考研考博-英语-北京大学考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Whenthedoctordoesageneralexperimentaboutthehumanmind,heselectspeople（）andasksthemalotofquestions.

问题1选项

A.atrandom

B.atlength

C.inessence

D.inbulk

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项atrandom“胡乱地；随便地；随意地”；B选项atlength“最后，终于；详细地”；C选项inessence“本质上；其实；大体上”；D选项inbulk“散装；大量”。句意：当医生对人类的大脑做一个综合性实验时，他随意挑选人且问他们很多问题。结合句意，A选项正确。

2.单选题

Hisfameprovedtobeaflashinthepan—hisfirstbookwaspopularbuthehasn’twrittenanything（

）since.

问题1选项

A.innovative

B.descriptive

C.intangible

D.intelligible

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容词辨析。innovative“创新的”；descriptive“描述的”；intangible“无形的，难以琢磨的”；intelli“容易理解的”。句意：他的名气犹如昙花一现——他的第一本书很畅销，但之后再也没有写出有新意的东西。选项A符合句意。

3.单选题

Feministcriticshavelongdebatedtheextenttowhichgenderplaysaroleinthecreationandinterpretationoftexts.Androgynistpoetics,rootedinmid-Victorianwomen’swriting,contendsthatthecreativemindissexless,butfromthe1970son,manyfeministcriticsrejectedtheideaofthegenderless,mind,findingthattheimaginationcannotevadeconsciousorunconsciousstructuresofgenderwhichispartofculture-determinationwhereseparatingimaginationfromtheselfisimpossible.

TheFemaleAesthetic,expressingauniquefemaleconsciousnessinliterature,spokeofthe“femalevernacular,theMotherTongue,apowerfulbutneglectedwomen’sculture”.VirginiaWoolfdiscusseshowawomanwriterseekswithinherself“thepools,thedepths,thedarkplaceswherethelargestfishslumber”,inevitablycollidingagainstherownsexualitytoconfront“somethingaboutthebody,aboutthepassions”.Accessibletomenandwomenalike,butrepresentingfemalesexualmorphology,thismethodsoughtawayofwritingwhichliterallyembodiedthefemale,therebyfightingthesubordinating,linearstyleofclassificationordistinction.

ItmustbeadmittedthatthereareproblemswiththeFemaleAestheticthatfeministcriticsthemselvesrecognized.Forinstance,theyavoideddefiningexactlywhatconstitutedtheirwritingstyle,asanydefinitionwouldthencategorizeitandsafelysubsumeitasagenreunderthelinearpatriarchalstructure—itsveryrestlessnessandambiguitydefiedidentificationaspartofitsidentity.SomefeministsandwomenwriterscouldfeelexcludedbythesurrealityoftheFemaleAestheticanditsstressonthebiologicalformsoffemaleexperience,whichalsobearcloseresemblancetoessentialism.Menmaytrytheirhandatwritingwoman’sbodies,butaccordingtothefeministcritique,onlyawomanwhoseverybiologygaveheranedgecouldreadthesetextssuccessfully—apositionwhich,worstofall,riskedmarginalizationofwomen’sliteratureandtheory.

Later,Gynocriticsattemptedtoresolvesomeoftheseproblems,byagreeingthatwomen’sliteraturelayasthecentralconcernforfeministcriticismbutrejectingtheconceptofanessentialfemaleidentityandstyle,whilesimultaneouslyseekingtoreviseFreudianstructuresbyemphasizingaPre-Oedipalphasewhereinthedaughter’sbondtohermotherinscribesthekeyfactoringenderidentity.MatriarchalvaluesdissolveintergenerationalconflictsandbuilduponafemaletraditionofliteratureratherthanthestruggleofOedipusandLaisatthecrossroads.Lastlyandmostpromisinginitsachievementofadelicatebalancearedevelopmentsofanover-archinggendertheory,whichconsidersgender,bothmaleandfemale,asasocialconstructionbuiltonbiologicaldifferences.Gendertheoryproposestoexploreideologicalinscriptionandtheliteraryeffectsofthesex/gendersystem,openinguptheliterarytheorystageandbringinginquestionsofmasculinityintofeministtheory.Takinggenderasafundamentalanalyticcategorybringsfeministcriticismfromthemargintothecenter,thoughitrisksdepoliticizingthestudyofwomen.

30.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarizesthecontentofthepassage?

31.TheauthorspecificallymentionsallofthefollowingissuesthathavebeenconsideredintheevolutionoffeministliterarycriticismEXCEPT（）.

32.Theauthorrefersto“thelargestfish”(Paragraph2)primarilyinorderto（）.

33.Accordingtothepassage,thegreatestriskposedbythefeministtheories,liketheFemaleAesthetic,whichposittheexistenceofan“essential”ornon-constructedgenderisin（）.

34.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorwoulddefinethe“delicatebalance”mentionedinthelastparagraphastheequilibriumbetween（）.

35.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldmostlikelydescribetheevolutionoffeministliterarytheoryas（）.

问题1选项

A.AHistoricalOverviewofFeministLiteraryCriticism

B.EstablishingNewFeministConceptsofGender

C.ThePrecariousFeministCompromiseinPoliticsandArt

D.ANewTheoryofLiteraryCriticism

问题2选项

A.theplaceofwomenintheliterarycanon

B.thequestionofcultureindetermininggender

C.theroleofFreudintheorizinggenderidentity

D.theeffectofbiologicaldifferencesontextualstyle

问题3选项

A.suggestarefugefromthelonghistoryofsexistliterarycriticism

B.offerasenseofpoliticalpurposethatcanonlybeawakenedthroughliterature

C.articulatethepossibilityforescapefromtheconfinesofgenderedidentity

D.referenceauniquefeministidentitythatmustbeextractedsomehowfromthebody

问题4选项

A.creatingadead-endforfeministliterarycriticismbyattackingthenotionofanandrogynistpoetics

B.reinforcingsexistnotionsthatwomencannotemulatetheliterarystyleofmen

C.pushingfeministwritingoutofthemainstreambyarguingthatmenareunabletofullycomprehendwomen’swriting

D.relyingtooheavilyonthetheoriesofFreud,underwhichidentityistheproductofbiology

问题5选项

A.establishingtiesbetweengenerationsofwomenwritersandfightingpatriarchalinfluence

B.assigningtheproperweighttotheconceptofgenderassociallyconstructedandbiologicallyinherited

C.activelyfightingandpassivelydocumentingtheliteraryeffectsofthesex/gendersystem

D.avoidingmarginalizationonthepoliticalfringesandde-politicizationinthepoliticalmainstream

问题6选项

A.agradualmovementfromtheideaofgenderlesswritingtoawritingthatoriginatesinthewoman’sbody

B.ashiftbetweenadversarialcriticismtomoretolerantvarietiesofcriticism

C.aregularfluctuationbetweentheideaofgenderlessandgenderedwritingthatgraduallysettlesonacompromise

D.amoreorlessconstantpursuitofthegoalofestablishingauniquenicheforwomen’sliterature

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:C

【解析】30.主旨大意题。通读全文，发现作者的写作脉络都是围绕“FeministLiteraryCriticism”,原文首段是说Feministcriticshavelongdebatedtheextenttowhichgenderplaysaroleinthecreationandinterpretationoftexts.（女权主义评论者在性别对创造力和演绎能力的作用上存在争议）文第二段是说TheFemaleAesthetic,expressingauniquefemaleconsciousnessinliterature,（女性审美在文学上表达出一种独特的女性意识）；原文第三段是说ItmustbeadmittedthatthereareproblemswiththeFemaleAestheticthatfeministcriticsthemselvesrecognized.（女权主义评论者认识到并且承认女性审美存在一些问题）；原文第四段是说Later,Gynocriticsattemptedtoresolvesomeoftheseproblems（女性评论者试着解决其中的一些问题）。可见，全文应为“女性文学评论的历史概述”。即可得出本题答案。

31.细节判断题。选项A可定位至第二段第一句；选项B可定位至第三段；选项C可定位至第四段，选项D文中未提及。从而得出本题答案。

32.细节推断题。根据题干信息，将信息点定位到原文第二段第二句VirginiaWoolfdiscusseshowawomanwriterseekswithinherself“thepools,thedepths,thedarkplaceswherethelargestfishslumber”,inevitablycollidingagainstherownsexualitytoconfront“somethingaboutthebody,aboutthepassions”（弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫（VirginiaWoolf）探讨了一位女作家如何在自己内心寻找“池塘、深处、最大的鱼睡觉的黑暗地方”，不可避免地与自己的性欲发生冲突，以面对“有关身体和激情的某些东西”。）根据“ownsexuality”,“thebody”,“thepassions”等信息判定“thelargestfish”指的是选项D。从而得出本题答案。

试题答案D

33.

信息推断题。根据题干关键词“thegreatestrisk”，将信息点定位到原文第三段最后一句Menmaytrytheirhandatwritingwoman’sbodies,butaccordingtothefeministcritique,onlyawomanwhoseverybiologygaveheranedgecouldreadthesetextssuccessfully—apositionwhich,worstofall,riskedmarginalizationofwomen’sliteratureandtheory.（女性主义批评认为只有女性才能够解读女性写作的文本，而这一立场带来的最大的风险是将女性文学与理论边缘化）即可得出本题答案。

34.

细节事实题。根据题干关键词“delicatebalance”，将信息点定位到原文最后一段第三句“Lastlyandmostpromisinginitsachievementofadelicatebalancearedevelopmentsofanover-archinggendertheory,whichconsidersgender,bothmaleandfemale,asasocialconstructionbuiltonbiologicaldifferences.（最后，在实现微妙的平衡方面最有希望的是一种包罗万象的性别理论的发展，该理论认为性别，包括男性和女性，是建立在生理差异基础上的社会结构。）根据“considersgender”“socialconstructionbuiltonbiologicaldifferences”即可得出本题答案。

35.信息归纳题。本文主要关于女性文学评论的历史发展，根据原文第一段第一句Feministcriticshavelongdebatedtheextenttowhichgenderplaysaroleinthecreationandinterpretationoftexts.（长期以来，女权主义批评家一直在争论性别在文本的创作和解释中所起的作用。），最后一段的“adelicatebalance”即可得出本题答案。

4.单选题

Thepuritanarmyexecutedtheking,abolishedtheHouseofLords,andgottheHouseof

Commonsto（）Englanda"commonwealth",orrepublic.

问题1选项

A.proclaim

B.reclaim

C.exclaim

D.declaim

【答案】A

【解析】句意:清教徒军队处决了国王，废除了上议院，并让下议院宣布英格兰为“联邦”或共和国。

考查动词辨析。proclaim宣布；宣称；reclaim开拓；改造某人;exclaim呼喊；declaim演讲；朗读。空格处动词后面的句意为“英格兰为“联邦”或共和国”，因此A符合句意。

5.单选题

Youwillseethisproduct______whereveryougo.

问题1选项

A.advertise

B.advertising

C.tobeadvertised

D.advertised

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：无论你到哪里，都能看到这个产品的广告。当不定式用于表示感觉的动词feel,hear,notice,observe,see,watch,lookat,listento等作宾语补足语时,不定式必须省略to。根据谓语动词是see，横线部分是宾语product的宾补，确定省略to；根据产品和打广告是被动关系，确定用被动语态，D选项advertised符合题意。A选项advertise是动词原形；B选项advertising是现在分词形式；C选项tobeadvertised未省略to。因此D选项正确。

6.翻译题

Euthanasiaisclearlyadeliberateandintentionalaspectofakilling.Takingahumanlife,evenwithsubtleritesandconsentofthepartyinvolvedisbarbaric.Noonecanjustlykillanotherhumanbeing.(1)Justasitiswrongforaserialkillertomurder,itiswrongforaphysiciantodosoaswell,nomatterwhatthemotivefordoingsomaybe.

Manythinkers,includingalmostallorthodoxCatholics,believethateuthanasiaisimmoral.(2)Theyopposekillingpatientsinanycircumstanceswhatever.However,theythinkitisallright,insomespecialcircumstances,toallowpatientstodiebywithholdingtreatment.TheAmericanMedicalAssociation’spolicystatementonmercykillingsupportsthistraditionalview.Inmypaper“ActiveandPassiveEuthanasia”Iargue,againstthetraditionalview,thatthereisinfactnonormaldifferencebetweenkillingandlettingdie—ifoneispermissible,thensoistheother.

ProfessorSullivandoesnotdisputemyargument;insteadhedismissesitasirrelevant.Thetraditionaldoctrine,hesays,doesnotappealtoordependonthedistinctionbetweenkillingandlettingdie.Therefore,argumentsagainstthatdistinction“leavethetraditionalpositionuntouched”.

Ismyargumentreallyirrelevant?Idon’tseehowitcanbe.(3)AsSullivanhimselfpointsout,nearlyeveryoneholdsthatitissometimesmeaninglesstoprolongtheprocessofdyingandthatinthosecasesitismorallypermissibletoletapatientdieeventhoughafewmorehoursordayscouldbesavedbyproceduresthatwouldalsoincreasetheagoniesofthedying.Butifitisimpossibletodefendageneraldistinctionbetweenlettingpeopledieandactingtoterminatetheirlivesdirectly,thenitwouldseemthatactiveeuthanasiaalsomaybemorallypermissible.

(4)ButtraditionalistslikeProfessorSullivanholdthatactiveeuthanasia—thedirectkillingofpatients—isnotmorallypermissible;so,ifmyargumentissound,theirviewmustbemistaken.Icannotagree,then,thatmyargument“leavethetraditionalpositionuntouched”.

However,Ishallnotpressthispoint.InsteadIshallpresentsomefurtherargumentsagainstthetraditionalposition,concentratingonthoseelementsofthepositionwhichprofessorSullivanhimselfthinksmostimportant.(5)Accordingtohim,whatisimportantis,first,thatweshouldneverintentionallyterminatethelifeofapatient,eitherbyactionoromission,andsecond,thatwemayceaseoromittreatmentofapatient,knowingthatthiswillresultindeath,onlyifthemeansoftreatmentinvolvedareextraordinary.

【答案】1.就像连环杀手杀人是不对的一样，医生杀人也是不对的，不管其杀人的动机是什么。

2.他们反对在任何情况下杀死病人。然而，他们也认为，在某些特殊情况下，允许患者因拒绝治疗而死亡是没有问题的。

3.正如沙利文（Sullivan）自己指出的那样，几乎每个人都认为，延长死亡过程有时是毫无意义的，在这些情况下，让病人死去在道德上是允许的，虽然，他们通过手术可以多活几个小时或者几天，但是这个过程也会增加他们死亡的痛苦。

4.但是像沙利文（Sullivan）教授这样的传统主义者认为主动安乐死——直接杀死病人——在道德上是不允许的；所以，如果我的论点是正确的，那么他们的观点就一定是错误的。

5.根据他的说法，重要的是，首先，我们不应该故意结束一个病人的生命，不管是通过主动安乐死还是停止治疗；其次，明知停止或省略对病人的治疗将导致死亡，只有在涉及的治疗手段非常特殊的情况下，我们才可以这么做。

7.单选题

Thegovernment’sstrongactiondemonstratedits（）tocrushtherebellion.

问题1选项

A.energy

B.resistance

C.courage

D.determination

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项energy“能量；精力；活力”；B选项resistance“阻力；电阻；抵抗”；C选项courage“勇气；胆量”；D选项determination“决心”。句意：政府强有力的行动表明了它粉碎叛乱的决心。根据句中“strongaction强有力的行动”可知“决心”符合语境，因此D选项正确。

8.翻译题

1.ThecostofhealthcareisoneofthebiggestchallengesfacingtheUnitedStates,and,asmostpeopleknowfromexperience,drugpricesareagrowingpartoftheproblem.

2.Althoughdrugspendingrepresentsonly12percentoftotalhealthcosts，itisrisingatanannualrateof10to12percent—morethanfourtimestherateofinflation—andwillsoonovertakephysicianfeesasthesecondlargestpartofthehealth-carebill,alterhospitalizationcosts.Whyisthishappening?Unlikeotheradvancedcountries,theUnitesStatesdoesn’tregulatedrugcosts.

3.Privateinsurersbargainwithmanufacturersfordiscountsonthemedicinestheycover,butthedrugindustryhaslongstymiedsucheffortsbythefederalgovernment.TheresultisthatAmericanspayroughlytwiceasmuchasCanadiansorEuropeansforbrand-namemedications

4.Theproblemisreachingcrisisproportions—andwithoutboldreforms,itwillgetworse.Thepharmaceuticalindustryclaimsthathighpricesarenecessarytocoveritsresearchanddevelopmentcosts.5.Thetruthisthatin2002,thetop10Americandrugcompanieshadamedianprofitmarginof17percent,comparedwithlessthan3.1percentfortheotherFortune500industries.

【答案】1.医疗保健费用是美国面临的最大挑战之一，而且，正如大多数人从经验中知道的那样，药价是问题日益严重的一部分。

2.虽然药物支出仅占总医疗费用的12%，年率上升10%到12%——超过通货膨胀率的四倍，很快就会超越医生诊疗费用，成为第二大医疗保健法案的一部分，改变住院费用。

3.私人保险公司与制造商讨价还价，争取他们承保的药品的折扣，但制药业长期以来一直阻挠联邦政府的这类努力。

4.这个问题正达到危机的程度——如果不进行大胆的改革，它将变得更糟。

5.事实是，2002年，美国前十大制药公司的利润率中值为17%，而其他财富500强行业的利润率中值不到3.1%。

9.填空题

Psychologiststakecontrastiveviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists（1）researchtherelationbetweenactionsandtheirconsequencesarguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschool.Cognitiveresearchers,whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintain（2）rewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependence（3）approvalandgiftsfromothers.

Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,especiallyamongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmallmonetaryrewardssparks（4）ingrade-schoolchildren,suggestingthatproperlypresentedinducementsindeedaidinventiveness,（5）toastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.

“Ifkidsknowthey’reworkingfora（6）andcanfocusonarelativelychallengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity’’，saysRobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark.“Butit’seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewardsfor（7）performanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards.”

Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesforordinaryachievementendsupwithdiscouragedstudents,Eisenbergerholds（8）anexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsandrestorefailing（9）.

Inearliergrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomies,in（10）studentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstoward,showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.

【答案】（1）who

（2）that

（3）on

（4）creativity

（5）according

（6）reward

（7）poor

（8）As

（9）grades

（10）which

【解析】（1）语法题。考查定语从句。此空后的句子为定语从句，先行词为“Behaviorists”，所以应填关系代词who，引导修饰人的定语从句。

（2）语法题。考查宾语从句。空后的内容为maintain的宾语，应填一个可引导宾语从句的词。而且上文的宾语从句“arguethat...”也可以推断出本空填"that。

（3）固定搭配。固定短语dependon意为“依赖，依靠”，其名词形式dependence也需要跟介词on。

（4）语义连接。本文是在讲述奖励、表扬与创造性的关系，此句意为“但是小心地使用小量的金钱报酬能激起分级学校孩子们的”第一段中提到“destroycreativity”,因此该空格处应填“creativity”。

（5）固定搭配。According填在空格处,句意为：根据一项个性与社会心理学的六月杂志的研究。

（6）语义连接。本文讲奖励与创造性的关系，此句意为“如果孩子们知道他们在为工作。”显然，此空处应填“reward”(奖励)。

（7）语义连接。推测此句意为“但是如果奖励表现不好的,或者制造过高的对创造力的奖励期望值,这很容易扼杀创造性。因此此处填poor比较合适。

（8）语义连接。此句意为作为后一种观点的例子”。

（9）语义连接。前句句意:给平常成绩的学生打高分的老师，最终会使学生泄气。此句句意:他指出，各大学在严格控制评分标准和恢复不及格成绩方面做出越来越多的努力。此处应填grade的复数形式。

（10）语法题。考查定语从句。此空后的句子应为定语从句，先行词为“tokeneconomies”，故此空应填一个可引导定语从句的关系词，而且空格前面有介词in,故只能填“which”。

10.填空题

Directions:BlowispassagefromaguidegivingadvicetoforeignnationalslivinginBritain.ReadthepassagethenfillineachgapwithONEwordfromtheboxbelowthepassage.WriteyouranswersinthespacesonANSWEERSHEET.Thefirstonehasbeendoneasanexample.

LosingyourpassportIfsomethinghashappenedtoyourpassport,informyourembassyatonceandaskthemtotellyouallthedocumentsthatyouwillneedtoproducetobe(Example)withanewone.Thisismostimportantbecausesomeembassiesrequireextensivedocumentaryproofofnationality,aswellasproofofidentity,suchasdrivinglicense,orcreditcards.Sotakecarethatyouarenotwastingtimeandmoneywhenyoucanleast66either.Ifyourpassporthasbeenlostorstolen,yourembassywillwantyoutoreporttheincidenttothepoliceassoonaspossible.Whenyoudoso,askforthepolicereferencenumberofyourcaseasmanyoftheembassiesfindthisusefulinfollowingupyour67__.

Similarly,takeyourpassportnumberwithyoutotheembassy,asthiswillaccelerateyourcase.Thesizeandnumberofthephotographsthatyouwillneedwill68onyourembassy,andsomemayevenrecommendaphotographer,Youshouldalsoconfirmwithembassyofficialshowmuchyouwillhavetopayandalsoinwhat69itistobepaid.

Someoftheembassiesarepreparedtoissueon-the-spotemergencypassports,requiringnomorethanyouroathtoclaimyour70__,butasaprecautionyoushouldinvestigatetherequirementsbeforeyouareactuallyforcedtomakeanemergencyrequest.

【答案】66.afford

67.claim

68.depend

69.currency

70.identity

【解析】66.从前面的情态动词can可知，此处应该填入一个动词；根据…takecarethatyouarenotwastingtimeandmoney（注意不要浪费时间和金钱）得出，这里应该填入一个可以和time和money搭配的动词，因此afford最合适，表示“给予，提供，买得起”。

67.此处应该填入一个名词；根据…askforthepolicereferencenumberofyourcaseasmanyoftheembassiesfindthisusefulinfollowingupyour…（向警方询问你的案件编号，因为许多大使馆发现这对跟进你的……很有帮助）得出，这里应该填入表示“需求”的单词，因此claim最合适，表示“要求”。

68.此处应该填入一个动词；根据Thesizeandnumberofthephotographsthatyouwillneedwill…onyourembassy,andsomemayevenrecommendaphotographer（你需要的照片的大小和数量将……你的大使馆，有些大使馆甚至会推荐一个摄影师）得出，这里应该填入表示“取决于”的动词，因此depend最合适，构成短语dependon（取决于）。

69.此处应该填入一个名词；根据Youshouldalsoconfirmwithembassyofficialshowmuchyouwillhavetopayandalsoinwhat…itistobepaid（你还应该向大使馆官员确认你需要支付多少钱，以及以……支付）得出，这里应该是表示货币形式，因此currency正确。

70.此处应该填入一个名词；整篇文章都在讲述办理护照的一个关键是对自己身份的证明，那么根据Someoftheembassiesarepreparedtoissueon-the-spotemergencypassports,requiringnomorethanyouroathtoclaimyour…（有些大使馆准备在紧急情况下签发现场护照，只需要你对……进行宣誓就可以领取）得出，这里应该是填入“身份”，因此identity正确。

11.单选题

Ifeveragain______anaccidentlikethat,we’llhaveonlyourselvestoblame.

问题1选项

A.therehappens

B.therecomes

C.therearises

D.thereseems

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项happen“发生”，B项come“来，开始，发生”，C项arise“出现，上升”，D项seem“似乎，像是”。句式是therebe句型的变体，句子的主语是anaccidentlikethat“像那样的事故”，可以排除C、D选项；B项come表示“事情发生”一般和about搭配，comeabout表示“发生，产生”；A项通常指偶然或突发性事件，所以A项符合语境。句意：如果再发生这样的事故，我们只能怪自己。因此，该题选择A项正确。

12.单选题

Hewasveryintelligent,buthe（）therequirementforamanager.

问题1选项

A.fellshortof

B.ranshortof

C.ranoutof

D.frozeoutof

【答案】A

【解析】动词词组辨析。fellshortof达不到,缺乏;ranshortof快用完了;ranoutof用完;frozeoutof不是词组。句意：他很聪明,但达不到管理职位的要求。选项A符合句意。

13.填空题

IranintoWangTaoandLiSan（1）thetradefairinMunbaiinFebruary.I（2）seenthemsince2007（3）ofthemliketheirnewjobs,but（4）wantstostayinShenzhenmuchlonger.

【答案】1.at

2.Haven’t

3.Both

4.neither

【解析】1.语法题。此处应该用介词at。Atthetradefair在交易会上。

2.

语法题。此处有提示词since,所以此处表示

“自从2007年来,就没见过他们了”,因此用现在完成时的否定haven’t

done。

3.语义题。此处填both(两者都…)符合句意。

4.语义题。Neither表示“都不”。

14.单选题

WhenIsaidgoodbyetoher,she______thedoor.

问题1选项

A.sawmeat

B.setmeoff

C.sentmeto

D.showedmeto

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A项seemeat没有这个结构，B项setsb.off“使某人开始做某事”，C项sendsb.to“把某人送到某地”，D项showsb.tothedoor“把某人送到门口”。结合句子的意思可知D项符合语境。句意：当我向她说再见时，她把我送到门口。因此，该题选择D项正确。

15.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese

Thedebateaboutgovernment’ssuccessesandfailuresdemonstratesagainthatdrawingtheboundarybetweenmarketandgovernmentisanenduringproblem.Thetoolsofeconomicsareindispensabletohelpsocietiesfindthegoldenmeanbetweenlaissez-fairemarketmechanismsanddemocraticrulesoftheroad.Thegoodmixedeconomyis,perforce,thelimitedmixedeconomy.Butthosewhowouldreducegovernmenttotheconstableplusafewlighthousesarelivinginadreamworld.Anefficientandhumanesocietyrequiresbothhalvesofthemixedsystem—marketandgovernment.Operatingamodemeconomywithoutbothisliketryingtoclapwithonehand.

【答案】关于政府的成功与失败的讨论再次表明，划清市场与政府之间的界限是一个长期存在的问题。经济学工具是帮助社会找到自由放任的市场机制和民主的道路规则之间中庸之道不可缺少的。良好的混合经济必然是有限的混合经济。但是那些把政府降为警察和几座灯塔的人正生活在一个梦幻世界里。一个高效的、人道的社会需要混合系统的两部分—市场和政府。在没有两者的情况下经营现代经济，就像试图用一只手鼓掌一样。

16.单选题

Theshipwas（

）inastormoffJamaica.

问题1选项

A.drowned

B.immerged

C.wrecked

D.submitted

【答案】C

【解析】drown淹死，溺死；immerge浸入，浸没；wreck失事；submit使服从。句意：这艘船在离开牙买加的时候，在暴风雨中失事了。选项C符合句意。

17.单选题

Eatingdisordershavebeenmostcommonlyassociatedwithwomenandthereforemoststudiesonanorexianervosahavebeenconcentratedwithinthefemalepopulation.Suchgenderbiashowevermakesitlesslikelythatadoctorwilldiagnoseamaleashavinganeatingdisorderoranorexianervosaeventhoughthesymptomsmightbeidentical.

Menarefarlesslikelytodiscussaneatingdisorderwithothermenorwithwomen.Theirdoctorsaremorelikelytodiagnosethemashavingaboutofdepressionduetostressorsomekindofupsetratherthansufferingfromaneatingdisorderbecausesuchdisordershavebeenlargelylabeledfemalediseases.Thisismostlyduetoculturaldifferencesbetweenmenandwomen.

Discussionsaboutbeauty,newdietsandbodyweightareseenasthefemalearenaofdiscussionthatmalesseldomenter.Also,traditionallymen’sbeautyisdisplayedinbodymass,buildingmuscle,andbodybuildingandthereforetodiscussissuessurroundingweightlossisnotseenasparticularlymasculinebecausemen“Don’thavepsychologicalproblems”and“Don’ttalkabouttheirfeelings”eventhoughmendosufferfromanorexia.

ThediseaseisfarmorecommonintheWesternworldthananywhereelseandthereismuchcauseforconcernasrecentresearchsuggeststhatthediseaseisontheincrease.Thediseasemostlymanifestsitselfduringadolescencewhenthesignsofobviousweightlossbecomeapparent.Peoplewhosufferfromthediseasehaveagenuineandconstantterrifyingfearofgainingweight,evenwhentheirweightismuchlessthanpeopleoftheirsameheightandstature.

Doctorshavebeenabletocharacterizethediseasebecausethesufferer’sbodyweightisabout15%belowaveragefortheirheight.Suffersalsotendtoavoidfattyfoods,uselaxatives,diureticsorengageinexcessiveexercise.Becausepeopleliveinaworldobsessedwithimageandafashionandcosmeticsindustrythatforcesanimageoftheidealbody,itcansometimesbedifficulttodistinguishbetweenanorexicsandthosewhohaveahigherinterestintheirphysicalappearancethanmostpeople.Anorexicscanbedistinguishedfromnon-anorexicsbecauseweightlossiscompletelyself-inducedvomitinguntileventuallythesituationfastgetsoutofcontrol.

Sufferersarealsocompletelypreoccupiedwiththeirbodiesandactuallybelievethemselvestobefatwheninrealitytheyaremalnourishedandstarklythinnerthantheirpeers.Theyalsobegintoloseinterestinactivitiestheirpeersareinvolvedinsuchassocializingandveryoftenbecomewithdrawn.Thesearecommonsymptomsinmanyadolescentsbutcoupledwiththeobviousanddrasticweightlossandlackofconcentrationitiseasiertodiagnoseanadolescentwiththebeginningstagesofanorexia.

Theactualcauseofthediseaseisunknownbutscientistsbelievethatbiologicalandsocialfactorsplayaroleandsometimesthediseasecanbetriggeredbytraumaticeventssuchasadeathinthefamily,stressortheonsetofpuberty.

Whileitistruethatmostsufferersofthediseasearefemale,some10%aremale.Studiesshowthattherearedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemaleanorexics.Femalesuffererstendtoviewthemselvesasfatter,moreoverweightthanmaleswiththesamecondition.Malestendtoengageinlessself-inducedvomiting,takefewerlaxativesanddiuretics,aremoremotivationbuthavemorephysicalcomplaints.Ithasalsobeensuggestedthatthereisalinkbetweenhomosexualityandmalesafflictedbythedisease.Theactualfigureisunknownanditisimportanttounderstandthatsuchalinkdoesnotindicatethatallmalesufferersofanorexianervosaoreatingdisorderarehomosexual.Alsotheretendstobeahigherrateinsuicideattemptsinmalesufferers.Thebiggestproblem,however,isdiagnosingmaleanorexiaoreatingdisorderbecauseofthecommonbeliefthatsuchdiseasesareessentiallyfemalealthoughthemedicalprofessionismoreawareofmaleanorexiathaneverbefore.

Suffererscangomanyyearswithouttreatmentbuteventuallysuffererslosemorebodyweight,asmuchas25%-30%,whichleadstochronicillnessandevendeath.Themortalityrateisashighas5%.Othersareluckybecausesometimestheonsetofthediseasecantemporarilycompleterecovery.

Thereistreatmentforsufferersofthisterribledisease.Insomecasessufferersaretreatedbymedication,usuallywhenthediseaseisaccompaniedbyseveredepression.Usuallythough,sufferersarereferredtoapsychologistoratherapistandareencouragedtojoinself-helpgroupsandarecounseledbypeoplewhohavefirst-handexperienceofthediseasethemselves.

1.Whymightadoctorwronglydiagnoseaneatingdisorderinmalesasstressrelated?

2.Inparagraph3,whydoestheauthorinferthatmalebeautyisdifferentfromfemalebeauty?

3.Inparagraph5,whydoestheauthorsaythatit’ssometi