考研考博-英语-信阳学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-信阳学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Theroadoutsidetheschoolisamenacetothechildren’ssafety.Theunderlinedpartmeans（）.

问题1选项

A.trouble

B.headache

C.barrier

D.threat

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项trouble“麻烦；烦恼”；B选项headache“头痛；麻烦”；C选项barrier“障碍物，屏障；界线”；D选项threat“威胁”。句意：学校外面的道路对孩子们的安全是个（

）。根据逻辑可知，对学生而言，校外的道路是有交通安全隐患的，即“威胁”，因此D选项正确。

2.翻译题

Scientificandtechnologicaladvancesareenablingustocomprehendthefurthestreachesofthecosmos,themostbasicconstituentsofmatter,andthemiracleoflife.

Atthesametime,today,theactions,andinaction,ofhumanbeingsimperilnotonlylifeontheplanet,buttheverylifeoftheplanet.

Globalizationismakingtheworldsmaller,fasterandricher.Still,9/11andavianfluremindusthatasmaller,fasterworldisnotnecessarilyasaferworld.

Ourworldisburstingwithknowledge—butdesperatelyinneedofwisdom.Now,whensoundbitesaregettingshorter,wheninstantmessagescrowdoutessays,andwhenindividuallivesgrowmorecrazy,collegegraduatescapableofdeepreflectionarewhatourworldneeds.

ForallthesereasonsIbelieved—andIbelieveevenmorestronglytoday—intheuniqueandirreplaceablemissionofuniversities.

【答案】科技和技术的进步正在使我们能够去了解宇宙最远的地方、物质最基本的成分和生命的奇迹。

与此同时，人类今天的作为和不作为，不仅危及地球上的生命，且还危害地球本身的寿命。

全球化正在让世界变得更小、更快速地运转和更富裕。但是，9/11事件和禽流感却提醒我们一个更小、更快速运转的世界不一定是一个更安全的世界。

我们的世界正充满知识，但其迫切需要智慧。现在，当（新闻采访的）原声摘要播出正变得更短、即时信息排挤短文和和个人生活变得更疯狂时，能够深思的大学毕业生是我们这个世界所需要的。

由于这些原因，我相信，并且我今天甚至更坚定地相信，大学有着独特的且无可取代的使命。

3.单选题

Onlywhenfacedwithoverwhelmingevidenceofbeingtreateddifferentlythanthemenwhosurroundedme（），briefly,withthenotionthatIwasdifferentingender-relatedwaysfrommymalecolleagues.

问题1选项

A.thatIdealt

B.Idealt

C.thenIdealt

D.didIdeal

【答案】D

【解析】考查语法知识。only位于句首时，引导的句子为部分倒装结构。only后紧跟的是when引导的时间状语从句，因此使用正常语序，主句则需要倒装。D选项符合题意

4.翻译题

1.Newton

Newtonusedhisgreatskillinmathematicstoformabetterunderstandingoftheworldandtheuniverse.Heusedmethodshehadlearnedasaboyinmakingthings.Heexperimented.Thenhestudiedtheresultsandusedwhathehadlearnedtodesignnewexperiments.

Newton’sworkledhimtocreateanewtechniqueinmathematicsformeasuringareascurvedinshape.Healsousedittofindhowmuchmaterialwascontainedinsolidobjects.Thetechniquehecreatedbecameknownasintegralcalculus.

Oneday,sittinginthegarden,hewatchedanapplefallfromatree.HebegantowonderifthesameforcethatpulledtheappledownalsokeptthemooncirclingtheEarth.Newtonbelieveditwas.Andhebelieveditcouldbemeasured.

Hecalledtheforcegravity.Hebegantoexamineitcarefully.

Hedecidedthatthestrengthoftheforcekeepingaplanetinorbitaroundthesundependedontwothings.Onewastheamountofmassintheplanetandthesun.Theotherwashowfaraparttheywere.

Newtonwasabletofindtheexactrelationshipbetweendistanceandgravity.Hemultipliedthemassofonespacebodybythemassoftheothers.Thenhedividedthatnumberbythesquareoftheirdistanceapart.Theresultwasthestrengthofthegravityforcethattiedthemtoeachother.

2.Hubble’sLaw

Inthelate1920s,Hubblestudiedthemovementofgalaxiesthroughspace.Hisinvestigationledtothemostimportantastronomicaldiscoveryofthe20thcentury—theexpandinguniverse.

EarlierobservationsaboutthemovementofgalaxieshadbeendonebyV.M.Silpher.HediscoveredthatgalaxiesaremovingawayfromEarthatspeedsbetweenthree-hundredkilometersasecondandone-thousandeight-hundredkilometersasecond.

HubbleunderstoodtheimportanceofSilpher’sfindings.Hedevelopedaplanformeasuringboththedistanceandspeedofasmanygalaxiesaspossible.WithhisassistantatMountWilson,MiltonHumason,Hubblemeasuredthemovementofgalaxies.ThetwomendidthisbystudyingwhatHubblecalledthe“redshit”.ItalsoisknownastheDopplereffect.

TheDopplereffectexplainschangesinthelengthoflightwavesorsoundwavesastheymovetowardyouorawayfromyou.Lightwavesfromanobjectspeedingawayfromyouwillstretchintolongerwavelengths.Theyappearred.Lightwavesfromanobjectspeedingtowardyouwillhaveshorterwavelengths.Theyappearblue.

Observationsofforty-sixgalaxiesshowedHubblethatthegalaxiesweretravelingawayfromEarth.Theobservationsalsoshowedthatspeedwaslinkeddirectlytothegalaxies’distancefromEarth.Hubblediscoveredthatthefartherawayagalaxyis,thegreateritsspeed.ThisscientificruleiscalledHubble’sLaw.

3.Dream

Menandwomeninancienttimesoftenbelievedthatspiritsvisitedthemintheirdreams.Thespiritsbroughtmessagesofhopeordanger.AncientAssyrians(亚述人),Egyptians,Greeks,and,Romansallturnedtodreamsforsupernaturalanswerstotheirquestions.Theybelieveddreamscouldshowthefuture,warnofevil,bringhappiness.Priests(僧侣)andmedicinemenstudieddreamstolearnthecauseandcureofsicknesses.Theybuilttemplesandmadesacrificessotheirgodswouldspeaktothemthroughdreams.

TheancientGreeks,specially,sawdreamsashiddenmessagesfromthegods.However,oneGreekphilosopher,Aristotle,didnot.Hebelievedthegodswouldspeakonlytoafewspecialpeople,noteveryone.Andeveryonehaddreams.Almosttwo-thousand-four-hundredyearsago,anotherGreek—Hippocrates—wroteaboutdreams.Hippocratesisconsideredthefatherofmedicine.Hippocratesbelieveddreamscouldbeusedastoolsforlearningthenatureofaperson’ssickness.Forexample,supposeapersondreamedaboutafruittreethatwouldnotgrow.Suchadream,Hippocratessaidcouldmeanthatthepersonhadadiseaseofthereproductivesystem(再生系统).

Somehistoriansthinkthedreamsofancientpeoplesledtothedevelopmentofreligion.Thisincludesthebeliefinthesurvivalofthespiritafterdeath.

【答案】1.牛顿

牛顿运用他在数学方面的高超技巧，对世界和宇宙有了更好的认识。他用小时候学到的方法做东西。他尝试。然后，他研究结果，并利用他所学到的设计新的实验。

牛顿的工作使他在数学中创造了一种测量曲面面积的新技术。他还用它来发现固体中含有多少物质。他创造的这项技术后来被称为积分学。

一天，他坐在花园里，看到一个苹果从树上掉下来。他开始想，把苹果拉下来的力量，是否也让月亮绕着地球转。牛顿认为是。他相信这是可以衡量的。

他称这种力为重力。他开始认真地调查。

他认为保持行星绕太阳轨道运行的力量取决于两个因素。一个是行星和太阳的质量。另一个是它们之间的距离。

牛顿能够找到距离和重力之间的精确关系。他用一个空间物体的质量乘以其他物体的质量。然后他把这个数字除以它们之间距离的平方。其结果是将它们相互绑在一起的重力的强度。

2.哈勃定律

在20世纪20年代末，哈勃研究了星系在太空中的运动。他的研究导致了20世纪最重要的天文发现——不断膨胀的宇宙。

关于星系运动的早期观察是由V.M.希尔弗做的。他发现星系正以每秒300公里到每秒1800公里的速度远离地球。

哈勃明白希尔弗发现的重要性。他制定了一个计划来测量尽可能多的星系的距离和速度。哈勃和他在威尔逊山的助手米尔顿•哈马森一起测量了星系的运动。这两个人是通过研究哈勃所说的“红色大便”来做到这一点的。这也被称为多普勒效应。

多普勒效应解释了光波或声波在向你移动或远离你时长度的变化。从加速远离你的物体发出的光波会延伸到更长的波长。出现红色。从一个物体向你飞来的光波的波长会更短。它们出现蓝色。

哈勃对46个星系的观察表明，这些星系正在远离地球。观测结果还表明，速度与星系离地球的距离直接相关。哈勃发现星系越远，其速度就越快。这一科学规律被称为哈勃定律。

3.梦想

古时候的男人和女人通常相信灵魂在他们的梦中拜访他们。灵魂带来了希望或危险的信息。古代亚述人、埃及人、希腊人和罗马人都从梦中寻求超自然的答案。他们相信梦可以显示未来，警告邪恶，带来幸福。牧师和药师研究梦来了解疾病的起因和治疗方法。他们建造庙宇，献祭，让他们的神通过梦境与他们对话。

尤其是古希腊人，把梦看作是来自神的隐藏信息。然而，一位希腊哲学家亚里士多德却不认为。他相信神只会对少数特殊的人说话，而不是所有人。每个人都有梦想。大约2400年前，另一位希腊人希波克拉底写过关于梦的文章。希波克拉底被认为是医学之父。希波克拉底认为梦可以被用作了解一个人疾病本质的工具。例如，假设一个人梦到一棵不长的果树。希波克拉底说，这样的梦可能意味着这个人患有生殖系统疾病。

一些历史学家认为古代人民的梦想导致了宗教的发展。这包括对人死后灵魂依然存在的信仰。

5.单选题

Manyadvantagescomewithbeingafirst-bornchild.First-bornstendtomakemoremoneythantheiryoungersiblings;theyaremorelikelytoearnadvanceddegrees,andtheyhaveslightlybetteroddsofbecomingpresidents,primeministers,andNobellaureates.Theyevenhavelongerlifeexpectancythanlater-bornsiblings.

Thereisyetanotheradvantage:First-bornchildrenshowbettersecondlanguageskillsthanlater-bornchildren.Atleastthiswasthefindingofnewresearchinlastmonth’sissueofFrontiersinPsychology.

Thestudy,ledbyDr.KarinKellerofSwitzerland’sUniversityofBasel,examinedthesecondlanguageskillsof1209immigrantchildrenbetweentheagesoftwo-and-a-halfandthreefromSwitzerland’sGerman-speakingregionofBasel.Thestudywasadministeredviamail;parentsfilledoutasurveyaskingthemtoassesstheirchild’sGermanlanguageability.Theyalsoreporteddemographicinformationsuchashowmanyotherchildrenwereinthehousehold,birthorder,numberofbooksinthehousehold,andparentallanguageskills.

Thefindingsofthestudyareasthefollowing.First,childrenwithmoresiblingsexhibitedworsesecondlanguageskillsthanchildrenwithfewersiblings.Thismakessomesense;onemightimaginethatlargerimmigrantfamiliesaremorelikelytopropagatethecommunicationstylesoftheirhomecountry.Furthermore,morechildrenmeanslesstimeforparentstodeveloptheirchildren’ssecondlanguageabilities.

Second,theresearchersfoundthatfirst-bornchildrenexhibitedaminor,butstatisticallysignificant,advantageintheirsecondlanguageabilities.

Whenexplainingthecausesforthelanguageabilitydifferences,theresearcherssuggestthatthedifferenceshavemoretodowithenvironmentalfactors.Theycitea“resourcedilutionmodel”,inwhichfirst-bornchildrenbenefitfromagreaterparentalresourceinvestment.Theresearcherswrite,“Everyadditionalsiblingmeansareductionintheshareofresourcesallocatedtoeachchild,thusreducingthefoundationsoftheirintellectualdevelopment.”

Kellerandherteamofresearchers,however,werequicktoputthisfindingincontext.Theynotethattheeffectisquitesmall;theywereonlyabletofinditbecauseofthestudy’slargesamplesize.Furthermore,exposuretoearlyeducationinstitutionsoffsettheeffectofbirthorderonsecondlanguageacquisition.This,intheresearchers’minds,isthekeytakeawayfromthisstudy.

Kellerandhercolleagueswrite,“Consideringthatfamiliesfromimmigrantbackgroundshavefewerfinancialresources,andthattheseresourcesinfluencethechildren’slevelofdevelopment.Itseemsallthemoreimportantthatimmigrantfamilieswithmanychildrenarefinanciallysupportedsothattheirchildrenareofferedthebestopportunitiespossiblefortheiracademiccareers.Giventheresultsofthisstudy,promotingtheattendanceofearlyeducationinstitutionsisanefficientwayofachievingthisgoal.”

6.Whatdoweknowaboutfirst-bornchildren?

7.WhatdoesthestudyofDr.KarinKellerfind?

8.Whatisoneofthereasonsforlanguageabilitydifferencesbetweenfirst-bornsandlater-borns?

9.Whatistheimportantinformationfromthestudyaccordingtotheresearchers?

10.Whatissuggestedtohelptheimmigrantfamilies?

问题1选项

A.Theyaremorehelpfulwithhousework.

B.Theyhaveashorterlifespan.

C.Theyseemtobestronger.

D.Theytendtobebetteroff.

问题2选项

A.Parentswithmorechildrentendtospendlesstimewiththem.

B.Immigrantfamiliespaylessattentiontotheirchildren’slanguageability.

C.Childrenwithfewersiblingshavebettersecondlanguageskills.

D.Childrenwithmoresiblingshavemorechancetopracticeasecondlanguage.

问题3选项

A.Geneticfactor.

B.Parentingmodel.

C.Resourceallocation.

D.Siblingcompetition.

问题4选项

A.Immigrantbackgroundscaninfluencechildren’ssecondlanguageability.

B.Earlyeducationcanmakeupforbirthordereffectonsecondlanguageacquisition.

C.Children’sintellectualdevelopmentisimportantforsecondlanguagelearning.

D.Thebirthordereffectonsecondlanguageacquisitiondependsonthesamplesize.

问题5选项

A.Givingfinancialsupporttothosewithfewerresources.

B.Offeringmoreopportunitiesforthedevelopmentofparents.

C.Callingoneducationinstitutionstoofferfreecourses.

D.Carryingoutmorestudiesonlanguageacquisitionabilities.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】6.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段“First-bornstendtomakemoremoneythantheiryoungersiblings;theyaremorelikelytoearnadvanceddegrees,andtheyhaveslightlybetteroddsofbecomingpresidents,primeministers,andNobellaureates.Theyevenhavelongerlifeexpectancythanlater-bornsiblings.（第一个出生的孩子往往比他们的弟弟妹妹赚更多的钱；他们更有可能获得高级学位，他们成为总统、总理和诺贝尔奖获得者的几率略高。他们甚至比后来出生的兄弟姐妹寿命更长。）”，由此可推断出先出生的孩子往往境况更好。A选项“他们在家务方面更有帮助”文章没有提到；B选项“他们的寿命较短”说法错误；C选项“他们看起来更强壮”文中也没有提到；D选项“他们往往比较富裕”正确。A、B、C选项均不符合题意，因此D选项正确。

7.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第四段“First,childrenwithmoresiblingsexhibitedworsesecondlanguageskillsthanchildrenwithfewersiblings.（首先，兄弟姐妹多的孩子比兄弟姐妹少的孩子表现出更差的第二语言能力。）”，由此可知兄弟姐妹少的孩子的第二语言能力比较强。A选项“孩子多的父母与孩子相处的时间往往更少”；B选项“移民家庭对孩子的语言能力关注较少”；C选项“兄弟姐妹较少的孩子有更好的第二语言能力”；D选项“有更多兄弟姐妹的孩子有更多的机会练习第二语言”，A、B、D选项均不符合题意，因此C选项正确。

8.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。文章第六段写到：Theycitea“resourcedilutionmodel”,inwhichfirst-bornchildrenbenefitfromagreaterparentalresourceinvestment.Theresearcherswrite,“Everyadditionalsiblingmeansareductionintheshareofresourcesallocatedtoeachchild,thusreducingthefoundationsoftheirintellectualdevelopment.”（他们引用了一个“资源稀释模型”，在这个模型中，第一个出生的孩子受益于父母更多的资源投资。研究人员写到，“每增加一个兄弟姐妹意味着分配给每个孩子的资源份额减少，从而减少了他们智力发展的基础。”）。由此可知先后出生的孩子在资源分配上存在着差异。A选项“遗传因素”；B选项“教育模式”；C选项“资源分配”；D选项“兄弟姐妹竞争”。A、B、D选项均不符合题意，因此C选项正确。

9.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第七段“Furthermore,exposuretoearlyeducationinstitutionsoffsettheeffectofbirthorderonsecondlanguageacquisition.This,intheresearchers’minds,isthekeytakeawayfromthisstudy.（此外，接触早教机构抵消了出生顺序对第二语言习得的影响。在研究人员看来，这是这项研究的关键。）”，由此可知研究中最关键的发现就是早期教育可以帮助弥补出生顺序对第二语言习得的影响。A选项“移民背景会影响儿童的第二语言能力”；B选项“早期教育可以弥补出生顺序对第二语言习得的影响”；C选项“儿童的智力发展对第二语言学习很重要”；D选项“出生顺序对第二语言习得的影响取决于样本量”。A、C、D选项均不符合题意，因此B选项正确。

10.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章最后一段“Consideringthatfamiliesfromimmigrantbackgroundshavefewerfinancialresources,andthattheseresourcesinfluencethechildren’slevelofdevelopment.Itseemsallthemoreimportantthatimmigrantfamilieswithmanychildrenarefinanciallysupportedsothattheirchildrenareofferedthebestopportunitiespossiblefortheiracademiccareers.（考虑到移民家庭的经济资源较少，而这些资源会影响孩子的发展水平。似乎更重要的是，有很多孩子的移民家庭得到经济上的支持，这样他们的孩子就能在学术生涯中获得最好的机会。）”，由此可知移民家庭需要经济资源的支持。A选项“向资源较少的人提供财政支持”；B选项“为父母提供更多的发展机会”；C选项“呼吁教育机构提供免费课程”；D选项“开展更多的语言习得能力研究”。B、C、D选项均不符合题意，因此A选项正确。

6.单选题

Ithasoftenbeenmyfate—perhapstheexpatriate'sfateingeneral,perhapsmerelytheself-hater’s—tobeagainstthings.AsanAmerican,Ihavefrequentlyseemedanti-American;asaneducatedperson,I'moftenanti-intellectual.WhenItaughtatHarvard,Iwasanti-Harvard.Allofthosemakeme,Isuppose,arathergoodEuropean,sinceEuropeansare,atheart,suspiciousofeveryformbelonging,andgreatbelieversinthenon-conformistlife.

Thesedaysmorethanever,Europeansseemtoharborimmensesuspicious,ifnotdisdain,towardtheUSasformerRussianPresidentMikhailGorbachevputitrecentlyintheWashingtonPost,“Theworlddoesn'twanttobeAmerican.”Indeed,hereinEurope,manycitizenstrembleattheverythought.Why?Aside,ofcourse,fromthefacileandone-dimensionalexplanationofjealousy,isn'ttherestofthefreeandnot-so-freeworldburstingattheseamstobelikethecitizensofthecountrythatbroughtuslife,libertyand—thatanthemofthemodemage—thepursuit

ofhappiness?

Onereason,itoccurstome,issimpleandyetprofound;Americalackscharm.Mysister-in-law,asingleFrenchwelfaremotherwholivesinabeautifulprovincialvillagewithfourboysbetween4and18,allathome,seemstome,despiteherdifficulties,tohavemorecharminherlife—theweeklytripstothemarket,theoccasionalglassofredwine,thetiltedroofsandstonewallsofthevillageitself—thanmanyamillionaireinmygreathomestateofTexas.(Howhorrible!ThePuritanmindclaims,awelfaremotherwithaglassofwine!InFrance,however,evenwelfaremothersareentitledtotheoccasionalredwine.)Andmyimpoverishedsister-in-law,unlikesomanyofthosemillionaires,knows,inthewordsofGuydeMaupassant,how"tobecharmingwithnothingatall".

1.Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis（

）.

2.Fromthepassage,whatkindofpersoncanweassumetheauthoris?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,howaretheattitudeschangingtowardsAmerica?

4.Whichofthefollowingopinionscanbeinferredfromthepassage?

5.WhatdoestheauthorfindmostcharmingintheFrenchvillage?

问题1选项

A.TheCharmingandSuspiciousEuropeans

B.ACharmingFrenchWelfareMother

C.TheCharmingLifeinaFrenchVillage

D.AmericaLosestheCharmWar

问题2选项

A.Jealous

B.Profound

C.Non-conformist

D.Traditional

问题3选项

A.Europeanshavealwaysseemedanti-American.

B.EuropeansarelessagreeabletotheUnitedStates.

C.EuropeansincreasinglytrytoemulateAmericanideas.

D.Europeanshavetheirownstyle,sonothinghaschanged.

问题4选项

A.Theauthorthinks"welfaremothers"shouldneverdrinkredwine.

B.Theauthorthinks"welfaremothers"shouldoccasionallydrinkredwine.

C.Theauthorthinks"welfaremothers"havetherighttodrinkredwine.

D.Theauthorthinksonlyrichmothershavetherighttodrinkredwine.

问题5选项

A.Simplethingsbutnotextravagant.

B.Thepursuitofhappiness.

C.Thebeautifulvillagescenery.

D.Thevillagers',senseofbelonging.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章反映出美国现在面临的问题并且在讨论美国现在越来越失去它的影响力和吸引力,因此D最适合作文章标题。

2.细节事实题。第一段最后一句指出:Allofthosemakeme,Isuppose,arathergoodEuropean,sinceEuropeansare,atheart,suspiciousofeveryformbelonging,andgreatbelieversinthenon-conformistlife(所有这些都使我更像欧洲人，因为从本质上讲，欧洲人对每一种形式的归属都持怀疑态度，也支持非墨守成规的生活)。故选C。

3.细节事实题。第二段开头指出:Europeansseemtoharborimmensesuspicious,ifnotdisdaintowardstheUSasformerRussianPresidentMikhailGorbachevputitrecentlyintheWashingtonPost,“Theworlddoesn'twanttobeAmerican(欧洲人似乎对美国保持着一种如果不能说是不屑的那就是非常怀疑的态度，正如前俄罗斯总统MikhailGorbachev最近在《华盛顿邮报》中指出的‘世界并不想成为美国人”),因此欧洲人现在对美国持有的是怀疑的态度,故选B。

4.判断推理题。根据题干关键词welfaremothers定位至最后一段:InFrance,however,evenwelfaremothersareentitledtotheoccasionalredwine(然而，在法国就算是接受福利救济的母亲也有资格偶尔喝点红酒)。故选C“作者认为接受福利救济的母亲是有权利喝红酒的”。

5.判断推理题。最后一句指出:Andmyimpoverishedsister-in-law,unlikesomanyofthosemillionaires,knows,inthewordsofGuydeMaupassant,how"tobecharmingwithnothingatall(和很多的百万富翁不同，我那贫穷的嫂子懂得莫泊桑作品中的一句话:简单才是最大的魅力)。由此可知作者认为法国的村庄最有魅力的地方就是简单而不奢华。

7.单选题

Thetrainingofhumanintelligencemustincludethesimultaneousdevelopmentoftheempatheticcapacity.

问题1选项

A.simulated

B.coincident

C.instantaneous

D.similar

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。simultaneous表示“同时的，联立的，同时发生的”；A项simulated“模拟的，模仿的，仿造的”，B项coincident“一致的，符合的，同时发生的”，C项instantaneous“瞬间的，即时的，猝发的”，D项similar“相似的”。句意：人类智力的训练必须包括移情能力的同时发展。根据句意可知，B项的意思符合句子。因此，该题选择B项正确。

8.单选题

ItisoneoftheironiesofWesternmanthathehasneverfelt______inventionasathreattohiswayoflife.

问题1选项

A.anyconcernwith

B.anyconcernabout

C.anyconcernin

D.anyconcernat

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项concernwith“关心，挂念”；B选项concernabout“担心”；C选项concernin“涉及；与……有关”；D选项concernat非固定搭配。句意：讽刺的是，西方人从来没有______发明对他们生活方式构成威胁。根据语境，concernabout“担心”搭配threat“威胁”比较合理，意指西方人不会担心发明给生活造成威胁，符合题意。因此B选项正确。

9.单选题

Somereadersmayfindit（）thatabookarguingforgreaterliteracyandintellectualdisciplineshouldleadtoacallforlessratherthanmoreeducation.

问题1选项

A.paradoxical

B.controversial

C.appealing

D.ambiguous

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项paradoxical“自相矛盾的，荒谬的”；B选项controversial“有争议的”；C选项appealing“吸引人的”；D选项ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意：

一本提倡更多的精通文学和知识学科的书应该导致需要更少的而不是更多的教育，一些读者可能会觉得这是自相矛盾的。选项A符合语境。

10.单选题

Excitingdevelopmentscamefromtheworldofmarketingthismonthwiththeintroductionofa(an)________newproductdesignedtorepairthereputationofAmericanbusiness.

问题1选项

A.staggering

B.intriguing

C.shocking

D.irritating

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.staggering惊人的，令人难以相信的B.intriguing有趣的，迷人的

C.shocking令人震惊的，骇人听闻的D.irritating刺激的，恼人的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】空格处作定语修饰下文的“newproduct（新产品）”，该产品的目的为“旨在修复美国企业声誉（repairthereputationofAmericanbusiness）”。with在句中引导原因状语，和主句“本月的市场获得了令人振奋的进展（Excitingdevelopments）”之间存在因果逻辑关系，因为推出了这款新产品，所以市场得到了进展，说明该产品应该是与众不同、能吸引消费者的。intriguing指因不寻常而非常有趣，因此B选项intriguing“有趣的，迷人的”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项staggering“惊人的，令人难以相信的”指事物的程度、数量等令人震惊到难以置信，不能和“新产品（newproduct）”进行搭配，也无法体现其吸引人的特点；

C选项shocking“令人震惊的，骇人听闻的”指因感到气愤憎恶或不道德而震惊，带有消极含义，不能和“令人振奋的进展（Excitingdevelopments）”相对应；

D选项irritating“刺激的，恼人的”指对身体部位有刺激性或因某事不断发生而生气恼怒，带有消极含义，不能和“令人振奋的进展（Excitingdevelopments）”相对应。

【句意】随着一款旨在修复美国企业声誉的有趣新产品的推出，本月的市场获得了令人振奋的进展。

11.单选题

Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetimeifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundhimuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.Inthesameway,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle—comparethoseperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeople,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthisownmistakesforhimself,letalonecorrectthem.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughtthathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohimorcorrectitunlesshewasmadeto.Soonhebecomesdependentontheteacher.Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.

Ifitisamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchroutinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Let'sendthisnonsenseofgrades,exams,marks.Letusthrowthemallout,andletthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,howtomeasuretheirownunderstanding,howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.

Letthemgetonwiththisjobinthewaythatseemsmostsensibletothem,withourhelpasschoolteachersiftheyaskforit.Theideathatthereisabodyofknowledgetobelearntatschoolandusedfortherestofone’slifeisnonsenseinaworldascomplicatedandrapidlychangingasours.Anxiousparentsandteacherssay,"Butsupposetheyfailtolearnsomethingessentialsomethingtheywillneedtogetintheworld?Don'tworry!Ifitisessentialtheywillgooutintotheworldandlearnit.

1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthebestwayforchildrentolearnthings?

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatlearningtospeakandlearningtorideabicycleare（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorthinksteachersinschoolshould

（

）.

4.Theauthorbelievestheteachersroleinchildren’slearningshouldbe

（

）.

5.Thetitleofthispassagecouldprobablybe（

）.

问题1选项

A.Byimitatingwhatotherpeopledo.

B.Bymakingmistakesandhavingthemcorrected.

C.Bylisteningtoexplanationsfromskilledpeople.

D.Byaskingagreatmanyquestions.

问题2选项

A.notreallyimportantskills

B.moreimportantthanotherskills

C.basicallythesameaslearningotherskills

D.basicallydifferentfromlearningadultskills

问题3选项

A.allowchildrentolearnbyhimselforherself

B.pointoutchildren’smistakeswheneverthey'refound

C.correctchildren’smistakesassoonaspossible

D.givechildrenmorebookknowledge

问题4选项

A.theidentifierandcorrectoroftheirerrors

B.theirhelperandguide

C.thepersontogradetheirperformanceandgivefeedbacks

D.thepersontopassonsomethingessentialtothem

问题5选项

A.LetTeachersStopWork

B.LetUsMakeChildrenLearn

C.LetChildrenCorrectTheirOwnPapers

D.LetChildrenLearnbyThemselves

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由文章第一段中Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundheinuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.（他每天都注意到他所使用的语言和他周围的使用的语言之间的差异。一点一点地，他做了必要的改变，使他的语言像其他人的一样）可知作者认为孩子可以通过模仿他人学习东西，因此选A。

第2题:事实细节题。由文章第一段中Inthesameway（以同样的方式）,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle可知选C。

第3题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.可知作者认为教师应该允许孩子自己学习，因此选A。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章第二段中Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.（当孩子告诉我们他找不到正确答案的时候，我们的工作应该是帮助他）可推测教师的角色应该是学生的帮助者与指导者。

第5题:主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了学生应该自己学习，而不是被纠正与灌输式的学习，教师起帮助与指导的作用，因此选D。

12.单选题

CMOmarAbdullahtodaysaidhisgovernmenthastheauthoritytorevokethecontroversiallawandsoughtaworkablesolutionfromtheArmy.

问题1选项

A.amend

B.convert

C.cancel

D.adjust

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.amend修正，修订（法律文件、声明等）B.convert（使）转变，转换

C.cancel撤销，取消，废除（具有法律效力的协议）D.adjust调整，调节

【答案】C

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】revoke的意思为“废除，使无效”，和law构成动宾搭配关系，指的是废除有争议的法律，cancel与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】首席部长奥马尔•阿卜杜拉今天表示，他的政府有权撤销这一有争议的法律，并且从军方寻求可行的解决方案。

13.单选题

In___timeshumanbeingsdidnottravelforpleasurebuttofindamorefavorableclimate.

问题1选项

A.prime

B.primitive

C.primary

D.preliminary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项prime“主要的；最好的；基本的”；B选项primitive“原始的，远古的；简单的，粗糙的”；C选项primary“主要的；初级的；基本的”；D选项preliminary“初步的；开始的；预备的”。句意：在原始时代，人类旅行不是为了娱乐，而是为了寻找更适宜的气候。因此B选项正确。

14.单选题

Inwinterdrivershavetroublestoppingtheircarsfrom（

）onicyroads.

问题1选项

A.skating

B.skidding

C.sliding

D.slipping

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意:司机冬天在结冰的路面上停车不是件困难的事情。

Skating滑冰(娱乐活动或体育竞技项目);skidding侧滑，打滑;sliding滑动,多以人为主语，形容某物顺利无阻碍地滑行;slip滑倒。此处指车辆打滑,故选B。

15.单选题

The100AkerWoodmaylooklikeadark,forbiddingplacethesedaysforMichaelD.Eisner.That’swhereWinniethePooh，Piglet，andEeyorelive,andthecartooncharacters—whichrepresentatleast$1billionayearinrevenuesforEisner’sWaltDisneyCo.—areinfullrevolt.A12-years-oldlawsuit,sealedinaLosAngelescourtuntilJanuary,hascometolight,andaseriesofcourtrulingsthreatenthemediagiantwithhundredsofmillionsinoverduelicensepaymentsandpossiblythelossofoneofitsmostlucrativeproperties.

HowlargeahitDisneywilltakeisstillindispute.Disneyisappealingtworulings,includingoneallegingthatcompanyexecutivesknowinglydestroyedimportantpapersrelatedtoitslicensingdeals.ThePoohaffairmayseemminoratatimewhenEisnerisunderattackforDisney’schronicallyweakstockpriceandABC’sanemicratings,buttheDisneychairmanhardlyneedsmorejostlingfromaSillyOldBear.What’smore,theimpactcouldbesignificant.AfteracknowledgingtotheSecuritiesExchangeCommissiononAug.9that“damagescoul