考研考博-英语-北京语言大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京语言大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Oneoftheimportantpropertiesofascientifictheoryisitsabilitiesto（）furtherresearchandfurtherthinkingaboutaparticulartopic.

问题1选项

A.stimulate

B.renovate

C.invent

D.advocate

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。stimulate“起刺激作用”；renovate“更新；修复”；invent“发明，创造”；advocate“提倡；拥护”。“科学理论的一个重要特征”与后面的“进一步研究”“更深层次的思考”的关系是前者“促进”后者的发生，因此选项A符合题意。

2.单选题

People’sattitudetowardsdrugsvariesfrompersontoperson.Some__51__themasmiraculous;othersthinkofthemasdangerous.Thenwhatisthesensibleattitudetowarddrugs?

Ithinkthefirstthingtothinkaboutisthedifferencebetweendrugsandwonderdrugs.Theantibioticscanreally__52__certainbacterialdiseases.Ontheotherhand,themajordiseasesthreateningAmericanstodayarecancer,stroke,highbloodpressure,coronarydiseaseandetc.__53__them,thedoctor’sbagoftricksislimited.Hehasnowonderdrugs.

Sothefirstimportantlessonisnotto__54__toomuchfromdrugs.Ifyoucanacceptthefactthatthewaragainstmanyofourmostdevastatingdiseasesis,at__55__aholdingoperationratherthananinevitabletriumph,itwill__56__agreatdealtoeaseyourlifeaswellasthatofyourdoctor.Toomany__57__exertgreatpressuresondoctorstoprescribeforeverysmallsymptom,evenwhensuchtreatmentisunwarrantedordangerous.

Unfortunately,themedicalprofessionisguiltyoftakingpart,toacertain__58__,inthewrongfulaction.Thepatientwhodemandsashotofpenicillinforeverysniffleandsneezemaybe__59__theinjectionbyareluctant__60__becauseheiscertainthatifhedoesnot,thepatientwillsearchuntilhefindsadoctorwhowill.

问题1选项

A.regard

B.regards

C.regarded

D.regarding

问题2选项

A.care

B.treat

C.cure

D.deal

问题3选项

A.Toward

B.Pro

C.Against

D.Dealing

问题4选项

A.expect

B.except

C.expert

D.express

问题5选项

A.last

B.least

C.best

D.worst

问题6选项

A.make

B.do

C.take

D.have

问题7选项

A.patience

B.patient

C.patienthood

D.patients

问题8选项

A.extent

B.extension

C.extensive

D.extend

问题9选项

A.taken

B.fetched

C.given

D.done

问题10选项

A.physical

B.physic

C.physics

D.physician

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

第6题:B

第7题:D

第8题:A

第9题:C

第10题:D

【解析】51.考查时态。A选项regard“认为”，一般现在时；B选项regards，第三人称单数的一般现在时；C选项regarded，一般过去时；D选项regarding，现在分词形式，不能单独做谓语。本题所在分句没有动词，则空格处应填入一个谓语动词，主语为Some“一些（人）”，排除B、D选项；根据后一个分句谓语thinkof“认为”判断，该处为一般现在时，且全文基本为一般现在时，排除B选项。因此，本题最佳选项为A。

52.考查动词辨析。A选项care“照顾；关心；顾虑”；B选项treat“治疗”，强调过程；C选项cure“治好”，强调结果；D选项deal“贩毒；发牌”，搭配介词with，构成短语dealwith才有“处理，对付”的意思。句意：抗生素确实可以____某些细菌性疾病。抗生素可以用于某些细菌性疾病，强调结果，把病治好。因此，本题最佳选项为C。

53.考查介词辨析与上下文语义。A选项toward“向；对（某事的态度）；（时间上）接近”；B选项pro“支持，赞成”；C选项against“反对；防备（令人不快的或有害的事物）”；D选项dealing“商业往来，交易”。句意：____它们，医生的手段是有限的。根据句意，此处应该是指治疗这些疾病（不是指对它们的态度），医生们的手段有限。C选项最符合语境，D选项搭配介词with，构成短语dealwith才有“处理，对付”的意思。因此，本题最佳选项为C。

54.考查形近词辨析。A选项expect“期望，动词”；B选项except“除……以外，介词”；C选项expert“专家，名词”；D选项express“表达，动词”。句意：第一个重要的教训是不要对药品____太多。根据句意，“期望”最符合语义，本题解题的关键在于区别形近词。因此，本题最佳选项为A。

55.考查固定搭配与上下文语义。A选项atlast“最终”；B选项atleast“至少”；C选项atbest“最多，充其量”，用于在情况很糟糕的时候，可能发生的最好的事情；D选项atworst“在最坏的情况下”。句意：对抗许多最具毁灭性疾病的战争____是一场维持现状的行动，而不是必然的胜利。原句想表达的是，在面对很多毁灭性的疾病的时候，能发生的最好的情况也只是维持现状，“充其量”与句意最搭配。因此，本题最佳选项为C。

56.考查固定搭配与上下文语义。A选项make“制作；使得”；B选项do“做”；C选项take“占据；拿”；D选项have“有”。句意：如果你能接受这样一个事实，即……的话，这将对减轻你和你的医生的生活负担____很多。根据句意，接受某个事实可以帮助减轻你和你的医生的生活负担。B选项doagreatdealto做了很多，最符合句意，可引申为“有助于”。干扰选项Amakeagreatdeal意为“做了一笔大买卖”，或者makeagreatdealoutofsth“小题大做”，总之没有“做了很多，有帮助”的意思。因此，本题最佳选项为B。

57.考查形近词辨析。A选项patience“耐心，名词”；B选项patient“病人，单数名词；有耐心的，形容词”；C选项patienthood“病态心理，名词”；D选项patients“病人，名词复数”。句意：太多的____对医生施加了巨大的压力……。根据句意，空格处应填入名词病人；原文空格前有many，所以填入的应为复数名词。因此，本题最佳选项为D。

58.考查固定搭配与上下文语义。A选项extent“程度，名词”；B选项extension“拓展，延伸，名词”；C选项extensive“广泛的；大量的，形容词”；D选项extend“延伸，动词”。句意：医务人员，____，犯有参与不法行为的罪行。“toacertain____”在原文中做插入语，固定搭配toacertainextent意为“在某种程度上”。因此，本题最佳选项为A。

59.考查固定搭配与上下文语义。A选项taken“拿”；B选项fetched“取来”；C选项given“给”；D选项done“做”。句意：每次打喷嚏就要打一针青霉素的病人可能被____注射。不考虑空格处的词，句子也能表达完整的语义，“注射；打针”从医生的角度说是“giveaninjection”,从病人的角度说是“have/takeaninjection”。原文主语为病人，但用了被动语态，所以用动词用“give”更合适。因此，本题最佳选项为C。

60.考查形近词辨析。A选项physical“物理的，形容词”；B选项physic“药物，名词；给病人服药，动词”；C选项physics“物理学，名词”；D选项physician“医生，内科医生，名词复数”。句意：被一个不情愿的____注射，根据句意和上下文，此处应该填医生。因此，本题最佳选项为D。

3.单选题

TerryWolfischColemayseemlikeanordinary40-year-oldmom,butherneighborsknowthetruth:She’soneofthe“PodPeople.”Atthesupermarketshewanderstheaislesinaself-containedbubble,thankstoheriPoddigitalmusicplayer.Throughthoselittlewhiteearbuds,WolfischColelistenstoaplaylistmixedbyherfavoritediscpresenter—herself.

Athome,whenthekidsaretuckedaway,WolfischColeoftenescapestoanothersolomediapod—butinthisone,she’stransmittinginsteadofjustreceiving.Onhercomputerweblog,or“blog”,shetypesanonlinejournalchroniclingdailynewsofherlife,thensharesitallwiththeWeb.

WolfischCole—whoalsogetsherdailynewscustomizedofftheInternetandwhosedigitalvideorecorder(DVR)scansthroughthetelevisionwastelandtofindandrecordshowsthatsuithertastes—ispartofanewbreedofpeoplewhoarefiltering,shapingandevencreatingmediaforthemselves.Theyareincreasinglyturningtheirbacksontheestablishedsystemofmassmediathathasprovidednewsandentertainmentforthepasthalf-century.They’vejoinedtheexploding“iMedia”revolution,puttingthepowerofmediainthehandsofordinarypeople.

ThetoolsofthemovementconsistofabubblingstewofnewtechnologiesthatincludeiPods,blogs,podcasts,DVRs,customizedonlinenewspapers,andsatelliteradio.

DevoteesofiMediarunthegamut(范围)fromthe89-year-oldNewYorkgrandmother,knownasBubby,whohastakenupbloggingtoshareherworldlyadvice,to11-year-oldDylanVerdiofTexas,whohasstartedbroadcastingherownhomemadeTVshowor“vlog”,forvideoweblog.InbetweenarecountlessiMediaenthusiastslikeRogiervanBakel,44,ofMaine,whoblogsatnight,readsaWeb—customizednewspageinthemorning,travelswithhisfullyloadediPodandcomeshometowatchwhatevertheDVRhaschosenforhim.

“Iftheoldmediamodelwasbroadcasting,thisnewphenomenonmightbecalledego-casting,”saysChristineRosen,afellowwiththeEthicsandPublicPolicyCenter.“Thetermfits,”shesays,“becausethetrendisallaboutme-me-media—theideaistogetexactlywhatyouwant,whenandwhereyouwantit.”

RosenandotherstracethebeginningsoftheiMediarevolutiontotheinventionoftheTVremote,whichmarkedthefirstsubtleshiftofmediacontrolawayfrombroadcastersandintothehandsoftheaveragecouchpotato.Itenabledviewerstovotewiththeirthumbs-makingiteasiertoabandondullprogramsandavoidcommercials.Withtheproliferation(激增)ofcableTVchannelsinthelate1980sfollowedbythemid-1990sarrivaloftheInternet,controllingmediainputwasn’tjustaluxury.“Controlhasbecomeanecessity,”saysBillRose,“Withoutit,there’snowaytosortthroughalltheoptionsthatarebecomingavailable.”

36.WhoisTerryWolfischColeprobablyaccordingtothepassage?（）

37.Whichofthefollowingisthecharacteristicofthenewbreedofpeopleaccordingtothepassage?（）

38.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthedevoteesofiMediafromthepassage?（）

39.Accordingtothepassage,ChristineRosencallstheiMediarevolutionego-castingbecause（）.

40.WhywastheinventionoftheTVremoteimportantaccordingtothepassage?（）

问题1选项

A.Amiddle-agedhousewife.

B.Asaleswomaninthesupermarket.

C.Adiscpresenter.

D.Anonlinenewswriter.

问题2选项

A.Theyprovidenewsandentertainmentforthepublic.

B.TheyhavestartedtheiMediarevolution.

C.Theyhavehelpedordinarypeoplecontrolmedia.

D.Theychoosewhattolistentoorwatchbythemselves.

问题3选项

A.Theyareeitherveryoldorveryyoung.

B.Theyconsistofpeopleofallages.

C.TheyarelocatedinNewYork,TexasandMaine.

D.Theysharethesameinterests.

问题4选项

A.peopleshowthemselvesinthemedia

B.peoplegettheirneedsformediamet

C.peoplecanwatchwhatevertheylike

D.itistheinventionofanindividual

问题5选项

A.Becauseitenabledordinarypeopletocontrolmediatosomeextent.

B.BecauseitmademorecableTVchannelsavailabletopeople.

C.BecauseitledtotheinventionofInternetinthe1990s.

D.Becauseitmadelifeeasierforcouchpotatoes.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】36.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干纵观全文，从文章可以看出TerryWolfischCole只是一个善于利用网络分享自己日常生活和利用网络便利自己日常生活的普通家庭主妇。本题可用排除法解答，A选项“一个中年家庭主妇”符合题意；B选项“超市售货员”文中没有提到，所以排除；C选项“唱片主持人”，根据第一段的内容可知此段最后一句中提到的discpresenter只是一个比喻，而并不是她的真实身份，所以排除C选项；D选项“在线新闻作家”，真正的在线新闻作家并不会只写自己的生活日常。因此A选项正确。

37.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干定位到第三段第一句“WolfischCole…ispartofanewbreedofpeoplewhoarefiltering,shapingandevencreatingmediaforthemselves.（WolfischCole……是一群为自己过滤、塑造甚至创造媒体的新群体中的一员。）”。A选项“他们为公众提供新闻和娱乐”与事实不符，这些新群体并不是为公众提供新闻和娱乐，而是制定符合他们自己口味的新闻；B选项“他们开启了媒体革命”，不正确，根据文章，媒体革命源于电视遥控器的发明；C选项“他们帮助普通人控制媒体”文中没有提到；D选项“他们自己选择听或看什么”符合题意，因此D选项正确。

38.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到文章第五段，该段落分别选择了老、中、青三个年龄阶段的典型人物来说明iMedia的拥护者包括了从老年到少年各个年龄阶段的人。A选项“他们要么很老，要么很年轻”说法错误，忽略了来自缅甸的44岁的RogierVanBakel这种中年人。B选项“他们由各个年龄层的人组成”符合段意；C选项“他们位于纽约，德克萨斯和缅因州”说法太绝对，文中只是拿来自这几个地方的人举例子，并不代表全部；D选项“他们有共同的兴趣”文中没有提到。因此B选项正确。

39.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到文章第六段第二句：“Thetermfits”,shesays,“becausethetrendisallaboutme-me-media—theideaistogetexactlywhatyouwant,whenandwhereyouwantit.”（她表示：“这个词很合适，因为现在的趋势都是关于‘我-我-媒体’——其理念是在你想要的时间和地点得到你想要的东西。”）。A选项“人们在媒体上展示自己”与段意不符；B选项“人们通过媒体满足了自己需求”符合段意；C选项“人们可以看他们喜欢的任何节目”和D选项“它是一种个人的发明”文中都没有提到，因此B选项正确。

40.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题意可定位到文章最后一段的第一句“RosenandotherstracethebeginningsoftheiMediarevolutiontotheinventionoftheTVremote,whichmarkedthefirstsubtleshiftofmediacontrolawayfrombroadcastersandintothehandsoftheaveragecouchpotato（Rosen等人将iMedia革命的开端追溯到电视遥控器的发明，这标志着媒体控制从广播公司转移到普通电视迷手中的第一次微妙转变。）”，由此可推断出电视遥控器的出现使人们或多或少地拥有了媒体的掌控权。A选项“因为它在一定程度上使普通人能够控制媒体”符合段意；B选项“因为它为人们提供了更多的有线电视频道”，互联网是有线电视频道变多的原因；C选项“因为它导致了20世纪90年代互联网的发明”，遥控器并不是互联网发明的原因；D选项“因为它使电视迷的生活更容易了”说法太片面，便利了电视迷的生活并不是遥控器重要的意义所在，因此A选项正确。

4.单选题

CharlesWeiss,programdirectorofscienceandinternationalaffairsatGeorgetownUniversityinWashingtonD.C.,wasthebank’sscienceadviserintheearly1980s.hebelievesthislatestattempttogetthebankthinkingaboutsciencehasmorechanceofsucceedingthanhisownefforts.This,hesays,ispartlybecausetheyhavethesupportofseniorexecutives,particularlyJamesWolfensohn,thebank’spresident,andpartlybecausethebankisnowbeentopromoteknowledge-baseddevelopment.

Unusuallyforalendinginstitution,theWorldBankpossessesworld-classexpertiseontheprojectsandtheregionswhereitlendsmoney.Ofits8000staff,3000haveaPhD-levelqualification,andmanyofthesearetop-rankedresearchersheadhuntedfromuniversities.Thequantityandqualityofthebank'sresearchisconsistentlyhigh.

Butthismoreanalyticalaspectofthebank’sworkhasalwaysbeenovershadowedbyitslendingarm-knownasoperations—whichhasgenerallyconsideredresearchtobeafunctionoflending,ratherthananactivityinitsownright.In1987,halfoftheresearchstaffweresenttoworkoperations.

Thistensionbetweentheresearchandlendingwingsremains,andisoneofseveralchallengesthatwillneedtobeovercomeifthenewstrategyistobearfruit.Inparticular,theneedforanewdepartmentforscienceisbeingquestionedbysomewhodonotwanttoseescienceconfinedtoaghettoandthinkitshouldbepartofthelendingportfolioofallofthebank'sdepartments.

Someoperationsstaffhaveyettobeconvincedofthemeritsofraisingthebank’sresearchprofileorfundingresearchindevelopingcountries.Theybelievethatmoreattentionshouldbepaidtoconventionalinfrastructureneedsinpoorercountrieswhich,becauseoflowcreditratings,willhavelittleaccesstoprivatecapital.

Thereactionfromdevelopingcountrieswillbeanimportanttestofthenewstrategy.TherichercountriesofSoutheastAsia,LatinAmerica,NorthAfricaandtheMiddleEastarelikelytobemorereceptivethanpoorercountries,particularlyinsub-SaharanAfrica,wherethebankisnotpopular,andwherealmost50percentofbank-assistedprojectshavefailedduringthisdecade.

1.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtoParagraph1?

2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat().

3.Oneofthechallengesforraisingthehank’sresearchprofileliesin().

4.Theword“infrastructure”(Paragraph5)mostprobablyrefersto().

5.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe().

问题1选项

A.TheWorldBankusedtoattachimportancetoresearchintheearly1980s.

B.Thebank’sseniorexecutivesareinfavorofCharlesWeiss’spromotion.

C.Thebankisnowkeentoestablishanewdepartmentforscience.

D.JamesWolfensohnisthinkingaboututilizingthebank’sresearchresources.

问题2选项

A.top-rankedresearcherswereeagertoworkinoperations

B.thelendingwingisreluctanttoconsiderresearchasanindependentactivity

C.thenewstrategyhashadasuccessfulresultinsomedevelopedcountries

D.sciencehaslongbeenovershadowedbecausethebank’sresearchworkwasnotefficient

问题3选项

A.lackofinvestmentinscience

B.thereactionfromseniorexecutives

C.thelendingwing’snegativeattitude

D.lowcreditratings

问题4选项

A.thebasicfacilities,services,andinstallations

B.theinterrelationorarrangementofpartsinacomplexentity

C.anunderlyingbaseorfoundation

D.somethingconstructed

问题5选项

A.ResearchPortfoliooftheWorldBank

B.ANewStrategyoftheWorldBank

C.TensionbetweenTwoWings

D.LendingOperationsinDevelopingCountries

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段的第二句“hebelievesthislatestattempttogetthebankthinkingaboutsciencehasmorechanceofsucceedingthanhisownefforts.”他相信,这一使银行思考科学的最新尝试比他自己的努力更有可能成功。说明银行想要建立一个新的科学部门。选项C符合原文。选项B高管不是支持Charles的晋升,而是支持他的研究,所以表述错误。选项A和D在第一段没有提及。

2.选项A文中只提到“In1987,halfoftheresearchstaffweresenttoworkoperations.”一半的研究人员被派往业务部门工作,并没有提到是他们想去的,所以表述错误；根据最后一段的内容可知,发展中国家的反应将是对新战略的重要考验。因为在相对贫穷的国家,近50%的世行援助项目在这十年中都失败了。所以选项C错误；根据第三段的第一句“Butthis...byitslendingarm-knownasoperations”不是因为研究工作的效率不高,而是因为业务部门认为研究是贷款的一种功能,而不是一项独立的活动。所以选项D错误,选项B正确。

3.根据第五段的最后一句“becauseoflowcreditratings,willhavelittleaccesstoprivatecapital.”因为这些国家的信用评级较低,很难获得私人资本。选项D正确。。

4.infrastructure指基础的设施设备和服务,选项A正确。

5.文章主要讲的是世界银行的新战略以及战略目前面临的困境,选项B符合原文。选项C描述太广泛,不是很恰当。选项A和D都是小片段,所以也不正确。

5.单选题

ProfessorSmithhasalreadyretired,buthisteachingsstill（）stronginfluenceonhisstudents.

问题1选项

A.execute

B.forsake

C.exert

D.forge

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。execute“实行，执行；处死”；forsake“放弃”；exert“运用，发挥；施以影响”；forge“锻造”。句意：Smith教授已经退休了，但是他的教导依然在他的学生中产生重大影响。选项C符合题意。

6.单选题

Myfriend[A]teachesEnglish,[B]literatureand[C]towriteatthe[D]stateuniversity.

问题1选项

A.teaches

B.literature

C.towrite

D.stateuniversity

【答案】C

【解析】【考查点】搭配。

【解题思路】分析句子可知，English（英语）、literature（文学）和towrite（写作）都是并列的宾语成分，应该统一为名词，所以towrite应该改为writing。

【句意】我的朋友在州立大学教英语、文学和写作。

7.单选题

Shespokeso______attheconference,asthoughthesaidissuewasoflittleimportance.

问题1选项

A.seriously

B.casually

C.stubbornly

D.comically

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词解析。A选项seriously“认真地；严重地，严肃地”；B选项casually“随便地；偶然地；临时地”；C选项stubbornly“倔强地；顽固地；顽强地；固执地”；D选项comically“滑稽地；诙谐地”。句意：她在会议上讲话那么随便，好像那个问题不重要似的。因此B选项正确。

8.单选题

Shoppingforclothesisnotthesameexperienceforamanasitisforawoman.Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneedssomething.Hispurposeissettledanddecidedinadvance.Heknowswhathewantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.Allmensimplywalkintoashopandasktheassistantforwhattheywant.Iftheshophasitinstockthesalesmanpromptlyproducesit,andthebusinessoftryingiton,proceedsatonce.Allbeingwell,thedealcanbeandofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes,withhardlyanychatandtoeveryone'ssatisfaction.

Foraman,slightproblemsmaybeginwhentheshopdoesnothavewhathewants,ordoesnothaveexactlywhathewants.Inthatcasethesalesman,asthenameimplies,triestosellthecustomersomethingelse—heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.Nogoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutebluntly,hedoessowithskillandpolish."Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwant,sir,butwouldyouliketotryitforsize?Ithappenstobethecoloryoumentioned."Fewmenhavepatiencewiththistreatment,andtheusualresponseis"Thisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsize,butIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursbytryingiton."

Nowhowdoesawomangoaboutbuyingclothes?Inalmosteveryrespectshedoessointheoppositeway.Hershoppingisnotoftenbasedonneed.Shehasneverfullymadeuphermindwhatshewants,andsheisonly"havingalookaround".Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesetsgreatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsher,evenbywhatcompanionstellher.Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.Contrarytoalotofjokes;mostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvaluewhentheybuyclothes.Theyarealwaysonthelook-outfortheunexpectedbargain.Facedwitharoomfulofdresses,awomanmayeasilyspendanhourgoingfromonerailtoanother,toandfro,oftenretracinghersteps,beforeselectingthedressesshewantstotryon.Itisalaboriousprocessbutapparentlyanenjoyableone.Somostdressshopsprovidechairsforthewaitinghusbands.

1.Whenamanisbuyingclothes,（

）.

2.Incommerceagoodsalesmanisonewho

（

）.

3.Whatdoesamandowhenhecannotgetexactlywhathewants?

4.Accordingtothispassage,whenshoppingforclothes,women

（

）.

5.Whatisthemostobviousdifferencebetweenmenandwomenshoppers?

问题1选项

A.hechoosesthingsthatothersrecommend

B.hebuyscheapthings,regardlessofquality

C.hebuysgoodthings,solongastheyarenottooexpensive

D.hedoesnotmindhowmuchhehastopayfortherightthings

问题2选项

A.sellssomethingacustomerdoesnotparticularlywant

B.alwayshasinstockthethingthecustomerwants

C.canfindoutquicklythegoodsrequired

D.doesnotwastehistimeondifficultcustomers

问题3选项

A.Hebuyssomethingthatissimilarenoughtotheidealone.

B.Heusuallydoesnotbuyanything.

C.Atleasttwoofhisrequirementsmustbemetbeforehebuys.

D.Solongasthestyleisright,hebuysthething.

问题4选项

A.oftenbuythingswithoutthinking

B.seldombuycheapclothes

C.welcomesuggestionsfromanyone

D.nevertakeanyadvice

问题5选项

A.Thefactthatmendonottryclothesoninashop.

B.Womenbargainfortheirclothesbutmendonot.

C.Womenstandupwhileshopping,butmensitdown.

D.Thetimetheytakeoverbuyingclothes.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由文章第一段中Heknowswhathewantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.（他知道他想要什么，他的目标是找到它并购买它；价格是次要的考虑因素）可知选D。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中Inthatcasethesalesman,asthenameimplies,triestosellthecustomersomethingelse—heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.Nogoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutebluntly,hedoessowithskillandpolish.（在这种情况下，推销员，顾名思义，试图向顾客推销其他东西——他提供了最接近他所需要的物品。优秀的推销员不会直截了当地提出这样的替代方案，而是用技巧和变通来做的这点）可知选A。

第3题:推理判断题。由文章第二段中Thisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsize,butIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursbytryingiton（这是对的颜色，可能是合适的尺寸，但试穿还是浪费你我的时间）可知选B。

第4题:细节事实题。由文章第三段中Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesetsgreatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsher,evenbywhatcompanionstellher.Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.（她总是乐于接受说服；事实上，她非常重视女售货员告诉她的话，甚至是同伴对她说的话。她会试穿很多东西。在她心中最重要的是应该找到每个人都认为适合她的东西）可知选C。

第5题:推理判断题。由文章第一段中thedealcanbeandofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes（这笔交易可以而且经常在不到五分钟内完成）和最后一段中Somostdressshopsprovidechairsforthewaitinghusbands（所以大多数服装店都为等候的丈夫提供椅子）可知男女购物最大的区别是购物花费的时间，因此选D。

9.单选题

Listeningisasimportantastalking.Ifyouareagoodlistener,peopleoften____youforbeingagoodconversationist.

问题1选项

A.complement

B.compliment

C.compel

D.complain

【答案】B

【解析】考查上下文语义与形近词辨析。A选项complement“补足，补助”；B选项compliment“恭维；称赞”；C选项compel“强迫，迫使”；D选项complain“抱怨；控诉”。句意：听和说同样重要。如果你善于聆听，人们通常也会____你善于交谈。根据第一句“听和说同样重要”推断，会听的人也会说，B选项compliment“恭维；称赞”最符合句意。因此，本题最佳选项为B。

10.单选题

Inhisclassicnovel,“ThePioneers”,JamesFenimoreCooperhashishero,alanddeveloper,takehiscousinonatourofthecityheisbuilding.Hedescribesthebroadstreets,rowsofhouses,ateemingmetropolis.Buthiscousinlooksaroundbewildered.Allsheseesisaforest.“Wherearethebeautiesandimprovementswhichyouweretoshowme?”sheasks.He’sastonishedshecan’tseethem.“Where!Everywhere,”hereplies.Forthoughtheyarenotyetbuiltonearth,hehasbuilttheminhismind,andtheyasconcretetohimasiftheywerealreadyconstructedandfinished.

CooperwasillustratingadistinctlyAmericantrait,future-mindedness:theabilitytoseethepresentfromthevantagepointofthefuture;thefreedomtofeelunencumberedbythepastandmoreemotionallyattachedtothingstocome.“Americaisthereforethelandofthefuture,”theGermanphilosopherHegelwrote.“TheAmericanlivesevenmoreforhisgoals,forthefuture,thantheEuropean.”AlbertEinsteinconcurred.“Lifeforhimisalwaysbecoming,neverbeing.”

In2012,Americawillstillbetheplacewherethefuturehappensfirst,forthatisthenation’soldesttradition.TheearlyPuritanslivedinalmostStoneAgeconditions,buttheywereinspiredbyvisionsoffutureglories,God’skingdomonearth.Theearlypioneerswouldsometimestravelpastperfectlygoodfarmland,becausetheywereconvincedthatevenmoreamazinglandcouldbefoundoverthenextridge.TheFoundingFatherstook13scragglyColoniesandbelievedtheywerecreatinganewnationonearth.Therailroadspeculatorsenvisionedmagnificentfortunesbuiltonbandsofiron.It’snowfashionabletoridiculethevisionsofdot-comentrepreneursofthe1990s,buttheyhadinheritedtheurgetoleapforthehorizon.“TheFutureisendowedwithsuchalife,thatitlivestouseveninanticipation,”HermanMelvillewrote.“TheFutureistheBibleoftheFree.”

Thisfuture-mindednessexplainsmanymodernfeaturesofAmericanlife.Itexplainsworkaholism:theaverageAmericanworks350hoursayearmorethantheaverageEuropean.Americansmovemore,insearchofthatbrightertomorrow,thanpeopleinotherland.Theyalso,sadly,divorcemore,forthesamereason.AmericansadoptnewtechnologiessuchasonlineshoppingandcreditcardsmuchmorequicklythanpeopleinothercountriesForty-fivepercentofworldInternetusetakesplaceintheUnitedStates.Eventoday,aftertheburstingofthestock-marketbubble,Americanventure-capitalfirms—whichareinthebusinessofbettingonthefuture—dwarfthefirmsfromallothernations.

Future-mindednesscontributestothedisorderinAmericanlife,theobliviousnesstohistory,thehighratesoffamilybreakdown,thefrenziedwasteofnaturalresources.Italsoleadstoincredibleinnovations.AccordingtotheYalehistorianPaulKennedy,75percentoftheNobellaureatesineconomiesandthesciencesoverrecentdecadeshavelivedorworkedintheUnitedStates.Thecountryremainsamagnetforthefuture-mindedfromothernations.Onein12Americanshasenjoyedthethrillandchallengeofstartinghisownbusiness.AstudypublishedintheJournalofInternationalBusinessStudiesin2000showedthatinnovativepeoplearespreadprettyevenlythroughouttheglobe,butAmericansaremostcomfortablewithrisk.EntrepreneursintheU.S.aremorelikelytobelievethattheypossesstheabilitytoshapetheirownfuturethanpeoplein,say,Britain,AustraliaorSingapore.

Ifthe1990swereagreatdecadeoffuture-mindedness,wearenowinthemidstofaseasonofexperience.Iseemscoolertobeskeptical,topooh-poohallthoseIPOsuckerswholosttheirmoneybettingonthetelecomfuture.ButtheworldisnotbecomingmoreFrench.By2012,thisperiodofchastisementwilllikelyhaverunitscourse,andfuture-mindednesswillbebackinvogue,forbetterorworse.

Wedon’tknowexactlywhatthenextfuture-mindedfrenzywinlooklike.Wedoknowwhereitwilltakeplace:theAmericansuburb.In1979,threequartersofAmericanofficespacewerelocatedincentralcities.Thenewcompanies,researchcentersandentrepreneursareflockingtotheselowbuildingsnearairports,highwaysandtheWal-Martmalls,andtheyarecreatinganewkindofsuburbanlife.ThereareentirelynewmetropolisesrisingboomsuburbslikeMesa,Arizona,thatalreadyhavemorepeoplethanMinneapolisorSt.Louis.WearenowapproachingamomentinwhichthemajorityofAmericanofficespace,andthehubofAmericanentrepreneurship,willbefoundinquietofficeparksinplaceslikeRockville,Maryland,andinthesprawlingsuburbospherearoundAtlanta.

Wealsoknowthatfuture-mindednessitselfwillbecometheobjectofgreaterstudy.Wearediscoveringthattherearemanythingsthathumanbeingsdoeasilythatcomputerscandoonlywithgreatdifficulty,ifatall.Cognitivescientistsarenowtryingtodecodethehumanimagination,tounderstandhowthebrainvisualizes,dreamsandcreates.Andweknow,too,thatwherethereisfuture-mindednessthereishope.

47.ThethirdparagraphexaminesAmerica’sfuture-mindednessfromthe（）perspective.

48.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTbroughtaboutbyfuture-mindedness?

49.Theword“pooh-pooh”inthesixthparagraphmeans（）.

50.Accordingtothepassage,peopleatpresentcanforecast（）ofanewroundoffuture-mindedness.

51.Theauthorpredictsinthelastparagraphthatthestudyoffuture-mindednesswillfocuson（）.

问题1选项

A.future

B.realistic

C.historical

D.present

问题2选项

A.Economicstagnation.

B.Environmentaldestruction.

C.Highdivorcerates.

D.Neglectofhistory.

问题3选项

A.appreciate

B.praise

C.shun

D.ridicule

问题4选项

A.thenature

B.thelocation

C.thevariety

D.thefeatures

问题5选项

A.howitcomesintobeing.

B.howitfunctions.

C.whatitbringsabout.

D.whatitisrelatedto.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】47.判断推理题。根据题干关键词定位到文章第三段..