考研考博-英语-上海建桥学院考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海建桥学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

EuropeisfollowingtheDutchleadandtakingthegreenmovementtothemanufacturersofwhitegoodsandelectronics.AspateoflegislationemergingfromBrusselsaimsultimatelytoholdmanufacturersresponsibleforthefateoftheirproductsalongafterthey’veleftstoreshelvesorcarshowrooms.They’rebeingtoldtheymustensurethatasmuchas85percentoftheirproductsberecycledorreused,andtheremainderdisposedofinenvironmentallysoundways.

Somethingsurelyneedstobedone.Inrecentdecadesconsumershavegrownusedtoanever-speedierturnoverofhardware.Acomputerbuiltinthe1960slasted10yearsonaverage;nowtheyarescrappedinjustfour.Inthepastmorethan90percentofthisdetritushadbeenburiedinlandfills.Europe'sjunkheapofelectronicgoodsnowweighs6milliontonsandwilldoublein12years.Allthiswasteistakinganobvioustollontheplanet.

EvenatthisearlystageinEurope'srecyclingexperiment,thoughthenewlawshavealreadycausedunintendedproblems.SomeEuropeancountrieshavebeencaughtwhollyunprepared.Becauseofthenewregulations,wastesitesandincinerators（焚化炉）throughoutEuropearebeinginundatedwithhardware.Recyclingfacilitiesnowcomingonlinefaceabacklogofsixmonths.Anotherproblem:replacingbadbutessentialmaterials.TheEUwillsoonbantheuseofthelead,ahazardoussubstancethat’sbeenusedfordecadestosoldercircuitboards.Electronicscompaniesarestrugglingtofindalternatives.“Thiscouldbeamuchbiggerchallengeforusthanthewaste-disposalregulation,”saysMichelleONeill,aHewlett-PackardlobbyistinBrussels.

Businessleadersalsowarnofexcessivecosts.“Societyandthepoliticianshaveanotherobjectivehere;tomovecostsontoindustry,”saysViktorSundberg,EuropeanaffairsdirectorofSwedishmanufacturerElectrolux.Inevitablysomeofthosecostswilltrickledowntotheconsumer.Andthere'sthestickyproblemofassigningresponsibility.Isonemanufacturerliableforrecyclingtheproductsofaformerrivalthathasgoneoutofbusiness?Shouldcarmakerspayfordismemberingvehiclesbuiltyearsbeforethedirectivetookeffect?Europehasn'tworkedouttheseissues.

Thenewrecyclinglawsmaynotcostasmuchasonemightthink.Manyofthenewtargetsareonlyincrementallytougherthanexistingones.Carmakers,forinstance,willinfiveyearshavetorecycleorreuse80percent,byweight,oftheiroldcars.Butinthemoreeco-consciousnorthernstates,theyalreadyvoluntarilyrecycle60percent.Thatmaybewhymanufacturershavegreetedthenewrulesmeekly.FordclaimsthatitslatestFiestahatchback,newlybuiltfortheEuropeanmarket,isalready85percentrecyclable;that'sapowerfulimagefortheneweco-friendlymanufacturing,providedEurope’smedicineworkswithouttoomanysideEffects.

1.Theauthorsays“somethingsurelyneedstobedone”because（

）.

2.Theword“inundate”(underlinedinparagraph3)probablymeans

（

）.

3.WhatdisturbselectronicscompaniesmostaccordingtoMichelleONeill?

4.Welearnfromthepassagethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.theenvironmenthasalreadybeenseriouslypolluted.

B.someproductsarereplacedatafasterratethanbefore

C.Europedoesn'thaveenoughplacestoburythediscardedgoods

D.someelectronicgoodswillnotdecayiftheyareburied

问题2选项

A.overwhelm

B.destroy

C.flood

D.pollute

问题3选项

A.Theproductionofrecyclingfacilitiesfallsfarshortofdemand.

B.Thedestructionofelectronicproductswillcostalotofmoney.

C.Thewaste-disposalprocessinvolvesadvancedtechnology.

D.Someessentialmaterialshavetobereplaced.

问题4选项

A.Manufacturersarereluctanttospendalargesumofmoneyonrecyclingtheirproducts.

B.Manufacturerswillshoulderalargerproportionofthecostsofrecycling.

C.InnovativeEuropeanlawsdon’tdefineclearlyhowtoassigntheresponsibility.

D.InnovativeEuropeanlawsarenotapplicableinmanydevelopingcountries.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Somethingsurelyneedstobedone.Inrecentdecadesconsumershavegrownusedtoanever-speedierturnoverofhardware.（一定要做点什么。近几十年来，消费者已经习惯了越来越快的硬件周转）可知B选项“某些产品的更换速度比以前快”符合题意。

2.词义题。由文章第三段中的Becauseofthenewregulations,wastesitesandincineratorsthroughoutEuropearebeinginundatedwithhardware.Recyclingfacilitiesnowcomingonlinefaceabacklogofsixmonths.（由于新的法规，整个欧洲的废物场和焚烧炉都被硬件……现在即将上线的回收设施面临六个月的积压）可知“inundate”为动词，由后面的回收设备积压时间长，可推测前面的废物长和焚烧炉应该是被硬件覆盖、堆积淹没。flood侧重于被水淹没，而overwhelm则侧重于情感方面，指被强烈的感情淹没而不知所措，因此选C。

3.细节事实题。由文章第三段中的Anotherproblem:replacingbadbutessentialmaterials...“Thiscouldbeamuchbiggerchallengeforusthanthewaste-disposalregulation,”saysMichelleONeill,aHewlett-PackardlobbyistinBrussels.（另一个问题是：更换坏的但必要的材料……“这对我们来说可能是一个比废物处理条例更大的挑战，”位于布鲁塞尔的惠普说客MichelleONeill说）可知D选项“必须更换一些基本材料”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。由文章第四段中的Andthere'sthestickyproblemofassigningresponsibility...Europehasn'tworkedouttheseissues.（还有一个棘手的问题就是分配责任……欧洲还没有解决这些问题）可知C选项“创新的欧洲法律没有明确规定如何分配责任”符合题意。

2.单选题

Thesuspectgavea（

）explanationforhispresenceatthescene,sothepolicedecidedtolookelsewherefortheperpetratorofthecrime.

问题1选项

A.unbelievable

B.credible

C.insufficient

D.apologetic

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。unbelievable“不可信的，站不住脚的”；credible“可信的，可靠的”；insufficient“不充分的，不足的”；apologetic“道歉的，辩解的”；根据句意‘由于嫌疑人为自己在现场的出现做出了（

）解释，所以警察决定转向其它地方搜寻该犯罪的作案者。’确定B选项正确。

3.单选题

Therewasalong（

）silencebetweenthemafterhisangrywords.

问题1选项

A.clumsy

B.inconvenient

C.funny

D.embarrassing

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他愤怒的话语使得他们之间出现了长时间令人尴尬的沉默。

考查形容词辨析。Clumsy笨拙的,inconvenient不便的,打扰的;funny有趣的,好笑的;embarrassing使人尴尬的，令人为难的。故D符合句意。

4.单选题

Aseriesofborderincidentswould（）leadthetwocountriestowar.

问题1选项

A.inevitably

B.consistently

C.uniformly

D.persistently

【答案】A

【解析】inevitably不可避免地,必然地；consistently一贯地,始终如一地；uniformly一致地；persistently固执地。句意：一系列的边境事件将不可避免地导致两国之间的战争。选项A符合句意。

5.写作题

Youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan250wordswiththetitle:MyViewonTerroristActivitiesinSomeCountries.DoyourcompositionneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】MyViewonTerroristActivitiesinSomeCountries6.单选题

Theringsinacrosssectionofapinetreerevealboththeageofthetreeand______.

问题1选项

A.istheclimaticchangesundergoing

B.theclimaticchangesithasundergone

C.undergoestheclimaticchanges

D.ithasundergoneclimaticchanges

【答案】B

【解析】考查句子结构。both…and是一个表示并列的连词，连接的前后成分在语法上必须一致，and之前接的是一个名词结构，做句子的宾语，所以我们也要选择一个名词结构，A项不符合语法；C项undergo是动词；D项是一个句子不符合语法；句意：松树横截面上的年轮既揭示了松树的年龄，也揭示了它所经历的气候变化。根据语法和句意，正确答案为B。

7.单选题

Finally,Emily（

）divorce,sayingthatherhusbandabusedherphysicallyandpsychologically.

问题1选项

A.filledinfor

B.filedfor

C.suedfor

D.appliedfor

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查词组辨析。A选项fillinfor“代替，占据别人位置”；B选项filefor“申请”，主要用于申请事业单位工作；C选项suefor“控告”，表示就某事提出诉讼；D选项applyfor“申请，提出申请”。由关键词“divorce离婚”，可知空格部分意思可能为“提出控告，控诉”，句意为：最后艾米丽提出离婚诉讼，称她的丈夫对她在身体上和心理上实施家庭暴力。选项C与其意思接近。

8.填空题

“TheIAEAshouldpositivelyclarifyrelevantproblemsbycooperatingwithIraninafairand_______manner”and“IranshouldbeflexibleandsincerewhencooperatingwiththeIAEA,”Xinhuareported,citingHong.(person)

【答案】impersonal

【解析】【考查点】形容词。

【解题思路】根据横线前的and，可知fair和横线处表示并列，所以横线处应为形容词，并且意思和fair对应，impersonal意思为“非指个人的，客观的”，符合语境。

【句意】新华社援引洪磊的话说：“国际原子能机构应该以公平、客观的方式与伊朗合作，积极澄清有关问题。伊朗在与国际原子能机构合作时，应该灵活、真诚。”

9.不定项选择题

YeatswasbeginningtouseavocabularyfreshlymintedfromthetreasuryofGaelicliterature,andmanyoftheshorterpoemsinTheCountessKathleenandVariousLegendsandLyrics(1892)dealwithamythologyIrelandhadwellnighforgottenandEnglandneverknown.ForArthurandhisRoundTableYeatssubstitutedtheverydifferentConchubarandhisRedBranchWarriors,andFinnandhisFenians.TheRedBranchcycleoflegendsincludedFergus,whomNesshadtrickedoutofhiskingdomsothathersonConchubarcouldruleoverUlsterinhisstead.AndinFergusandtheDruidYeatsmakeshimavidfordreamingwisdom.FerguswastheunwittingagentofthedoomoftheSonsofUsna,NaoisetheloverofDeirdreandhisbrothersArdanandAinle,whohadaccompaniedtheloverstoScotlandwhentheyfledfromConchubar’swrath,forDeirdrewasConchubar’sintendedbride.FergushadpersuadedthemtoreturnagainstthewishesofDeirdreandhadbeentrickedoutofactingastheirsafeconduct.HejoinedwithMaeve,QueenofConnaught,afterthis,inherraidonUlster,inwhichCuchulainachievedhisgreatfameasUlster’schampion.CuchulainistheAchillesoftheIrishSaga,andheappearsthroughoutYeats’splaysandpoems,aswarrior,ashusbandofEmer,asloverofEithneInguba,andofAoife,astheunknowingkillerofhisownsonandfinallyasvictimofthesea.

30.Yeatsdifferedfromotherpoetsinthatheused（）.

31.Fergus（）.

32.NaoiseearnedthewrathofConchubarbecausehe（）.

33.Cuchulainiscalledthe“AchillesoftheIrishSaga”because（）.

34.Nesswas（）.

35.Accordingtothepassage,allnamedbelowwenttoScotlandEXCEPT（）.

问题1选项

A.Greekmythology

B.theArthurianlegend

C.Gaelicallusions

D.thestoryofFergusandConchubar

E.sagamaterial

问题2选项

A.wasdeposedbyCuchulain

B.waskingofUlster

C.hadunwittinglyslainUsna

D.marriedtheQueenofConnaught

E.killedhisownson

问题3选项

A.hadfledtoScotland

B.wasthesonofUsna

C.lovedDeirdre

D.hadbefriendedFergus

E.workedwithCuchulain

问题4选项

A.Heisthegreatwarriorofthesaga

B.likeAchilles,hewasvulnerableanddiedofananklewound

C.AchillesdominatedtheOdyssey

D.heappearsinmanyofYeats’playsandpoems

E.hewasthehusbandofEmer

问题5选项

A.thebrotherofArdan

B.themotherofConchubar

C.thekillerofhisson

D.avictimofthesea

E.Fergus’friend

问题6选项

A.Fergus

B.Deirdre

C.Ainle

D.Cuchulain

E.Naoise

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

第6题:D

【解析】30.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】根据原文定位到文章的第一句YeatswasbeginningtouseavocabularyfreshlymintedfromthetreasuryofGaelicliterature,andmanyoftheshorterpoemsinTheCountessKathleenandVariousLegendsandLyrics(1892)dealwithamythologyIrelandhadwellnighforgottenandEnglandneverknown.（叶芝开始使用从盖尔文学宝库中新创造出来的词汇，《凯瑟琳伯爵夫人》和《各种传说与抒情诗》（1892）中的许多短诗讲述了一个几乎被爱尔兰人遗忘而英格兰人从未知晓的神话。）可知叶芝与其他诗人的不同之处在于他运用盖尔语典故。因此，C选项“盖尔语典故”符合题意。

31.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】根据题干定位到原文的第三句TheRedBranchcycleoflegendsincludedFergus,whomNesshadtrickedoutofhiskingdomsothathersonConchubarcouldruleoverUlsterinhisstead.（Ness将Fergus骗出他的王国，好让他的儿子Conchubar代替他统治乌尔斯特。）这说明Fergus当过乌尔斯特的国王。因此，B选项符合题意。

32.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】根据题干定位到原文的第五句，可得知Naoise惹得Conchubar发怒因为他爱Deirdre。文中说，Conchubar大怒是因为Naoise爱他的未婚妻Deirdre。因此，C选项符合题意。

33.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】根据题干定位到原文CuchulainistheAchillesoftheIrishSaga,andheappearsthroughoutYeats’splaysandpoems,aswarrior（Cuchulain是爱尔兰英雄传奇中的阿基里斯，他作为勇士经常在叶芝的戏剧和诗歌中出现），因此，A选项符合题意。

34.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】根据题干定位到原文第三句TheRedBranchcycleoflegendsincludedFergus,whomNesshadtrickedoutofhiskingdomsothathersonConchubarcouldruleoverUlsterinhisstead.（红枝的传说包括费格斯，奈斯哄骗他离开自己的王国，好让她的儿子孔丘巴尔代替他统治乌尔斯特。）因此，B选项符合题意。

35.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】根据题干定位到原文第五句FerguswastheunwittingagentofthedoomoftheSonsofUsna,NaoisetheloverofDeirdreandhisbrothersArdanandAinle,whohadaccompaniedtheloverstoScotlandwhentheyfledfromConchubar’swrath,forDeirdrewasConchubar’sintendedbride.（费格斯是乌斯纳之子的死亡的不知情的代理人，Naoise是迪尔德丽和他的兄弟阿丹和安利的情人，当他们逃离孔丘巴尔的愤怒时，他们陪着这对情人去了苏格兰，因为迪尔德丽是孔丘巴尔的未婚妻。）可得知为了逃离Conchubar，其他人都去了苏格兰。因此，D选项符合题意。

10.单选题

JuliaGillard,Australia’sprimeminister,wasforcedtodropacontroversialproposaltofunneltheprocessingofpeopleseekingasyluminhercountrythroughMalaysia.

问题1选项

A.channel

B.siphon

C.clag

D.scintillate

【答案】A

【解析】考查近义动词辨析。A选项channel“引导，开导；提供资金；输送；开辟水道，形成凹槽”；B选项siphon“用虹吸管吸出；抽取”；C选项clag“阻碍；妨碍；凝结”；D选项scintillate“发出火花；闪烁”。句意：澳大利亚总理朱莉娅•吉拉德（JuliaGillard）被迫放弃一项有争议的提案，该提案要求通过马来西亚来处理在澳大利亚寻求庇护的人。funnel“流经狭窄空间；通过漏斗将……导入；汇集，传送”，A选项与该词词意最相近，因此A选项正确。

11.单选题

Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat（）wehadtostopforrefreshments.

问题1选项

A.atlarge

B.atease

C.atrandom

D.atintervals

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。atlarge“详尽的；整个的”；atease“安逸”；atrandom“任意的”；atintervals“不时”，根据句子意思可知此处应该选一个词组来形容我们停下来提神的频率，四个选项中只有atintervals符合，故正确答案为选项D。句意：这场讨论无比冗长又使人疲累，以至于我们必须……的停下来提神。因此选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

The（）dancerwhowas70wasjusttooexhaustedtoproducegooddancemoves.

问题1选项

A.morass

B.hierarchical

C.effete

D.proselyte

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项morass“沼泽；困境；乱糟糟的一堆”；B选项hierarchical“分层的；等级体系的”；C选项effete“衰老的；疲惫的；（土地）贫瘠的”；D选项proselyte“使改宗教信仰”。句意：年龄为70岁的这位衰老的跳舞者，实在是太疲惫而无法拿出好的舞蹈动作。结合句意判断出选项C正确。

13.翻译题

Directions:PutthefollowingintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversiononANSWERSHEETII.

Itmayalsobesaidthatrational,industrious,usefulhumanbeingsaredividedintotwoclasses:first,thosewhoseworkisworkandwhosepleasureispleasure;andsecondly,thosewhoseworkandpleasureareone.Ofthesetheformerarethemajority.Theyhavetheircompensations.Thelonghoursintheofficeorthefactorybringwiththemastheirreward,notonlythemeansofsustenance,butakeenappetiteforpleasureeveninitssimplestandmostmodestforms.ButFortune’sfavouredchildrenbelongtothesecondclass.Theirlifeisanaturalharmony.Forthemtheworkinghoursareneverlongenough.Eachdayisaholiday,andordinaryholidayswhentheycomearegrudgedasenforcedinterruptionsinanabsorbingvacation.Yettobothclassestheneedofanalternativeoutlook,ofachangeofatmosphere,ofadiversionofeffort,isessential.Indeed,itmaywellbethatthosewhoseworkistheirpleasurearethosewhomostneedthemeansofbanishingitatintervalsfromtheirminds.

【答案】也可以说,那些理性的、勤勉的、有价值的人们可分为两类。一类,他们的工作就是工作,娱乐就是娱乐；而另一类,他们的工作即娱乐。大多数人属于前者,他们得到了相应的补偿。长时间在办公室或工厂里的工作,回报给他们的不仅是维持了生计,还有一种强烈的对娱乐的需求,哪怕是最简单的、最朴实的娱乐。不过,命运的宠儿则属于后者,他们的生活很自然和谐。对他们来说,工作时间永远不嫌长。每天都是假日,而当正常的假日来临时,他们总是埋怨自己所全身心投入的休假被强行中断了。不过,有些事情对两类人是同样至关重要的,那就是转换一下视角、改变一下氛围、将精力转移到别的事情上。确实,对那些工作即是娱乐的人来说,最需要隔一段时间就用某种方式把工作从脑子里面赶出去。

14.翻译题

Withalittlemoredeliberationinthechoiceoftheirpursuits,allmenwouldperhapsbecomeessentiallystudentsandobservers,forcertainlytheirnatureanddestinyareinterestingtoallalike.Inaccumulatingpropertyforourselvesorourposterity,infoundingafamilyorastate,oracquiringfameeven,wearemortal;butindealingwithtruthweareimmortal,andneedfearnochangenoraccident.TheoldestEgyptianorHinduphilosopherraisedacorneroftheveilfromthestatueofthedivinity;andstillthetremblingroberemainsraised,andIgazeuponasfreshagloryashedid,sinceitwasIinhimthatwasthensobold,anditisheinmethatnowreviewsthevision.Nodusthassettledonthatrobe;notimehaselapsedsincethatdivinitywasrevealed.Thattimewhichwereallyimprove,orwhichisimprovable,isneitherpast,present,norfuture.

【答案】当我们对人的追求多点慎重多点考虑，大约就会低头俯首当起学生和观察员来，因为人的本性和命运，想必对所有人而言都是很有意思的。为自己或后代积累财产，成家或立国，甚或是树立个人名望，在这些方面我们都是凡人，终有一死；然而在与真理打交道时，我们都超凡不朽，无须害怕变故。最古老的埃及或印度哲学家，掀起了神像的一角掩面轻纱；那颤动的纱巾迄今依然是掀起的，此刻我所看到的非凡之美，一如哲学家所看到的那般鲜活，因为当初他那么大胆时我就在他体内，而如今我再读仰望尊容时他就在我体内。那袍子如今纤尘未染；自从神明显露以来，也没有时间流逝。那个我们真正拿来用的时刻，或者说那个可以为我们所用的时刻，既非过去，亦不是现在或将来。

15.填空题

Theradioisn’tloud（1）.Couldyouturnit（2）please?

【答案】enough;up

【解析】1.语义题。句意:收音机的声音还不够大。请你调大一点，可以吗？此空应填一个后置定语,故填enough符合句意。

2.固定搭配。Turnup调大音量。

16.单选题

TheGovernment'spolicieswillcomeunderclose（

）intheweeksbeforetheelection.

问题1选项

A.appreciation

B.scrutiny

C.specification

D.apprehension

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。appreciation“欣赏，感谢”；scrutiny“审查，细看”；specification“规格，说明书”；apprehension“理解”。句意：选举前的几周，政府的政策将会接受详细审查。由Government’spolicies及close“严密的”可知B项“审查”能与之搭配。答案B

17.填空题

Thesedayspeoplegettheirnewsfrommanydifferent（1）.Somepeoplestillreadanold-styleprinteddailynewspaper,while（2）readnewspaperson（3）.Manypeopleno（4）readanewspaperatall,insteadrelying（5）theinternetforshortnewsarticles,orvisitingfavoritewebsitesthatcirculatepiecesfromotherwebsites.AnothergroupofpeoplegetmostoftheirnewsfromTVorradiobroadcasts.ManyWesternintellectualsregardthedeclineofthegreat

dailynewspapersasanegative（6）thatwillleadtoa（7）understandingofworldaffairs.Theyarealarmedbythegrowingnumberofpeoplewholargely

（8）

theoutsideworld,focusingontheirownsocietyorsmallpersonalsphere.

句意:

现在人们可以通过多种出处获取新闻。一些人仍然阅读老式的纸质日报，而另一些人则在网上看报纸。许多人不再在网上看报纸，相反只是依赖网络去关注短消息，或浏览自己喜欢的网站。还有一群人是通过电视或收音机获取大部分消息。许多西方知识分子把伟大的日报的衰落视为一种负面的现象，它将导致人们对世界事务了解的匮乏。他们惊讶地发现，越来越多的人只会把注意力放在自我世界之中，关心自己的事，而忽视外面的世界。

【答案】1.sources

2.others

3.internet

4.longer

5.on

6.phenomenon

7.poor

8.ignore

【解析】1.逻辑衔接。由关键词“news新闻”知这里指代“从不同的出处或消息来源获取新闻”，故这里填sources“出处；消息来源”。

2.固定搭配。some...others—些，另一些。

3.逻辑衔接。文中提到一些人读纸质报纸，那另一些人很自然就读网上的报纸。

4.固定搭配。Nolonger...atall不再

5.固定搭配。relyon依靠

6.语义题。句意:许多知识分子把伟大的日报的衰落视为一种负面的现象。

7.语义题。句意:阅读报纸的人数下降，人们对世界事务的了解变得匮乏。

8.语义题。句意:人们把注意力放在个人世界里，也就会无视外面的世界。

18.单选题

We’dliketo（）atableforfivefordinnerthisevening.

问题1选项

A.preserve

B.reserve

C.conserve

D.deserve

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项preserve“保存，保护”，有两种含义。第一种含义有保持某种状态、质量、权利的意思，例如：Shebelievedit'sthemostimportantthingtopreserveherreputation.（她认为维护自己的名声是最重要的事情。），第二种含义有保留且维护以不被破坏或者维持现状的意思，常常用作被动语态，例如：Theancientvasewaspreservedwellbythearchaeologists.（这个古代花瓶被考古学家保存得很好。）；B选项reserve“保留，预定（座位）”，即主动去要求“保留”，例如：I’'dliketoreservearoomtonight.（我想预定一个今晚的房间。），reserve还常用作被动语态，表示为了留给后面的人用而“保留，保存”，例如：Therefreshmentsarereservedfortheguests.（这些点心是留给客人的。），reserve还能表示“拥有，保留，保持”权利和意见的意思，例如很多出版物上都会标有“Allrightsreserved”，意思是“版权所有”；C选项conserve“保存，保护”，有两种含义，第一种含义含有为了节约而保护、保存的意思，例如：Youcansetthetemperatureto26degreescentigradeinordertoconserveenergy.（你可以把温度设置成26摄氏度以节约资源。），第二种含有为了让某事物（一般指自然资源）不被改变或者不被破坏而保护、保存的意思，例如：Governmentshouldenforcelawstoconservewildlifeanimalsinthisarea.（政府应该实施法律保护这个地区的野生动物。）；D选项deserve“应受，值得。句意：我们要预定一张今晚的5人桌。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。

19.单选题

Webbrowsers!Interactivesoftware!There'salotofnewtechnologytalkgoingoninpublicrelationsthesedays,andit'scomingfromavarietyofsources,clients,fearfulthattheyaremissingoutonsomemysterious“nextwave”,demandsomekindofwhiz-bang（尖端）demonstrationoftechnologyfromagencies.Industrypublicationscontinuouslytoutthelatestandgreatestelectronicinnovations.Collegekidsenterthemarketplaceaimedwithcomputerliteracycompletelyalientomanyveteranpractitioners.Andinsomecases,membersofthemediademandthatinformationbepackagedtoaccommodatetheirparticulartechnologicalpreferences.

Istechnologynowthetailwaggingdog?Theanswer,unequivocally,isno.Technologyremainswhatithasalwaysbeen,atoolusedbyprofessionalstohelpthemdotheirjobs.Allofthismillenniumtalkhasproducedanunnecessarylevelofanxietyaboutthenecessityoftechnologicalinnovation一theideathatyouarelight-yearsbehindunlessyouarelight-yearsahead.Relax!Thefoundationsofgoodpublicrelationsremainthesame:anticipatingandmeetingtheneedsofclientsandthemedia,andprovidinginformedandusefulcounsel.Solidresearch,strongwritingskills,creativity,andanappreciationforthevaluesofthemediaarethebackboneoftheprofession,regardlessofhowinformationispackaged.

Evenifthespeedofinformationtransmissionisincreasing,hightechisn'tforeveryone.Allclientsdon'tneedindividualwebpagesandsummariesofchatroomactivity.Whenconsideringapplicationsofnewtechnologies,considertheaudiencesforyourclient.Aretheycomfortablewithtechnology?Dotheyhaveaccesstothedistributionsystemsyouareconsidering?Dotheyhavetheskillsandknowledgetousethesesystems?Dotheynavigatetheweb,useCD-ROMorevenownaVCR?

Considertheimageofthecompanyitself.Thedeliverysystemispartofthemessageandcontributestotheoverallimage,sothepractitionershouldconsiderhowthatsystemaffectstheclient,theproduct,andtheaudiences.

Yes,awebpagecanbeacost-efficientcommunicationtoolwhenyouconsidertheminimalmediacost.Butonceit'supandrunning,you'vegottokeepitfresh,andthatmeansacontinualallocationoftimeandspecializedresources.Inthehyper-speedmodelofcommunications,nothingisolderthaninformationthatisbothoutdatedandon-line.Andtoinformationconsumers,yourwebpagewillceasetobeasourceifitisn'tkeptcurrent.Inthelastpresidentialelection,morethanonecandidatehadproblemswiththeirpersonalwebpagesbecausewebmasterswerenotkeptuptodateonchangesincampaignstrategyandmessages.Thegapbetweenwhatthecandidatewassayingandwhatthewebpagewasshowingbecameastoryinitself.Ifyou'regoingtohaveapresenceontheInternet,youhavetobudgetforregularmaintenance.Otherwise,youareputtingasignupthatsays“toocheaptoberelevant”.

1.Therecententhusiasmfornewtechnologyispartlybroughtonby（）.

2.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftherecentnewtechnologytalkgoingoninpublicrelations?

3.The“tailwaggingdog”(Para.2)mostprobablymeans（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,theroleofnewtechnologyinpublicrelations（）.

5.Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthatawebpage（）.

问题1选项

A.electronicinnovations

B.thedevelopmentofnewinteractivesoftware

C.consumers'fearofbeingleftbehindthetide

D.thepopularizationoftheWeb

问题2选项

A.Itindicatesasuddenrealizationofanoncomingradicalchangeinpublicrelations.

B.Itremindsusofthefactthattechnologyremainswhatithasalwaysbeen.

C.Itissuperficialanddoesnotmeanthatweareusheringinanewage.

D.Itisasuresignthatwearemissingoutonsomemysterious“nextwave”.

问题3选项

A.theoverwhelminglypredominantthing

B.thedogthattucksitstailbetweenitslegs

C.thethingtobetamedurgently

D.theproblemtobetackledatonce

问题4选项

A.can'tbetooemphasizedintoday'sworld

B.isunnecessarilyexaggerated

C.isnotfullyrecognizedyet

D.ismoreimportanttothecompanythantotheclient

问题5选项

A.canusuallyprovidetheviewerswiththelatestinformation

B.isnotagoodideaunlessitsinformationisupdatedconstantly

C.maytakemoremoneytobesetupandkeptrunningthanimagined

D.canfindextensiveapplicationsinpresidentialelections

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段“Industrypublicationscontinuouslytoutthelatestandgreatestelectronicinnovations.”行业出版商不断吹捧最新的和最伟大的电子创新。所以，人们对新技术的热情，有一部分是来源于电子创新。选项A正确。

2.根据第二段第二句“Theanswer,unequivocally,isno.Technologyremainswhatithasalwaysbeen,atoolusedbyprofessionalstohelpthemdotheirjobs.”技术一直是专业人士用来帮助他们工作的工具。选项B符合原文。

3.根据第二段的内容可知，技术一直是专业人士用来帮助他们工作的工具。建立良好公共关系的基础与过去一样，依旧是：预测和满足客户和媒体的需求,并提供有用的信息和建议。也就是说新技术并不是公共关系中起关键作用的主流事物。所以“tailwaggingdog”指具有压倒性优势的事物，选项A正确。

4.根据第二段的第五句“Thefoundationsofgoodpublicrelationsremainthesame:anticipatingandmeetingtheneedsofclientsandthemedia,andprovidinginformedandusefulcounsel.”建立良好公共关系的基础与过去一样，依旧是：预测和满足客户和媒体的需求,并提供有用的信息和建议。所以说没必要夸大新技术在公共关系中的作用。选项B符合原文。

5.根据最后一段的内容可知，网页一旦启用，就需要一直的保持新鲜感，也就是说，信息需要不断的更新。选项B符合原文。

20.单选题

Weliveinanincreasinglydeodorizedworld.Inrecentyears,lawshavebeenpassedprohibiting“offensive”bodyodorinpublicspacessuchaslibraries,aswellaspoliciesthatbanthewearingofscentedproductsorperfumestowork.Someofficeemployeesarenotevenallowedtobring“smelly”foodtowork.

Asuddenspateofscentedtechnologiespromisestoreversethetrendbysimulatingscentsforconsumers.Althoughscentedtechnologieshavebeenderidedasgimmicks,failinginboththesmellandtechnologycategories,they’reproofthatsomethingisliterallyintheairanditmightevensmelllikerosesemanatingfromawristwatchtotellyouthatit’s3o’clock.

MoresophisticatedandambitiousistheoPhone(“o”for“olfactory”).DevelopedbyHarvardengineeringprofessorDavidEdwards,alongwithhisstudentsRachelFieldandAmyYinandahandfulofdesignersandartistsatLeLaboratoirethinktankinParis,theoPhone,initsrealizedstate,willallowuserstosendthescentequivalentofsentencesandparagraphs,thankstooChipsthatcanproducehundredsandeventually,thousandsofodorsignals.Thesequencingcouldcreateanewlanguageofthenose.TheoPhonewillbecommerciallyavailableinthefuture.

Scentedtechnologieshavetheirdetractors.Anti-techfolksseethesetechnologiesaspartofanongoingefforttoalienateusfromenjoyinganunmediatedrelationtoreality.(Stopandsmelltherosesonarosebush,theywouldsay,notthesimulated,rose-scentpuffingfromyourphone.)Andthentherearethetechpuristswhoseemtomeasurethedevicesonlyintermsoftheirconventionalutility.Describinganearlyscentedtechnologythatlostfundingthe2001Digiscents’iSmell,whichwassupposedtoconnecttoyourPC’sUSBporttoprovideanolfactorydimensiontotheInternetexperience,awriterforCnameditoneofthe50worstfailsintechhistory,claiming,“Wecan’tseewhyanyonewouldneedoneofthesefatalflaws:Ridiculousconcept.”

Butperhapsratherthanseeingattemptsaddingscenttotechnologyasasignofourseparationfromreality,orcomplainingthattheydon’tfulfillanurgentneed,weshouldseetheseeffortsasarapprochementbetweentechnologyandsmell,andatriumphforourolfactorysensethatsomewouldrepress.Freeyournoseandyourmindwillfollow.

46.Whichofthefollowinghasgotlegislativeattentionaccordingtothepassage?

47.Accordingtothepassage,scentedtechnology______.

48.Accordingtothepassage,thenoveltyofoPhoneisthat______.

49.Accordingtothepassage,someopposedtothescentedtechnologiesfortheythink______.

50.Accordingtothepassage,whatwouldbetheattitudeofthewritertoscentedtechnologies?

问题1选项

A.Smellyfood

B.Scentedproducts

C.Offensivebodyodor

D.Peoplewearingperfumes

问题2选项

A.hasnotbeenofficiallycategorized

B.hasdonesomethingintheair

C.isnotregardedasanewtechnology

D.isregardedassomethingmysterious

问题3选项

A.odorsignalswillberecorded

B.noselanguagewillbecreated

C.engineeringandartareunited

D.scentequivalenceareinvented

问题4选项

A.thereisadangertolosefunding

B.peopleprefertoliveconventionally

C.rosescentmaynevercomeoutofphones

D.peoplemaylosechancetoenjoyrealitydirectly

问题5选项

A.Optimistic

B.Realistic