外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习5：必修1 Unit 5　Into the wild(含解析)

课时质量评价(五)必修第一册Unit5IntothewildA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空AYoumaynotwanttoadmitit,butactuallyatonetimeinyourlife,you'vetalkedtoananimal.Maybeitwaslettingadogknowitwasagooddog1.________askingacatwhereithadbeen.Maybeyougavewordsof2.________(encourage)toanelephantorscoldedasheep.Whicheveranimalitwasyoutalkedto,onethingisforsure:itprobablydidn'ttalkback.Whatifitcould?3.________(science)areworkingonwaystonotonlyunderstandwhatanimalsaresaying，butalsostudywhethertheycantalkbackoneday.Maybetheirworkwillchange4.________waywethinkaboutanimalsinthefuture.Sofar,noone5.________(prove)thatananimaloraspecieshasalanguage,partlybecausethereisno6.________(universe)ideaofwhatcanbeconsideredasalanguage.But7.________(broad)speaking,languageshouldbeadistinctandorganisedformofcommunication,8.________hasbeenlearnedandusedwillingly.Whenyourdogbarks,youdon'tconsideritaslanguage.Thereasonisthatdogsarebornwiththeability.Butsomestudiessuggestthatsomeanimalsdocommunicateinaverycomplexmanner9.________(show)characteristicsoflanguage.So，maybeweareclose10.________talkingwithanimals.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。生活中存在人和动物对话的情况，其实动物也有自己的语言。科学家们不仅在研究动物们说什么，而且还在研究有朝一日它们是否会回应。1.or考查连词。此处指你和动物谈话的内容，两者是选择关系，故填or。2.encouragement考查词性转换。此处和of连用修饰名词words，用名词，指“鼓励的话”，故填encouragement。3.Scientists考查名词。此处作主语用名词；根据句意可知，表示“科学家”，与动词are一致用复数，故填Scientists。4.the考查冠词。此处特指我们对未来动物的看法，表特指用定冠词，故填the。5.hasproved/proven考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语Sofar可知用现在完成时，与主语noone一致用单数，故填hasproved/proven。6.universal考查形容词。修饰句中的名词idea用形容词，指“普遍的想法”，故填universal。7.broadly考查副词。修饰speaking用副词，指“一般地说，广义地说”，故填broadly。8.which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，句中包含非限制性定语从句，指代前面的form用关系代词which引导，故填which。9.showing考查非谓语动词。宾语从句中已有谓语动词docommunicate，此处用非谓语动词。主语someanimals和动词show是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填showing。10.to考查固定搭配。becloseto表示“接近于”，为固定短语，故填to。BHighontheQinghai­TibetPlateau1.________(lie)China's“watertower”Sanjiangyuan.ItishometotheheadwatersofChina'sthreerivers:theYellowRiver,YangtzeRiver,andLancang(Mekong)River.Itisthethreerivers2.________providewaterforabouthalfthepopulationofChina.However,humanactivitiesareputtingthisecosystem3.________risk.Hopefully,though,wecanrepairthisdamage.In2016,theChinesegovernmentestablishedSanjiangyuanNationalParkinQinghaiProvince.Thepark,4.________(schedule)toopenin2020,hasincreasedthearea'sgreencoverageandattractedmorewildlife.Thelocalgovernmenthasalsomadegreateffortstoimprovebiologicaldiversity.ThesuccessofSanjiangyuanwillmarkthestartofa5.________(green)future.WithSanjiangyuan6.________(take)thelead,nineotherregionsinChina7.________(choose)byafieldconservationstationtocarryoutprojectsoverthepastthreeyears,8.________willformanationalparksystemtogether.TheideaofanationalparksystemisstillnewinChina,but9.________(it)realisationisurgent.Afterall,buildinganecologicalcivilisationbearsgreat10.________【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在三江源生态保护区的带动下，中国正在进行全国范围内的生态保护系统的建设，这将对人类文明的发展和进步起到重要的作用。1.lies考查倒装和动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句为倒装句，主语为China's“watertower”Sanjiangyuan可视为第三人称单数形式，所填空为本句的谓语动词，时态应是一般现在时，故填lies。2.that考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，将句中的itis删掉之后，句子结构完整。由此推知本题考查强调句型：itis＋强调部分＋that＋其他内容。故填that。3.at考查固定搭配。putsth.atrisk意为“使某事物处于危险之中”，为固定搭配，故填at。4.scheduled考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语动词为hasincreased，因此所填空用非谓语。所填词与之前的名词之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填scheduled。5.greener考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处强调与现状相比，未来更加“绿化”，因此所填空应是形容词比较级，故填greener。6.taking考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，所填空为with复合结构。所填动词与之前的名词之间为主动关系，应用v.­ing形式。故填taking。7.havebeenchosen考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填谓语。根据之后的时间状语“overthepastthreeyears”可知用现在完成时，且动词与主语之间为被动关系，应填havebeendone结构，故填havebeenchosen。8.which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“8.________willformanationalparksystemtogether”应是之前的名词短语“nineotherregions”的非限制性定语从句，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。9.its考查物主代词。空后为名词，因此应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。10.importance考查词性转换。空前为形容词great，因此应填名词形式。所给词important为形容词，意为“重要的”，其名词形式为importance，故填importance。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.那次事故后，他和妻子从这个城市搬到了另一个城市。(move)Heandhiswifemovedfromthiscitytoanotherafterthataccident.2.我一直在打扫房间，还没有扫完。(现在完成进行时)IhavebeencleaningthehousebutIstillhaven'tfinished.3.我通过听英语歌提高英语。(by)IimprovemyEnglishbylisteningtoEnglishsongs．4.你是怎么设法做成这样的事的？(manage)Howdidyoumanagetodosuchathing?5.直到我认出他来他才摘下墨镜。(not...until...)Hedidn'ttakeoffhisdarkglassesuntilIrecognisedhim.B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解Researchershaverecordedpenguinsmakingsoundsunderwaterforthefirsttime—thefirsttimesuchbehaviourhasbeenidentifiedinseabirds.Theseanimals,likeotherseabirds,arehighlyvocalonland.Theyareknowntocommunicatewhentheirheadsareabovethewaterintheocean,possiblyforthepurposesofgroupformation.However,untilthelateststudy—publishedinthejournalZoologicalScience—itwasnotknownwhetherpenguinsmadesoundsunderwater,likesomeotherair­breathingmarinepredators,suchaswhalesanddolphins.Fortheirresearch,ateamofscientistsledbyAndréafromNelsonMandelaUniversityinSouthAfrica,wantedtoinvestigatethisissue.Todoso,theyfittedadultpenguinsfromthreespecieswithvideocamerasfeaturingbuilt­inmicrophones.TothesurpriseofAndréaandhercolleagues,theteamrecordedatotalof203underwatervocalisationsfromthepenguinsintheunderwaterfootagetheycapturedoveramonth­longperiodin2019.Thesearethefirstrecordingsofseabirdsproducingvocalisationsunderwater.“Icouldn'tbelieveit.Ihadtoreplayitmanytimes，”Andréasaid.Thevocalisationsthattheteamrecorded—whichsoundlikerapidwhoops—wereveryshortinduration,lastingabout0.06secondsonaverage.Andallofthesesoundswereemitted(发出)duringdivesinwhichtheanimalsweresearchingforfood.Currently,itisnotclearwhythepenguinsaremakingthesesounds;however,theyonlyproducethemwhilehunting.Infact,morethan50percentofthevocalisationswereimmediatelyprecededbyanaccelerationmovementorfollowedbyanattempttohunt.Accordingtotheresearchersthissuggeststhatthesoundsarerelatedtohuntingbehaviour—especiallybecausethepenguinstendtobealonewhentheymakethem,indicatingthatcommunicationwasnotthepurpose.Theresearchersguessthatthepenguinsmaybeusingthevocalisationstostun(使昏迷)theirprey.However,muchmoreresearchisrequiredtodeterminewhythepenguinsmakethesesounds,thescientistsnote.1.HowdoesAndréa'steamconductthestudyaboutpenguins?A.Byrecordingpenguins'soundsonland.B.Byfixingelectronicdevicesonthepenguins.C.Byobservingpenguins'activitiesunderwater.D.Bycatchingdifferentkindsofadultpenguins.2.WhatcanweinferfromAndréa'swordsinParagraph3?A.Penguins'soundsaretoolowtohear.B.Shedoubtsifpenguinscouldmakesounds.C.Penguinsseldommakesoundsunderwater.D.It'snoteasytoobtainpenguins'soundsunderwater.3.Whendopenguinsprobablyproducesoundsunderwater?A.Whentheytakeadeepbreath.B.Whentheydivetohuntforfood.C.Whentheyteachtheirbabiesdiving.D.Whentheycommunicatewiththeirpartners.4.Whatisthescientists'attitudetowardstheresearchresults?A.Cautious.B.Negative.C.Supportive.D.Indifferent.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员首次记录到企鹅在水下发出的声音，他们猜测企鹅可能是在用发声来击昏猎物。然而，科学家们指出需要更多的研究来确定企鹅发出这些声音的原因。1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“theyfittedadultpenguinsfromthreespecieswithvideocamerasfeaturingbuilt­inmicrophones”可知，安德里亚的团队是通过在企鹅身上安装电子设备而进行研究的，故B项正确。2.D句意猜测题。根据第三段中的“Thesearethefirstrecordingsofseabirdsproducingvocalisationsunderwater.‘Icouldn'tbelieveit.Ihadtoreplayitmanytimes，’Andréasaid.”可知，记录到企鹅在水下发出的声音是很不容易的，故D项正确。3.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Andallofthesesoundswereemitted(发出)duringdivesinwhichtheanimalsweresearchingforfood.Currently,itisnotclearwhythepenguinsaremakingthesesounds;however,theyonlyproducethemwhilehunting.”可知，企鹅可能会在潜水觅食的时候发出声音，故B项正确。4.A观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Theresearchersguessthatthepenguinsmaybeusingthevocalisationstostun(使昏迷)theirprey.However,muchmoreresearchisrequiredtodeterminewhythepenguinsmakethesesounds,thescientistsnote.”，特别是“muchmoreresearch”可知，科学家对研究结果持谨慎态度，故A项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·山东六地市联合测试)Bend,asmalltowninOregon,iscalled“mooncountry”.Beforetheastronautsever1ittothemoon,theytrainedinBend.WhenJimIrwincametoBendfor2，hemadefriendswithFloydWatson,a(n)3resident,whowasthebuildinginspectorforthecity.Fiveyearslater,Irwinwas4fortheApollo15moonlanding.WhenthenewsthathisoldfriendwouldgotothemooncametoWatson's5，hechoseapieceoflavarock(火山岩)nearDevil'sLake,6itinpaper.ThenhepostedittoIrwinwithaletterwherehe7himandmadearequest,“Iamsendingyoua8pieceofCentralOregonlava,whichIhopeyouwillbeableto9tothemoonforme.”Offwenttheletter,andWatsonthought10ofit.Afewmonthslater,onJuly26,1971,Irwin11tothemoonwithDavidScottandAlfredWorden.Andafewweeksaftertheir12，WatsongotanunexpectedletterfromIrwin.“Ididcarryyourpieceoflavatothemoonandleftitthere，”Irwinwrote—andenclosed(附上)a13ofit,withthesmallpieceofOregonlava14withanarrowandthewords“Oregonlavaonthemoon！”ForWatsontheletterandthepicturewere15.And,ofcourse,heneverlookedatthemoonthesamewayagain.1.A.did B.made C.took D.grasped2.A.adventure B.research C.amusement D.practice3.A.local B.aggressive C.gifted D.academic4.A.carriedout B.pickedout C.ruledout D.checkedout5.A.sense B.rescue C.knowledge D.assistance6.A.enveloped B.measured C.designed D.transformed7.A.thanked B.welcomed C.congratulated D.followed8.A.huge B.valuable C.unique D.tiny9.A.fly B.deliver C.orbit D.float10.A.much B.highly C.little D.low11.A.escaped B.rushed C.wandered D.journeyed12.A.arrival B.return C.application D.campaign13.A.postcard B.drawing C.photo D.note14.A.equipped B.decorated C.covered D.marked15.A.reliable B.precious C.permanent D.realistic【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。宇航员JimIrwin在美国俄勒冈州Bend小镇接受登月训练时，结交了一位当地好友FloydWatson。当Watson听说Irwin被选为“阿波罗15号”登月宇航员时，他希望好友把一小块取自Bend小镇湖边的火山岩放到月球上。Irwin的确把这块火山岩送上了月球，并拍照留念。1.Bmakeit为固定短语，意为“获得成功”，符合句意。2.D根据上文中的“Beforetheastronautsever1ittothemoon,theytrainedinBend.”及下文中的“Irwinwas4fortheApollo15moonlanding”“Irwin11tothemoonwithDavidScottandAlfredWorden”可知，JimIrwin是一名宇航员，来到Bend接受登月训练。practice意为“练习，训练”，符合句意。3.A根据下文中的“whowasthebuildinginspectorforthecity”可以判断FloydWatson是当地(local)居民。4.B五年后，Irwin被“阿波罗15号”登月计划选中。pickout意为“精心挑选”，符合句意。5.C根据下文Watson给好朋友写信及信的内容可知，此处表示Watson得知了这一消息。cometoone'sknowledge意为“被某人知道”。6.Aenvelop表示“包住，裹住”，符合语境。7.C得知好朋友被选上，Watson应是写信表示祝贺(congratulated)。8.D这块被送到月球上的火山岩很小，下文中的“withthesmallpieceofOregonlava”有提示。9.Bdeliver在此是“传送，递送”之意，符合句意。10.C根据下文中的“WatsongotanunexpectedletterfromIrwin”可知，此处表示信寄出去了，从此Watson很少想到这件事，所以后来他收到回信才会感到出乎意料。thinklittleof意为“不重视”。11.D根据语境可知，Irwin和其他两人前往月球。此处journey作动词，表示“旅行(尤指长途)”。12.B在他们返回(return)地球几个星期后，Watson意外收到了Irwin的来信。13.C根据下文中的“theletterandthepicture”可知，Irwin随信还附了一张有火山岩的照片(photo)。14.Dmark在此是动词，意为“做标记，做记号”，bemarkedwith在此意为“用……标注”。15.B根据语境和下文中的“And,ofcourse,heneverlookedatthemoonthesamewayagain.”可知，对Watson来说，那封信和那张照片是很珍贵的(precious)。Ⅲ.语法填空Monkeysdonotlikeitwhenothersgetmorefood1.________theydo,accordingtoanewstudy.ResearchersfromYaleandHarvardUniversitiesfoundCapuchinmonkeyspunishmonkeys2.________getmorefood.“Thissortof,‘IfIcan'thaveit,noonecan’responseisbecause3.________psychologicalspite(怨恨),anditwas4.________(previous)thoughtuniquetohumans，”saidKristinLeimgruberofHarvardUniversity.Sheisaco­authoroftheresearchstudy.TheresearcherswatchedassomeCapuchinmonkeys5.________(give)morefoodthanothers.Theyfoundthatmo