2023版高三一轮总复习英语北师大版（皖）第1部分选择性必修第2册UNIT 5EDUCATION

18/18课标单词背诵(先填后背)第一组1．significancen．重要性，意义2．facilitatevt.促进；使便利3．consistentadj.一贯的，一致的4．sympathyn．同情，同情心5．philosophern．哲学家6．insistvi.坚称；坚持主张7．evaluatevt.评估，评价8．exceptionallyadv.极其，非常9．severeadj.很严重的10．unbearableadj.难以忍受的；承受不住的11．troublesomeadj.引起麻烦的；令人烦恼的12．tendencyn．倾向13．superbadj.极好的，卓越的14．eyesightn．视力15．relatevi.理解；相联系16．techniquen．技巧，手法17．straightforwardadj.简单的，易懂的；诚实的，坦率的18．initiallyadv.起初19．streamn．水流20．liquidn．液体21．preciousadj.宝贵的22．graspvt.理解，领会23．painfuladj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的24．enthusiasticadj.热心的，热衷的25．vocabularyn．词汇量26．complexadj.复杂的；难以理解的27．gentlyadv.轻柔地；温和地；平缓地28．rayn．(太阳或月亮的)光线29．disappointedadj.失望的，沮丧的30．abstractadj.抽象的31．conceptn．概念；想法32．breakthroughn．突破；重大进展33．foreheadn．额，前额第二组1．vividadj.生动的，逼真的2．gainvt.获得，赢得，取得；受益3．well­roundedadj.多面的，全面的4．pursuevt.追求5．criticaladj.批评的，批判的6．coreadj.核心的7．insightn．洞察力；顿悟8．civiladj.文明的，有礼貌的；公民的9．integrityn．正直，诚实；完整10．educatevt.教育；教导，指导11．moraladj.道德(上)的12．acquisitionn．获得，习得13．contributevi.&vt.奉献，捐献14．financen．金融；财政15．economicsn．经济学16．exposevt.使接触；使体验；使暴露；揭露17．surroundingadj.四周的，附近的18．uncriticallyadv.无鉴别力地；不加批评地19．regardless(of)adv.不管；不顾20．behavevi.表现21．circumstancen．境况，状况；情况，情形22．citizenn．公民；市民23．definitionn．定义，释义24．respectivelyadv.各自地25．priorityn．优先处理的事；优先权26．stimulatevt.刺激，促使，促进27．initiativen．主动性28．autonomousadj.自主的；自治的29．brilliantadj.聪颖的，才华横溢的30．demonstratevt.展示；说明31．assessvt.评价32．obviousadj.显然的，明显的；易理解的第三组1．analysisn．分析2．rankn．等级3．royaladj.皇家的；王室的4．inefficientadj.效率低的5．worthyadj.有价值的；值得尊敬的6．churchn．教会；教堂7．universen．宇宙8．primitiveadj.原始的9．approvevt.赞成；赞许；批准10．urgevt.强烈要求；敦促11．prisonn．监狱12．abandonvt.放弃；抛弃13．respectedadj.受尊敬的，受敬重的14．wisdomn．智慧15．owevt.有……是由于；把……归功于16．shadown．阴影17．conventionaladj.守旧的；传统的18．kingdomn．王国19．civilisationn．文明20．vitaladj.极其重要的，必不可少的21．mankindn．人类22．entitlevt.名为……；使有权利23．implyvt.意味着……24．routinen．惯例，常规；例行公事25．motionn．运动26．overalladj.全部的27．timetablen．时间表，日程表；时刻表28．preoccupiedadj.全神贯注的29．facilityn．设施，设备30．philosophyn．思想体系；哲学31．restrictvt.约束，限制32．arrangevt.排列，布置[单词拼写·运用]核心单词语境运用1．promotevt.促进，增进2．analysevt.分析，剖析3．gradualadj.逐渐的，逐步的4．apparentadj.显而易见的；明白的5．objectiven．目的，目标adj.客观的用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Sheworkedhardandwaspromoted(promote)verysoon.2．Thejobinvolvesgatheringandanalysing(analyse)data.3．Wewatchedtheirshipmovinggradually(gradual)fartheraway.4．Hepaused,apparently(apparent)lostinthought.5．Populareducationisoneofourmajorobjectives(objective).派生单词语境运用1．educatevt.教育；教导，指导→educatorn．教育工作者→educationn．教育→educatedadj.有教养的，受过教育的→educationaladj.关于教育的，有教育意义的2．restrictvt.限制，限定，约束→restrictionn．限制，规定，约束3．excitevt.(使)兴奋；(使)激动→excitedadj.兴奋的，激动的→excitingadj.令人兴奋的，令人激动的→excitementn．兴奋4．expandvi.&vt.(使)扩大；增加→expansion5．judgen．法官；裁判v.判断；判决；认为；断定→judgementn．判断力；意见，评价；判决6．concludevt.&vi.断定；推断出；得出结论→conclusion7．responsibleadj.负责任的；尽责的→responsibilityn．责任8．assumev．假定，假设；认为→assumptionn．假定，假设9．benefitn．利益，好处v.有益于→beneficialadj.有利的，有帮助的用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Davidisaveryfamouseducator,whowillgiveusalectureabouthowtoeducatechildrennextweek.(educate)2．WewereexcitedattheexcitingnewsthatshegotanothergoldmedalintheTokyoOlympicGames.(excite)3．Judgingfromwhatshesaid,shehadverygoodjudgement．(judge)4．Abalanceddietisbeneficialtoourhealthbuttakingproperexercisealsobringsusmanybenefits.(benefit)5．Thetournamentisrestrictedtoplayersundertheageof23butthereisnorestrictiononthenumberofplayers.(restrict)6.Thecomputerindustryhasexpandedgreatlyoverthelastdecade，anditsexpansionhasbroughtusalotofconvenience.(expand)7．Youareamanwithresponsibility,soItrustyoutobehaveresponsiblywhileI'mout.(responsible)8．Inconclusion,theresultwillcomeoutwhentheinvestigationisconcluded.(conclude)9．Assumingthatyourassumptionisreasonable,Istilldon'tdaretotaketheriskoftryingthis.(assume)1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Huntersbringinmorethan300，000nutriatailsayear，sopartofMouton'sjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur. AA．推销 B．促进 C．提升2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Bradfordsoldthebuildingandlandtoalocaldevelopmentfirm，whichplanstobuildashoppingcomplexonthelandwherethetheaterislocated. BA．复杂的 B．综合体；建筑群 C．情结[短语理解·运用]高频短语语境运用1．adaptto适应2．beconsistentwith与……一致3．beenthusiasticabout热衷于……4．inaflash一瞬间；一刹那5．inconclusion最后6．regardlessof不管；不顾7．tostartwith首先；开始8．goagainst违背；反对9．putforward提出选用左面短语的适当形式填空。1．Thedriversetthegoodsdownanddroveawayinaflash．2．Wouldtheybeentirelyconsistentwithwhatyoujusttoldus?3．Inconclusion，moretheoreticalandexperimentalresearchmustbeconducted.4．Overtheyearsseveralsimilartheorieshavebeenputforward．5．Ourclubisopentoeveryoneregardlessofage，sexoreducationalbackground.6．ChangesarebeingmadeherewhichgoagainstmyprinciplesandIcannotagreewiththem.[句式辨识·运用]教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1．thisisbecause...句型Thiswasbecauseshecouldn'tseeorhear.这是因为他们那里的气候很恶劣。Thisisbecausetheyhavedifficultclimates.2．it作形式主语ItisnotsurprisingthatpeoplewantedtobelievetheseprimitiveideasastheyhadbeenputforwardbythegreatphilosopherAristotle(384­322BCE).很奇怪没有人知道他去哪里了。Itisstrangethatnobodyknowswherehehasgone.1．insistvi.坚称；坚持主张[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅲ]Butsheinsistsonuseatinghealthyfood.Understandinghergoodintentions，IeatallthefoodthatisprovidedbyMomwithappreciation.insistonsth.坚决主张insistondoingsth.坚持要求做某事insistthatsb.shoulddosth.坚持要求某人做某事(虚拟语气)insistthat...坚持说，坚持认为(真实语气)Hisfamilyinsistedheshouldbegivenaproperbirthdayparty.他的家人坚决要求为他举行适当的生日派对。Heinsistedthathehaddoneright.他坚决认为自己做对了。insistonarefundofthefullamount坚持要求全额退款insistonhighstandardsof...对……坚持要高标准[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Theyinsistonplaying(play)theirmusiclateatnight.②Heinsistedthathebeinnocent. be→was[链接写作]——完成句子他执意要和我们一道去帮助那些灾区的人们。Heinsiststhatheshouldgowithustohelpthepeopleindisaster­strickenareas.2．restrictionn．限制，规定，约束[高考原句·2020·江苏卷]Wuhandeclaredtemporaryoutbound(向外的)trafficrestrictions.(1)withoutrestriction毫无限制(2)restrictvt.限制；限定；束缚restrict...to...把……限制在……berestrictedto限于restrictsb./oneselftodoingsth.约束……干……Thegovernmenthasagreedtoliftrestrictionsonpressfreedom.政府已经同意撤销对新闻自由的限制。norestrictiononthenumberofpeople人数不限import/speed/travelrestrictions进口/速度/旅行限制[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Werestrictthenumberofstudentsperclassto10.②Theparkisopentothepublicwithoutrestriction(restrict).③Herestrictedtofivecigarettesaday. He后加was[链接写作]——完成句子这个游泳俱乐部对邻近地区的家庭开放，不受限制。Theswimmingclubisopentofamiliesintheneighborhoodwithoutrestriction．3．enthusiasticadj.热心的，热衷的[高考原句·2019·北京卷]Mooreisenthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated,andshe'salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.(1)beenthusiasticfor/about对……热心(2)enthusiasticallyadv.热情地enthusiasmn．热心，热情；狂热enthusiastn．热心者；爱好者Youdon'tsoundveryenthusiasticabouttheidea.你好像对这个想法不太感兴趣。beanenthusiasticgolfer非常爱好打高尔夫球beenthusiasticaboutplayinggames玩游戏心劲儿十足[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Thenewswasgreetedwithalackofenthusiasm(enthusiastic)bythoseatthemeeting.②Sheenthusiastically(enthusiastic)threwherselfintoherwork.③ShewasevenenthusiasticaboutgoingtoSpain.even后加less/more[链接写作]——完成句子学习和劳动，他都很积极。Heisenthusiasticaboutbothstudyandphysicallabour.4．exposevt.使接触；使体验；使暴露；揭露[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.(1)exposesb./sth./oneselftosth.使……面临某物/使暴露于beexposedto接触到；被暴露于(2)exposuren．面临，遭受，揭露Hedidnotwanttoexposehisfearsandinsecuritytoanyone.他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧与不安。Keepindoorsanddon'texposeyourskintothesun.待在室内，不要把皮肤暴露在阳光下。beexposedtoconsiderabledanger面临相当大的危险beexposedtomoreculture接触更多文化生活beexposedtooriginalworksandmasterpieces接触原著或阅读大师的作品[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Thereisadirectcorrelationbetweenexposure(expose)tothesunandskincancer.②Heexposedtheplantothenewspapers.③Asanurseinthewarsheexposedtomanydangers. she后加was[链接写作]——完成句子我们想受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。Wewanttobeexposedtoasmuchartandcultureaspossible.5．judgementn．判断力；意见，评价；判决(1)inone'sjudgement依某人看来，按某人的看法(2)judge＋wh­clause/wh­todo判断，断定……judgesb./sth.from/by...评判，从……来评价judgingby/from从……来看，根据……来判断(3)judgen．裁判员；评判员；法官SheshowedalackofjudgementwhenshegaveMarkthejob.她把这工作交给马克表明她缺乏判断力。judgingby/fromhisaccent根据他的口音来判断havesoundjudgement有正确的判断力[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Don'tjudgeamanbyhislooks.②Judging(judge)fromwhathesaid，hewasverydisappointed.③Hewasoneofthejudgeatthehorserace. judge→judges[链接写作]——完成句子你千万不要以貌取人。Youcanneverjudgepeoplebytheirappearance/judgeabookbyitscover.6．conclusion[课本义]n．结论[增补义]n.结束；结尾；结局[高考原句·2020·北京卷]Inconclusion，positivethinkingisapowerfulandeffectivetoolfordealingwithhardtimesandimprovingthequalityofone'slife.(1)reach/make/draw/arriveat/cometoaconclusion得出结论inconclusion最后，总之(2)concludev．结束；推断出；决定toconclude(作插入语)最后Newevidencemightleadtotheconclusionthatwearewrong.新的证据可能会得出我们错了的结论。Theconclusionofthebookwasdisappointing.这部书的结尾令人失望。drawsomeconclusionsfromourdiscussion从我们的讨论中得出一些结论attheconclusionoftheprogramme节目结束的时候[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Wecansafelydrawsomeconclusions(conclusion)fromourdiscussion.②Inconclusion，wehavedecidedtodothebusinessonyourterms.③Inconclude，Iwishyouallgoodhealthandalonglife. In→To[链接写作]——完成句子总而言之，散步是一种廉价、安全、愉快的锻炼方式，而且随时随地都可以进行。Inconclusion,walkingisacheap,safe,enjoyableandreadilyavailableformofexercise.7．worthy[课本义]adj.有价值的；值得尊敬的[增补义]adj.值得(或应得)……的表示“值得”的句型：beworth＋n.＝beworthyof＋n.beworthdoing＝beworthyeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(ofbeingdone,tobedone))It'sworthwhiledoing/todosth.Nocomposerwasconsideredworthyofthenameuntilhehadwrittenanopera.作曲家直到写出一部歌剧来才被认为是名副其实。beworthyofthename名副其实beworthyofattention值得注意[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①TheChinesecommunityiswellworthyofavisit.②Thefilmisexcellentandworthyseeing. worthy→worth[链接写作]——一句多译这篇文章值得仔细研读。①Thearticleisworthyofbeingstudiedcarefully.②Thearticleisworthytobestudiedcarefully.③Thearticleisworthstudyingcarefully.④It'sworthwhilestudying/tostudythearticlecarefully.8．owe[课本义]vt.有……是由于；把……归功于[增补义]vt.欠(钱/债/情)owesb.sth.＝owesth.tosb.欠某人某物owesuccess/one'slifeto...把成功归功于……/因……才保住性命oweittosb.todosth.(为了感谢某人)应该做……，有义务做……owingto由于；因为Shestillowesherfather￡3，000.她还欠她父亲3000英镑。oweanapologytoher应该向她道歉owesuccesstoyou把成功归功于你oweadebtofgratitudetoallmyfamily感激我的全家人[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Sheoweshersuccesstogoodluckratherthanability.②Owing(owe)tostaffshortages，therewasnorestaurantcaronthetrain.③IowetoyouthatIcangetsomuchprogress. owe后加it[链接写作]——完成句子他的成功是靠勤奋工作。Heoweshissuccesstohardwork.9．beneficialadj.有利的，有帮助的[高考原句·2020·浙江卷]KevinBalke，aresearchengineerattheTexasA&MUniversityTransportationInstitute，saysthatwhilesmartlightscanbeparticularlybeneficialforsomecities...(1)bebeneficialto...对……有益(2)benefitvt.使……受益vi.受益于n．利益，好处，优势benefitfrom/by...从……受益，得益于benefitsb./sth.对某人/某物有益forthebenefitofsb.＝forone'sbenefit为了……的好处，得益于……beofbenefitto＝bebeneficialto对……有益Usingcomputershasabeneficialeffectonchildren'slearning.使用计算机对孩子们的学习有益。Exercisingregularlyandeatingreasonablyisbeneficialtoyourhealth.定期锻炼并合理饮食对你的健康有好处。bebeneficialfromthediscussion从讨论中受益beextremelybeneficialtoyourbodyshape对于塑形非常有好处[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Thecropsbenefitedfrom/bytherain.②Itissaidyogaisofgreatbenefittohumanhealth.③Freshairandvegetablesarebeneficialforhealth. for→to[链接写作]——句型转换Agooddietbenefitshealth.→①Agooddietisbeneficialtohealth.→②Agooddietisofbenefittohealth.10．arrange[课本义]vt.排列，布置[增补义]v.筹备；安排；整理(1)arrangesth.forsb.为某人安排某事arrangetodosth.安排做某事；约定做某事arrangeforsb.todosth.安排某人做某事(2)arrangementn．安排；筹备makearrangementsfor...安排……We'vetoarrangehowtogettotheairport.我们不得不安排如何到达机场。arrangeforsomeonetotakeyouround安排人带你转转arrangetheflowersinavase把花瓶中的花插好[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Hearrangedforacartopick(pick)uphiswife.②Wemadearrangements(arrange)forthecomingfestival.③She'sarrangedhersontogoswimminglessonsnextmonth.her前加for[链接写作]——完成句子我们安排了一辆轿车到机场接我们。Wearrangedforacartocollectusfromtheairport.11．[教材原句]Thiswasbecauseshecouldn'tseeorhear.这是因为她看不见也听不见。that/thisisbecause...那/这是因为……，because后面跟原因。that/thisiswhy...那/这就是为什么……，why后面跟结果。thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……[金句推送]Theygotoworkbybikeinsteadofbybus.Thatisbecausetheythinkitisbeneficialtotheirhealth.他们骑自行车而不乘公交车去上班。那是因为他们认为骑自行车对他们的健康有益。[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①HeandIhaveworkedtogetherforacoupleofyears.That'swhyIknowhimprettywell.②Hehurthisleg.That'sbecausehefellfromatalltree.③Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasbecausehemissedthebus. because→that[链接写作]——完成句子那是因为成功的机会太小，冒险的代价太大。Thatisbecausethechancesofsuccessaretoosmallandtherisksaretoogreat.12．[教材原句]ItisnotsurprisingthatpeoplewantedtobelievetheseprimitiveideasastheyhadbeenputforwardbythegreatphilosopherAristotle(384－322BCE).人们愿意相信这些古老的观点并不惊讶，因为这些观点是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384－公元前322)提出来的。it作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。其常见形式有：(1)Itbe＋形容词(obvious，possible，strange，natural，important...)＋that从句。(2)Itbe＋名词短语(apity，afact，awonder，ashame，anhonour，nowonder...)＋that从句。(3)Itbe＋过去分词(said，thought，hoped，believed，declared，supposed，reported...)＋that从句。(4)It＋不及物动词(seem，occur，happen...)＋that从句。[金句推送](2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.不幸的是，仅仅几十年之后，探险家和定居者就摧毁了这些资源的大部分。[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Itisobviousthatnobodywillliketohavedinnerinsuchadirtyplace.②It'sashamewhichwefailedtofulfilthetaskaheadoftime.which→that[链接写作]——完成句子人们认为这是迄今为止在中国发现的最早的也是最大的造纸作坊。Itisbelievedthatitistheearliestandlargestpaper­makingworkshopsiteeverfoundinancientChina.夯基固本——基础落实Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。1．Judging(judge)fromherletters，motherseemstobefeelingalotbetter.2．Thereasonwhytheinjectionneedsrepeatingeveryyearisthattheviruschanges.3．Thewinewasexcellent，butthefoodwasdisappointing(disappoint).4．Stayinginthecountrysidewillbebeneficial(benefit)tohishealth.5．Ariseinthetemperatureofthegasresultsinitsexpansion(expand).Ⅱ．改正句中的错误。1．Thenewscausedagreatexcitementamongherfriends. 去掉a2．Themuseumisworthybeingvisited. worthy后加of3．Chrishadinsistedthatwegoseparatelytotheclub. go→went4．Aunhappyhomeenvironmentcanaffectachild'sbehaviour. A→An5．Hemadeaverypositivecontributionfortheoverallsuccessoftheproject. for→toⅢ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。1．Forthefirsttwoweekspatientsarerestrictedtothegrounds.2．Butnoteveryonewasenthusiasticaboutthenewschoolday.3．Theseunitsexposedchildrentomanyviewpointsofagivenissue.4．Heowesherwealthtohardworkandgoodluck.5．Ithappenedthatwewerealloutthatday.查缺补漏——知识拾遗Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。1．Wearefacedwithtwoapparently(apparent)contradictorystatements.2．Eachofusmusttakeresponsibility(responsible)forourownactions.3．Toourgreatdisappointment(disappoint)，itrainedeverydayofthetrip.4．Myankleisstilltoopainful(pain)towalkon.5．Heshowedgreatwisdom(wise)inwhathesaidanddid.Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。1．Manyadultscan'trelatetochildren.2．Whatdoyouhopetobeabletoconcludefromyourproject?3．Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisrightthatisofimportance.4．Atthattimepeoplebelievedtheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.5．Whatyouaresayingnowisnotconsistentwithwhatyousaidyesterday.强技提能——语言运用Ⅰ．课文语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。“Who1．questions(question)much，shalllearnmuch，andremembermuch，”saidFrancisBacon.Nowitseemsobvioushowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.However，in2．the17thcentury，peoplebelievedmoreinthechurch3．thaninfacts.Asaresult，peoplewhoproved4.scientific(science)ideaswereoftenpunished.Manypeopletended5．toignore(ignore)thefactsandwereunwillingtochallengewhattheyhadbelieved.Tilltoday，peoplestillfeelthatifsomeoneimportantand6.respected(respect)says