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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大连工业大学艺术与信息工程学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题
PassageOne
Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlite,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheel.Itisverywell,again,tohaveatigerinthetank,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanothermatteraltogether.Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“BeKindtoOtherDrivers”campaign,otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.
Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.
However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Typicalexamplesarethedriverwhobrakesviolentlytoallowacartoemergefromasidestreetatsomehazardtofollowingtraffic,whenafewsecondslatertheroadwouldbeclearanyway;orthemanwhowavesachildacrossazebracrossingintothepathofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheycareto.Italwaysamazesmethatthehighwaysarenotcoveredwiththedeadbodiesofthesegrannies.
Aveterandriverwhosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsoneatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgiverisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan’tevenlearntodrive,letalonemasterthesubtleraspectsofboatmanship.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.
21.Accordingtothispassage,troublesontheroadareprimarilycausedby().
22.Thesentence“Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog...therule.”(Paragraph1)impliesthat().
23.By“goodsense”(Paragraph2),thewritermeans().
24.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcar-ownershipexplosion,().
25.Inthewriter’sopinion,().
问题1选项
A.people’sattitudetowardstheroad-hog
B.therhythmofmodernlife
C.thebehaviorofthedriver
D.trafficconditions
问题2选项
A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotorists
B.rudedriverscanbemetonlyoccasionally
C.thewell-manneredmotoristcannottoleratetheroad-hog
D.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstitutethemajorityofmotorists
问题3选项
A.thedriver’sabilitytounderstandandreactreasonably
B.thedriver’spromptresponsetodifficultandsevereconditions
C.thedriver’stoleranceofrudeorevensavagebehavior
D.thedriver’sacknowledgementofpolitenessandregulations
问题4选项
A.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrifice
B.driversshouldbereadytoyieldtoeachother
C.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselves
D.driverswillsuffergreatlossiftheypaynorespecttoothers
问题5选项
A.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneeded
B.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperly
C.rudedriversshouldbepunished
D.driversshouldavoidtrafficjams
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:D
第3题:A
第4题:B
第5题:B
【解析】21.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】判断推理题。根据文章第一句Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlite,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible(我们可以责怪交通堵塞、汽油成本和现代生活的快节奏,但道路上的礼仪正变得可怕)可以推断出,C选项“司机的行为”符合题意。
22.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】判断推理题。根据划线部分“你可能会容忍那些古怪的横冲直撞、粗鲁无礼的司机,但如今那些有礼貌的司机却是例外”可以推断出,有礼貌的司机不多见,因此D选项“现在不礼貌的司机占大多数”正确。
23.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】判断推理题。根据第二段第二句Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior(当遇到不文明行为时,只有头脑最冷静、脾气最好的司机才能抵制报复的诱惑)可以推断出,司机的goodsense是指他们能理智地看待别人的行为并做出适当的反应,因此A选项“司机的理解能力和合理反应的能力”正确。
24.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】事实细节题。根据文章倒数第二句Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.(多年前,专家警告我们,汽车保有量的激增将要求所有道路使用者更多的互让)可知,B选项“司机们应该做好互相让道的准备”正确。
25.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第二段第一句Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo(马路礼貌不仅是一种礼貌,也是一种良好的意识)和第三段第一句However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous(然而,错误的礼貌也可能是危险的)可知,作者认为司机应文明驾驶,但又要恰当地礼让,因此B选项“司机应该适当地使用道路礼貌”正确。
2.单选题
Everydreamisamessagefromyourunconsciousself,expressedinacodewhichonlyyoucanunderstandandinterpret.Theimages,colors,moods,andtermsofyourdreamsdependuponyourculture,upbringing,slangandyourownunderstandingofthingsandvalues.Dreamingislikelookingintoamirrorandseeingyourselfwitheyes.
Thefirstdreamswhichwehaveafterfallingasleepoftenrevolvearoundthedayevents.Wegothroughthem,sortingoutanddiscardingthingswedon'tneedtorememberandgaininginsightintothosewedo.Often,weareinspiredwithsuggestionsthatwecanusetoremedythesituationsthatplagueusbyday.Asweprogressthroughthenight’sdreams,theymaytakeupmorefantasticqualities,offeringfancifulexperiences.Theseoftenpleasantimagescanrelievethestressoftheday.Butthedreamwehavejustbeforetheawakingoftencontainsinformationthesubconsciousmindwantstomakeknowntotheconscious.Andthisinformation,ifremembered,interpreted,andunderstood,canserveasanimportanttoolinourlives.
Dependinguponthecontent,dreamcanstrikeuswiththeirpeculiarity,orsometimeseventheiralarmingnature.Somedreamshauntusforyears,notonlybecauseoftheirpersistence,butalsoprimarilybecausewecannotexplainorunderstandthem.Otherdreamsstandoutwiththeweirdmixtureofimages,emotionsandcontext,whichmakeusrememberthemforlife.Recurringdreamsarequitecommon,andweusuallyhavethemwhenacertainlifesituationrepeats,orwearefacingthesameproblemoverandoveragain.Arecurringdreamisoftenasignofsomeemotionalweaknessinournaturewhichcausesusproblemsovertheyears.
Luciddreamsarerare,buttheyareallaboutpeople’sabilitytocontroltheirdreams.Insuchadream,thedreamerbecomesconsciouslyawarethatshe/heisdreaming,andisabletousethememoryandparticipateindreamactionsandemotions.Luciddreamsareusuallyenhancedinasensoryandimaginaryway,andsometimescanbeaccompaniedbypleasantmusic.Peoplecanlearnthetechniquesofcontrollingtheirdreams.Somehistoricmanuscriptsandrecordssaythattheabilitytocontroldreamshelpsapersontoreachahigherdegreeofminddevelopment.ThisiswhatsomeTibetanBuddhistsandIslamfollowerspracticedforthepurposeofelevationinconsciousness.
1.Dreamscanonlybeunderstoodbythedreamerbecause().
2.Accordingtotheauthor,dreams().
3.Recurringdreamsoccur().
4.Theword“lucid”(Line1,Para.4)refersto().
5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthetextthatdreamsofferusthepotentialto().
问题1选项
A.theyarealwaysbasedonyourdeepfeelings
B.theyareexpressedinacodeonlyyoucanunderstand
C.theyarealwayssomethingrelatedtoyourupbringing
D.theyarerelatedtoyourpersonalculture
问题2选项
A.arealwaysaboutthedaysevents,sortingoutthemonebyone
B.areprimarilymeanttorelievethestressoftheday
C.isonlyimportantatthestagejustbeforeyouwakeup
D.movefromdifferentstages,eachwithdifferentfunctions
问题3选项
A.becauseofarepetitionofevents,problemoremotionalweakness
B.becauseofacertainlifesituationthatcausesusstress
C.becauseweareemotionallyweak
D.becausewecannotexplainthem
问题4选项
A.highlyconscious
B.understandable
C.easytoremember
D.clearlypresented
问题5选项
A.predictthefuture
B.improveourconscience
C.increaseourimagination
D.understandingourselves
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:D
第3题:A
第4题:A
第5题:B
【解析】第1题:1.根据第一段的第一句“Everydreamisamessagefromyourunconsciousself,expressedinacodewhichonlyyoucanunderstandandinterpret.”每一个梦都是来自你潜意识的自我的信息,以一种只有你能理解和解释的代码来表达。以及后面提到的梦取决于你的文化、教养以及你对事物和价值观的理解。所以选项D为最佳答案。A选项在第一段中没有明确提及;B选项“它们是用只有你才理解的代码表达的”从意义上来说等同于题干本身,并没有回答原因;C选项的信息过于片面。
2.根据第二段的内容可知,入睡后的第一个梦是围绕白天发生的事情,通常会从中受到启发;随着梦境的加深有更奇妙的体验,这会缓解我们一天的压力;醒来之前的梦是潜意识里想让我们知道的东西,如果能被理解和记住,对我们大有帮助。A选项错误之处在于:与白天发生的事情相关的是“第一个梦”,而非所有梦;B选项“主要是为了缓解一天的压力”过于绝对,文中并没有说“主要”这一个信息;C选项“只有在你起床前的阶段才重要”,过于绝对化。因此D选项“在不同的阶段间变动,每个阶段有不同的功能”符合题意,不同的阶段可以理解为“第一个梦”、“奇异的景象”、“醒来之前”,他们有着不同的功能。
3.根据第三段的倒数第二句“Recurringdreamsarequitecommon,andweusuallyhavethemwhenacertainlifesituationrepeats,orwearefacingthesameproblemoverandoveragain.”选项A符合原文。
4.根据最后一段的第二句“Insuchadream,thedreamerbecomesconsciouslyawarethatshe/heisdreaming,andisabletousethememoryandparticipateindreamactionsandemotions.”在这样的梦境中,做梦的人能够意识到自己在做梦,能够运用记忆,参与梦境的动作和情感。说明lucid是指意识清醒的。选项A正确。
5.根据最后一段的最后两句“theabilitytocontroldreamshelpsapersontoreachahigherdegreeofminddevelopment.ThisiswhatsomeTibetanBuddhistsandIslamfollowerspracticedforthepurposeofelevationinconsciousness.”控制梦境的能力有助于一个人达到更高程度的心智发展。这就是一些藏传佛教和伊斯兰教信徒为了提升意识而进行的修行。所以,选项B符合原文。
第2题:
第3题:
第4题:
第5题:
3.填空题
Thefamilyisacooperativeenterprisewhichitisdifficulttolaydownrules,becauseeachfamilyneedstoworkoutitsownwaysforsolvingitsownproblems.
A
B
C
D
【答案】Awhich改为where或forwhich
【解析】【考查点】从句。
【解题思路】itisdifficulttolaydownrules是修饰enterprise的定语从句,enterprise表示地点,所以可以用where引导。结合固定句型Itisdifficultforsb.todosth.,此题为forenterprise,在这里forwhich相当于where。
【句意】家庭是合作式企业,很难制定规则,因为每个家庭都需要找到适合自己的办法来解决属于自己的问题。
4.单选题
Themagicianpicked()severalfromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.
问题1选项
A.byaccident
B.onoccasion
C.atrandom
D.onaverage
【答案】C
【解析】考查词组辨析。byaccident“偶然,意外地”;onoccasion“有时,偶尔”;atrandom“随便地,随机地,任意地”;onaverage“平均,普通”。魔术师应该是随机地挑选几位观众来帮助他完成表演。选项C符合句意。
5.单选题
Organizedvolunteeringandworkexperiencehaslongbeenavitalcompaniontouniversitydegreecourse.Usuallyitisleftto(1)todeducethepotentialfromalistofextracurricularadventuresonagraduate'sresume,
(2)nowtheUniversityofBristolhaslaunchedanawardtoformalizetheachievementsofstudentswho
(3)timetoactivitiesoutsidetheircourses.BristolPLUSaimstobooststudentsinanincreasingly
(4)jobmarketbyhelpingthemacquireworkandlifeskillsalongside(5)qualifications.
“Ourstudentsareaprettyactivebunchbutwefoundthattheydidn't
(6)appreciatethevalueofwhattheydid(7)thelecturehall,”saysJeffGoodman,directorofcareersandemployabilityattheuniversity.“Employersaremuchmore
(8)thantheyusedtobe.Theyusedtolookfor(9)andsawitaspartoftheirjobtoextractthevalueofanapplicant'sskills.Nowtheywantstudentstobeabletoexplainwhythoseskillsare(10)tothejob."
Studentswhosign(11)fortheawardwillbeexpectedtocomplete50hoursofworkexperienceor(12)work,attendfourworkshopsonemployability-skill,takepartinanintensiveskill-relatedactivity,
(13)crucially,writeasummaryoftheskillstheyhavegained.
(14)effortswillgainanOutstandingAchievementAward.Thosewho(15)bestonthesportsfieldcantaketheSportingPLUSAwardwhichfostersemployer-friendlysportsaccomplishments.
Theexperiencedoesnothavetobe(16)
organized."We'renotjustinterestedineasilyidentifiableskills,'saysGoodman.“
(17)onestudenttooktheleadindealingwithadifficultlandlordandso(18)negotiationskills.Wetrytomaketheexperiencerelevanttoindividuallives.”
Goodmanhopesthe
(19)willenableactivestudentstofillinanygapsintheirexperienceandencouragetheirless-active
(20)
totakeupactivitiesoutsidetheiracademicareaofwork.
问题1选项
A.advisors
B.specialist
C.critics
D.employers
问题2选项
A.which
B.but
C.unless
D.since
问题3选项
A.divide
B.devote
C.deliver
D.donate
问题4选项
A.harmonious
B.competitive
C.resourceful
D.prosperous
问题5选项
A.artistic
B.technical
C.academic
D.interactive
问题6选项
A.dominantly
B.earnestly
C.necessarily
D.gracefully
问题7选项
A.outside
B.along
C.over
D.through
问题8选项
A.generous
B.considerate
C.enlightening
D.demanding
问题9选项
A.origin
B.initial
C.popularity
D.potential
问题10选项
A.relevant
B.responsive
C.reluctant
D.respective
问题11选项
A.out
B.off
C.away
D.up
问题12选项
A.casual
B.elective
C.domestic
D.voluntary
问题13选项
A.or
B.thus
C.so
D.and
问题14选项
A.Occasional
B.Exceptional
C.Informative
D.Relative
问题15选项
A.perform
B.convey
C.circulate
D.formulate
问题16选项
A.roughly
B.randomly
C.formally
D.fortunately
问题17选项
A.Forinstance
B.Inessence
C.Incontrast
D.Ofcourse
问题18选项
A.demonstrated
B.determined
C.operated
D.involved
问题19选项
A.device
B.section
C.scheme
D.distraction
问题20选项
A.attendants
B.agents
C.members
D.peers
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:B
第3题:B
第4题:B
第5题:C
第6题:C
第7题:A
第8题:D
第9题:D
第10题:A
第11题:D
第12题:D
第13题:D
第14题:B
第15题:A
第16题:C
第17题:A
第18题:A
第19题:C
第20题:D
【解析】(1)词义辨析。advisors‘顾问,指导教授,劝告者;’specialist‘专家;’critics‘评论家;批评者;’employers‘雇主;’本文谈论大学生课外实践与就业的关系,根据空格后的关键部分“onagraduate'sresume在毕业生的简历上”可知,D选项“雇主”正确。
(2)逻辑词。根据上下文的内容‘长期以来,有组织的志愿活动和工作经验一直是大学学位课程的重要伴侣。通常情况下,由雇主从毕业生的简历上列出的课外经历中推断出他们的潜力,现在布里斯托尔大学推出了一项奖励,以正式确定学生的成就。’,以及关键词“usually通常”和“now现在"之间的对比关系,确定B项“但是”表转折和对比正确。
(3)固定搭配。根据上下文语境,此处表示“花费时间干什么事”,且介词to后面是名词,B选项构成搭配“devote...to...把…用于…,投入….”,所以B选项正确。
(4)词义辨析。harmonious‘和谐的,和睦的;协调的;’competitive‘竞争的,有竞争性的,有竞争力的;’resourceful‘资源丰富的;足智多谋的;’prosperous‘繁荣的;兴旺的;’此处句意是“BristolPLUS旨在通过帮助学生获得工作和生活技能来增强他们在劳动市场的……”,因此,根据语境可知,B项“竞争力的”正确。
(5)词义辨析。artistic‘艺术的;风雅的;有美感的;’technical‘工艺的,科技的;技术上的;’academic‘学术的;学院的;’interactive‘交互式的;相互作用的;’空格处修饰名词qualifications“资格;合格证书”,而且与“workandlifeskills工作和生活技能”并列,所以C项构成“academicqualifications学历”符合搭配和语境。
(6)词义辨析。dominantly‘有统治权地,支配地;’earnestly‘认真地;诚挚地;’necessarily‘必要地;必定地,必然地;’gracefully‘优雅地;温文地;’空格后表示“appreciatethevalue重视价值”,空格处的副词要修饰动词“appreciate欣赏;感激;看重”,C选项“必要地”搭配合适,正确。
(7)介词辨析。根据上下文以及本句“theydidn'tnecessarilyappreciatethevalueofwhattheydid…thelecturehall.大学生们没有必要地看重他们在讲堂……所做的事情的价值”可知,此处填入介词表示“在……之外”,即A选项正确。
(8)词义辨析。generous‘慷慨的,大方的;宽宏大量的;’considerate‘体贴的;体谅的;考虑周到的;’enlightening‘使人领悟的,有启发作用的;’demanding‘苛刻的,要求高的;’根据后面两句中关于过去和现在的状况对比可知本句句意是‘现在比以前的要求更高一些,’D选项“要求高的;苛求的”正确。
(9)词义辨析。origin‘起源;原点;’initial‘词首大写字母’popularity‘普及,流行;名气;’potential‘潜力,潜能’根据后文“sawitaspartoftheirjobtoextractthevalueofanapplicant'sskills将其视为他们工作的一部分,以获得申请人的技能价值”可知,it是指代前文空格处的内容,D选项“潜力”符合语境。
(10)词义辨析题。relevant‘相关的;切题的;中肯的;’responsive‘响应的;应答的;’reluctant‘不情愿的;勉强的;’respective‘分别的,各自的;’根据上下文的语境,此处表达的是雇主希望学生们能够解释为什么那些技能与工作是相关的,所以A选项“相关的”正确。
(11)固定搭配。“signupfor选课;报名参加”符合语境和搭配,D选项正确。
(12)词义辨析。casual‘临时的,非正式的,随便的;’elective‘选修的,选任的;’domestic‘国内的,家用的,家庭的;’voluntary‘自愿的;志愿的;自发的;’根据文章首句可知,此处是首句信息复现‘有组织的志愿活动和工作经验’,所以D选项正确。
(13)逻辑关系。根据关键词“crucially关键的是……”以及后文句意“写一份他们所获技能的简介”可知,此处前后的逻辑关系表示并列或递进,D选项符合语境。
(14)词义辨析。Occasional‘偶然的,临时的;’Exceptional‘优越的;杰出的,例外的;’Informative‘提供有用信息的;教育性的;’Relative‘相对的;有关系的;’根据后文“OutstandingAchievementAward杰出成就奖”可知,空格处修饰“efforts努力”最为合适的是B项“优越的;杰出的”。
(15)词义辨析。perform‘执行;表现;完成;’convey‘传达;运输;’circulate‘使循环;使流通;’formulate‘规划;用公式表示;’此处表示“在体育方面做得很好的人”,A选项“表现,完成”正确。
(16)词义辨析。roughly‘粗糙地;概略地;’randomly‘随便地,任意地;’formally‘正规地,正式地;’fortunately‘幸运地;’此处的副词修饰动词“organized组织的”,根据上下文可知,此处表示“经历不一定要正式组织的活动”,C选项“正规地,正式地;”符合。
(17)固定搭配。Forinstance‘例如,比如;’Inessence‘本质上,大体上;’Incontrast‘与此相反;’ofcourse‘一定,当然;’前一句说“We'renotjustinterestedineasilyidentifiableskills.我们不是只对能够被简单确认的(学生的)技能感兴趣”,后一句谈及‘一个学生不仅善于应对一个麻烦的房东,而且也擅长谈判的技巧’,所以后文是对前文的例子体现,A选项正确。
(18)词义辨析。demonstrated‘演示,展示;示范;’determined‘决定;断定;’operated‘运转;动手术;起作用;’involved‘包含;牵涉;使陷于;’空格处与“tooktheleadin...在……方面擅长/领头”并列,以及根据宾语“谈判技巧”可知,A选项“展示;示范;表明”符合搭配,正确。
(19)词义辨析。device‘装置;策略;设备;’section‘部分;部门;地区;’scheme‘计划,规划;’distraction‘注意力分散;消遣;’根据后文“fillinanygaps填补空白”可知,空格处是指前文谈及到的一些与生活相关的内容等,所以C项“规划”符合语境。
(20)词义辨析。attendants‘服务员;侍者;’agents‘代理人,代理商;’members‘成员;会员;’peers‘同僚;同伴;’空格处对应的是前文的“students学生”,所以D选项“同僚;同伴”符合语境。
6.单选题
Long-termexposuretomassmediaportrayalsofviolencemightmaketheaudienceinsensitiveor_____torealactsofviolence.
问题1选项
A.emotionallyneutral
B.neutrallyemotional
C.emotionallymutual
D.mutuallyemotional
【答案】A
【解析】考查词义。neutral“中立的”,emotionally“情绪上;感情上”。句意:观众在大众媒体上看多了暴力就会对暴力持中立态度,即对暴力失去了感觉。neutral表示观众对暴力的态度,emotionally则用来修饰neutral,表示“情感上是中立的”。因此A选项符合题意。
7.单选题
Intheworsttimesoflife,youhavetotakefulladvantageofthebeautifulthingsthat().
问题1选项
A.comealong
B.comeby
C.comeacross
D.cometo
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项comealong“出现、一道来”,主语可以是人也可以是物;B选项comeby“得到、短暂拜访”;C选项comeacross“偶然遇见”,主语是人;D选项cometo“来到、苏醒”,句意为:在人生最糟糕的时候,你要充分利用一起来到身边的美好事物。选项A符合题意。
8.单选题
Asonlinecomputersystemsbecomemorepopular,televisionsandcomputersareincreasingly().Suchtechnologiescombinethecapabilitiesofcomputers,televisionetc.,andgreatlyexpandtheservicesthatcanbeprovided.
问题1选项
A.separated
B.segregated
C.integrated
D.intersected
【答案】C
【解析】separated分开,隔开;segregated隔离,分离;integrated结合;intersected分割。句意:随着在线计算机系统变得越来越流行,电视和计算机日益融合。这些技术结合了计算机、电视等的功能,极大地扩展了所能提供的服务。选项C符合句意。
9.单选题
Ⅲ.(InternationalLaw)
ThePanelobservesthatArticle1.1oftheTRIPSAgreementprovidesasfollows:“MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement.MembersshallbefreetodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementingtheprovisionsofthisAgreementwithintheirownlegalsystemandpractice.”
ThefirstsentenceofArticle1.1setsoutthebasicobligationthatMembers“shallgiveeffect”totheprovisionsofthisAgreement.ThismeansthattheprovisionsoftheAgreementareobligationswherestated,andthefirstsentenceofArticle61sostates.ThesecondsentenceofArticle1.1clarifiesthattheprovisionsoftheAgreementareminimumstandardsonly,inthatitgivesMembersthefreedomtoimplementahigherstandard,subjecttoacondition.ThethirdsentenceofArticle1.1doesnotgrantMembersfreedomtoimplementalowerstandard,butrathergrantsfreedomtodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementationoftheprovisionstowhichtheyarerequiredtogiveeffectunderthefirstsentence.ThePanelagreesthatdifferencesamongMembers’respectivelegalsystemsandpracticestendtobemoreimportantintheareaofenforcement.However,acoherentreadingofthethreesentencesofArticle1.1doesnotpermitdifferencesindomesticlegalsystemsandpracticestojustifyanyderogationfromthebasicobligationtogiveeffecttotheprovisionsonenforcement.
Therefore,thestandardofcompliancewithArticle61istheminimuminternationallyagreedstandardsetoutinthatArticle.TheminimumstandardinArticle61doesnotdefertoChina’sdomesticpracticeonthedefinitionofcriminalliabilityandsanctionsforotherwrongfulactsinareasnotsubjecttointernationalobligationsundertheTRIPSAgreement,unlessitsostates.Forexample,thesecondsentencerefersto“crimesofacorrespondinggravity”,whichmightrefertodomesticpracticeinotherareas.However,thefirstsentenceofArticle61doesnotmakeanysuchreference.
Fortheabovereasons,thePanelconfirmsitsviewthatthefirstsentenceofArticle61oftheTRIPSAgreementimposesanobligation.ThePanelwillnowturntothetermsusedinthatprovision,readincontextandinlightoftheobjectandpurposeoftheAgreement,todeterminethescopeandcontentofthatobligation.
59.WhatisrequiredbyArticle1.1ofTRIPS?
60.Whichoftheflowingisthemostsuitabletopicforthe2ndparagraph?
61.OnecaninferfromtheunderlinedphrasethatthefirstsentenceofArticle61___.
62.Theunderlinedphrase“deferto”inthe3rdparagraphmeansto___.
问题1选项
A.ToprovidethesametreatmenttonationalsofotherWTOmembers.
B.ToprovidemoreextensiveprotectionthanrequiredbyTRIPS.
C.TotakespecificmethodtoimplementtheprovisionsofTRIPS.
D.TogiveeffecttotheprovisionsofTRIPS.
问题2选项
A.TheinterpretationofArticle1.1ofTRIPS.
B.ObligationssetoutinArticle1.1ofTRIPScannotbederogated.
C.ObligationssetoutinArticle1.1ofTRIPS.
D.The3sentencesofArticle1.1ofTRIPShavedifferentmeaning.
问题3选项
A.makessomestatements
B.sostates
C.isanobligationoftheWTOmembers
D.isthesameastheprovisionsofTRIPS
问题4选项
A.delay
B.givewaytosomebody’sjudgment
C.respect
D.postpone
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:A
第3题:C
第4题:C
【解析】59.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到第一段Article1.1oftheTRIPSAgreementprovidesasfollows:“MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement…”(《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》第1.1条规定如下:“各成员应实施本协定的各项规定。各成员可以(但不应被迫)在其法律中实施比本协定要求的更广泛的保护,只要此种保护不违反本协定的规定……”)可知选D选项“实施《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》条款”,以及B选项“提供比《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》要求的更广泛的保护”不符合原文,原文是需要在“此种保护不违反本协定的规定”这个前提下;A选项“向其他世贸组织成员的国民提供同样的待遇”和C选项“采取具体方法实施《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》条款”第一段未提及。因此D选项正确。
60.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到第二段ThefirstsentenceofArticle1.1setsoutthebasicobligationthatMembers“shallgiveeffect”totheprovisionsofthisAgreement…ThesecondsentenceofArticle1.1clarifiesthattheprovisionsoftheAgreementareminimumstandardsonly,inthatitgivesMembersthefreedomtoimplementahigherstandard,subjecttoacondition.ThethirdsentenceofArticle1.1doesnotgrantMembersfreedomtoimplementalowerstandard…(第1.1条第一句规定了成员“应使”本协定条款生效的基本义务……第1.1条的第二句话澄清了《协定》的规定仅是最低标准,因为它给予成员执行更高标准的自由,但须有一个条件。第1.1条第3句不给予成员执行较低标准的自由……)可知第二段都在解释说明Article1.1oftheTRIPSAgreement(《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》第1.1条)的内容,选A选项“对与贸易有关的知识产权协定》第1.1条的解释”;B选项“不能减损《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》第1.1条规定的义务”,C选项“《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》第1.1条规定的义务”以及D选项“《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》第1.1条的3句话有不同的含义”都是第二段的片面内容,不足以概括整个段落。因此A选项正确。
61.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文划线句子部分ThismeansthattheprovisionsoftheAgreementareobligationswherestated,andthefirstsentenceofArticle61sostates.(这意味着,《协定》的规定在规定的地方是义务,第61条第一句就说明了这一点),这里所提到的这一点即第二段第一句的内容ThefirstsentenceofArticle1.1setsoutthebasicobligationthatMembers“shallgiveeffect”totheprovisionsofthisAgreement.(第1.1条第一句规定了成员应实施”本协定各项规定的基本义务。),选C选项“是世贸组织成员的义务”;A选项“做一些陈述”,B选项“这样说的”以及D选项“与《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》条款相同”都不符合原文。因此C选项正确。
62.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】词义推测题。根据题干定位到第三段TheminimumstandardinArticle61doesnotdefertoChina’sdomesticpracticeonthedefinitionofcriminalliability(第六十一条的最低标准不尊重我国国内对刑事责任定义的实践),deferto在本句中表示“尊重;听从”;A选项“延迟”;B选项“让步于某人的判断”;C选项“尊重”;D选项“推迟”。因此C选项正确。
10.单选题
Themiserwillnotdonateanymoneytocharitybecauseheis().
问题1选项
A.greedy
B.thrifty
C.stingy
D.careful
【答案】C
【解析】形容词辨析。句意:这位吝啬鬼是不会捐一点钱的,因为他
。greedy贪婪的;thrifty节俭的;stingy吝啬的;careful谨慎的。故选C。
11.单选题
Fromchildhoodtooldage,wealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst(1),theywerelikenewbornchildren,unabletousethis(2)tool.Yetoncelanguagedeveloped,thepossibilitiesforhumankindsfuture(3)andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis(4)forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They(5)thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus(6)aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower(7).
Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour(8)forlanguageisinborn,butthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually,(9)afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical(10)timesforlanguagedevelopment.Current(11)ofinnatenesstheoryaremixed,however,evidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.(12),moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin(13)grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing(14)4tothem,whileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe(15)oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed.(16)someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnate,languagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen(17)fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat(18)withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage(19)thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitative,learnedbehavior.(20),childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.
问题1选项
A.generated
B.evolved
C.born
D.originated
问题2选项
A.valuable
B.appropriate
C.convenient
D.favorite
问题3选项
A.attainments
B.feasibility
C.entertainments
D.evolution
问题4选项
A.essential
B.available
C.reliable
D.responsible
问题5选项
A.confirm
B.inform
C.claim
D.convince
问题6选项
A.for
B.from
C.of
D.with
问题7选项
A.organizations
B.organisms
C.humans
D.children
问题8选项
A.potential
B.performance
C.preference
D.passion
问题9选项
A.as
B.justas
C.like
D.unlike
问题10选项
A.ideological
B.biological
C.social
D.psychological
问题11选项
A.reviews
B.reference
C.reaction
D.recommendation
问题12选项
A.Inaword
B.Inasense
C.Indeed
D.Inotherwords
问题13选项
A.various
B.different
C.thehigher
D.thelower
问题14选项
A.revealed
B.exposed
C.engaged
D.involved
问题15选项
A.regulations
B.formations
C.rules
D.constitutions
问题16选项
A.Although
B.Whether
C.Since
D.When
问题17选项
A.distinguished
B.different
C.protected
D.isolated
问题18选项
A.exposition
B.comparison
C.contrast
D.interaction
问题19选项
A.acquisition
B.appreciation
C.requirement
D.alternative
问题20选项
A.Asaresult
B.Afterall
C.Inotherwords
D.Aboveall
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:A
第3题:A
第4题:D
第5题:C
第6题
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