北京市中考英语二轮复习第二篇语法突破篇语法专题(十四)宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句课件

PARTTWO第二篇

语法突破篇语法专题（十四）宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句PARTTWO第二篇语法突破篇语法专题（十四）宾语从句1【中考考点】(1)宾语从句的时态、语序及引导词。(2)宾语从句的简化形式。(3)状语从句中连词的选择和时态。(4)关系代词和关系副词的基本用法。(5)关系代词的特殊用法。【中考考点】2考点一引导词宾语从句1.在that引导的宾语从句中,若是陈述句作宾语,that可以省略。Theradiosays(that)itwillraintomorrow.收音机报道说明天要下雨。2.连接代词which,what,who等或连接副词how,where,why,when等引导的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,从句改用陈述语序。Couldyoutellme

toyou?

你能告诉我他跟你说了些什么吗?whathesaid考点一引导词宾语从句1.在that引导的宾语从句中,若33.whether或if引导的一般疑问句或选择疑问句作宾语从句时,从句改用陈述语序。Iwonder

youhavetoldthenewstoLiLei.我想知道你是否已经告诉李雷这个消息了。

【注意】下列几种情况中,宾语从句的引导词通常使用whether:(1)具有选择意义且又有or或ornot,尤其是直接与ornot连用时,往往用whether。(2)介词之后用whether。(3)不定式前用whether。if/whether3.whether或if引导的一般疑问句或选择疑问句作4考点二时态1.当主句为现在时态时,宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。Irememberhe

meabookyesterday.

我记得他昨天给了我一本书。Hehastoldmethathe

forNewYorktomorrow.

他已经告诉我明天他就动身去纽约了。2.当主句为过去时态时,宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。WeaskedwhatJeanwasdoingthen.我们问琼那时正在做什么。3.当从句表述的是客观真理或普遍规律时,宾语从句要使用一般现在时。Lisasaidlight

fasterthansound.

丽萨说光的传播速度比声音快。gavewillleavetravels/goes考点二时态1.当主句为现在时态时,宾语从句的时态可根据实际5考点三语序1.陈述句改为宾语从句时,语序不变。Heisagoodchild.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid(that)hewasagoodchild.老师说他是个好孩子。2.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时,语序改为陈述语序。Doesheworkhard?Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whether

.

我想知道他工作是否努力。Whendidheleave?Idon'tknow.→Idon'tknowwhenheleft.我不知道他是什么时候离开的。heworkshard考点三语序1.陈述句改为宾语从句时,语序不变。hewor6【注意】宾语从句的简化当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。Idon'tknowwhatIshouldsay.→Idon'tknowwhat

.

我不知道要说什么。tosay【注意】宾语从句的简化tosay7考点一状语从句的分类状语从句1.时间状语从句引导词有when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,not…until…,assoonas等。Whenhecomesback,I'llgiveyouacall.他回来时,我会给你打电话的。Theydidn'tstopuntiltheyfinishedthework.他们直到完成工作才停下来。I'llringyouassoonasIreachBeijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。考点一状语从句的分类状语从句1.时间状语从句82.原因状语从句引导词有because,since,as等。Ididn'tgo,becauseIwasafraid.我没去,因为我害怕。Sinceyouarefreetoday,you'dbettertakeagoodrest.既然你今天有空,你最好好好休息。3.条件状语从句引导词有if,unless,aslongas等。Ifitrains,I'llgobycar.如果下雨,我就乘小汽车去。Youcannotsucceedunlessyouworkhard.如果你不努力学习,你是不会成功的。2.原因状语从句94.结果状语从句引导词有so…that…,such…that…等。Itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'tseetheroad.雨下得如此大,以至于我们看不见路。5.让步状语从句引导词有though,eventhough/if,although,“nomatter+疑问词”等。Eventhough/ifyousayso,Idonotbelieveit.即使你这么说,我也不信。4.结果状语从句106.目的状语从句引导词有sothat,inorderthat等。IneedtogetupearlysothatIcancatchtheearlybus.我需要早起,以便我能赶上早班车。7.方式状语从句引导词有asif/though,as等。Thechildtalkedtousasifhewereagrown-up.那个孩子跟我们谈起话来像个成年人似的。6.目的状语从句118.地点状语从句引导词有where,wherever等。Whereverhegoes,healwaysbringshispetdog.无论他去哪里,他总是带着他的宠物狗。9.比较状语从句引导词有than,as…as…,notas/so…as…等。CarolspeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.卡罗尔英语说得和你一样好。8.地点状语从句12考点二主句与从句时态一致的问题在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分为下列三种情况:1.主现从现:若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词时,那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.过马路时要小心。Thetrafficmuststopwhenthelights

.

当红灯亮时,车辆必须停下来。turn/arered考点二主句与从句时态一致的问题在时间状语从句和条件状语从句132.主将从现:主句用一般将来时,而从句用一般现在时表示将来。IwillvisitmygoodfriendwhenI

time.

当我有空时,我将去看望我的好友。Ifshe

heretomorrow,Iwillgototheparkwithher.

如果明天她来这里,我将和她一起去公园。3.过去时态:若主从句都是在叙述过去的事情,则主从句可以用一般过去时或过去进行时。MymotherwascookingwhenIgothomeyesterday.昨天我到家时,我妈妈正在做饭。havecomes2.主将从现:主句用一般将来时,而从句用一般现在时表示将来。14考点三宾语从句和状语从句同时出现Idon'tknowif(是否)hewillcome.If(如果)hecomes,Iwilltellhimabouttheaccident.我不知道他是否会来。如果他来的话,我将告诉他这起事故。Idon'tknowwhen(什么时候)hewillcometomorrow.When(当……的时候)hecomes,Iwilltellhimaboutthenews.我不知道他明天什么时候来。当他来时,我将告诉他这则消息。考点三宾语从句和状语从句同时出现Idon'tknow15定语从句考点一关系代词的基本用法引导定语从句的关系代词有who(whose,whom),which,that。作主语作宾语作定语指人who/thatwho/whom/thatwhose指物which/thatwhich/thatwhose定语从句考点一关系代词的基本用法引导定语从句的关系代词有16考点二关系代词的特殊用法一般情况下,that既可指人又可指物,可以代替who,whom和which。1.下列情况关系词只能用that(1)先行词为不定代词all,few,little,much,everything,nothing等时。All(that)youhavetodoistopracticeeveryday.你必须要做的就是每天练习。Thereisn'tmuch(that)Icando.我能做的不多。(2)先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。Thefirstlesson(that)Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.我将永远不会忘记我上的第一堂课。Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。考点二关系代词的特殊用法一般情况下,that既可指人又可指17(3)先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等不定代词修饰时。Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.我已经读完了你给我的所有的书。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修饰时。ThewhitefloweristheonlyonethatIreallylike.这朵白花是我唯一真正喜欢的。Thisistheverybook

Iwanttoread.

这就是我想看的那本书。that(3)先行词被all,any,every,few,l18(5)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere?站在那边的那个人是谁?Whichofusthatknowsomethingaboutphysicsdoesn'tknowthis?在我们懂点物理的人当中有谁不知道这个?(6)先行词既有人又有物时。Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthings

wecouldremember.

我们谈论了我们所能记得的人和事。(7)time作先行词且前面有序数词或last修饰时,定语从句用that来引导(that可省略)。Thisisthelasttime(that)Ishallgiveyoualesson.这是我最后一次给你们上课了。Thefirsttime(that)Isawhimwasin2016.我第一次见到他是在2016年。that(5)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。t192.下列情况只能用which(1)关系代词作介词的宾语时,用“介词+which”结构。Thisisthebookfor

youask.

这是你要的书。(2)引导非限制性定语从句时,只能用which。Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.这本我已经读了三遍的小说很感人。which2.下列情况只能用whichwhich20考点三关系副词的用法1.when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词,在句中作状语。Istillremembertheday

IfirstcametoBeijing.我仍然记得第一次来北京的那一天。

2.where在句中作状语,表示地点。Thisisthefactory

Iworkedtwoyearsago.这就是我两年前工作的那家工厂。

3.why在句中作状语,表示原因。Iknowthereason

hecamelate.

我知道他来晚的原因。whenwherewhy考点三关系副词的用法1.when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间21中考真题演练1.—Canyoutellme

?

—HelivesinShanghai.A.whereMarklives B.wheredoesMarkliveC.whereMarklived D.wheredidMarklive2.—Judy,couldyoutellme

theschoolbag?

—Oh,yes.IboughtitinastoreontheInternet.A.wheredidyoubuy B.wherewillyoubuyC.whereyoubought D.whereyouwillbuy宾语从句AC中考真题演练1.—Canyoutellme?22中考真题演练3.[2018·北京]—Alice,couldyoutellme

London?

—Sure.LastSunday.A.whenMr.Smithleft B.whenMr.SmithwillleaveC.whendidMr.Smithleave D.whenwillMr.Smithleave[答案]A

[解析]考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述语序,排除C、D两项;根据答语中的“LastSunday.”判断使用一般过去时。故选A。中考真题演练3.[2018·北京]—Alice,cou23中考真题演练4.[2018·淮安]—Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme

thenearestpostoffice?

—Certainly.Walkacrosstheroadandturnright,andyou'llseeit.A.whencanIgetto B.whenIcangettoC.howcanIgetto D.howIcangetto[答案]D

[解析]考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序,排除A、C;答语提示用how引导宾语从句,表示“如何;怎样”,与when“何时”无关。故选D。中考真题演练4.[2018·淮安]—Excuseme,24中考真题演练5.[2018·莱芜]—YoucamebackfromBeijingyesterday.Couldyoutellme

?

—Iwenttherebytrain.A.howyouwentthere B.whoyouwentwithC.whatyouthinkofthetrip D.ifyouenjoythetrip[答案]A

[解析]考查宾语从句。根据答语“wenttherebytrain”可知,问句是询问去北京的交通方式。故选A。中考真题演练5.[2018·莱芜]—Youcameb25中考真题演练6.[2018·常州]—Canyoudescribe

?

—Yes.Iwaswalkingwhenabikeknockedmedownfrombehind.A.whydidtheaccidenthappen B.whendidtheaccidenthappenC.howtheaccidenthappened D.wheretheaccidenthappened[答案]C

[解析]

考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序,故可排除A和B项;根据答语“当我正走着的时候,一辆自行车从后面撞倒了我。”可知,本题询问的是“事故是怎么发生的?”故选C。中考真题演练6.[2018·常州]—Canyoude26中考真题演练7.[2018·沈阳]—Tom,Iwenttothepartyyesterdayevening.—Oh,Iwanttoknow

attheparty.

A.whodoyoumeet B.whoyoumeetC.whodidyoumeet D.whoyoumet[答案]D

[解析]

考查宾语从句。宾语从句要注意引导词、陈述语序、时态。根据上文“Tom,Iwenttothepartyyesterdayevening.”可以判断下文谈论的是昨天晚上的晚会,故要用一般过去时。根据宾语从句用陈述语序可知答案为D。中考真题演练7.[2018·沈阳]—Tom,Iwen27中考真题演练8.[2018·云南]—Idon'tknow

duringthesummervacation.Anyadvice?

—Howaboutdoingsomepart-timejobs?A.whatshouldIdo B.whatIshoulddoC.whereshouldIgo D.whereIshouldgoB中考真题演练8.[2018·云南]—Idon'tkn28中考真题演练9.[2018·日照]Thereissomuchnoiseinthenextroom.Iwonder

.

A.whataretheydoing B.whattheyaredoingC.whatweretheydoing D.whattheyweredoing[答案]B

[解析]

考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述语序,排除选项A、C;根据第一句及主句的时态可知宾语从句使用现在时态,排除选项D。故选B。中考真题演练9.[2018·日照]Thereisso29中考真题演练10.[2018·玉林]—Herearethejobsforyou,youngman.—Thankyou.CouldIchoose

?

A.whatIliketodomost B.whatIlikedtodomostC.whatdoIliketodomost D.whatdidIliketodomost[答案]A

[解析]

考查宾语从句。宾语从句要使用陈述语序,因此排除C、D;主句中could表示委婉的请求,不是过去式,故排除B。故选A。中考真题演练10.[2018·玉林]—Herearet30中考真题演练11.[2018·黄冈]—IreallywanttowatchOperationRedSea(《红海行动》).Couldyoutellme

?

—Sure.It'llbeonshowatTownCinema.A.whenwillitbeonshow B.whenitwillbeonshowC.wherewillitbeonshow D.whereitwillbeonshow[答案]D

[解析]

考查宾语从句。根据答语句意推知宾语从句问地点,C和D选项符合此意,该宾语从句是一个特殊疑问句,其特点是特殊疑问词在前,后面从句用陈述语序。故选D。中考真题演练11.[2018·黄冈]—Ireallyw31中考真题演练12.[2018·黄石]—I'msosorryaboutyesterday.—Don'tworryaboutit.It'sneverjustoneperson'sfault.Weshouldthinkabout

betternexttime.

A.howcanwedoit B.howwecandoitC.wherecanwedoit D.wherewecandoitB中考真题演练12.[2018·黄石]—I'msoso32中考真题演练13.[2018·泸州]—Couldyoutellme

yuanxiaoinChina?

—UsuallyattheLanternFestival.A.whendopeopleeat B.howdopeopleeatC.whenpeopleeat D.howpeopleeat[答案]C

[解析]

考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序,再结合后面的回答可知,前面问句与时间有关。故选C。中考真题演练13.[2018·泸州]—Couldyou33中考真题演练14.[2018·新疆]—Excuseme,couldyoutellme

fromyourhometoschool?

—It'sabout500meters.A.howfarisit B.howfaritisC.howlongdoesittakeyou D.howlongittakesyou[答案]B

[解析]

考查宾语从句。上句是宾语从句,从句中需用陈述语序,可排除A、C项;根据答语“It'sabout500meters.”可知,上句应是询问距离,因此用howfar表达。故选B。中考真题演练14.[2018·新疆]—Excuseme34中考真题演练15.[2018·河池]—Couldyoutellme

yourholiday,Jim?

—Yes.InSingapore.A.wheredidyouspend B.howyouspentC.howwillyouspend D.whereyouspent[答案]D

[解析]

考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序,故排除选项A和C;B项意为:你怎么度过假期?D项意为:你在哪里度过假期?根据答语“InSingapore.”可知问句应该是询问“在哪里度过假期”。故选D。中考真题演练15.[2018·河池]—Couldyou35中考真题演练16.[2018·莱芜]Jerrywillsucceedinworkingouttheproblem

hegivesup.

A.if B.becauseC.so D.unless17.Jackdidn'tcometoschooltoday

hewasill.

A.so B.butC.or D.because状语从句DD中考真题演练16.[2018·莱芜]Jerrywill36中考真题演练18.[2018·抚顺]LittleTonywashappytogetagiftfromhisfriend,

thegiftwasonlyacard.

A.though B.but C.since D.if19.[2018·曲靖]—What'syouropiniononfriends?—Theyarelikebooks.Wedon'tneedalotofthem

they'regood.

A.aslongas B.assoonasC.sothat D.asifAA中考真题演练18.[2018·抚顺]LittleTony37中考真题演练20.Westilldoexerciseeverymorning,

itisverycoldoutside.

A.so B.or C.although D.because21.OurEnglishteacherdidn'tcometoclass

herdaughterwasill.

A.and B.so C.but D.because22.[2018·本溪]Kevinbecameavolunteertosaveendangeredanimals

hehadnosuchexperience.

A.because B.if C.though D.untilCDC中考真题演练20.Westilldoexercise38中考真题演练23.Itwasrainingheavily,

wedecidedtostayathomeandwatchTV.

A.but B.so C.because D.or24.[2018·长春]Theskyismuchbluer

wehavetakenactiontoprotecttheenvironment.

A.becauseB.before C.until D.unless25.

itrainstomorrow,wewillgotothecinemainsteadofgoingcamping.

A.If B.WhenC.Though D.BecauseBAA中考真题演练23.Itwasrainingheavil39中考真题演练26.[2018·黔南]Jackhaslearnedmoreaboutteamwork(团队合作)

hejoinedthesoccerteam.

A.until B.sinceC.while D.though27.Mikehadabadcold,

hehadtostayathome.

A.or B.but C.because D.soBD中考真题演练26.[2018·黔南]Jackhasl40中考真题演练28.[2018·咸宁]—HarryPotteris

aninterestingnovel

Iwanttoreaditagain.

—Iagreewithyou.A.so;that B.too;toC.such;that D.as;as29.WewillmeettheEnglishfriends

wehavetime.

A.if B.so C.but D.and30.Wedidnotenjoytheday

theweatherwastoobad.

A.or B.becauseC.but D.soCAB中考真题演练28.[2018·咸宁]—HarryPot41中考真题演练31.[2018·黄冈]—Class,youshouldbethankfultothosepeople

helpedandsupportedyou.

—Wewill,MissChen.A.which B.whom C.who D.whose定语从句[答案]C

[解析]

考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词为people,且从句缺少主语,所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句。故选C。中考真题演练31.[2018·黄冈]—Class,yo42中考真题演练32.[2018·随州]—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I'mlookingforthedictionary

youlentmelastweek.

A.who B.what C.when D.that[答案]D

[解析]

考查定语从句。“youlentmelastweek”为定语从句,先行词thedictionary为物,故用关系代词which/that引导定语从句。故选D。中考真题演练32.[2018·随州]—Whatare43中考真题演练33.[2018·自贡改编]—IntheprogramTheSingerin2018,IlikeHuaChenyumost.—Yes.Heisthesinger

wonthefirstprizeofHappyBoys'Voicein2013.

A.who B.which C.what D.whose[答案]A

[解析]

考查定语从句。what不引导定语从句;which哪一个,先行词一般为物;定语从句的先行词是thesinger,是人,所以用who引导定语从句。故选A。中考真题演练33.[2018·自贡改编]—Inthe44中考真题演练34.[2018·安顺]—OnlyYouisaTVprogram

ispopularwithmostyoungpeople.

—Yes,itisdefinitelytrue.A.that B.whoseC.what D.who[答案]A

[解析]

考查定语从句。这里的先行词是aTVprogram,表示事物,用that引导定语从句。故选A。中考真题演练34.[2018·安顺]—OnlyYou45中考真题演练35.[2018·十堰]Shehasateenagegranddaughteraboutmyage

isreallykind.

A.which B.whoC.where D./[答案]B

[解析]

考查定语从句。先行词granddaughter指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语。故选B。中考真题演练35.[2018·十堰]Shehasa46中考真题演练36.[2018·兰州]Ilikethecity

thepeoplearereallykindandfriendly.

A.that B.whichC.where D.who[答案]C

[解析]

考查定语从句。分析题干可知此处定语从句修饰的名词“thecity”表示地点,所以定语从句用where来引导,where在定语从句中用作地点状语。故选C。中考真题演练36.[2018·兰州]Ilikethe47PARTTWO第二篇

语法突破篇语法专题（十四）宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句PARTTWO第二篇语法突破篇语法专题（十四）宾语从句48【中考考点】(1)宾语从句的时态、语序及引导词。(2)宾语从句的简化形式。(3)状语从句中连词的选择和时态。(4)关系代词和关系副词的基本用法。(5)关系代词的特殊用法。【中考考点】49考点一引导词宾语从句1.在that引导的宾语从句中,若是陈述句作宾语,that可以省略。Theradiosays(that)itwillraintomorrow.收音机报道说明天要下雨。2.连接代词which,what,who等或连接副词how,where,why,when等引导的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,从句改用陈述语序。Couldyoutellme

toyou?

你能告诉我他跟你说了些什么吗?whathesaid考点一引导词宾语从句1.在that引导的宾语从句中,若503.whether或if引导的一般疑问句或选择疑问句作宾语从句时,从句改用陈述语序。Iwonder

youhavetoldthenewstoLiLei.我想知道你是否已经告诉李雷这个消息了。

【注意】下列几种情况中,宾语从句的引导词通常使用whether:(1)具有选择意义且又有or或ornot,尤其是直接与ornot连用时,往往用whether。(2)介词之后用whether。(3)不定式前用whether。if/whether3.whether或if引导的一般疑问句或选择疑问句作51考点二时态1.当主句为现在时态时,宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。Irememberhe

meabookyesterday.

我记得他昨天给了我一本书。Hehastoldmethathe

forNewYorktomorrow.

他已经告诉我明天他就动身去纽约了。2.当主句为过去时态时,宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。WeaskedwhatJeanwasdoingthen.我们问琼那时正在做什么。3.当从句表述的是客观真理或普遍规律时,宾语从句要使用一般现在时。Lisasaidlight

fasterthansound.

丽萨说光的传播速度比声音快。gavewillleavetravels/goes考点二时态1.当主句为现在时态时,宾语从句的时态可根据实际52考点三语序1.陈述句改为宾语从句时,语序不变。Heisagoodchild.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid(that)hewasagoodchild.老师说他是个好孩子。2.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时,语序改为陈述语序。Doesheworkhard?Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whether

.

我想知道他工作是否努力。Whendidheleave?Idon'tknow.→Idon'tknowwhenheleft.我不知道他是什么时候离开的。heworkshard考点三语序1.陈述句改为宾语从句时,语序不变。hewor53【注意】宾语从句的简化当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。Idon'tknowwhatIshouldsay.→Idon'tknowwhat

.

我不知道要说什么。tosay【注意】宾语从句的简化tosay54考点一状语从句的分类状语从句1.时间状语从句引导词有when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,not…until…,assoonas等。Whenhecomesback,I'llgiveyouacall.他回来时,我会给你打电话的。Theydidn'tstopuntiltheyfinishedthework.他们直到完成工作才停下来。I'llringyouassoonasIreachBeijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。考点一状语从句的分类状语从句1.时间状语从句552.原因状语从句引导词有because,since,as等。Ididn'tgo,becauseIwasafraid.我没去,因为我害怕。Sinceyouarefreetoday,you'dbettertakeagoodrest.既然你今天有空,你最好好好休息。3.条件状语从句引导词有if,unless,aslongas等。Ifitrains,I'llgobycar.如果下雨,我就乘小汽车去。Youcannotsucceedunlessyouworkhard.如果你不努力学习,你是不会成功的。2.原因状语从句564.结果状语从句引导词有so…that…,such…that…等。Itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'tseetheroad.雨下得如此大,以至于我们看不见路。5.让步状语从句引导词有though,eventhough/if,although,“nomatter+疑问词”等。Eventhough/ifyousayso,Idonotbelieveit.即使你这么说,我也不信。4.结果状语从句576.目的状语从句引导词有sothat,inorderthat等。IneedtogetupearlysothatIcancatchtheearlybus.我需要早起,以便我能赶上早班车。7.方式状语从句引导词有asif/though,as等。Thechildtalkedtousasifhewereagrown-up.那个孩子跟我们谈起话来像个成年人似的。6.目的状语从句588.地点状语从句引导词有where,wherever等。Whereverhegoes,healwaysbringshispetdog.无论他去哪里,他总是带着他的宠物狗。9.比较状语从句引导词有than,as…as…,notas/so…as…等。CarolspeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.卡罗尔英语说得和你一样好。8.地点状语从句59考点二主句与从句时态一致的问题在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分为下列三种情况:1.主现从现:若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词时,那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.过马路时要小心。Thetrafficmuststopwhenthelights

.

当红灯亮时,车辆必须停下来。turn/arered考点二主句与从句时态一致的问题在时间状语从句和条件状语从句602.主将从现:主句用一般将来时,而从句用一般现在时表示将来。IwillvisitmygoodfriendwhenI

time.

当我有空时,我将去看望我的好友。Ifshe

heretomorrow,Iwillgototheparkwithher.

如果明天她来这里,我将和她一起去公园。3.过去时态:若主从句都是在叙述过去的事情,则主从句可以用一般过去时或过去进行时。MymotherwascookingwhenIgothomeyesterday.昨天我到家时,我妈妈正在做饭。havecomes2.主将从现:主句用一般将来时,而从句用一般现在时表示将来。61考点三宾语从句和状语从句同时出现Idon'tknowif(是否)hewillcome.If(如果)hecomes,Iwilltellhimabouttheaccident.我不知道他是否会来。如果他来的话,我将告诉他这起事故。Idon'tknowwhen(什么时候)hewillcometomorrow.When(当……的时候)hecomes,Iwilltellhimaboutthenews.我不知道他明天什么时候来。当他来时,我将告诉他这则消息。考点三宾语从句和状语从句同时出现Idon'tknow62定语从句考点一关系代词的基本用法引导定语从句的关系代词有who(whose,whom),which,that。作主语作宾语作定语指人who/thatwho/whom/thatwhose指物which/thatwhich/thatwhose定语从句考点一关系代词的基本用法引导定语从句的关系代词有63考点二关系代词的特殊用法一般情况下,that既可指人又可指物,可以代替who,whom和which。1.下列情况关系词只能用that(1)先行词为不定代词all,few,little,much,everything,nothing等时。All(that)youhavetodoistopracticeeveryday.你必须要做的就是每天练习。Thereisn'tmuch(that)Icando.我能做的不多。(2)先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。Thefirstlesson(that)Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.我将永远不会忘记我上的第一堂课。Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。考点二关系代词的特殊用法一般情况下,that既可指人又可指64(3)先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等不定代词修饰时。Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.我已经读完了你给我的所有的书。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修饰时。ThewhitefloweristheonlyonethatIreallylike.这朵白花是我唯一真正喜欢的。Thisistheverybook

Iwanttoread.

这就是我想看的那本书。that(3)先行词被all,any,every,few,l65(5)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere?站在那边的那个人是谁?Whichofusthatknowsomethingaboutphysicsdoesn'tknowthis?在我们懂点物理的人当中有谁不知道这个?(6)先行词既有人又有物时。Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthings

wecouldremember.

我们谈论了我们所能记得的人和事。(7)time作先行词且前面有序数词或last修饰时,定语从句用that来引导(that可省略)。Thisisthelasttime(that)Ishallgiveyoualesson.这是我最后一次给你们上课了。Thefirsttime(that)Isawhimwasin2016.我第一次见到他是在2016年。that(5)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。t662.下列情况只能用which(1)关系代词作介词的宾语时,用“介词+which”结构。Thisisthebookfor

youask.

这是你要的书。(2)引导非限制性定语从句时,只能用which。Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.这本我已经读了三遍的小说很感人。which2.下列情况只能用whichwhich67考点三关系副词的用法1.when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词,在句中作状语。Istillremembertheday

IfirstcametoBeijing.我仍然记得第一次来北京的那一天。

2.where在句中作状语,表示地点。Thisisthefactory

Iworkedtwoyearsago.这就是我两年前工作的那家工厂。

3.why在句中作状语,表示原因。Iknowthereason

hecamelate.

我知道他来晚的原因。whenwherewhy考点三关系副词的用法1.when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间68中考真题演练1.—Canyoutellme

?

—HelivesinShanghai.A.whereMarklives B.wheredoesMarkliveC.whereMarklived D.wheredidMarklive2.—Judy,couldyoutellme

theschoolbag?

—Oh,yes.IboughtitinastoreontheInternet.A.wheredidyoubuy B.wherewillyoubuyC.whereyoubought D.whereyouwillbuy宾语从句AC中考真题演练1.—Canyoutellme?69中考真题演练3.[2018·北京]—Alice,couldyoutellme

London?

—Sure.LastSunday.A.whenMr.Smithleft B.whenMr.SmithwillleaveC.whendidMr.Smithleave D.whenwillMr.Smithleave[答案]A

[解析]考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述语序,排除C、D两项;根据答语中的“LastSunday.”判断使用一般过去时。故选A。中考真题演练3.[2018·北京]—Alice,cou70中考真题演练4.[2018·淮安]—Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme

thenearestpostoffice?

—Certainly.Walkacrosstheroadandturnright,andyou'llseeit.A.whencanIgetto B.whenIcangettoC.howcanIgetto D.howIcangetto[答案]D

[解析]考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序,排除A、C;答语提示用how引导宾语从句,表示“如何;怎样”,与when“何时”无关。故选D。中考真题演练4.[2018·淮安]—Excuseme,71中考真题演练5.[2018·莱芜]—YoucamebackfromBeijingyesterday.Couldyoutellme

?

—Iwenttherebytrain.A.howyouwentthere B.whoyouwentwithC.whatyouthinkofthetrip D.ifyouenjoythetrip[答案]A

[解析]考查宾语从句。根据答语“wenttherebytrain”可知,问句是询问去北京的交通方式。故选A。中考真题演练5.[2018·莱芜]—Youcameb72中考真题演练6.[2018·常州]—Canyoudescribe

?

—Yes.Iwaswalkingwhenabikeknockedmedownfrombehind.A.whydidtheaccidenthappen B.whendidtheaccidenthappenC.howtheaccidenthappened D.wheretheaccidenthappened[答案]C

[解析]

考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序,故可排除A和B项;根据答语“当我正走着的时候,一辆自行车从后面撞倒了我。”可知,本题询问的是“事故是怎么发生的?”故选C。中考真题演练6.[2018·常州]—Canyoude73中考真题演练7.[2018·沈阳]—Tom,Iwenttothepartyyesterdayevening.—Oh,Iwanttoknow

attheparty.

A.whodoyoumeet B.whoyoumeetC.whodidyoumeet D.whoyoumet[答案]D

[解析]

考查宾语从句。宾语从句要注意引导词、陈述语序、时态。根据上文“Tom,Iwenttothepartyyesterdayevening.”可以判断下文谈论的是昨天晚上的晚会,故要用一般过去时。根据宾语从句用陈述语序可知答案为D。中考真题演练7.[2018·沈阳]—Tom,Iwen74中考真题演练8.[2018·云南]—Idon'tknow

duringthesummervacation.Anyadvice?

—Howaboutdoingsomepart-timejobs?A.whatshouldIdo B.whatIshoulddoC.whereshouldIgo D.whereIshouldgoB中考真题演练8.[2018·云南]—Idon'tkn75中考真题演练9.[2018·日照]Thereissomuchnoiseinthenextroom.Iwonder

.

A.whataretheydoing B.whattheyaredoingC.whatweretheydoing D.whattheyweredoing[答案]B

[解析]

考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述语序,排除选项A、C;根据第一句及主句的时态可知宾语从句使用现在时态,排除选项D。故选B。中考真题演练9.[2018·日照]Thereisso76中考真题演练10.[2018·玉林]—Herearethejobsforyou,youngman.—Thankyou.CouldIchoose

?

A.whatIliketodomost B.whatIlikedtodomostC.whatdoIliketodomost D.whatdidIliketodomost[答案]A

[解析]

考查宾语从句。宾语从句要使用陈述语序,因此排除C、D;主句中could表示委婉的请求,不是过去式,故排除B。故选A。中考真题演练10.[2018·玉林]—Herearet77中考真题演练11.[2018·黄冈]—IreallywanttowatchOperationRedSea(《红海行动》).Couldyoutellme

?

—Sure.It'llbeonshowatTownCinema.A.whenwillitbeonshow B.whenitwillbeonshowC.wherewillitbeonshow D.whereitwillbeonshow[答案]D

[解析]

考查宾语从句。根据答语句意推知宾语从句问地点,C和D选项符合此意,该宾语从句是一个特殊疑问句,其特点是特殊疑问词在前,后面从句用陈述语序。故选D。中考真题演练11.[2018·黄冈]—Ireallyw78中考真题演练12.[2018·黄石]—I'msosorryaboutyesterday.—Don'tworryaboutit.It'sneverjustoneperson'sfault.Weshouldthinkabout

betternexttime.

A.howcanwedoit B.howwecandoitC.wherecanwedoit D.wherewecandoitB中考真题演练12.[2018·黄石]—I'msoso79中考真题演练13.[2018·泸州]—Couldyoutellme

yuanxiaoinChina?

—UsuallyattheLanternFestival.A.whendopeopleeat B.howdopeopleeatC.whenpeopleeat D.howpeopleeat[答案]C

[解析]

考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序,再结合后面的回答可知,前面问句与时间有关。故选C。中考真题演练13.[2018·泸州]—Couldyou80中考真题演练14.[2018·新疆]—Excuseme,couldyoutellme

fromyourhometoschool?

—It'sabout500meters.A.howfarisit B.howfaritisC.howlongdoesittakeyou D.howlongittakesyou[答案]B

[解析]

考查宾语从句。上句是宾语从句,从句中需用陈述语序,可排除A、C项;根据答语“It'sabout500meters.”可知,上句应是询问距离,因此用howfar表达。故选B。中考真题演练14.[2018·新疆]—Excuseme81中考真题演练15.[2018·河池]—Couldyoutellme

yourholiday,Jim?

—Yes.InSingapore.A.wheredidyouspend B.howyouspentC.howwillyouspend D.whereyouspent[答案]D

[解析]

考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序,故排除选项A和C;B项意为:你怎么度过假期?D项意为:你在哪里度过假期?根据答语“InSingapore.”可知问句应该是询问“在哪里度过假期”。故选D。中考真题演练15.[2018·河池]—Couldyou82中考真题演练16.[2018·莱芜]Jerrywillsucceedinworkingouttheproblem

hegivesup.

A.if B.becauseC.so D.unless17.Jackdidn'tcometoschooltoday

hewasill.

A.so B.butC.or D.because状语从句DD中考真题演练16.[2018·莱芜]Jerrywill83中考真题演练18.[2018·抚顺]LittleTonywashappytogetagiftfromhisfriend,

thegiftwasonlyacard.

A.though B.but C.since D.if19.[2018·曲靖]—What'syouropiniononfriends?—Theyarelikebooks.Wedon'tneedalotofthem

they'regood.

A.aslongas B.assoonasC.sothat D.asifAA中考真题