考研考博-英语-六盘水师范学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-六盘水师范学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.不定项选择题

TherewilleventuallycomeadaywhenTheNewYorkTimesceasestopublishstoriesonnewsprint.Exactlywhenthatdaywillbeisamatterofdebate.“Sometimeinthefuture,”thepaper’spublishersaidbackin2010.

Nostalgiaforinkonpaperandtherustleofpagesaside,there’splentyofincentivetoditchprint.Theinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper—printingpresses,deliverytrucks—isn’tjustexpensive;it’sexcessiveatatimewhenonline-onlycompetitorsdon’thavethesamesetoffinancialconstraints.Readersaremigratingawayfromprintanyway.Andthoughprintadsalesstilldwarftheironlineandmobilecounterparts,revenuefromprintisstilldeclining.

Overheadmaybehighandcirculationlower,butrushingtoeliminateitsprinteditionwouldbeamistake,saysBuzzFeedCEOJonahPeretti.

PerettisaystheTimesshouldn’twastetimegettingoutoftheprintbusiness,butonlyiftheygoaboutdoingittherightway.“Figuringoutawaytoacceleratethattransitionwouldmakesenseforthem,”hesaid,“butifyoudiscontinueit,you’regoingtohaveyourmostloyalcustomersreallyupsetwithyou.”

Sometimesthat’sworthmakingachangeanyway.PerettigivestheexampleofNetflixdiscontinuingitsDVD-mailingservicetofocusonstreaming.“Itwasseenasablunder,”hesaid.Themoveturnedouttobeforesighted.AndifPerettiwereinchargeattheTimes?“Iwouldn’tpickayeartoendprint,”hesaid.“Iwouldraisepricesandmakeitintomoreofalegacyproduct.”

Themostloyalcustomerswouldstillgettheproducttheyfavor,theideagoes,andthey’dfeelliketheywerehelpingsustainthequalityofsomethingtheybelievein.“Soifyou’reoverpayingforprint,youcouldfeellikeyouwerehelping,”Perettisaid.“Thenincreaseitatahigherrateeachyearandessentiallytrytogenerateadditionalrevenue.”Inotherwords,ifyou’regoingtomakeaprintproduct,makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit.WhichmaybewhattheTimesisdoingalready.Gettingtheprinteditionsevendaysaweekcostsnearly$500ayear—morethantwiceasmuchasadigital-onlysubscription.

“It’sareallyhardthingtodoandit’satremendousluxurythatBuzzFeeddoesn’thavealegacybusiness,”Perettiremarked.“Butwe’regoingtohavequestionslikethatwherewehavethingswe’redoingthatdon’tmakesensewhenthemarketchangesandtheworldchanges.Inthosesituations,it’sbettertobemoreaggressivethanlessaggressive.”

1.TheNewYorkTimesisconsideringendingit’sprinteditionpartlydueto______.

2.Perettisuggeststhatinfaceofthepresentsituation,TheTimesshould______.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraphs5and6thata”legacyproduct”______.

4.Perettibelievesthatinachangingworld______.

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?

问题1选项

A.theincreasingonlineandsales

B.thepressurefromitsinvestors

C.thecomplaintsfromitsreaders

D.thehighcostofoperation

问题2选项

A.makestrategicadjustments

B.endtheprintseditionforgood

C.seeknewsourcesofleadership

D.aimforefficientmanagement

问题3选项

A.helpsrestorethegloryofformertimes

B.ismeantforthemostloyalcustomers

C.willhavethecostofprintingreduced

D.expandsthepopularityofthepaper

问题4选项

A.traditionalluxuriescanstayunaffected

B.cautiousnessfacilitatesproblem-solving

C.aggressivenessbettermeetschallenges

D.legacybusinessesarebecomingoutdated

问题5选项

A.ShifttoOnlineNewspapersallatOnce.

B.CherishtheNewspapersStillinYourHand.

C.KeepYourNewspapersForeverinFashion.

D.MakeYourPrintNewspapersaLuxuryGood.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.【选项释义】

1.TheNewYorkTimesisconsideringendingit’sprinteditionpartlydueto______.1.《纽约时报》正考虑终止印刷版，部分原因是______。

A.theincreasingonlineandsalesA.在线版和销量的增长

B.thepressurefromitsinvestorsB.来自投资者的压力

C.thecomplaintsfromitsreadersC.读者的抱怨

D.thehighcostofoperationD.印刷成本高

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】首先定位首段首句“终有一天，《纽约时报》会停止在报纸上发表文章”可知，这是题干的同义表达，然后第二段第二句解释了其具体原因“制造纸质报纸所需要的基础设施——印刷机、送货卡车——不仅昂贵；而且一个只提供在线服务的竞争对手却没有这样的经济上的限制，这是过分的”，从中可知，《纽约时报》正考虑终止印刷版，部分原因是因为印刷成本昂贵，D项“印刷成本高”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】A项“在线版和销量的增长”、B项“来自投资者的压力”、C项“读者的抱怨”没有提到，这三项属于无中生有。

2.【选项释义】

2.Perettisuggeststhatinfaceofthepresentsituation,TheTimesshould______.2.佩雷蒂建议，面对目前的情况，《纽约时报》应该______。

A.makestrategicadjustmentsA.进行战略调整

B.endtheprintseditionforgoodB.永远停止印刷煽动

C.seeknewsourcesofleadershipC.寻找新的领导资源

D.aimforefficientmanagementD.追求高效率的管理

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据关键词Peretti定位至第四段第一句“佩雷蒂说，《纽约时报》不应该浪费时间退出印刷版业务，但必须采取正确的方式”，理解可知，佩雷蒂建议《纽约时报》应该找到一种正确的方法来解决这件事情，所以A项“进行战略调整”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B项“永远停止印刷煽动”，原文提到佩雷蒂认为不应该浪费时间退出印刷版业务，所以该项属于反向干扰；

C项“寻找新的领导资源”和D项“追求高效率的管理”没有提到，这两项属于无中生有。

3.【选项释义】

3.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraphs5and6thata”legacyproduct”______.3.从第5段和第6段可以推断“传统产品”______。

A.helpsrestorethegloryofformertimesA.帮助恢复昔日的荣耀

B.ismeantforthemostloyalcustomersB.是针对最忠实的客户

C.willhavethecostofprintingreducedC.印刷成本会降低

D.expandsthepopularityofthepaperD.扩大报纸的受欢迎程度

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】首先定位第五段最后一句“我不会选择一年结束印刷业，我会提高价格，让它更像一款传统产品”可以看出，佩雷蒂认为不仅要提高传统产品的价格，还要将它变为一种可以传承的产物，接着第六段开头提到“最忠实的客户仍然会得到他们喜欢的产品，他们会觉得他们在帮助维持他们所相信的东西的质量”，然后提到如果每年增加一些比例，依旧可以创收，紧接着提到“如果你要做一个印刷产品，那就为那些已经对它着迷的人做吧”，综合理解可知，对于最忠实的客户来说，如果把传统产品进行改造，那么对于他们来说这就是一件可以传承的东西，由此推断，“传统产品”是针对最忠实的客户，该题选择B项“是针对最忠实的客户”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“帮助恢复昔日的荣耀”和C项“印刷成本会降低”没有提到，该项属于无中生有；

D项“扩大报纸的受欢迎程度”，“传统产品”针对的是忠实的客户，让这个产品变成可以传承的东西，并没有扩大受欢迎程度，该项属于曲解原文。

4.【选项释义】

4.Perettibelievesthatinachangingworld______.4.佩雷蒂认为，在一个不断变化的世界，______。

A.traditionalluxuriescanstayunaffectedA.传统奢侈品不会受到影响

B.cautiousnessfacilitatesproblem-solvingB.谨慎有助于解决问题

C.aggressivenessbettermeetschallengesC.积极进取能更好地迎接挑战

D.legacybusinessesarebecomingoutdatedD.传统企业正在变得过时

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据原文末段最后两句“但我们会有这样的问题，当市场和世界变化时，我们正在做的事情没有意义。在这种情况下，积极进取总比不那么积极进取要好（it’sbettertobemoreaggressivethanlessaggressive）。”可知，佩雷蒂认为，在一个不断变化的世界，tobemoreaggressive（积极进取）才更好处理世界变化带来的挑战，C项“积极进取能更好地迎接挑战”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“传统奢侈品不会受到影响”表述过于绝对，该项属于曲解原文；

B项“谨慎有助于解决问题”在佩雷蒂的观点中没有体现，相反他建议要有所改变，并且要采取正确的方式，该项属于反向干扰；

D项“传统企业正在变得过时”中的legacybusinesses（传统企业）没有在文中讨论，该项属于无中生有。

5.【选项释义】

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?5.下面哪个选项是这篇文章最好的标题？

A.ShifttoOnlineNewspapersallatOnce.A.同时转向在线报纸。

B.CherishtheNewspapersStillinYourHand.B.珍惜手中的报纸。

C.KeepYourNewspapersForeverinFashion.C.让你的报纸永远时尚。

D.MakeYourPrintNewspapersaLuxuryGood.D.让你的纸质报纸成为奢侈品。

【考查点】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】首先定位文章首段首句“终有一天，《纽约时报》会停止在报纸上发表文章”，可知本文讨论的内容是纸质印刷，然后第二段解释了抛弃纸质印刷的理由，接着中间四段介绍了佩雷蒂对《纽约时报》所面临的挑战进行的战略调整，即让纸质报纸成为legacyproducts（传统产品），之后，最后一段用佩雷蒂的话总结了当世界变化时，人们应该积极进取的迎接挑战；综上所述可知，这篇文章围绕的中心词就是printnewspaper（纸质报纸），所以D项“让你的纸质报纸成为奢侈品”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“同时转向在线报纸”中的onlinenewspaper只是文中提到的一个面临的挑战，不足以引领全文，该项属于以偏概全；

B项“珍惜手中的报纸”和C项“让你的报纸永远时尚”中的newspaper范围过大，本文的关键词是printnewspaper（纸质报纸），这两项属于曲解原文。

2.单选题

Wateristhegiverand,atthesametime,thetakeroflife.Itcoversmostofthesurfaceoftheplanetweliveonandfeatureslargeinthedevelopmentofthehumanrace.Onpresentpredictions,itisancementthatissettoassumeevengreatersignificance.

Throughouthistory,waterhashadahugeimpactonourlives.Humankindhasalwayshadaratherambiguousrelationshipwithwater,ontheonehandreceivingenormousbenefitfromit,notjustasadrinkingsource,butasaprovideroffoodandameanswherebytotravelandtotrade.Butforcedtoliveclosetowaterinordertosurviveandtodevelop,therelationshiphasnotalwaysbeenpeacefulorbeneficial.Infact,ithasbeenquitethecontrary.Whathasessentiallybeenanecessityforsurvivalwasturnedoutinmanyinstancestohaveaverydestructiveandlife-threateningside.

Throughtheages,greatfloodsalternatedwithlongperiodsofdroughthaveassaultedpeopleandtheirenvironment,hamperingtheirfragilefightforsurvival.Thedramaticchangestotheenvironmentthatarenowafeatureofourdailynewsarenotexactlynew:fieldsthatwereoncelushandfertilearenowbarren;lakesandriversthatwereonceteemingwithlifearenowlonggone;savannahhasbeenturnedtodesert.Whatperhapsisnewisournativewonderwhenfacedwiththeforcesofnature.

Today,wearemoreawareofclimaticchangesaroundtheworld.Floodsinfar-flungplacesareinstantnewsforthewholeworld.Perhapstheseeventsmakeusfeelbetteraswefacethedestructionofourownpropertybyfloodsandothernaturaldisasters.

In2002,manypartsofEuropesufferedsevereflooddamagerunningintobillionsofeuros.Propertiesacrossthecontinentcollapsedintotheseaaswavespoundedthecoastlinewreakinghavocwithseadefenses.Butitwasnotjusttheseas.Riversswollenbyheavyrainsandbytheeffectsofdeforestationcarriedlargevolumesofwaterthatwreckedmanycommunities.

Buildingstrongerandmoresophisticatedriverdefensesagainstfloodingistheexpensiveshort-termanswer.Therearesimplerways.Plantingtreesinhighlandareas,notjustinEuropebutinplacesliketheGangesDelta,isacheaperandmoreattractivesolution.Progressisalreadybeingmadeinconvincingcountriesthattheemissionofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesiscausingconsiderabledamagetotheenvironment.Butmoreeffortisneededinthisdirection.

Andthefuture?Ifwearetobelievetheforecasts,itispredictedthattwothirdsoftheworldpopulationwillbewithoutfreshwaterby2025.Butforagrowingnumberofregionsoftheworldthefutureisalreadywithus.Whilesomeareasaredevastatedbyflooding,scarcityofwaterinmanyotherplacesiscausingconflict.ThestateofTexasintheUnitedStatesofAmericaissufferingashortageofwaterwiththeRioGrandefailingtoreachtheGulfofMexicoforthefirsttimein50yearsinthespringof2002,pittingregionagainstregionastheyvieforwatersources.Withmanypartsofthegloberunningdrythroughdroughtandincreasedwaterconsumption,thereisnowtalkofwaterbeingthenewoil.

Otherdoom-ladenestimatessuggestthat,whiletropicalareaswillbecomedrieranduninhabitable,coastalregionsandsomelow-lyingislandswillinallprobabilitybesubmergedbytheseaasthepolaricecapsmelt.Popularexoticdestinationsnowvisitedbycountlesstouristswillbecomeno-goareas.Today'sholidayhotspotsofsouthernEuropeandelsewherewillliterallybecomehotspots—toohottoliveinorvisit.Withthecurrenterraticbehavioroftheweather,itisdifficultnottosubscribetosuchdespair.

Somemightsaythatthisdespondencyisill-founded,butwehavehadampleproofthatthereissomethingnotquiterightwiththeclimate.Manypartsoftheworldhaveexperienceddevastatingflooding.Astheseasonsrevolve,thefocusofthedestructionmovesfromonecontinenttoanother.Theimpactontheenvironmentisalarmingandthecosttolifedepressing.Itisapicturetowhichwewillneedtobecomeaccustomed.

1.Thewriterbelievesthatwater（）

2.Humankind'srelationshipwithwaterhasbeen（）

3.Thewritersuggeststhat（）

4.Accordingtothepassage,plantingtrees（）

5.By2025,itisprojectedthat（）

6.Accordingtothepassage,inthefuturelow-lyingislands（）

7.Accordingtothewriter,（）

问题1选项

A.isgraduallybecomingofgreaterimportance

B.willhavelittleimpactonourlivesinfuture

C.issomethingwewillneedmorethananythingelse

D.willhaveevengreaterimportanceinourlivesinfuture

问题2选项

A.two-sided

B.one-side

C.purelyoneofgreatbenefit

D.fairlyfrightening

问题3选项

A.weareinaweofthenewswereadandseeonTVeveryday

B.changetotheenvironmentleavesusspeechless

C.weshouldnotbeinaweofthenewswereadandseeonTVeveryday

D.oursurpriseattheenvironmentalchangebroughtaboutbynatureissomethingnew

问题4选项

A.hastobecoordinatedinternationally

B.ismoreexpensivethanbuildingseaandriverdefenses

C.isalessexpensiveanswertofloodinginallregions

D.isnotananswertotheproblemoffloodinginallregions

问题5选项

A.atleasthalftheworldpopulationwillhavefreshwater

B.one-thirdoftheworldpopulationwillhavefreshwater

C.themajorityoftheworldpopulationwillhavefreshwater

D.freshwaterwillonlybeavailabletohalfoftheworldpopulation

问题6选项

A.willstillbehabitable

B.willnotbeunderwater

C.arelikelytobeunderwater

D.willprobablynotbeunderwater

问题7选项

A.peopledonotneedtogetusedtoenvironmentaldamage

B.peoplewillneedtogetusedtoclimatechangesthatcauseenvironmentaldamage

C.peoplearenowmoreusedtoenvironmentaldamagethantheyhavebeeninthepast

D.thegeneraldespondencyaboutenvironmentalchangesisill-founded

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:C

第7题:B

【解析】第1题:细节推断题。根据第一段的第一句“Onpresentpredictions,itisacementthatissettoassumeevengreatersignificance.”可知选项D符合原文。

第2题:细节推断题。根据第二段的第二句“Humankindhasalwayshadaratherambiguousrelationshipwithwater.”人类与水一直有一种相当模糊的关系，一方面...（积极的），另一方面...（消极的）。所以说是双面性的，选项A正确。

第3题:细节推断题。根据第三段的最后一句“Whatperhapsisnewisournativewonderwhenfacedwiththeforcesofnature.”也许当我们面对自然的力量时，我们对此感到惊奇，觉得这是一件新鲜事。选项D符合原文。

第4题:细节推断题。根据关键词“plantingtrees”定位到第六段第三句“Plantingtrees...isacheaperandmoreattractivesolution.”选项C符合原文。

第5题:细节事实题。根据关键词“2025”定位到第七段第二句“Ifwearetobelievetheforecasts,itispredictedthattwothirdsoftheworldpopulationwillbewithoutfreshwaterby2025.”到2025年世界人口的三分之二将没有淡水。选项B世界人口的三分之一拥有淡水，换了一种表达方法，但符合原文。

第6题:细节事实题。根据关键词“low-lyingislands”定位到原文第八段首句“...coastalregionsandsomelow-lyingislandswillinallprobabilitybesubmergedbythesea...”沿海地区和一些低洼岛屿极有可能被海水淹没。选项C符合原文。

第7题:细节推断题。根据最后一段的最后两句“Theimpactontheenvironmentisalarmingandthecosttolifedepressing.Itisapicturetowhichwewillneedtobecomeaccustomed.”环境影响令人担忧，生活需要付出的代价令人沮丧。这是我们需要习惯的画面。选项B符合原文。

3.单选题

Sheisfondof______,sodon’tapproachherandtellherwhattroublesyou.She’llmakeitknowtoall.

问题1选项

A.speech

B.appraisal

C.comment

D.gossip

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项speech“演讲”；B选项appraisal“评估；估价”；C选项comment“议论；批评”；D选项gossip“流言飞语，闲言碎语；闲聊”。句意：她喜欢______，所以不要接近她，告诉她你的烦恼。根据语境，这里指她非常喜欢说闲话，所以不要跟她走太近，D选项gossip“流言飞语，闲言碎语”符合题意。因此D选项正确。

4.单选题

Whentheconcentrationofcalciuminthebloodistoolow,theparathyroidglandsbegantosecretethehormoneparathormone.

问题1选项

A.concentration

B.too

C.began

D.secrete

【答案】C

【解析】根据题中when引导的时间状语从句中为一般现在时态可知，C选项也应该用begin动词原形，句意：当血液中的钙浓度过低时，甲状旁腺开始分泌甲状腺激素。选项C符合题意。

5.单选题

Aroundtheworld,rumblesofcomplaintaboutglobalizationaregrowinglouder.InEastAsia,thefinancialcrisisof1997leftajaundicedsenseofwhatglobalizationentails,thoughrobusteconomicrecoveryhastemperedthat.Globalization’sstandinghasalsobeenbadlydamagedinLatinAmericabythemeltdownoftheArgentineeconomyin2000andfinancialcrisesinBrazilin1999and2001.NewfearsaboutglobalizationaresurfacinginEuropetoo.InFranceandGermany,workingpeoplelinkglobalizationwithpressurestodismantlethesocialdemocraticstate.

Thesedevelopmentshaveraisedconcernsaboutthedurabilityofglobalizationevenamongitssupporters.InthefinalsectionofhisnewbookGlobalCapitalism:ItsFailandRiseinthe20thCentury，theHarvardprofessorJeffryFrieden—whoisinfavorofglobalization—ruminatesonthepossibilitythattoday’sglobalization,likethatofthe19thcentury,mightfalter.

Itcanbehighlyinstructivetolookbackatwhatsomehistorianscall“thefirstglobalization”.Whenpeopledoso,however,theyoftentendtoidentifyitsendasthebeginningofWorldWarIin1914.Thisiswrong,andleadstomisunderstandingsabouttoday’sglobalization.

ThefirstglobalizationendedwiththeWallStreetcrashof1929andtheensuingGreatDepression.Theworld'sresponsetothecrash,however,wasprofoundlyaffectedbythepoliticalconditionsthatWorldWarIhadcreated.IntheUnitedStates,BritainandFrance,thewarcreatedpoliticalandsocialconditionsthatfosteredaturntosocialdemocracy.InGermany,theonerouseconomicburdensofthe1919TreatyofVersaillesfosteredaturntoNazism.

Thishistoryhasenormoussignificanceforunderstandingtoday'spredicament.Thefirstlessonisthattheeconomiccrisisof1929—notpolitics—broughtdownthefirstglobalization,suggestingthataneconomiccrisis,andnotpolitics,willbringdowntoday’sglobalization.

Thesecondlessonisthatwhilepoliticaldevelopmentsbefore1929didnotcausethecrash,theymatteredenormouslyfortheinternationalresponse.AfterWorldWarI,governmentssubstantiallyrecreatedtheprewareconomicsystem,butthereconstructedsystemdistributedprosperityextremelyunevenly.IntheUnitedStates,wealthandincomeinequalitygrewduringthe"RoaringTwenties".InBritain,theindustrialmidlandsandthenorthsufferedfrompersistentstagnationbecauseofanovervaluedexchangerate.AndprosperitysimplybypassedGermany.

Additionally,therewasapopularturntoisolationisminresponsetothecarnagewroughtbythewar.Theglobaleconomicsystemwasthereforeunpopular,andconsequentlyithadfewdefenderswhenthecrashcame.Thatlessonholdsforthecurrentglobalization,whichisalsounpopularandfeared.

Afterthefirstglobalizationcrashedbecauseofinherentfinancialfragility,theensuingNewDealeracreatedasystemthatremediedthatfragility.TheNewDealeraalsocreatedasocialdemocratic,mass-consumptioneconomyinwhichincomewasmorebroadlysharedbecauseofunionization,minimumwagesandsocialsecurityprovisions.Butsuchaneconomyisexpensiveforindividualcapitalists,givingthemincentivetoevadeitscosts.Thathasbeenadrivingforcebehindglobalizationsince1980,andthatisthecontradictionintoday’ssystem.

1.ThefinancialcriesinBrazilarementionedinthefirstparagraphto（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutJeffryFrieden?

3.Whydoestheauthoradvocatelookingbackatthefirstglobalization?

4.Whichofthefollowingisthelessonlearntfromthehistoryofthefirstglobalization?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

问题1选项

A.showthetrendofglobalizationinrecentyears

B.analyzethecausesoffinancialcrisesintheworld

C.illustratehowtoresolvefinancialcrisesintheworld

D.showpeople’snegativeattitudestowardglobalization

问题2选项

A.HeisaprofessorinHarvardUniversity.

B.Hemightbelievethatthedisadvantagesofglobalizationoutweighitsadvantages.

C.HeistheauthorofthebookGlobalCapitalism:ItsFallandRiseinthe20thCentury

D.Hethinksthattoday'sglobalizationmightprobablycrash.

问题3选项

A.Becauseitcanmakeusidentifytheendofthefirstglobalizationcorrectlyandavoidmisunderstanding.

B.BecauseitcanhelpusfindoutthecausesoftheWallStreetcrashof1929.

C.BecauseitcanmakeusunderstandwhythewarfosteredaturntosocialdemocracyinBritain,whileaturntoNazisminGermany.

D.Becauseitcanhelpusunderstandthecurrentglobalizationandgetsomeinstructiveexperience.

问题4选项

A.Itistheeconomiccrisisorinherentfinancialfragilitythatmaycontributetothecrashofglobalization.

B.InBritain,wealthandincomeinequalitygrewduringthe“RoaringTwenties”，whichmatteredforglobalization.

C.AfterWorldWarI,thereconstructedsystemdistributedprosperityextremelyunevenly,whichwasadrivingforcebehindthefirstglobalization.

D.Thefirstglobalizationcrashedbecauseofinherentfinancialfragilityandthefollowingsocialdemocratic,mass-consumptioneconomy.

问题5选项

A.theNewDealcontributedtothecrashofthefirstglobalizationtosomeextent.

B.unionization,minimumwagesandsocialsecurityprovisionscanrelievewealthandincomeinequalitytosomeextent.

C.individualcapitalistswereoptimisticaboutasocialdemocratic,mass-consumptioneconomy

D.since1980,therehasbeenacontroversialtrendaboutglobalization

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.推断题。根据文章第一段，“Globalization’sstandinghasalsobeenbadlydamagedinLatinAmericabythemeltdownoftheArgentineeconomyin2000andfinancialcrisesinBrazilin1999and2001.”，可知2000年阿根廷经济的崩溃、1999和2001年巴西的经融危机严重损害了全球化在拉丁美洲的地位。可推断出人们对全球化存在消极的态度。选项D符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句，“InthefinalsectionofhisnewbookGlobalCapitalism:ItsFailandRiseinthe20thCentury,theHarvardprofessorJeffryFrieden—whoisinfavorofglobalization—ruminatesonthepossibilitythattoday'sglobalization,likethatofthe19thcentury,mightfalter.”，从这一段对JeffryFrieden的介绍中可知，他是哈佛大学的教授，选项A可排除。他确实是GlobalCapitalism:ItsFailandRiseinthe20thCentury这一书的作者，选项C可排除。他是支持全球化的，他反复思考了今天的全球化像19世纪全球化那样不景气的可能性，所以他认为今天的全球化也可能会面临崩溃，选项D可排除。所以选项B符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“Itcanbehighlyinstructivetolookbackatwhatsomehistorianscall“thefirstglobalization.”，可知，让人们回顾第一次全球化是很有意义的。根据文章第五段，“Thishistoryhasenormoussignificanceforunderstandingtoday'spredicament.”，可知这些历史对于度过今天的困境也有很大的意义。所以回顾第一个全球化有助于我们理解今天的全球化形式并且获得一些有益的经验。选项D符合题意。

4.推断题。根据文章第五段，“Thefirstlessonisthattheeconomiccrisisof1929—notpolitics—broughtdownthefirstglobalization,suggestingthataneconomiccrisis,andnotpolitics,willbringdowntoday’sglobalization.”，可知第一次全球化表明是经济而不是政治击败今天的全球化。根据文章最后一段第一句，“Afterthefirstglobalizationcrashedbecauseofinherentfinancialfragility,theensuingNewDealeracreatedasystemthatremediedthatfragility.”，可知全球化崩溃的原因是金融的脆弱性。综上可推断出经济危机或内在的金融脆弱性可能会导致全球化的崩溃。选项A符合题意。

5.推断题。根据文章最后一段第二句，“TheNewDealeraalsocreatedasocialdemocratic,mass-consumptioneconomyinwhichincomewasmorebroadlysharedbecauseofunionization,minimumwagesandsocialsecurityprovisions.”可知新政时期创造了一个社会民主的大众消费经济，因为公会化、最低工资和社会保障，使得收入分配平均一些。可推断出工会化、最低工资和社会保障规定可以在一定程度上缓解财富和收入不平等。选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Whentraveling,youareadvisedtotaketravelers'checks,whichprovideasecure（）tocarryingyourmoneyincash.

问题1选项

A.substitute

B.preference

C.selection

D.alternative

【答案】D

【解析】词义辨析题。substitute替代物；preference偏爱；selection选择,

指从相当数量中进行选择,

强调数量多和慎重的判断和鉴别；alternative可供选择的,

强调在两个中选一个。句意：旅游的时候建议你带上旅行支票,

作为携帯现金的一个安全替代方式。选项D正确。

7.单选题

Inthepast,mostforestershavebeenmen,buttoday,thenumberofwomen（）thisfieldisclimbing.

问题1选项

A.engaging

B.devoting

C.registering

D.pursuing

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。选项A：engage“吸引，使参加，，雇佣，从事（后接其他成分需要用介词in）”；选项B：devote“（一般接to引出对象）致力于，奉献”;选项C：register“显示，登记，注册”；选项D：pursue“追赶，从事（可直接跟从事的对象），继续”。由此可知A、B、C均不符合题意，选项D正确。句意：在过去，大部分的林务员都是男性，但现如今这个领域的女性工作人员数量越来越多。

8.单选题

Itis（

）thattheInternetisexertingagrowingimportantinfluenceonpeople’slives.

问题1选项

A.indistinctive

B.indissoluble

C.indispensable

D.indisputable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近形容词词义辨析。indistinctive“无特色的，不显著的”；indissoluble“不能分解的，不能溶解的”；indispensable“不可缺少的”；indisputable“明白的，无可争议的”。根据句意“互联网对人们的生活起到了越来越重要的影响”，这个事实是无可争议的，所以选项D符合题意。

9.单选题

Therearetwomethodsoffighting,theonebylaw,theotherbyforce;thefirstmethodisthatofmen,thesecondofbeasts;butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond.Itis,therefore,necessaryforaprincetoknowhowtouseboththebeastandtheman.Thiswascovertlytaughttotherulersbyancientwriters,whorelatehowAchillesandmanyothersofthoseancientprincesweregivenChironthecentaurtobebroughtupandeducatedunderhisdiscipline.

Theparable（寓言）ofthissemi-animal,semi•humanteacherismeanttoindicatethataprincemustknowhowtousebothnaturesandthattheonewithouttheotherisnotdurable.

Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeast,mustimitatethefox,andtheli-on,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis.Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist.Ifmenwereallgood,thispreceptwouldnotbeagoodone;butastheyarebad,andwouldnotobservetheirfaithwithyou,soyouarenotboundtokeepfaithwiththem.Norhavelegiti-mategroundseverfailedaprincewhowishedtoshowcolorableexcuseforthenonfulfillmentofhispromise.Ofthisonecouldfurnishaninfinitenumberofexamples,andshowhowmanytimespeacehasbeenbroken,andhowmanypromisesrenderedworthless,bythefaithlessnessofprinces,andthosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest.Butitisnecessarytobeabletodisguisethischaracterwell,andtobeagreatfeigneranddissembler,andmenaresosimpleandsoreadytoobeypresentnecessities,thattheonewhodeceiveswillalwaysfindthosewhoallowthem-selvestobedeceived.

1.Thewriterdoesnotbelievethat（）.

2.“Prince”inthepassagedesignates（）

3.Thelionrepresentsthosewhoare（）

4.Thefox,inthepassage,is（）.

5.Thewritersuggeststhatasuccessfulleadermust（

）.

问题1选项

A.thetruthmakesmenfree

B.peoplecanprotectthemselves

C.princesarehuman

D.leadershavetobeconsistent

问题2选项

A.anyoneinpower

B.electedofficials

C.aristocrats

D.sonsofkings

问题3选项

A.tootrusting

B.reliantonforceonly

C.strongandpowerful

D.lackinginforce

问题4选项

A.admiredforhistrickery

B.nomatchforthelion

C.pitiedforhiswiles

D.consideredworthless

问题5选项

A.beprudentandfaithful

B.cheatandlie

C.haveprincipletoguidehisactions

D.followthetruth

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理题。第一段指出：butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient，onemusthaverecoursetothesecond（只使用第一种方法是不够的，还要使用第二种方法）。D选项“领导者必须始终如一”符合题意。

2.推理题。根据文章推断,“Prince”指代的是A项“任何掌权的人”。

3.推理题。根据题干关键词“lion”定位至第二段:...forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis，由此推测lion仅有力量但不能保护自己免入陷阱。因此B项正确。

4.推理题。根据题干关键词“fox”定位至第二段：Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoact

asabeast,mustimitatethefox,andthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.由此可知，狐狸是狡猾的，而且作者对此持肯定态度。因此A项正确。

5.推理题。第二段指出：Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist…thosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest。因此作者认为，精明的领导者应该向狐狸学习，善