考研考博-英语-中国石油大学（华东）考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中国石油大学（华东）考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

IthinkKimwouldbegreatforthejob.Herworkrecordis（）.

问题1选项

A.impeccable

B.enriched

C.rudimentary

D.tarnished

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：我认为Kim可以胜任这份工作。她的工作记录是（）。

impeccable无瑕疵的，没有缺点的；enriched浓缩的，强化的；rudimentary基本的，残遗的

未发展的；tarnished生锈的，有污点的。选项A符合句意。

2.单选题

Whilefashionisthoughtofusuallyinrelationtoclothing,itisimportanttorealizethatitcoversamuchwiderdomain.Itistobefoundinmanners,thearts,literature,andphilosophy,andmayevenreachintocertainareasofscience.Infact,itmayoperateinanyfieldofgrouplife,apartfromthetechnologicalandutilitarianareaandtheareaofthesacred.Itsoperationrequiresaclasssociety,forinitsessentialcharacteritdoesnotoccureitherinahomogeneoussocietylikeaprimitivegroup,orinacaste(社会等级)society.

Fashionbehavesasamovement,andonthisbasisitisdifferentfromcustomwhich,bycomparison,isstatic.Thisisduetothefactthatfashionisbasedfundamentallyondifferentiationandemulation.Inaclasssociety,theupperclassesorso-calledsocialelitearenotabletodifferentiatethemselvesbyfixedsymbolsorbadges.Hencethemoreexternalfeaturesoftheirlifeandbehaviorarelikelytobeimitatedbyclassesimmediatelybelowthem,who,inturn,areimitatedbygroupsimmediatelybelowtheminthesocialstructure.Thisprocessgivestofashionaverticaldescent.However,theeliteclassfindsthatitisnolongerdistinguishable,byreasonoftheimitationmadebyothers,andhenceisledtoadoptnewdifferentiatingcriteria,onlytodisplacetheseastheyinturnareimitated.Itisprimarilythisfeaturethatmakesfashionintoamovementandwhichhasledonewritertoremarkthatafashion,oncelaunched,movestoitsdoom.

Asamovement,fashionshowlittleresemblancetoanyoftheothermovementswhichwehaveconsidered.Whileitoccursspontaneouslyandmovesalonginacharacteristiccycle,itinvolveslittleinthewayofcrowdbehavioranditisnotdependentuponthediscussionprocessandtheresultingpublicopinion.Itdoesnotdependuponthemechanismsofwhichwehavespoken.Theparticipantsarenotrecruitedthroughagitation.Nomoraleisbuiltupamongthem.Nordoesthefashionmovementhave,orrequired,anideology.Further,sinceitdoesnothavealeadershipimpartingconsciousdirectiontothemovement,itdoesnotbuildupasetoftactics.Peopletakepartinthefashionmovementvoluntarilyandinresponsetotheinterestingandpowerfulkindofcontrolwhichfashionimposesonthem.

1.Itisknownfromthefirstparagraphthat________.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingpeopleusuallyleadanewfashion?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?

4.Accordingtotheauthor,afashionmovement________.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatafashionmovement________.

问题1选项

A.fashionoriginatesinaclasssociety

B.fashioncanbefoundonlyinafewfieldsofgrouplife

C.fashionoperatesineverysociety

D.peopleliketokeepupwithfashioninaprimitivesociety

问题2选项

A.Philosophers.

B.Artists.

C.Thesocialelite.

D.Writers.

问题3选项

A.Fashion,asamovement,istrue.

B.Theupperclassesplayalittleroleinmakingfashionintoamovement.

C.Afashionwillnevervanishonceitislaunched.

D.Afashionisdestinedtodisappearonceitislaunched.

问题4选项

A.haslittleincommonwithothermovements

B.willeventuallydevelopintoasocialorganization

C.hasapowerfulleadershipguidingit

D.hasasetofsymbolsandvalues

问题5选项

A.functionsinthesamewayasspecificsocialmovements

B.isaformofexpressivebehavior

C.canboostthemoraleofitsparticipants

D.contributesagreatdealtothewayofcrowdbehavior

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段最后一句Itsoperationrequiresaclasssociety,forinitsessentialcharacteritdoesnotoccureitherinahomogeneoussocietylikeaprimitivegroup,orinacastesociety.（它的运作需要一个阶级社会，因为从本质上讲，它既不发生在原始群体那样的同质社会，也不发生在种姓社会。），可知A选项“时尚起源于阶级社会”正确，B选项“时尚只存在于群体生活的几个领域”和C选项“时尚存在于每个社会”错误，时尚也不会存在于原始社会，D选项“在原始社会，人们喜欢赶时髦”错误。因此A选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据第二段第四句Hencethemoreexternalfeaturesoftheirlifeandbehaviorarelikelytobeimitatedbyclassesimmediatelybelowthem,who,inturn,areimitatedbygroupsimmediatelybelowtheminthesocialstructure.（因此，他们生活和行为的更多外在特征很可能被直接低于他们的阶级所模仿，反过来，这些阶级又被社会结构中直接低于他们的群体所模仿。），这里指的是社会精英，可知社会精英引领时尚，C选项“社会精英”正确。A选项“哲学家”，B选项“艺术家”和D选项“作家”正确。因此C选项正确。

3.语义推测题。根据第二段最后一句Itisprimarilythisfeaturethatmakesfashionintoamovementandwhichhasledonewritertoremarkthatafashion,oncelaunched,movestoitsdoom.（正是这一特点使时尚成为一种运动，也正是这一特点使得一位作家评论道，一种时尚一旦推出，就注定要灭亡。），可知时尚会消亡，也就不是真实的，D选项“一种时尚一旦推出就注定要消失”正确，A选项“时尚是一种真实的运动”和C选项“一种时尚一旦推出就永远不会消失”错误。B选项“上层阶级在使时尚成为运动中发挥了一点点作用”：上层阶级是推动时尚的主要人群，不符合文章内容，故错误。因此D选项正确。

4.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句Asamovement,fashionshowlittleresemblancetoanyoftheothermovementswhichwehaveconsidered.（作为一种运动，时尚与我们考虑过的其他运动几乎没有相似之处。），所以A选项“与其他运动没有什么共同之处”正确。C选项“有一个强有力的领导引导”：根据文章倒数第二句itdoesnothavealeadershipimpartingconsciousdirectiontothemovement（没有领导为运动提供有意识的方向），可知不符合文章内容。B选项“最终会发展成一个社会组织”和D选项“有一系列符号和价值”文章没有提到。因此A选项正确。

5.推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Peopletakepartinthefashionmovementvoluntarilyandinresponsetotheinterestingandpowerfulkindofcontrolwhichfashionimposesonthem.（人们自愿参加时尚运动，是对时尚强加给他们有趣而有力控制的一种响应。），可知时尚运动是一种对时尚的回应，他们通过时尚运动这种行为表达了对时尚的态度，B选项“是一种表达行为”正确。A选项“其功能与特定的社会运动相同”：根据第三段第一句Asamovement,fashionshowlittleresemblancetoanyoftheothermovementswhichwehaveconsidered.（作为一种运动，时尚与我们考虑过的其他运动几乎没有相似之处。），可知时尚运动和其他社会运动没有相同之处。C选项“可以提高参与者的士气”：根据第三段第五句Nomoraleisbuiltupamongthem.（他们没有树立起士气。），可知时尚运动不能提高士气。D选项“对人群行为的方式有很大的贡献”文章没有提到。因此B选项正确。

3.单选题

The（

）ofausefuldictionaryrequiresdedicationoftheauthorstoanunusualdegree.

问题1选项

A.supposition

B.edition

C.compilation

D.construction

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项supposition“假定，推测”；B选项edition“版本”；C选项compilation“编译，编辑”；D选项construction“建设”。句意：编辑一本有用的词典需要作者达到不同寻常程度的献身精神。选项C符合句意。

4.单选题

Heshowednosignsofpain（

）tohisdeath.

问题1选项

A.before

B.preceding

C.prior

D.following

【答案】C

【解析】考察固定搭配。priorto“在……之前”。句意：他临死前没有表现出任何痛苦的迹象。选项C符合题意。

5.翻译题

Itisalsoclearfromhisaccountwhoisresponsibleformisrepresentingthisthreat:themediaandpoliticians.Thoughoutthiswork,hescoldsboth.Politicians,wearetold,“amplifythethreatfortheirownpoliticalgainsandmisleadthepublicintomisunderstandingterrorismandpreferappearingtoughonterrorismtoeffectivelycombatingitathome”.Hearguesthatmediareportingissignificantlyflawedandhystericalandsuggeststhatthemediaandpoliticiansseldompassupanyopportunitytomanipulateandsensationalizenewsevents.ThecombinationofthesetwofactorsisagreatinflationoftheterroristtheatintheUnitedStates,resultinginpopularhysteria.ThefocusonthethreattotheWestisunderstandableinsomeways—itisthethreattoone’sownstatethatthemediaandpoliticiansareconcernedwithandattempttomitigate.

【答案】【参考译文】

从他的描述中也可以清楚地看出，是谁歪曲了这一威胁：媒体和政客。在这篇文章中，他斥责了两者。他说，政客们为了自己的政治利益而放大威胁，误导公众对恐怖主义产生误解，比起在国内有效打击恐怖主义，他们更愿（仅仅）表现出一副强硬态度。他认为媒体报道有明显的缺陷且很滑稽，并暗示媒体和政客很少错过任何操纵和渲染新闻事件的机会。这两个因素结合在一起大大地夸大了美国的恐怖主义威胁，导致了大众的谈虎色变。对西方的威胁的关注度在某种程度上是可以理解的——媒体和政客们关注并试图减轻的是对自己国家的威胁。

6.翻译题

(1)Someauthoritiesdeclarethatpeoplemayactuallygoinsaneinordertofindinthedreamland(梦境)ofinsanity,thefeelingofimportancethathasbeendeniedthemintheharshworldofreality.TherearemorepatientssufferingfrommentaldiseasesintheUnitedStatesthanfromallotherdiseasescombined.

Whatisthecauseofinsanity?Nobodycananswersuchasweepingquestion,butweknowthatcertaindiseases,suchassyphilis(梅毒),breakdownanddestroythebraincellsandresultininsanity.Infact,aboutone-halfofallmentaldiseasescanbeattributedtosuchphysicalcausesasbrainlesions(脑病变),alcohol,toxinsandinjuries.Buttheotherhalf—andthisistheappallingpartofthestory—theotherhalfofthepeoplewhogoinsaneapparentlyhavenothingorganicallywrongwiththeirbraincells.Inpost-mortemexaminations(尸检),whentheirbraintissuesarestudiedunderthehighest-poweredmicroscopes,thesetissuesarefoundtobeapparentlyjustashealthyasyoursandmine.

Whydothesepeoplegoinsane?Iputthatquestiontotheheadphysicianofoneofourmostimportantpsychiatrichospitals.Thisdoctor,whohasreceivedthehighesthonoursandthemostcovetedawardsforhisknowledgeofthissubject,toldmefranklythathedidn’tknowwhypeoplewentinsane.Nobodyknowsforsure.Buthedidsaythatmanypeoplewhogoinsanefindininsanityafeelingofimportancethattheywereunabletoachieveintheworldofreality.(2)Ifsomepeoplearesohungryforafeelingofimportancethattheyactuallygoinsanetogetit,imaginewhatmiracleyouandIcanachievebygivingpeoplehonestappreciationthissideofinsanity.

OneofthefirstpeopleinAmericanbusinesstobepaidasalaryofoveramilliondollarsayearwasCharlesSchwab.HehadbeenpickedbyAndrewCarnegietobecomethefirstpresidentofthenewlyformedUnitedStatesSteelCompanyin1921,whenSchwabwasonlythirty-eightyearsold.WhydidAndrewCarnegiepayamilliondollarsayear,ormorethanthreethousanddollarsaday,toCharlesSchwab?Why?BecauseSchwabwasagenius?No.Becauseheknewmoreaboutthemanufactureofsteelthanotherpeople?Nonsense.

CharlesSchwabtoldmehimselfthathehadmanymenworkingforhimwhoknewmoreaboutthemanufactureofsteelthanhedid.Schwabsaidthathewaspaidthissalarylargelybecauseofhisabilitytodealwithpeople.Iaskedhimhowhedidit.Hereishissecretsetdowninhisownwords—wordsthatoughttobecastineternalbronzeandhungineveryhomeandschool,everyshopandofficeintheland—wordsthatchildrenoughttomemorizeinsteadofwastingtheirtimememorizingtheconjugationofLatinverbsortheamountoftheannualrainfallinBrazil—wordsthatwillallbuttransformyourlifeandmineifwewillonlylivethem:

“Iconsidermyabilitytoarouseenthusiasmamongmypeople,”saidSchwab,“thegreatestassetIpossess,andthewaytodevelopthebestofapersonisbyappreciationandencouragement.“Thereisnothingelsethatsokillstheambitionsofapersonascriticismsfromsuperiors.Inevercriticizeanyone.Ibelieveingivingapersonincentivetowork.SoIamanxioustopraisebutloathtofindfault.IfIlikeanything,Iamheartyinmyapprobationandlavishinmypraise.”ThatiswhatSchwabdid.

Butwhatdoaveragepeopledo?Theexactopposite.(3)Iftheydon’tlikeathing,theybawlouttheirsubordinates;iftheydolikeit,theysaynothing.Astheoldcoupletsays:“OnceIdidbadandthatIheardever/TwiceIdidgood,butthatIheardnever.”

“Inmywideassociationinlife,meetingwithmanyandgreatpeopleinvariouspartsoftheworld,”Schwabdeclared,(4)“Ihaveyettofindtheperson,howevergreatorexalted(尊贵的)hisstation,whodidnotdobetterworkandputforthgreatereffortunderaspiritofapprovalthanhewouldeverdounderaspiritofcriticism.”

【答案】【参考译文】

（1）有些权威人士宣称，人们会发疯的原因是为了在精神错乱的梦境中寻找在残酷的现实世界中得不到的那种被重视的感觉。

（2）如果有人极度渴望一种“被重视”的感觉，那么试想一下如果我们能及时给予他们这疯狂的一面以真诚的赞美，又会产生怎样的奇迹呢。

（3）如果他们不喜欢一件事，就会向下属大喊大叫；如果他们喜欢，就什么也不说。就像那句老话说的那样：“坏事传千里，好事不出门。”

（4）“我还没有找到一个人，无论他如何伟大，地位如何崇高，不是在被赞许的情形下，比在被批评的情形下，更能够成就伟大的事业。”

7.单选题

Thedoghas（）itsaffectiontoitsnewmasterinChina’sindustries.

问题1选项

A.transferred

B.transformed

C.transported

D.transmitted

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项transferredv.转移，转让，调动；B选项transformedv.转化，变换；C选项transportedv.运输，搬运；D选项transmittedv.传输，传送，遗传。根据动词宾语itsaffection可知，A项符合语义和搭配。因此，A项为正确选项。句意：小狗己经将自己的情感转移给了它的新主人。

8.单选题

______thedoorthansomebodystartedknockingonit.

问题1选项

A.Ihadclosednosooner

B.Ihadnosoonerclosed

C.NosoonerhaveIclosed

D.NosoonerIclosed

【答案】B

【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：我刚关上门，就有人开始敲门。nosooner…than是固定搭配，意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时，than后面的从句用一般过去时，基本用法为：主语+hadnosoonerdonesth.than+主语+did。因此B选项正确。

9.单选题

ThehighestmountainpassinEuropeis______.

问题1选项

A.of2,473meters

B.at2,473metershigh

C.2,473highmeters

D.2,473metershigh

【答案】D

【解析】考查语法。表示某物的长、高、宽时，英语中的表达是“名词+be动词+数量+形容词”，故D项正确。A项为beof结构，后面一般跟抽象名词，表示“某物/某人具有某种品质、性质或特点”；B项介词at使用不正确；C项meters应该紧跟在数字后面。句意：欧洲最高的山脉海拔2473米。因此，该题选择D项正确。

10.单选题

Duringtheracesthereweretwoaccidentstomotor-cyclistsincludingone（）accident.

问题1选项

A.fatal

B.killing

C.deadly

D.deathly

【答案】A

【解析】近义词辨析。fatal致命的，一般指不可避免的；killing杀害的；deadly指能致命或实际已致命的事物，也可指企图使他人致死的人；deathly死一般的。句意：在比赛中摩托车手发生了两起事故，包括一起致命事故。选项A正确。

11.翻译题

思维这一主题是心理学的一个研究领域，许多观察者在研究机器人和计算机时都考虑到了这一方面：一些由来已久的关于AI（人工智能）的忧虑与计算机能否思考密切相关。第一批巨大的能快速运算（即使往往不太可靠）并且几乎或完全不能进行创造性活动的电子计算机，不久便被称作“电脑”。接着很快便产生了对这一术语的反应：为了做到恰如其分，人们把计算机称作“高速白痴”，以保护人类的虚荣心。在这样一种氛围里，人们很少考虑计算机可以实际上具有生命的可能性：计算机竟有可能思考，这已经够糟糕的了。但并不是人人都意识到“高速白痴”这一称谓的含义是什么。人们很少提到的是：即使是人类中的白痴，也是地球上最有智慧的生命形态之一，如果早期的计算机就有那么聪明，那已经就是很了不起的事了。

【答案】Thetopicofthoughtisoneareaofpsychology,andmanyobservershaveconsideredthisaspectinconnectionwithrobotsandcomputers:someoftheoldworriesaboutAI(artificialintelligence)werecloselylinkedtothequestionofwhethercomputerscouldthink.Thefirstmassiveelectroniccomputers,capableofrapid(ifoftenunreliable)computationandlittleornocreativeactivity,weresoonnamed“electronicbrains”.Areactiontothisterminologyquicklyfollowed:Toputthemintheirplace,computerswerecalled“high-speedidiots”,anefforttoprotecthumanvanity.Insuchaclimate,thepossibilityofcomputersactuallybeingalivewasrarelyconsidered:itwasbadenoughthatcomputersmightbecapableofthought.Butnoteveryonerealizedtheimplicationsoftheexpressionthe“high-speedidiot”tag.Ithasnotbeenpointedoutoftenenoughthateventhehumanidiotisoneofthemostintelligentlifeformsontheearth.Iftheearlycomputerswereeventhatintelligent,itwasalreadyaremarkablestateofaffairs.

12.单选题

Inthatcountrythecoinsareso（

）thatonehastocarrygreatquantitiesmakeasinglepurchase.

问题1选项

A.diminished

B.debased

C.degraded

D.defaced

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。diminish削弱，减少debase贬值，降低degrade降级deface损伤外观，丑化。句意：那个国家的货币如此_____,人们买一样东西都得带许多钱。由onehastocarrygreatquantitiestomakeasinglepurchase.可知货币不值钱，货币贬值，所以答案B。

13.单选题

SinceMr.Whitediedayearago,therehasbeendiscordinthefamilyaboutthedivisionoftheestate.

问题1选项

A.distinctions

B.disagreements

C.disadvantages

D.discussions

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.distinctions区别B.disagreements分歧；争论

C.disadvantages缺点D.discussions讨论

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】分析句子可知，discord是一个名词，dis-前缀表示否定的，那么discord可能是一个贬义词，由关键信息thedivisionoftheestate（遗产分配问题）综合理解可推断，discord是指遗产分配上的分歧或不和，B项词义与之相近，故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合划线单词词义。

【句意】自从怀特先生一年前去世以来，家里在遗产分配问题上一直不和。

14.单选题

Anewwaveofmusicandartsprojectshasemerged,focusingonsomeonewhomayseemforsomeadubioussourceofinspiration.ImeldaMarcos,formerfirstladyofthePhilippines,iscurrentlybecomingthesubjectofmusical,songcyclesandshowsonaworldwidearena.

WhentheMarcosregimecollapsedin1986,andImeldaandherhusbandFerdinandwereexiledinHawaii,theycarriedwiththemallegationsofembezzlement,corruptionandhumanrightsabuses.Imeldahadspentthelasttwentyyearslivingoffaseeminglyendlesssupplyoffunds,livinganexoticandglamorouslifestyleandribbingshoulderswithpowerfulfiguresworldwide.In1972,whenthesuperstarcouple’spopularitywasfadingandtheywereatriskoflosingtheirpower,FerdinandMarcosinstatedmartial,leadingtoaneraofchaosandplunder,andwhatisdescribedbysomeasthesecondmostcorruptregimeofthetwentiethcentury.FerdinandandImeldafledin1986toescapethePeople’sPowerRevolution.Imeldaleavingbehindsome2000pairsofshoes.AfterherhusbanddiedinHawaiiduetoillhealth,ImeldastoodtrialintheUnitedStatesonbehalfofherhusband.Followingthat,thereturnedtothePhilippinestofaceseventymorecountsofcorruptionandtaxevasion.ShehasnowreturnedtocongressinthePhilippines,hermake-upandgownsasflawlessasever.

SowhatmakesImeldaMarcossuchanappealingmuse?Undoubtedly,ImeldaMarcos’sresolutecharacterwhichhaswithstoodexile,legalbattlesandthewrathofherenemiesmakesheranappealingheroine,butfilm-makerFentonBaileyattributeshericonicitytohersenseofglamourandstyle,andherroleasaculturaltrend-setter.Andlikesomanywomenwholetnothingcomebetweenthemandtheirgoals,shehasgainedacertainiconicstatus,particularlyamonghomosexuals,notunlikethatofJudyGarlandandLadyGaga.

AndnowthestoryofImeldaMarcoscanbeseenintheformatofamusical,andartisticgenrewhichisquitebefittingforthisflamboyant,entertainingfigureofbeautyandglamour.“Imelda—Anewmusical”hasplayedinLosAngelesandNewYork.Theartisticdirectorofthemusical,TimDang,realisesthatthemusicalglossesoverthedarkeraspectsoftheMarcosregime,butwantedtoportrayImeldaasapersonwithallherfaultsondisplay,leavingtheaudiencetocometoaverdict.However,despitetheglitzoftheshow,reviewsweremixed,statingthe“theserio-comicspoof...Hadavacuumatitscentre”.

ThestoryofImeldaMarcoshasalsobeenimmortalisedasasongcycle,“HereLiesLove”writtenbyDavidByrneandNormanCook,inwhichImeldacomesacrossasbothaheroandvillain.Theirreasoningwastotrytounderstandthestoryofhowpeoplecanattainpositionsofsuchpowerandgreed.TheywerealsoinspiredbyImelda’sloveofdancingandclubbing,andhowherownstyleofmusiccouldbeincorporatedintotheirown.Byrneaddsthattheirstoryisnotblackandwhite—thecouplewereverypopularatfirst,andImeldaheadedalotofpublicworksinthePhilippinesandaddedmuchtothenation’ssenseofcultureandidentity.

AttheCulturalCentreofthePhilippines,atournamed“LaVidaImelda”ledbyCarlosSedrandescribesthelifeofImeldaMarcos,thecoldwarandmartiallaw,whilealsoportrayingtheglamouroftheImeldalifestyle.Hedescribesitasaneternalstory,inwhichherextravagancecanbeseenaseitherdistastefulorinsomewaysestimable.

Thereisadangerthatthesenewartformsairbrushouttheatrocitieswhichaccompaniedtheostentationandglamour.Itwasatimewhendemocracywassuppressed,politicalenemiesdisappeared,andbillionsofdollarswhichcouldhavehelpedthepoverty-strickencountrywerespentontheMarcos’sextravagantlifestyle.However,theartistsinvolvedarekeentomakeclearthattheregimealsoresultedingreatleapsforwardinthecountry’sculture,architectureandinfrastructure.TheMarcoslegacyremainsintheformofhospitals,HeartandLungCentres,FolkArttheatresandhomesforchildrenandtheelderly,notwithstandingthattheMarcoscouplesettheirwar-ravaged,poverty-strickenlandontotheworldstage.

1.WhyareImelda’sshoesmentionedinthesecondparagraph?

2.WhataspectofImelda’scharacterisemphasizedinparagraph3?

3.WhyisImeldacomparedwithJudyGarlandandLadyGaga?

4.WhatwasitaboutImelda’sstorythatinterestedDavidByrneandNormanCook?

5.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetextassomethingImeldaMarcosdidforthePhilippines?

问题1选项

A.Toillustratehowlittleshecaredforherpersonalpossessions.

B.Toillustrateherloveoffashionandbeauty.

C.Toindicatehowquicklyshehadtofleethecountry.

D.Toillustratetheextravaganceofherlifestyle.

问题2选项

A.Herflamboyance.

B.Herkindness.

C.Herresolution.

D.Herbeauty.

问题3选项

A.Duetoherstatusasagayicon.

B.Duetoherambitionanddrive.

C.Becauseshehascreatednewfashions.

D.Becauseshehastriumphedoverlegalbattles.

问题4选项

A.Theongoingthemesofpower,greedandmusic.

B.Thefactthatthestoryhadbothaclearheroandvillain.

C.ThereasoningwhypeoplesuchasImeldabecomewhotheyare.

D.Thefactthathermusicaltastewassimilartotheirs.

问题5选项

A.Shemadehealthservicesavailabletothepeople.

B.Shegavethecountryaculturalidentity.

C.ShereducedthelevelsofpovertyforFilipinopeople.

D.Shedrewtheworld’sattentiontothecountry.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:1.细节题。由题干关键词定位到文章第二段“…allegationsofembezzlement,corruption”，……被指控挪用公款、腐败；“...livinganexoticandglamorouslifestyle”，……过着异域风情的生活；“...whatisdescribedbysomeasthesecondmostcorruptregimeofthetwentiethcentury”……被一些人描述为20世纪第二大最腐败的政权。由此可知，选项A“为了说明她对自己的个人财产是多么不在乎”，选项B“为了说明她对时尚和美丽的热爱”，选项C“为了表示她必须多快逃离这个国家”均与文章不符，因此D选项正确。

第2题:2.推理判断题。由题干关键词定位到文章第三段“...attributeshericonicitytohersenseofglamourandstyle,andherroleasaculturaltrend-setter”，…把她的代表性归功于她的魅力和时尚感，以及她作为文化潮流引领者的角色;“shehasgainedacertainiconicstatus”，她已经获得了具有一定代表性的地位。由此可知，选项B“她的善良”，选项C“她的决议”，选项D“她的美丽”均与文章不符，因此A选项正确。

第3题:3.推理判断题。由题干关键词定位到文章第三段“...attributeshericonicitytohersenseofglamourandstyle,andherroleasaculturaltrend-setter”，…把她的代表性归功于她的魅力和时尚感，以及她作为文化潮流引领者的角色。由此可知，选项A“因为她是同性恋的代表”，选项B“由于她的野心和干劲”，选项D“因为她已经在法律斗争中获胜”均与文章不符，因此C选项正确。

第4题:4.推理判断题。由题干关键词定位到文章第五段“Theirreasoningwastotrytounderstandthestoryofhowpeoplecanattainpositionsofsuchpowerandgreed.TheywerealsoinspiredbyImelda’sloveofdancingandclubbing,andhowherownstyleofmusiccouldbeincorporatedintotheirown”，他们的推理是试图去理解人们是如何获得这样的权力和贪婪的地位的。伊梅尔达对舞蹈和夜总会的热爱，以及如何将她自己的音乐风格融入到他们自己的音乐中，也启发了他们。由此可知，选项B“这个故事有一个明确的英雄和恶棍的事实”，选项C“像伊梅尔达这样的人成为他们自己的原因”，选项D“事实是她的音乐品味和他们的相似”均与文章不符，因此A选项正确。

第5题:5.细节事实题。由题干关键词定位到文章最后一段“TheMarcoslegacyremainsintheformofhospitals”，马科斯的遗产仍然以医院的形式存在。由此可知，选项A“她向人民提供了卫生服务”，选项B“她赋予这个国家一种文化身份”，选项D“她引起了全世界对这个国家的注意”均与文章相符，因此C选项符合题意。

15.单选题

Thisrefrigeratorweboughtlastweekis（）

satisfactory.

问题1选项

A.byallmeans

B.byanymeans

C.bynomeans

D.bysomemeans

【答案】C

【解析】byallmeans一定,

务必,

一般单独用,

后面不接成分；byanymeans无论如何；bynomeans—点也不；bysomemeans通过某种方法。句意：我们上周买的冰箱一点儿也不让人满意。选项C符合句意。

16.单选题

Onestrategyissimplytopersuadepeopletostaylonger,whichprovidesmoretimeforemployerstospotand（

）thebestperformers.

问题1选项

A.extinguish

B.siege

C.seduce

D.estimate

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。extinguish“熄灭；偿清”；siege“围攻”；seduce“引诱”；estimate“估计；评价”。句意：一个简单的策略是尽量挽留员工待久点，为雇主提供更长的时间来发掘和评估最优秀的员工。由moretimeforemployerstospot可知D项正确。

17.案例题

ComputerSecurity

Itisbelievedthattheproblemofcomputersecurityhaschangedoveraperiodoftimeasbusiness,throughanincreaseduseofinformationtechnology(IT),havebecomemoreandmoredependentoninformationandtheassociatedinformationsystems(IS).However,atthesametime,therehasbeenlimitedchangeintheimplantedsecurityorsafeguardstotheseinformationsystems.Infactmanyexecutivesormanagersfailtoevenidentifytherelevantrequirementforsecurityorpolicies.

A:TheInternethasbeenroughlydoublinginsizeeveryyear,andtheassociatedsecurityincidentshavebeenrunningtoparity.Evenifthepercentageofmalicioususersissmall,theincreaseinsizeoftheInternetandinthenumberofincidentsofailedsecurityissignificant.TheimportanceofthegrowthintheInternetcanbehighlightedbythefactthatinJuly199133%ofInternetuserswerefromthecommercialsectors,whereasinJuly1996thisfigurehadrisento50%.

B:In1988,the“worm”wasintroducedontheInternettoinvade,attackandreplicateitselfonthenetwork.TheresponsewastoshutdownE-mailandconnectivity.However,the“fixes”weretobedistributedviaE-mailandsothesolutionwasself-defeating.AsaresultofthiswormvirusCERT(ComputeremergencyResponseTeam)wasformed,withtheAustralianversionstaringin1992.

C:OneoftheproblemswithInternetsecurityisthefactthattheincidentsareincreasinginsophistication.Oneofthereasonsforthishasbeentheincreasingavailabilityoftoolkits.Althoughthesetoolkitsaredesignedtoassistcomputersystemsdesignerstoprotectanddeveloptheirsites,theyalsoallowrelativelyignorantintruderstocarryoutincreasinglycomplexincidentswiththeutilizationofmanyroutersanddisguisestoreachtheir“target”.AccordingtoaUSDevelopmentofDefencereport,lessthan1%ofincidentsareidentifiedbut65%ofthesearesuccessful.Anotherthingtobearinmindwithintrudersandhackersisthattheydonotrespectgeographicaloradministrativeboundaries.Ortimezones.Theymaybegeographicallydisclosedfromthepointofattackandthereforeoperationin“off-duty”hours.

D:Thethingtorememberwithsecurityisthatthesystemadministrationsmustgetitrightallthetime;theintrudermustgetitrightjustonce.Evidenceofthisiseasytofind.In1997,ateenagerhackedintoaBellAtlanticnetwork.Hisbackingcrashedthecomputerandresultedin600homes,aregionalairportandemergencyservicesbeingwithouttelephonecommunicationsforsixhours.Andwhatwasthepunishmentforthisoffence?Twoyears’probationcommunityserviceandafineof$US5,000.

E:Governmentsaregettingtoughoncybercrimes,especiallyinthewakeofSeptember11th.Thesecrimesarebeinglinkedtonationalsecurity,whichintheUSisnowofmajorconcerntogovernmentofficialsandthegeneralpublicalike.Andthegovernmenthasbeenswifttoact.Inlate2001,theUSPatriotActwasintroduced.ThisActincreasedthemaximumsentenceforbreakingintoacomputerfromfivetotenyears.TheninJuly2002,theHouseofrepresentativesapprovedtheCyberSecurityEnhancementAct.Nowifacybercrimeresultsinthedeathofanindividual,theoffendercouldfacealifesentence.Therehasbeenadditionalfall-outfromtheSeptember11thattackswiththeFBIandothergovernmentsecurityagenciesdramaticallyescalatingtheirmonitoringoftheInternet.Thishaspushedsomehackersfurtherunderground,fearfulthatwhattheyhadpreviouslybeendoingoutofboredomorchallengecouldnowbeviewedasanactofterrorism.

F:Ontheotherhand,theeventsofSeptember11thhaveledtosomeex-hackersusingtheirextensiveknowledgeandexperiencetojoinforceswithsecurityforcestoaidthefightagainstterrorism.

G:However,evenwiththeincreasedthethreatsofpunishment,computervirusesandincidentsofhackingcontinuetobewidespread.Long-timesecuritymeasureswhichhavebeenutilizedbycompaniesandindividualsare