4.Whenyou'vefinishedwithme,I'llgotoasewageplant.用will表示将来发生的动作或状态。e.g.-Willyoujoinus?你要参加我们吗？-Yes,wewill./No,wewon't.是的，我们要。／不，我们不要。Jane'sfatherwillgiveherabeautifulskirtasherbirthdaypresent.珍妮的爸爸要给她一件漂亮的裙子作为她的生日礼物。【知识拓展】注意will与begoingto的区别：(1)begoingto表示事先打算，有意图要发生的事。e.g.Iamgoingtoplaytabletenniswithmyfriendsthisafternoon.(2)begoingto还表示客观情况下〔非主观打算〕即将要发生