猜测词义-阅读理解课件

Dealingwith

newwordsorphrasesin

readingcomprehensionComprehensionofWordsDealingwithComprehe1英语高考阅读理解解题策略之猜测词义题英语高考阅读理解解题策略之猜测词义题21.主旨大意2.细节理解3.猜测词义4.推理判断5.篇章结构6.观点态度阅读理解题型1.阅读理解Teachingbackground教学背景1.主旨大意2.细节理解3.猜测词义4.推理判断5.3QuestionForms1.Theword“…”refersto

/means

/

couldbestbereplacedby______.2.Theunderlinedword/sentencemeans___.3.Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“…”.____常见的猜测词义题设问方式QuestionForms1.Theword“…”r4

你知道以下单词或短语的意思吗？猜猜看！whenpigsflygreenhandbigpotatoshanghaijohn

warmup:

你知道以下单词或短语的意思吗？猜猜看！whenpigs5whenpigsflyA:DoyouthinkMarywillquitherjobnowthatshe'spregnant?

B:

Whenpigsfly!Thereisnowaysheisgivinguphercareer.天方夜谈，太阳从西边出来whenpigsflyA:DoyouthinkM6greenhandOnthewaytothefactory,Jacksangapopsonghappily.becauseitisthefirstdayforhimtowork.Whenhewasworking,hetalkedwithhisnewcolleagues.Suddenly,themachinebrokedownbecauseofhiscarelessness.Jackwasafraidoftheblameofhisboss.Hisnewcolleaguetoldhim,“takeiteasy,youareagreenhand.”新手,没有经验的人greenhandOnthewaytothefa7Tomisagreatman.Heistreatedasabigpotato.abigpotato大人物Tomisagreatman.Heistrea8shanghaiTouristswere

shanghaiedintobuyingexpensivefakes(假货）.Someguidestoldthemthatfakesaregood.Theyareworthbuying.诱骗shanghaiTouristswereshanghai9johnTimdranktoomuchwaterlastnight,sohewenttovisitjohntwice.厕所johnTimdranktoomuchwaterl10方法一：

Usingwordformation（构词法）2.Usefulstrategies猜词技巧方法一：2.Usefulstrategies猜词技巧111.

It’struethatlighthousewasbuiltinout-of-the-wayplace.2.Whenmenandwomenlivedbyhunting50,000yearsago,howcouldtheyevenbegintopicturemodernlife?

3.Whenhereachedtheplacewithhisarmy,hefoundanimpassableriverinfrontofhim.Word-formation偏远的（合成形容词）v.构想（词性变化）（构词法）不可逾越的，无法通过的（词的派生）方法一1.It’struethatlighthouse12prefix(前缀）

suffix（后缀）

un-

wordroot

(词根）

believe

-ableGuessingthemeaningunbelievableprefix(前缀）suffix（后缀）13

Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditional

love,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmental

listenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence.(2003NMET)Withtheirshiningbrown14unconditional:无条件的,绝对的adj.condition

conditional

情况，条件n.

有条件的adj.unconditional:unconditional:无条件的,conditionc15nonjudgmental:没有判断力的judge

judgment

judgmental判断v.判断n.adj.nonjudgmental:nonjudgmental:没有判断力的judgejudg16

super-inter-mini-micro-anti-co-post-pre--ship

在……之间超极小的反对后身份，资格微小一同，一起之前super-在……之间17方法二：Usingcontextclues（利用上下文线索）方法二：18同义词、近义词

Doctorsbelievethatsmokingisdetrimental

topeople'shealth.Theyalsoregarddrinkingasharmful.有害的adj.作者可能会用一个近义词或者同义词去解释另一个更难的词，以便使他的文字意思更清楚，近义词往往出现在同一句或者同一段落中。

also技巧1harmful同义词、近义词Doctorsbelievetha19资金n.

Atthebeginningtheydidnot

haveenough

capital

tostartabusiness,norweretheyabletoborrowtheamountofmoneytheyneededfromthebank.money同义词、近义词nor常见信号词：thatistosay,inotherwords,or,mean,becalled,referto

资金n.Atthebeginning20反义词eg.Unlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeman,Johnisquitehomely．“homely”means“

”.ugly常见信号词:

Unlike技巧2handsomeunlike,but,although,yet,while,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,insteadof,ratherthan反义词eg.Unlikehisbrother,who21Ratherthanlikingthemovie,asIexpectedthemto,allmyfriendsabhorred

it.

Ifyouagree,write“yes”;ifyoudissent,write“no”.

Rather

thanlikingnoyesagree厌恶，憎恨不赞成；不同意Ratherthanlikingthemov22定义、解释或举例

通过定义,定语从句/同位语/词或词组(is;mean;thatis;that’stosay;namely;inotherwords;toputitanotherway;suchas;like;forinstance;forexample)来确定词义。技巧3定义、解释或举例通过定义,定语从句/同位语/词或词组技巧231.Whenwritinganarticle,weoftenusesimile,suchas“braveasalion”and“quicklikelightning”．

“simile”means“___________”.明喻【修辞】常见的信号词：such

as,forexample,forinstance

suchas1.Whenwritinganarticle,we24坚决的2.Socialmobilityisthemovementfromoneclassorleveloflivingtoanother.3.Heisaresoluteman,oncehesetsupa

goal,hewillnotgiveitupeasily.社会流动性坚决的2.Socialmobilityisthem25因果关系1.文章借助关联词because,as,since,for,so,thus,astheresult,therefore等表示前因后果.2.有时利用动词leadto,cause,resultin,resultfrom,bringabout等表达因果关系.技巧4常见信号词:因果关系1.文章借助关联词because,as,sinc26---sinceyouaremysuperior（上级）,itwouldbe

presumptuousofmetotellyouwhattodo.A．fullofrespect B．tooconfidentandrudeC．lackinginexperienceD．tooshyandquiet

sincesuperiortooconfidentandrude---sinceyouaremysuperior（27标点符号（冒号；破折号；括号）1.Youcantakeoneoftheperiodicals:

TheWorldofEnglishorReader'sDigest.

A.dictionariesB.story-booksC.magazinesD.newspapers

技巧5magazines标点符号（冒号；破折号；括号）1.Youcantake282.Theotherquestionedtheveracity

——

thetruthfulnessofthesereports.真实性2.Theotherquestionedtheve29方法三：Commonsense（常识）方法三：30Commonsense

常识1.Birdsflywiththeirwings,andtheypickuptheirfood,andtheneatthemwiththeir

beaksandtheyusetheirclawsfortearing,seizing,pullingorholdingobjects.2.Mostoftherosesarebeginningtowitherbecauseofthecold.

“beak”heremeans___________________.“wither”

refersto___________________.abird’smouth

鸟喙；鸟嘴dryupanddie枯萎，凋谢方法三Commonsense常识1.Birdsflyw31Usingwordformation（构词法）

Using

context(上下文）

clues（线索）

Commonsense（常识）同义词、近义词反义词定义、解释或举例因果关系标点符号Summary小结4.Usingwordformation（构词法）同义词、32Practicemakesperfect5.Practice真题演练Practicemakesperfect5.Practi33…Thehomelesspeoplemayhavebecomejoblessandthenbeenunabletopaytheirrentandsonolongerhavearoofovertheirheads.

(陕西卷)Inparagraph2,“aroofovertheirheads”mostprobablymeans______.

A.acapB.acarC.ahomeD.acovering真题演练：（根据因果关系）真题演练：（根据因果关系）34“UnlikevitaminC,leadershipskillscan’tbeeasilyswalloweddown.Theymustbecarefullycultivated.”(广东卷)Theunderlinedwordroughlymeans____.A.encouragedB.comparedC.examinedD.developed真题演练：（根据转折对比关系）真题演练：（根据转折对比关系）35真题演练：RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.（福建卷）Thephrase“moppingup”intheparagraphmeans______.A.cleaningupB.takinginC.wipingoutD.givingout（根据常识）真题演练：（根据常识）36Itnowtakesyearsforscientiststocollectallthedatatheyneedtodescribeandanalyzespecies.ThecreatorsoftheEncyclopediaofLifehopethattheirnewtoolwillspeedupthatprocess.(北京卷)Inthelastparagraph,“thatprocess”means______.A.analyzingspeciesB.creatinganewtoolC.collectingdataD.describingspecies真题演练：Itnowtakesyearsforsc37

（2012广东）Well,atlastwehavecopper-bottomed

researchthatsupportsdemandfeedingandpointsouttheweaknessesofstrictlytimedfeeding....Bytheageof8,theirIQ（智商）scoresarefourtofivepercenthigherthanbabiesfedbyarigidtimetable.ThisResearchcomesfromOxfordandEssexUniversityusingasample（样本）of10,419childrenbornintheearly1990s,takingaccountofparentaleducation,familyincome,achild’ssexandage,themother’shealthandfeelingstyle.Theseresultsdon’tsurpriseme.33.Theword“copper-bottomed”inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto_________.A.basic

B.reliable

C.surprising

D.interestingThisResearchcomesfromOxfordandEssexUniversityusingasample（样本）of

takingaccountofparentaleducation,familyincome,achild’ssexandage,themother’shealthandfeelingstyle.10,419childrenB.reliable（2012广东）Well,atlastweh38（2011广东）Candogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehome?Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight.Arecentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeofsuccess.Accordingtothestudy,ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog,andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsforcats,ayearfordogs),itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Two-thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.31.TheunderlinedwordswimminglyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.earlyB.sweetlyC.quicklyD.smoothlyD.smoothly（2011广东）Candogsandcats39（2010广东）Whensomethinggoeswrong,itcanbeverysatisfyingtosay,"Well,it'sso-and-so'sfault."or"IknowI'mlate,butit'snotmyfault;thecarbrokedown."Itisprobablynotyourfault,butonceyouformthehabitofblamingsomebodyorsomethingelseforabadsituation,youarealoser.Youhavenopowerandcoulddonothingthathelpschangethesituation.However,youcanhavegreatpoweroverwhathappenstoyouifyoustopfocusingonwhomtoblameandstartfocusingonhowtoremedythesituation.Thisisthewinner'skeytosuccess.47.TheunderlinedwordremedyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto. A.avoidB.acceptC.improveD.considerC.improve（2010广东）Whensomethinggo40Homework《名师导学》：P65Homework《名师导学》：P6541Thankyouforyourattention!Thankyouforyourattention!42

Dealingwith

newwordsorphrasesin

readingcomprehensionComprehensionofWordsDealingwithComprehe43英语高考阅读理解解题策略之猜测词义题英语高考阅读理解解题策略之猜测词义题441.主旨大意2.细节理解3.猜测词义4.推理判断5.篇章结构6.观点态度阅读理解题型1.阅读理解Teachingbackground教学背景1.主旨大意2.细节理解3.猜测词义4.推理判断5.45QuestionForms1.Theword“…”refersto

/means

/

couldbestbereplacedby______.2.Theunderlinedword/sentencemeans___.3.Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“…”.____常见的猜测词义题设问方式QuestionForms1.Theword“…”r46

你知道以下单词或短语的意思吗？猜猜看！whenpigsflygreenhandbigpotatoshanghaijohn

warmup:

你知道以下单词或短语的意思吗？猜猜看！whenpigs47whenpigsflyA:DoyouthinkMarywillquitherjobnowthatshe'spregnant?

B:

Whenpigsfly!Thereisnowaysheisgivinguphercareer.天方夜谈，太阳从西边出来whenpigsflyA:DoyouthinkM48greenhandOnthewaytothefactory,Jacksangapopsonghappily.becauseitisthefirstdayforhimtowork.Whenhewasworking,hetalkedwithhisnewcolleagues.Suddenly,themachinebrokedownbecauseofhiscarelessness.Jackwasafraidoftheblameofhisboss.Hisnewcolleaguetoldhim,“takeiteasy,youareagreenhand.”新手,没有经验的人greenhandOnthewaytothefa49Tomisagreatman.Heistreatedasabigpotato.abigpotato大人物Tomisagreatman.Heistrea50shanghaiTouristswere

shanghaiedintobuyingexpensivefakes(假货）.Someguidestoldthemthatfakesaregood.Theyareworthbuying.诱骗shanghaiTouristswereshanghai51johnTimdranktoomuchwaterlastnight,sohewenttovisitjohntwice.厕所johnTimdranktoomuchwaterl52方法一：

Usingwordformation（构词法）2.Usefulstrategies猜词技巧方法一：2.Usefulstrategies猜词技巧531.

It’struethatlighthousewasbuiltinout-of-the-wayplace.2.Whenmenandwomenlivedbyhunting50,000yearsago,howcouldtheyevenbegintopicturemodernlife?

3.Whenhereachedtheplacewithhisarmy,hefoundanimpassableriverinfrontofhim.Word-formation偏远的（合成形容词）v.构想（词性变化）（构词法）不可逾越的，无法通过的（词的派生）方法一1.It’struethatlighthouse54prefix(前缀）

suffix（后缀）

un-

wordroot

(词根）

believe

-ableGuessingthemeaningunbelievableprefix(前缀）suffix（后缀）55

Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditional

love,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmental

listenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence.(2003NMET)Withtheirshiningbrown56unconditional:无条件的,绝对的adj.condition

conditional

情况，条件n.

有条件的adj.unconditional:unconditional:无条件的,conditionc57nonjudgmental:没有判断力的judge

judgment

judgmental判断v.判断n.adj.nonjudgmental:nonjudgmental:没有判断力的judgejudg58

super-inter-mini-micro-anti-co-post-pre--ship

在……之间超极小的反对后身份，资格微小一同，一起之前super-在……之间59方法二：Usingcontextclues（利用上下文线索）方法二：60同义词、近义词

Doctorsbelievethatsmokingisdetrimental

topeople'shealth.Theyalsoregarddrinkingasharmful.有害的adj.作者可能会用一个近义词或者同义词去解释另一个更难的词，以便使他的文字意思更清楚，近义词往往出现在同一句或者同一段落中。

also技巧1harmful同义词、近义词Doctorsbelievetha61资金n.

Atthebeginningtheydidnot

haveenough

capital

tostartabusiness,norweretheyabletoborrowtheamountofmoneytheyneededfromthebank.money同义词、近义词nor常见信号词：thatistosay,inotherwords,or,mean,becalled,referto

资金n.Atthebeginning62反义词eg.Unlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeman,Johnisquitehomely．“homely”means“

”.ugly常见信号词:

Unlike技巧2handsomeunlike,but,although,yet,while,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,insteadof,ratherthan反义词eg.Unlikehisbrother,who63Ratherthanlikingthemovie,asIexpectedthemto,allmyfriendsabhorred

it.

Ifyouagree,write“yes”;ifyoudissent,write“no”.

Rather

thanlikingnoyesagree厌恶，憎恨不赞成；不同意Ratherthanlikingthemov64定义、解释或举例

通过定义,定语从句/同位语/词或词组(is;mean;thatis;that’stosay;namely;inotherwords;toputitanotherway;suchas;like;forinstance;forexample)来确定词义。技巧3定义、解释或举例通过定义,定语从句/同位语/词或词组技巧651.Whenwritinganarticle,weoftenusesimile,suchas“braveasalion”and“quicklikelightning”．

“simile”means“___________”.明喻【修辞】常见的信号词：such

as,forexample,forinstance

suchas1.Whenwritinganarticle,we66坚决的2.Socialmobilityisthemovementfromoneclassorleveloflivingtoanother.3.Heisaresoluteman,oncehesetsupa

goal,hewillnotgiveitupeasily.社会流动性坚决的2.Socialmobilityisthem67因果关系1.文章借助关联词because,as,since,for,so,thus,astheresult,therefore等表示前因后果.2.有时利用动词leadto,cause,resultin,resultfrom,bringabout等表达因果关系.技巧4常见信号词:因果关系1.文章借助关联词because,as,sinc68---sinceyouaremysuperior（上级）,itwouldbe

presumptuousofmetotellyouwhattodo.A．fullofrespect B．tooconfidentandrudeC．lackinginexperienceD．tooshyandquiet

sincesuperiortooconfidentandrude---sinceyouaremysuperior（69标点符号（冒号；破折号；括号）1.Youcantakeoneoftheperiodicals:

TheWorldofEnglishorReader'sDigest.

A.dictionariesB.story-booksC.magazinesD.newspapers

技巧5magazines标点符号（冒号；破折号；括号）1.Youcantake702.Theotherquestionedtheveracity

——

thetruthfulnessofthesereports.真实性2.Theotherquestionedtheve71方法三：Commonsense（常识）方法三：72Commonsense

常识1.Birdsflywiththeirwings,andtheypickuptheirfood,andtheneatthemwiththeir

beaksandtheyusetheirclawsfortearing,seizing,pullingorholdingobjects.2.Mostoftherosesarebeginningtowitherbecauseofthecold.

“beak”heremeans___________________.“wither”

refersto___________________.abird’smouth

鸟喙；鸟嘴dryupanddie枯萎，凋谢方法三Commonsense常识1.Birdsflyw73Usingwordformation（构词法）

Using

context(上下文）

clues（线索）

Commonsense（常识）同义词、近义词反义词定义、解释或举例因果关系标点符号Summary小结4.Usingwordformation（构词法）同义词、74Practicemakesperfect5.Practice真题演练Practicemakesperfect5.Practi75…Thehomelesspeoplemayhavebecomejoblessandthenbeenunabletopaytheirrentandsonolongerhavearoofovertheirheads.

(陕西卷)Inparagraph2,“aroofovertheirheads”mostprobablymeans______.

A.acapB.acarC.ahomeD.acovering真题演练：（根据因果关系）真题演练：（根据因果关系）76“UnlikevitaminC,leadershipskillscan’tbeeasilyswalloweddown.Theymustbecarefullycultivated.”(广东卷)Theunderlinedwordroughlymeans____.A.encouragedB.comparedC.examinedD.developed真题演练：（根据转折对比关系）真题演练：（根据转折对比关系）77真题演练：RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.（福建卷）Thephrase“moppingup”intheparagraphmeans______.A.cleaningupB.takinginC.wipingoutD.givingout（根据常识）真题演练：（根据常识）78Itnowtakesyearsforscientiststocollectallthedatatheyneedtodescribeandanalyzespecies.ThecreatorsoftheEncyclopediaofLifehopethattheirnewtoolwillspeedupthatprocess.(北京卷)Inthelastparagraph,“thatprocess”means______.A.analyzingspeciesB.creatinganewtoolC.collectingdataD.describingspecies真题演练：Itnowtakesyearsforsc79

（2012广东）Well,atlastwehavecopper-bottomed

researchthatsupportsdemandfeedingandpointsouttheweaknessesofstrictlytimedfeeding....Bytheageof8,theirIQ（智商）scoresarefourtofivepercenthigherthanbabiesfedbyarigidtimetable.ThisResearchcomesfromOxfordandEssexUniversityusingasample（样本）of10,419childrenbornintheearly1990s,takingaccountofparentaleducation,familyincome,achild’ssexandage,themother’shealthandfeelingstyle.Theseresultsdon’tsurpriseme.33.Theword“