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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南京交通职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

The“EchoHouse”willdemonstratehowwecanlivewithhighlyefficientinsulation,solarheating,energyefficient(

)andorganicgardening.

问题1选项

A.applicators

B.applications

C.applicants

D.appliances

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析。句意:绿色环保屋显示我们是如何使用高效绝缘体、太阳能供暖、高效能源装置和有机园艺。

applicator涂药器;敷帖器。application应用;申请;应用程序。applicant申请人。appliance器具,器械,装置。

2.单选题

Ourneighborshangtheirchildren'sframeddiplomasin()placesonthewallofthesettingroom.

问题1选项

A.brilliant

B.respective

C.conspicuous

D.remarkable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项brilliant表示“绝妙的;杰出的;聪颖的;明亮的”,B选项respective表示“分别的,各自的”,C选项conspicuous表示“显著的,显而易见的”,D选项remarkable表示“非凡的;卓越的;值得注意的”。由句意可知,我们邻居把他们孩子的文凭框挂在客厅墙上显眼的地方。因此,C选项conspicuous符合语境,故本题正确答案为C选项。

3.单选题

Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat_______thespeakersstoppedfordeferments.

问题1选项

A.atlarge

B.atintervals

C.atease

D.atrandom

【答案】B

【解析】atlarge详尽的,整个的;atintervals不时,时时;atease安逸,自由自在;atrandom随机地,随意地。句意:讨论时间持续了很久,使人精疲力竭,发言者时不时停下来拖延时间。选项B符合句意。

4.案例题

Apowerfulpersonalgrowthtoolisthe30-daytrial.ThisisaconceptIborrowedfromthesharewareindustry,whereyoucan(1)atrialversionofapieceofsoftwareandtryitoutrisk-freefor30daysbeforeyou'rerequiredtobuythe(2)version.It'salsoagreatwaytodevelopnew(3),andbestofall,it'sbrain-deadsimple.Let'ssayyouwanttostartanewhabitlikeanexerciseprogramor(4)abadhabitlikesuckingoncancersticks.Weallknowthatgetting(5)andstickingwiththenewhabitforafewweeksisthehardpart.Onceyou'veovercomeinertia,it'smucheasiertokeepgoing.Yetweoftenpsycheourselvesoutofgettingstartedby(6)thinkingaboutthechangeassomething(7)beforewe'veevenbegun.Itseemstoooverwhelmingtothinkaboutmakingabigchangeand(8)withiteverydayfortherestofyourlifewhenyou'restillhabituatedtodoingthe(9).Themoreyouthinkaboutthechangeassomethingpermanent,themoreyou(10)whereyouare.Butwhatifyouthoughtaboutmakingthechangeonly(11)sayfor30days—andthenyou'refreetogobacktoyouroldhabits?Thatdoesn'tseemsohardanymore.Exercisedailyforjust30days,thenquit,maintaina(12)organizeddeskfor30days,thenslackoff.Readforanhouradayfor30days,thengobacktowatchingTV.

Couldyoudoit?Itstill(13)abitofdisciplineandcommitment,butnotnearlysomuchasmakingapermanentchange.Any(14)deprivationisonlytemporary.Youcan(15)downthedaystofreedom.Andforatleast30days,you'llgainsomebenefit.It,'snotsobaD.Youcanhandleit.It'sonlyonemonthoutofyourlife.

Directions:Chooseoneappropriatewordfromthefollowingwordbanktofillintheblanksnumberedfrom1to15inthepassagebelow,Changethewordformwherenecessary.Rememberthebankcontainssomeextrawordsthatmaynotbeusedinfillinganyoftheblanks.WritethewordsintheircorrectformswiththecorrespondingnumbersontheAnswerSheet.

Temporary

download

commitment

neatly

require

mentally

count

opposite

stay

discipline

permanent

habit

overcome

stick

adopt

full

free

perceive

quit

start

【答案】1.download

2.full

3.habits

4.quit

5.started

6.mentally

7.permanent

8.sticking

9.opposite

10.stay

11.commitment

12.neatly

13.requires

14.perceived

15.count

【解析】1.根据句意,下载某种软件,用downloadsoftware。

2.fullversion指完整版。句意:下载某个软件的免费试用版使用30天后,你会被要求购买完整版。

3.从下文的"Let'ssayyouwanttostartanewhabit."可推测,填空处也应该填入habit,且为复数。

4.quitabadhabit指改正某个坏习惯。

5.根据句意:我们都知道,开始并坚持几个星期的新习惯是困难的。先开始才能坚持。

6.根据句子结构可知这里应该用副词修饰thinking,根据上文的psych推断mentally正确。

7.根据下文"Themoreyouthinkaboutthechangeassomethingpermanent,..."可知此处也应填入permanent。

8.stickwith坚持,文中多次出现。

9.dotheopposite为固定用法,意为背道而驰。

10.根据句意:你越认为这种改变是永久性的,你就会在原地待得越久。这里指保持现状。

11.make…commitment为固定搭配,意为"做出……的承诺"。

12.maintainaneatlyorganizeddesk保持课桌的干净整洁。

13.根据句意:尽管它依然完成了一些纪律和承诺,但远没有达到永久改变的程度。

14.句意:任何感知到的剥夺都只是暂时的。

15.countdown为固定搭配,意为"倒数"。

5.案例题

Ifmovietrailers(预告片)aresupposedtocauseareaction,thepreviewfor"United93"morethansucceeds.Featuringnofamousactors,itbeginswithimagesofabeautifulmorningandpassengersboardinganairplane.Ittakesyouaminutetorealizewhatthemovie'sevenabout.That'swhenaplanehitstheWorldTradeCenter.theeffectisvisceral(震撼心灵的).Whenthetrailerplayedbefore"InsideMan"lastweekataHollywoodtheater,audiencemembersbegancallingout,"Toosoon!"InNewYorkCity,theresponsewasevenmoredramatic.TheLoewstheaterinManhattantooktherarestepofpullingthetrailerfromitsscreensafterseveralcomplaints.

"United93"isthefirstfeaturefilmtodealexplicitlywiththeeventsofSeptember11,2001,andiscertaintoigniteanemotionaldebate.Isittoosoon?Shouldthefilmhavebeenmadeatall?Moretothepoint,willanyonewanttoseeit?Other9/11projectsareonthewayasthefifthanniversaryoftheattacksapproaches,mostnotablyOliverStone's"WorldTradeCenter."butastheforerunner,"United93"willtakemostoftheheat,whetheritdeservesitornot.

TherealUnited93crashedinaPennsylvaniafieldafter40passengersandcrewfoughtbackagainsttheterrorists.Writer-directorPaulGreengrasshasgonetogreatlengthstoberespectfulinhisdepictionofwhatoccurred,proceedingwiththefilmonlyaftersecuringtheapprovalofeveryvictim'sfamily."WasIsurprisedattheagreement?Yes.Very.Usuallythere'reoneortwofamilieswho'remorereluctant,"Greengrasswritesinane-mail."IwassurprisedattheextraordinarywaytheUnited93familieshavewelcomedusintotheirlivesandsharedtheirexperienceswithus."CaroleO'Hare,afamilymember,says,"Theywereveryopenandhonestwithus,andtheymadeusapartofthiswholeproject."Universal,whichisreleasingthefilm,planstodonate10%ofitsopeningweekendgrosstotheFlight93NationalMemorialFund.Thathasn'tstoppedcriticismthatthestudioisexploitinganationaltragedy.O'Harethinksthat'sunfair."Thisstoryhastobetoldtohonorthepassengersandcrewforwhattheydid,"shesays."Butmorethanthat,itraisesawareness.Ourportsaren'tsecure.Ourbordersaren'tsecure.Ourairlinesstillaren'tsecure,andthisiswhathappenswhenyou'renotsecure.That'sthemessageIwantpeopletohear."

1.Thetrailerfor"United93"succeededin()whenitplayedinthetheatersinHollywoodandNewYorkCity.

2.Themovie"United93"issuretogiveriseto().

3.Whatdidwriter-directorPaulGreengrassobtainbeforeheproceededwiththemovie?.

4.Universal,whichisreleasing"United93",hasbeencriticizedfor().

5.CaroleO'Harethinksthatbesideshonoringthepassengersandcrewforwhattheydid,thepurposeoftellingthestoryisto()boutsecurity.

【答案】1.causingareaction

2.anemotionaldebate

3.Theapprovalofeveryvictim'sfamily

4.exploitinganationaltragedy

5.raisetheawareness

【解析】1.

根据第一段的第一句“Ifmovietrailers(预告片)aresupposedtocauseareaction,thepreviewfor"United93"morethansucceeds.”succeededin+doingsth.介词in后面接名词或动名词。

2.根据第二段的第一句“"United93"isthefirstfeaturefilmtodealexplicitlywiththeeventsofSeptember11,2001,andiscertaintoigniteanemotionaldebate.”ignite在这里相当于giveriseto,所以只需要接后面的名词即可。

3.

根据关键词“PaulGreen”定位到第三段的第二句“Writer-directorPaulGreen...aftersecuringtheapprovalofeveryvictim'sfamily.”重点理解proceed和ceed意为"在之前",secure意为"获得,得到"。

4.根据关键词“Universal”定位到第三段“Thathasn'tstoppedcriticismthatthestudioisexploitinganationaltragedy.”for在这里为介词,后面接名词或动名词。

5.根据第三段的内容"Thisstoryhastobetoldtohonorthepassengersandcrewforwhattheydid,"shesays."Butmorethanthat,itraisesawareness...”题干中的to不定式做is的表语,后面直接用动词且为原形。

6.单选题

China'sfirstsetofregulationsonhumanorgantransplant,whichprohibitsorganizationsandindividualsfromtradinghumanorgansinanyform,()onMay1st,2007.

问题1选项

A.fellback

B.fellshort

C.wentintoeffect

D.cametothepoint

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。A选项fellback表示“后退”;B选项fellshort表示“不符合标准,缺乏”;C选项wentintoeffect表示“生效”;D选项cometothepoint表示“直截了当的说,简明扼要的说”。分析句意可知,中国颁布的首部人体器官移植条例是从2007年5月1日开始()。由此可知,C选项的词义更符合句意。因此本题正确答案为C选项。

7.单选题

Hestillsuffersfromararetopicaldiseasewhichhe(),whileworkingtoAfrica.

问题1选项

A.infected

B.incurred

C.contracted

D.infested

【答案】C

【解析】本题是动词辨析题。infected“感染”;incurred“招致;蒙受”,contracted“合同;感染;收缩”;infested“大批滋生”,根据句意可知这里是指“感染了某种病”,所以此处的动词要从infected和contracted之间来选择,infect这个动作的发出者是疾病,强调疾病的感染性;而contract强调的是人感染疾病,动作的发出者是人,此处强调的是人感染疾病,故正确答案为选项C。

8.单选题

Biologicalwizardryofadifferentsortisresponsiblefortheruggednessofsea-earshells,whichunderhigh-poweredmicroscopesresemble______constructedstonewalls.

问题1选项

A.reversibly

B.elaborately

C.spontaneously

D.concurrently

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项reversibly“可逆地”;B选项elaborately“精巧地;苦心经营地”;C选项spontaneously“自发地;自然地;不由自主地”;D选项concurrently“同时地;兼营;兼任地;并发地”。句意:鲍鱼壳的坚固是由另一种生物魔法造成的,在高倍显微镜下,它就像精心建造的石墙。因此B选项正确。

9.填空题

(1)tothelaw,(2)driversmusthavealicence.

Anyonewhodriveswithoutalicenceis(3)thelaw.

【答案】1.According

2.all

3.breaking

【解析】1.固定搭配。Accordingto根据,按照。

2.语义题。句意:所有司机都必须有驾照。

3.固定搭配。breakthelaw违法。根据句意此处需要用现在进行时。

10.单选题

Inanattemptto______astrike,thetwosidesagreedtonegotiatethroughthenight.

问题1选项

A.arbitrate

B.herald

C.trigger

D.avert

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.arbitrate仲裁,公断B.herald是(某事)的前兆,预示

C.trigger引起,触发D.avert防止,避免(危险、坏事)

【答案】D

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句子意思“为了______罢工,双方同意彻夜谈判”可知,空格处表示“避免,防止”符合句子前后意思。因此,该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】

A、B项不符合句意;

C选项trigger“引起,触发”,一般和off搭配,尤指使某事突然发生,且与句子中“彻夜谈判(negotiatethroughthenight)”不相配,排除。

【句意】为了避免罢工,双方同意彻夜谈判。

11.单选题

Inthatcountry,apersonwhomarriesbeforelegalagemusthaveaparent’s()toobtainalicense.

问题1选项

A.sanction

B.warrant

C.magnate

D.affirmation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。sanction“制裁;认可;支持”;warrant“证明;担保”;magnate“巨头;资本家”;affirmation“主张;断言”,根据句意可知在未到法定婚龄的时候结婚需要有父母的担保,这符合逻辑。句意:在那个国家,在法定婚龄前结婚的人必须要在父母的……下才能拿到证。故正确答案为选项B。

12.单选题

Veryfewpeoplecouldunderstandthelecturetheprofessordeliveredbecauseitssubjectwasvery

).

问题1选项

A.obscure

B.indefinite

C.dubious

D.intriguing

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项obscure“昏暗的,朦胧的,不清楚的”;B选项indefinite“无限的,不确定的”;C选项dubious“可疑的,暧昧的”;D选项intriguing“用诡计取得,激起……的兴趣”。根据空格前面句子的主语“itssubjects它的主题”可知空格部分单词意思可能为“不清晰”,句意为:很少有人理解这位教授的演讲,因为演讲主题非常不清晰。故正确答案选A。

13.单选题

Thedoorclosedandthehelicopterimmediately______verticallyto1000feet.

问题1选项

A.floated

B.raised

C.heaved

D.ascended

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项float“漂浮”,B项raise“抬高,举起”,C项heave“举起,使起伏”,D项ascend“上升”。根据helicopter“直升机”可知,空格部分表示“上升”;只有D项符合。句意:门关上了,直升机立即垂直上升到1000英尺的高度。因此,该题选择D项正确。

14.单选题

Alltherows,alltheethicalproblemsandallthemoneyspentinpursuingthehumancodeforlifewillhavebeenwellworthitifitfulfillsevenmoreofitsmedicalpromise.

Thepotentialprizescertainlyglitter.Inthefarfuture,itmaybepossibletopreventgeneticdiseasesfrombeinginheritedbycuttingthemoutofthegenepoolonceandforall,so-calledgerm-lineengineering.Atthenearerendofthetimescale,genetictestsareallowingpeopletochoosesuitabletherapiesandlifestylestobeatdisease.Aninbetween,liefurthertantalizingprospects,thousandsofnewdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases;drugstailoredtoindividuals,sowithfarfewersideeffects,theabilitytoreplacefaultygenes,short-circuitingdiseasesatsource.

Buttheworkofturningthebasepairdataintothegoldofnewtreatmentshasalreadybegun,accordingtoDr.FrancisCollins,headoftheUSNationalHumanResearchInstitute,“Ikeepatallyofthegenesthatareresponsibleforhumandiseasesthatareidentifiedoverthecourseofayear.”Inagoodyear,intimesgoneby,theremighthavebeentwoorthree.Lastyear,therehavebeen29discovered.

Privatecompanieshavealsocombedthedatatofindgenesthatplayrolesindiabetes,asthma,psoriasisandmigraines.ThemostextremesuggesteduseforthehumangenomedataiseditingtheDNAinheritancepasseddownfromonegenerationtothenext.Suchascenarioinvolvesidentifyinganabnormalgeneandthecorrectingitinthecellswhichareusedtopassgeneticinformationtooffspring.Nosubsequentgenerationwouldthenbeaffectedbytheirancestors’genedefect.However,suchirreversibleinterventionwiththecodeforlifewillonlybeallowedaftermajorethicalreservationsandsafetyconcernsoverpossibleunexpectedresultsofthechangesareaddressed.

Thereislittledoubtthattherevelationofthehumangenomewillbenefithealthcareintheshortandlongterm.Butmanyofthetreatmentswillbeexpensiveandwilldonothingtoavoidthedamagecausedbyviralandbacterialdiseases.IthasbeensuggestedthatabravenewworldawaitsusinwhichallailmentscanbemonitoredfromadailymouthswabinsertedintoaDNAreaderinourbathroomcabinets.ButDr.IanPurvissays,itcouldbethatlike,alongtimeinthefuture,butthatisbasedontheratherarrogantviewhumanityhasthatitwillunderstandeverythingwefind…andweneverhaveinthepast.

61.Bysayingthatthe“potentialprizescertainlyglitter”,theauthormeansthat______.

62.Thechiefpurposeofgerm-lineengineeringisto______.

63.Fromthefirstsentenceofthethirdparagraphwelearnthat______.

64.Theauthorwarnsthatintryingtoalterhumangenes,specialattentionshouldbepaidto______.

65.AccordingtoDr.Purvis,humanbeings______.

问题1选项

A.pursuingthehumancodeforlifecertainlyprovokesmuchdebate

B.germ-lineengineeringfailstofulfillsomeofitsmedicalpromises

C.germ-lineengineeringwillcertainlyprovetobeafruitfulresearch

D.potentialprizesforgeneresearchhaveactuallyprovedtobesmall

问题2选项

A.developdrugssuitedtoeachindividualwithfewersideeffects

B.preventfaultygenesfrompassingontothenextgeneration

C.developdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases

D.workoutthebesttherapyfortheterminallyill

问题3选项

A.actualworkongerm-lineengineeringhasbeenunderway

B.gettingawaywithfaultygeneshasprovedtobeatoughtask

C.theprospectoffindingthenewtreatmentsseemsbright

D.researchershavebeguntocollectthehumangenomedata

问题4选项

A.ethicalproblemsinvolved

B.abnormalgenestobealtered

C.thecodeoflifetobesearchedfor

D.protectinghealthygenes

问题5选项

A.aremorearrogantthanwewereinthepast

B.willbeabletomonitorallailmentsinthenearfuture

C.understandourpastbetterthanwedoourfuture

D.maynotunderstandeverythingwediscovered

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】61.推理判断题。题干意思是“通过说‘潜在的奖励肯定会闪闪发光’,作者的意思是……”。根据题干可定位到第二段,第二段第一句Thepotentialprizescertainlyglitter.(潜在的奖励定将闪闪发光)是本段落的中心句,随后讲到了基因研究的美好前景,制造更好的药物,让人们选择治疗疾病的合适的疗法,第二段最后两句提到Aninbetween,liefurthertantalizingprospects,thousandsofnewdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases;drugstailoredtoindividuals,sowithfarfewersideeffects,theabilitytoreplacefaultygenes,short-circuitingdiseasesatsource.(在两者之间,还有更诱人的前景,数以千计的新药用于以前无法治疗的疾病;为个人量身定制的药物,副作用少得多,能够替换有缺陷的基因,从源头上消除疾病),由此我们可以推断,这种基因研究会成为一项颇有成效的研究,即胚系工程研究;故C项“胚系工程必将证明是一项卓有成效的研究”符合题意。A项“追寻人类的生命密码肯定会引发很多争论”该段没有提到争论;B项“胚系工程不能履行它的一些医疗承诺”和D项“基因研究的潜在奖金实际上被证明是很小的”都与原文不符。因此,该题选择C项正确。

62.细节事实题。题干意思是“胚系工程的主要目的是……”。根据第二段第二句Inthefarfuture,itmaybepossibletopreventgeneticdiseasesfrombeinginheritedbycuttingthemoutofthegenepoolonceandforall,so-calledgerm-lineengineering.(在遥远的将来,通过将遗传疾病一劳永逸地从基因库中剔除,也就是所谓的胚系工程,就有可能防止遗传疾病)可知,胚系工程的目的是防止遗传疾病,故B项“防止有缺陷的基因传给下一代”正确。A项“开发适合每个人的副作用更少的药物”和C项“为以前无法治愈的疾病开发药物”是通过基因工程的研究来实现的,不是主要的目的;D项“为绝症患者找出最好的治疗方法”文章未提到。因此,该题选择B项正确。

63.推理判断题。题干意思是“从第三段的第一句话我们可以知道……”。根据题干可以定位到第三段第一句,文章说Buttheworkofturningthebasepairdataintothegoldofnewtreatmentshasalreadybegun(但是将碱基对的数据转化为新疗法的核心工作已经开始了),接着又继续提到Inagoodyear,intimesgoneby,theremighthavebeentwoorthree.Lastyear,therehavebeen29discovered.(在过去的好年景里,可能会有两三个;去年,已经发现了29个)可推断,将碱基对的数据转化为新疗法的前景很好,故C项“找到新疗法的前景似乎很光明”符合题意。A项“胚系工程的实际工作正在进行中”,文章说的是已经开始一段时间了,与原文不符;B项“摆脱有缺陷的基因被证明是一项艰巨的任务”在该段没有体现;第三段提到Ikeepatallyofthegenesthatareresponsibleforhumandiseasesthatareidentifiedoverthecourseofayear.(在一年的时间里,我记录了一份与人类疾病有关的基因记录)可知研究人员已经开始收集与人类疾病有关的基因数据,D项“研究人员已经开始收集人类基因组数据”表述不够准确。因此,该题选择C项正确。

64.细节事实题。题干意思是“作者警告说,在试图改变人类基因时,应特别注意……”。第四段最后一句指出However,suchirreversibleinterventionwiththecodeforlifewillonlybeallowedaftermajorethicalreservationsandsafetyconcernsoverpossibleunexpectedresultsofthechangesareaddressed.(然而,只有在处理了重大伦理保留意见和对可能出现的意外结果的安全担忧之后,才允许对生命守则进行这种不可逆转的干预),由此可知,在试图改变人类基因时,应该特别注意人类之间的伦理和可能出现的意外结果,所以A项“涉及的道德问题”符合题意。B项“被改变的异常基因”,这属于改变人类基因的结果而非注意的地方;C项“寻找生命的密码”和D项“保护健康基因”在该段没有体现。因此,该题选择A项正确。

65.推理判断题。题干意思是“根据珀维斯博士的说法,人类……”。最后一段作者阐述人类基因组的探索将在短期和长期内造福于医疗保健,但是价格昂贵且无法避免病毒和细菌疾病造成的损害;随后引出一个abravenewworld(一个勇敢的新世界),并用珀维斯博士的话回答:itcouldbethatlike,alongtimeinthefuture,butthatisbasedontheratherarrogantviewhumanityhasthatitwillunderstandeverythingwefind…andweneverhaveinthepast.(在未来的很长一段时间可能是这样的,但这是基于人类相当傲慢的观点,即人们会理解我们发现的一切,而我们过去从来没有这种想法),可以推断,人类比我们过去要傲慢,所以A项“比我们过去更傲慢”符合题意。B项“在不久的将来将能够监测所有疾病”表述太绝对;C项“比我们更了解我们的未来”和D项“可能不理解我们发现的一切”表述与文章不符。因此,该题选择A项正确。

15.单选题

Justlikelastyear’ssmartphone,theMate10modelswill________performanceovertimebylearningwhichappsyouuseregularly.

问题1选项

A.optimize

B.substitute

C.legitimate

D.mobilize

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.optimize优化,充分利用B.substitute代替,取代

C.legitimate使合法,使正当D.mobilize组织,动员

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】空格处和下文的“performance(性能)”构成动宾逻辑,表示Mate10这款手机会怎么样自己的性能,它的方式是“通过了解你经常使用的(useregularly)应用程序”,由此可知,这样会使手机的性能更好。optimize指使某物尽可能好或以最好的方式使用某物,因此A选项optimize“优化,充分利用”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项substitute“代替,取代”指用某事物取代另一事物,不符合题干的语义逻辑;

C选项legitimate“使合法,使正当”指使某物或某人合法化,不符合题干的语义逻辑;

D选项mobilize“组织,动员”指组织一群人为达到某一特定目标而共同努力,不能和“performance(性能)”进行搭配。

【句意】就像去年的智能手机一样,Mate10将通过了解你经常使用的应用程序,随着时间的推移来优化性能。

16.单选题

Sincetheauthor'sunflatteringreferencestoherfriendswereso_______,shewassurprisedthather_______wererecognized.

问题1选项

A.laudatory...styles

B.obvious...anecdotes

C.oblique...allusions

D.criticaleulogies

【答案】C

【解析】laudatory...styles赞美的风格;obvious...anecdotes明显的轶事;oblique...allusions拐弯抹角的隐喻;critical...eulogies爱挑剔的颂词。句意:由于作者对她朋友的不恭维是如此的拐弯抹角,所以她很惊讶她的隐喻被发现了。选项C符合句意。

17.单选题

Thecourtheldtheparentsaccountablefortheminorchild’sactsofviolence.

问题1选项

A.responsiblefor

B.indifferentto

C.desperatefor

D.involvedin

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。accountablefor表示“负责,对……应负责任”;A项responsiblefor“对……负责任”,B项indifferentto“对……冷漠”,C项desperatefor“渴望……”,D项involvedin“涉及,包含”。句意:法院要求父母对未成年孩子的暴力行为负责。根据句意可知A项正确。

18.单选题

[A]Likeyoungwomen,whetherstudentsornot,wearestillinthestage[B]mostvaluedbymale-dominantcultures:wehaveourfoilpotentialasworkers,wives,andchildbearers.Thatmeanswehavenotyetexperiencedthelifeeventsthataremostradicalizingforwomen:enteringthepaid-laborforceandfindingoutthat[C]itisnotyetanequalpartnership;havinganddiscoveringwhoisresponsibleforthemandwhoisnot;and[D]aging,stillagreaterpenaltyforwomenthanformen.

问题1选项

A.Like

B.mostvalued

C.itis

D.aging

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项处,主语是we,是表明“我们”作为年轻女性的身份,而不是“像年轻女性一样”。应将like改为as。

19.翻译题

中国奉行防御性的国防政策,加强国防建设的目的是维护国家主权、安全、领土完整,保障国家和平发展。中国军队始终是维护世界和平的坚定力量,将一如既往的同各国加强军事合作、增进军事互信,参与地区和国际安全事务,在国际政治和安全领域发挥积极作用。

加强高新技术武器装备建设,加快全面建设现代后勤,培养大批高素质新型军事人才,深入开展信息化条件下军事训练,增强基于信息系统的体系作战能力。

【答案】答:

Chinapursuesanationaldefensepolicythatisdefensiveinnature.OurendeavorstostrengthennationaldefenseaimtosafeguardChina’ssovereignty,securityandterritorialintegrityandensureitspeacefuldevelopment.China’sarmedforceshavealwaysbeenastaunchforceupholdingworldpeaceandwillcontinuetoincreasecooperationandmutualtrustwiththearmedforcesofothercountries,participateinregionalandinternationalsecurityaffairs,andthusplayanactiveroleininternationalpoliticalandsecurityfields.

Weshouldstrengthenthedevelopmentofnew-andhigh-technologyweaponsandequipment,speedupthecompletedevelopmentofmodernlogistics,trainanewtypeofhigh-calibermilitarypersonnelinlargenumbers,intensivelycarryoutmilitarytrainingundercomputerizedconditions,andenhanceintegratedcombatcapabilitybasedonextensiveITapplication.

20.单选题

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore(

)tolightthanhumaneyes

问题1选项

A.glowing

B.brilliant

C.sensitive

D.gloomy

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。glowing意为“灼热的,灼炽的”;brilliant意为“明亮的”;sensitive意为“敏感的”;gloomy意为“黑暗的,阴暗的”。

句意:尽管猫在完全黑暗中看不见,但它们的眼睛比人类的眼睛对光要敏感得多。

21.单选题

Itwaslastnight(

Iseethecomet.

问题1选项

A.thetime

B.when

C.that

D.whichv

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我是昨天晚上看见的彗星。

语法题。考查强调句型:It+be+强调部分+that(who/whom)+主谓句。

22.单选题

“Veryfewpeopleliketotalkabouthowmuchmoneytheymake—especiallypeoplewhoearnalotofmoney,”wroteSalmoninhispostWhySalariesShouldn’tBeSecret,inthewakeofnewsthatrecently—departedNewYorkTimeseditorJillAbramsonhadstartedaskingquestionsaboutthepaydiscrepancybetweenherandherpredecessor.“Sincecompaniestendtoberunbypeoplewhoearnalotofmoney,theresultisacultureofsilenceandsecrecywhenitcomestopay.”

Thereareseveralsurprisingreasons.“Secrecysurroundingpayisgenerallyabadideaforanyorganizations,”Salmonwrote.“Foronething,secrecyaboutpayisbadforwomen,whoareworseataskingforraisesthanmenare.Ifmensecretlyaskforraisesandsecretlygetthen,whilewomendon’t,thenthathelpstoexplain,atleastinpart,whymenendupearningmorethanwomen,”Salmonwrote.“Secrecyaroundpayisalsoagreatwaytoallowmanagersto—consciouslyorunconsciously—playfavoriteswiththeirstaff.”

“We’veallworkedincompanies,I’msure,wheretheonlywaytogetasubstantialraiseistoconfrontmanagementwithajobofferfromsomewhereelse,”headded.“That’sclearlyadreadfulwaytorunacompany,sinceitgivesallemployeesahugeincentivetospendalotoftimelookingforworkelsewhere,evenifthey’rehappywheretheyare.”

“Ifyouworkforacompanywhereeverybodyknowswhateverybodyelseisearning,thenit’sgoingtobeveryeasytoseewhat’sgoingon.You’llseewhothestarsare,you’llseewhatkindofskillsandtalentthecompanyrewards,”hewrote.“You’llalsoseewhethermengetpaidmorethanwomen,whethermanagersaregenerallyoverpaid,andwhetherbehaviorlikethreateningtoquitisrewardedwithbigraises.What’smore,becausemanagementknowsthateverybodyelsewillseesuchthings,they’llbemuchlesslikelytodothekindofsecretdealswhicharealltoocommoninmostcompaniestoday.”

1.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

2.WhatisapossiblereasonwhymenusuallyearnmorethanwomenaccordingtoSalmon?

3.Theitalicizedphrase“playfavoriteswith”mostlikelymeansto______.

4.Anotherbigproblemsecrecyaboutpaymightcauseis______.

5.WhatdoesSalmonsuggestmighthappenifthereisnosecrecyinpay?

问题1选项

A.Salmonisthefirstwriterwhoputforwardthequestionofpaydiscrepancy.

B.JillAbramsonleftNewYorkTimeswhensheknewthatdifferenceinpay.

C.Managersseldomtalkabouttheirpaybecauseitisatraditionnotto.

D.JillAbramsondidn’tgetthesamepaywithsomeonewhodidthesamejob.

问题2选项

A.Menaremorelikelytogetthetrustoftheirboss.

B.Managerstendtothinkmenaremorecapablethanwomen.

C.Menexpectmorepressureonthebossforpayraisethanwomen.

D.Menaremorelikelytomakesecretdealwiththemanageraboutpay.

问题3选项

A.makesecretdealswith

B.treatdifferently

C.showprejudiceagainst

D.cheat

问题4选项

A.employees’lackoffullcommitment

B.lowproductivity

C.unhappyemployees

D.frequentconfrontations

问题5选项

A.Managerswillearnlessthantheydotoday.

B.Employeeswillbemoreskilledthantoday.

C.Itwillbeclearwhotheboss’sfavoriteis.

D.Thecompanywillbecomeafairerplacethantoday.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段“Sincecompaniestendtoberunbypeoplewhoearnalotofmoney,theresultisacultureofsilenceandsecrecywhenitcomestopay.(由于公司往往是由赚大钱的人经营的,其结果是在薪酬方面形成了一种沉默和保密的文化。)”,由此可知C选项“经理们很少谈论他们的薪酬,因为这是一种传统”正确。A选项“萨尔蒙是第一个提出工资差距问题的作家”文中没有说到;B选项“吉尔•艾布拉姆森知道工资的差别后离开了《纽约时报》”文章也没有明确说到这二者有因果关系;D选项“吉尔•艾布拉姆森没有和做同样工作的人得到同样的报酬”说法错误,文中只提到吉尔•艾布拉姆森质疑她和自己前辈的工资差异,并没有说到他们是否是做的同样的工作,因此C选项正确。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Foronething,secrecyaboutpayisbadforwomen,whoareworseataskingforraisesthanmenare.Ifmensecretlyaskforraisesandsecretlygetthen,whilewomendon’t,thenthathelpstoexplain,atleastinpart,whymenendupearningmorethanwomen.(一方面,工资保密对女性不利,因为女性比男性更不善于要求加薪。如果男人偷偷地要求加薪,然后偷偷地得到加薪,而女人却没有,那么这就有助于解释,至少在一定程度上,为什么男人最终会比女人挣得多。)”,由此可知D选项“男人更容易和经理就工资问题做秘密交易”正确。A选项“男人更容易得到老板的信任”;B选项“经理们倾向于认为男人比女人更有能力”以及C选项“男性施加给经理的加薪压力比女性更大”文章都没有提及,因此D选项正确。

3.语义推测题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Secrecyaroundpayisalsoagreatwaytoallowmanagersto—consciouslyorunconsciously—playfavoriteswiththeirstaff.(关于薪酬的保密也是一个很好的方法,可以让管理者有意识或无意识地与员工达成某种协议)”以及前文可知A选项“与……做秘密交易”与playfavoritewith意思更接近。B选项“区别对待”;C选项“对……有偏见”;D选项“欺骗”。因此A选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第三段“We’veallworkedincompanies,I’msure,wheretheonlywaytogetasubstantialraiseistoconfrontmanagementwithajobofferfromsomewhereelse,”headded.“That’sclearlyadreadfulwaytorunacompany,sinceitgivesallemployeesahugeincentivetospendalotoftimelookingforworkelsewhere,evenifthey’rehappywheretheyare.”(我敢肯定,我们都在一些公司工作过,要想获得大幅加薪,唯一的办法就是让管理层面对来自其他地方的工作邀请。这显然是一种可怕的管理公司的方式,因为这给了所有员工巨大的动力,让他们花大量时间在别处找工作,即使他们在那里很开心。)”,由此可知薪酬保密导致如果员工想加薪就只有不停地去别处找工作,从而导致员工的心情变差,影响工作效率,C选项“不开心的员工”符合题意。A选项“员工缺乏充分的承诺”;B选项“生产率低”以及D选项“频繁的对抗”文章都没有提及,因此C选项正确。

5.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章最后一段“You’llseewhothestarsare,you’llseewhatkindofskillsandtalentthecompanyrewards,”hewrote.“You’llalsoseewhethermengetpaidmorethanwomen,whethermanagersaregenerallyoverpaid,andwhetherbehaviorlikethreateningtoqui

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