(通用版)高考英语二轮复习语法专题突破专题二　代词 (含答案)

专题二代词-2-高考感悟考点归纳Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive

it

atry.

2.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofindthem(they)alive.3.(2018·浙江卷)ManywesternerswhocometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap

it

canbetoeatout.

4.(2017·浙江卷)“ShethoughtIhadhurtmyself(I),”saysPahlsson.5.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷)However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing

it

everyday.

-3-高考感悟考点归纳Ⅱ.单句改错1.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷)They(Myparents)wouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.us→me2.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)Ihaddonemyselfhomework,butIwasshy.myself→my/the3.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷)Mr.and

Mrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.all→both4.(2017·全国Ⅲ卷)Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.your→my-4-高考感悟考点归纳考点一

人称代词、物主代词和反身代词-5-高考感悟考点归纳注意①形容词性物主代词通常用作定语,修饰名词。如:herfather她的父亲②“of(介词)+名词性物主代词(或名词所有格)”构成双重所有格。如:afriendofmine我的一个朋友-6-高考感悟考点归纳考点二

it的用法1.指代时间、距离、自然现象等。Itishalfpasttwonow.(指时间)Itis6milestothenearesthospital.(指距离)Itisverycoldintheroom.(指温度)2.指代前面所提到过的事物、群体、想法、性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。—Who’sthatatthedoor?—Itisthemilkman.(it指代性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人)—I’vebrokenaplate.—It(=Breakingtheplate)doesn’tmatter.(it指前面所提到过的事情)-7-高考感悟考点归纳3.it可以用作形式主语或形式宾语,而把从句、动词-ing形式和不定式充当的真正的主语或宾语放在后面。Itissaidthatallofthemhavegonetothecinema.Nomatterwhereheis,hemakesitaruletogooutforawalkbeforebreakfast.4.enjoy,like,love,dislike,hate,don’tmind,befondof,feel

like,seeto等动词(短语)后面的宾语从句前要加it。Ihateitthatyouleavethedooropen.我讨厌你把门开着。5.用于某些固定结构。如makeit;get

it;seetoitthat;putit。HowshallIput

it?我该怎么说呢?-8-高考感悟考点归纳考点三

替代词it,one,ones,the

one,the

ones,that,those1.it特指上文所提到的同一事物,它所代替的名词常由the,this,that等修饰。one泛指上文提到的同类事物中的一个,不特指,相当于“a/an+单数名词”;ones泛指上文提到的同类事物的复数名词;theone特指前面的可数名词单数,有时可以用that来代替(尤其是后面有后置定语时);theones特指上文提到的复数名词,有时可以用those代替,尤其在有后置定语的情况下。that特指前面出现的单数名词或不可数名词,相当于“the+可数名词单数/不可数名词”;that的复数形式为those,替代可数名词复数,既可指人也可指物。-9-高考感悟考点归纳YesterdayIlostmypenandIcouldn’tfindit.SoIhadtobuyone.(it指代mypen;one替代apen)Thebooksonthedeskarebetterthanthose/the

onesunderthedesk.(those/theones替代thebooks)Nopleasurecanequalthatofacooldrinkonahotday.(that替代pleasure)-10-高考感悟考点归纳2.that和one的主要区别that既可替代可数名词单数,也可替代不可数名词,常有后置定语,一般不指人,复数形式为those;one只能替代可数名词单数,复数形式为ones。当可数名词前有形容词修饰时,只能用one,不用that。当of短语做可数名词单数的后置定语时,用that,不用one。Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthanthatinsomelargerschools.(that替代thequalityofeducation)Ifyou’rebuyingtoday’spaperfromthestand,couldyougetoneforme?(one替代apaper一份报纸)-11-高考感悟考点归纳考点四

指示代词指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词,有this,that,these,those。this,that是单数,these,those是复数。指示代词可以在句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语等。Iwantthis

book,not

thatbook.Iliketheseandhelikethose.TheweatherinShanghaiisnotsocoldasthatinBeijing.-12-高考感悟考点归纳考点五

all,both,either,neither,each和none1.both(两者都),either(两者中的任何一个),neither(两者都不)。以上这些词的使用范围为两者。JohnandMaryhavebothwontheprizes.Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey,but

neithercontainedanyusefulsuggestions.I’velivedinNewYorkandChicago,butdon’tlikeeitherofthemverymuch.2.both与复数名词连用,either与单数名词连用。Thereareflowersonbothsidesofthestreet.Thereareflowersoneithersideofthestreet.-13-高考感悟考点归纳3.all(所有的,全部的人或物),any(任何一个),none(都不)。以上词的使用范围均为三者或三者以上。Allthestudentsinmyclasslikeourteachers.AlthoughRosemaryhadsufferedfromaseriousillnessforyears,shelostnoneofherenthusiasmforlife.4.each可指两者,也可指两者以上。Theyeachhaveacar.-14-高考感悟考点归纳考点六

no,none,nobody和nothing1.no不能单独使用,相当于nota或notany,做定语修饰可数名词或不可数名词。Hehasnoworryaboutsafety.2.none既可以指人,也可以指物,侧重指三者或三者以上的人或物,可与介词of连用,用于回答howmany/much引导的疑问句。—Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom?—None.-15-高考感悟考点归纳3.nobody指人,用于回答who引导的疑问句;nothing指物,用于回答what引导的疑问句。ThemeetingwillbeheldinSeptember,but

nobodyknowsthedateforsure.—Whatareyoudoing?—Nothing.-16-高考感悟考点归纳考点七

another,other,theother和others1.another既可以单独使用,也可以用于单数名词前,泛指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个人或物”。还可以用于“another+数词+复数名词”中,表示“再,又”。Recyclingisonewaytoprotecttheenvironment;reusingisanother.Youhavetowaitforanotherthreeweeks.2.other可用作形容词,意思为“别的,其他的”,泛指“其他的(人或物)”。Youcanaskotherpeopletohelpyou.3.theother指两个人或物中的“另一个”,不能用another,此时other为代词。Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher;the

otherisadoctor.-17-高考感悟考点归纳4.theother后可接可数名词单数也可接可数名词复数,不接不可数名词。此时other为形容词。Onthe

othersideofthestreet,thereisatalltree.Heistallerthanthe

otherstudentsinhisclass.5.others是other的复数形式,泛指“另外几个;其他的”。others表示复数意义,相当于“other+复数名词”,但不能做定语;theothers相当于“theother+复数名词”,指剩下的全部。Twostudentsinourclassfailed,butallthe

otherspassedtheexam.-18-高考感悟考点归纳考点八

复合不定代词everyone/everybody意为“每个人”;someone/somebody意为“某人,有人”,其特殊含义是“有价值的人或者重要的人”;anybody意为“任何人,无论谁”;nobody意为“没有人,无人,谁也不”,还可指“无名之辈”。everything意为“每件事,所有事物”;something意为“某事/物”,其特殊含义是“大致……左右,有价值的或者重要的事物”;anything意为“任何事物”;nothing意为“没有;无关紧要的事物”。-19-高考感悟考点归纳Somebodyhasparkedhiscarrightinfrontofmine.Hewassuchafasttalkerthatnobodycouldunderstandhim.—Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchthetripwillcost?—$4,000,orsomethinglikethat.Asmilecostsnothing,butgivesmuch.常见搭配:nothingbut只不过anythingbut绝不;根本不somethingof有点儿……;在某种程度上是nothingtodowith和……没关系fornothing免费;白白地;白费;无缘无故地-20-高考感悟考点归纳考点九

部分否定与全部否定all,both,everyone,everybody,everything以及“every+名词”都表示全部肯定。none,no

one,nobody,nothing,neither,notany以及“no+名词”均表示全部否定;但当not与表示全部肯定的不定代词连用时,不管not的位置在其前还是其后,都表示部分否定。Noneofthemsmoke.Nowordscanexpressmyanger.Suchapersoncan’tbefoundeverywhere.(部分否定)Not

allthestudentshavereadthebook.(部分否定)-21-ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅠ.单句填空1.Wecanallhelpeachotherandmakeourselves(we)andthisworldabetterplace.2.Thetrafficonthemainstreetshasalongergreensignalthanthatonthesmallones.3.LarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim,but

neitherofthemwantsto,becausetheyhaveworktodo.4.Susanmade

it

cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.

5.Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whileinothers,knivesandforks.6.Don’tdoanythingthatshouldgoagainsthiswill.-22-ⅠⅡⅢⅣ7.Anaverageofjust18.75cmofrainfelllastyear,making

it

thedriestyearsinceCaliforniabecameastatein1850.

8.—WhenshallIcall,inthemorningorafternoon?—Either.I’llbeinallday.9.I’dappreciate

it

ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.

10.Toherjoy,Dellaearnedfirstthetrustofherstudentsandthenthatofhercolleagues.11.It’saneither-orsituation—wecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan’tdoboth.12.She’dlivedinLondonandManchesterbutshelikedneitherandmovedtoCambridge.-23-ⅠⅡⅢⅣ13.Atourfactorythereareafewmachinessimilartothosedescribedinthismagazine.14.Whenhetookhisglovesoff,Inoticedthateachonehadhisnamewritteninside.15.Ipreferthelargeboxtothesmallone.-24-ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅡ.单句改错1.OfallthesubjectsIlikeEnglishbest.Ihadbeenlearningthemforelevenyears.them→it2.John,mySpanishteacher,said,“Take

easy;itisjustasmallquiz.”在easy前加it3.Someofthehouseshavebathroomsbutmuchdonot.much→many4.Itwasthefirsttimehefelthehadachievedsomethingbyhim.him→himself5.SuzhouisnotfarfromShanghai,soyoucaneasilyvisitallinaday.all→both-25-ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.Mrs.Zhang,whoisournewteacher,issoconcernedaboutusthatweareallfondofhim.him→her7.Itwassuchasmallthingtohavecausedsomanytrouble.many→much8.FromthereIsawthebullkickingmyfoodbagwiththeirfeet.their→its9.ChinaisbiggerthananyotherscountryinAsia.others→other-26-ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅢ.语篇填空Emilysitsbyherdesk.Shestudiesforanexam.Actually,sheforces1.herselftostudyforthatexam,sincewhatshereallywantstodoisgooutsideandplaysoccer!HerfriendKellyisbyherwindow.Shethrowsalittlestoneatitandthencalls,“Isthere2.anybody/anyonehome?”“Yes,Iamhere!”Emilyanswers.“Thisissounfair!Iwanttobeoutsidewith3.youandnotherewiththeseboringbooklets(小册子)!”“Whateveryouaredoingwiththoseboringbooklets,youshouldcomeoutandplaywithus!”Kellycallsback.-27-ⅠⅡⅢⅣ“Ican’tdo4.that,”Emilysayssadly.“Thisexamof5.mineistomorrow,sonowIneedtostudyforit.”ShetakesthestonethatKellythrewin,andsendsitflyingoutside.Thensheclosesthewindow.Sheknowsthateverybodyelsehasstudiedalready,andnow6.allofthemareplayingoutside.“Well,”shethinkstoherself,“itismytest,andImyselfhavetostudyforit.IknowthatKellywantstohelpme,butnotthistime.Wecanhelp7.eachotherwithotherthings.”Shetakesanotherlookathertwobooklets.Shetriestoreadapageofthefirstbooklet,andthenapageofthe8.other.Bothareboring.“9.Neitherofyouisinteresting!”shetellsthemseriously.“WhatcanIdo?”shethinkstoherself.“Ireallyhaveenough!”-28-ⅠⅡⅢⅣSuddenly,agreatideacomestohermind.“Iknow!”shethinks.“I’llmakeadrawingofeverythingIread!Iliketodraw,anddrawingswillmakeitinteresting!”Shegrabsherpencilandhappilybeginstodraw.Moreandmoreisdrawnonhernotebook,andaftertwohoursshefinishesherbooklets.Sheistiredbuthapp