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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-合肥学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Likemanyotheraspectsofthecomputerage,Yahoobeganasanidea,(1)intoahobbyandlatelyhas(2)intoafull-timepassion.ThetwodevelopersofYahoo,DavidFiloandJerryYang,Ph.Dcandidates(3)ElectricalEngineeringatStanfordUniversity,startedtheirguideinApril1994asawaytokeep(4)oftheirpersonalinterestontheInternet.Beforelongthey(5)thattheirhomebrewedlistswerebecomingtoolongand(6).GraduallytheybegantospendmoreandmoretimeonYahoo.

During1994,they(7)Yahoointoacustomizeddatabasedesignedto(8)theneedsofthethousandsofusers(9)begantousetheservicethroughtheclosely(10)Internetcommunity.Theydevelopedcustomizedsoftwaretohelpthem(11)locate,identifyandeditmaterial(12)ontheInternet.ThenameYahoois(13)tostandfor“YetAnotherHierarchicalOfficiousOrale”,butFiloandYanginsisttheyselectedthe(14)becausetheyconsideredthemselvesYahoos.Yahooitselffirst(15)onYang’sworkstation,“akebono”,whilethesearchenginewas(16)onFilo’scomputer,“Konishiki".

Inearly1995MarcAndersen,co-founderofNetscapeCommunicationinMountainView,California,invitedFiloandYangtomovetheirfiles(17)tolargercomputers(18)atNetscape.AsaresultStanford’scomputernetworkreturnedto(19),andbothpartiesbenefited.Today,Yahoo(20)organizedinformationontensofthousandsofcomputerslinkedtotheweb.

问题1选项

A.became

B.grew

C.turn

D.intend

问题2选项

A.made

B.saw

C.looked

D.turned

问题3选项

A.in

B.on

C.about

D.for

问题4选项

A.touch

B.contact

C.track

D.record

问题5选项

A.founded

B.found

C.argued

D.reported

问题6选项

A.unwieldy

B.tough

C.tamable

D.invaluable

问题7选项

A.exchanged

B.shank

C.sold

D.converted

问题8选项

A.explain

B.serve

C.discover

D.evaluate

问题9选项

A.which

B.that

C.actually

D.eagerly

问题10选项

A.relative

B.interactive

C.bound

D.contacted

问题11选项

A.fluently

B.efficiently

C.exactly

D.actually

问题12选项

A.transmitted

B.purchased

C.sold

D.stored

问题13选项

A.about

B.bound

C.going

D.supposed

问题14选项

A.fable

B.model

C.name

D.brand

问题15选项

A.supported

B.resided

C.lived

D.launched

问题16选项

A.connected

B.lodged

C.introduced

D.linked

问题17选项

A.over

B.away

C.inside

D.beneath

问题18选项

A.housed

B.caught

C.hosed

D.hidden

问题19选项

A.average

B.normal

C.ordinary

D.equal

问题20选项

A.attains

B.detains

C.maintains

D.contains

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:A

第7题:D

第8题:B

第9题:B

第10题:C

第11题:B

第12题:D

第13题:D

第14题:C

第15题:B

第16题:B

第17题:A

第18题:A

第19题:B

第20题:D

【解析】1.固定搭配。选项A和D不符合语法结构;grewinto强调发展的结果,turninto强调前后两种情况的对比。这里指主意发展成为爱好,所以选项B正确。

2.固定搭配。根据句意可知,这里是转变成另一种情况,前后形成对比,所以用turn,选项D正确。

3.介词用法。表示“在……领域”,用介词in。选项A正确。

4.固定搭配。keeptrackof意为“记录,与保持联系”,为固定搭配。选项A后面一般接介词in;选项B后面一般接介词with;keeprecord指保留记录,不符合句意。所以本题选C。

5.上下文语义。根据句意:没过多久,他们就发现自己的自制清单变得越来越长。选项B符合句意。

6.形容词词义辨析。unwieldy指笨拙的,不实用的,难处理的。根据句意可知,这里是指清单太长以至于很难处理,所以选项A更符合语境。

7.固定搭配。o为常用搭配,意为“将……转换成……”。选项D符合句意。

8.动词词义辨析。根据句意可知,这里指满足客户的需求,与后面的service相呼应,所以选项B更恰当。

9.定语从句。根据句意可知,that在这里引导定语从句,修饰users,所以选项B正确。

10.上下文语义。根据句意可知,这里是“联系紧密”的意思,所以填入选项C更符合语境。

11.副词词义辨析。根据句意可知,这里修饰的不仅仅是locate,还有identify和edit,所以填入选项B(有效的)更符合语境。

12.上下文语义。这里指编辑存储在电脑里面的资料,所以选项D符合句意。

13.固定搭配。besupposedto意为“被认为,被要求”,为固定搭配。选项D符合句意。

14.上下文语义。根据上一句可知,这里应填入上句提到的name,选项C符合句意。

15.上下文语义。句意:雅虎最初是在JerryYang的工作站上成立的。选项A后面一般接by,表示由支持;选项C不符合句意;选项D的主语是人,表示开始,着手做某事。resideon表示位于,选项B符合句意。

16.固定搭配。belodgedon为固定搭配,意为“安置”。这里指搜索引擎在Filo的电脑里面,选项B符合句意。选项A和D后面一般接介词to;选项C不符合句意,所以本题选B。

17.固定搭配。moveover表示将某物转移至另一个地方。这里指邀请FiloandYang将他们的文件转移到更大的电脑上,选项A符合句意。

18.固定搭配。housedat表示“定居于,固定于某地”。这里指固定于美国网景公司的电脑。选项A符合句意。

19.形容词词义辨析。句意:斯坦福大学的计算机网络恢复正常。选项B符合语境。

20.动词词义辨析和上下文语义。句意:现在雅虎涵盖了数以万计连接到网络的计算机上的有组织的信息。选项D符合原文句意。

2.单选题

Tomwasaccusedof__________againstblackpersons,thatistosay,helooksdownuponthem.

问题1选项

A.discriminating

B.distinguishing

C.distressing

D.disguising

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。discriminating“歧视”;distinguishing“辨别,区分”;distressing“使痛苦,迫使”;disguising“掩饰,伪装”。句意:汤姆被指控歧视黑人,也就是说,他瞧不起他们。选项A符合题意。

3.单选题

Thebrillianceofhissatireswas(

)makeevenhisvictimslaugh.

问题1选项

A.soasto

B.suchasto

C.sothat

D.suchthat

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。分析句子结构,可知was后面缺少表语,so是副词不可做表语,排除A、C选项。suchasto表示“到如此程度以致,如此……以致”,其中的such为代词,在句中作表语;suchthat表示“到这样的程度”,结合选项意思及句意选B。句意:他写的讽刺作品十分精彩,即便是被他讽刺的那些人也忍不住要笑。

4.单选题

Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanygivenculturewill(

)totheestablishedstandardsofthatculture.

问题1选项

A.confine

B.conform

C.confront

D.confirm

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。confine“限制;禁闭”;conform“符合;遵守;适应环境(后面一般跟介词to)”;confront“面对;遭遇;比较(为及物动词)”;confirm“确认;证实;批准(及物动词)。句意:特定文化下的绝大部分人会遵守那种文化已建立的标准。选项B符合题意。

5.案例题

PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou'llgetacompletelydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen-theUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale.Youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.

Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversityisbecomingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.

Diversity,itseems,hasnothelpedtoaddressfundamentalweaknessesinbusinessleadership.Sowhatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthecommercialworld?AccordingtoValerieGauthier,associatedeanatHECParis,thekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogrammesrecruittheirstudents.Atthemomentcandidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofcriteriasuchasprioracademicandcareerperformance,andanalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.Thisisthencoupledtoaschool'spictureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklike,withtheresultthatpassport,ethnicoriginandsexcanallbecomeinfluencingfactors.Butschoolsrarelydigdowntofindoutwhatreallymakesanapplicantsucceed,tocreateaclasswhichalsocontainsdiversityofattitudeandapproach-arguablytheonlydiversitythat,inabusinesscontext,reallymatters.

ProfessorGauthierbelievesschoolsshouldnotjustbeselectingcandidatesfromtraditionalsectorssuchasbanking,consultancyandindustry.Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohavebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalscience,thecreativearts,historyorphilosophy,whichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.

Indeed,theredoesseemtobeademandforthemoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate.AstudybyMannaz,aleadershipdevelopmentcompany,suggeststhat,whilethebully-boychiefexecutiveofoldmaynothavebeeneradicatedcompletely,thereisadefiniteshiftinemphasistowardslesstoughstylesofmanagement-atleastinAmericaandEurope.Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthoseprevalentinScandinavia,whichseektointegratethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibilityandaccountability.

1.Whatcharacterisesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationoftoday?

A.Greaterdiversity.

B.Intellectualmaturity.

C.Exceptionaldiligence.

D.Higherambition.

2.Whatistheauthor'sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducation?

A.Itwillarousestudents'unrealisticexpectations.

B.Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.

C.Itfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalskills.

D.Itstressescompetitionratherthancooperation.

3.WhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkismostimportant?

A.Ageandeducationalbackground.

B.Socialandprofessionalexperience.

C.Attitudeandapproachtobusiness.

D.Ethnicoriginandgender.

4.WhatapplicantsdoestheauthorthinkMBAprogrammesshouldconsiderrecruiting?

A.Applicantswithpriorexperienceinbusinesscompanies.

B.Applicantswithsoundknowledgeinmathandstatistics.

C.Applicantsfromoutsidethetraditionalsectors.

D.Applicantsfromlessdevelopedregionsandareas.

5.WhatdoesMannazsayaboutthecurrentmanagementstyle?

A.Itiseradicatingthetoughaspectsofmanagement.

B.Itencouragesmaleandfemaleexecutivestoworksidebyside.

C.Itadoptsthebully-boychiefexecutivemodel.

D.Itisshiftingtowardsmorecollaborativemodels.

【答案】1.A

2.B

3.C

4.C

5.D

【解析】1.根据第一段的内容可知,以前的NBA讲堂是典型的男性,中产阶级和西方人为主,而现在也能看到很多女性,还有来自不同国家和不同种族的人。这说明现在商学院学生人口的特点是多样性,选项A正确。

2.

根据第二段的最后一句“Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.”选项B符合原文。

3.

根据第三段“AccordingtoValerieGblemsolvingabilities.”目前,候选人的选拔标准相当狭窄,比如先前的学业和职业表现,以及分析和解决问题的能力。说明ValerieGauthier最看重的是社会经历和工作经验。

4.

根据第四段的内容可知,商学院不应仅仅从银行、咨询和工业等传统行业中挑选候选人。他们还应该寻找具有政治科学、创意艺术、历史或哲学等领域背景的个人,这些领域将使他们能够将商业决策置于更广泛的背景中。选项C符合原文。

5.根据最后一段“Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels...”大公司对更多的合作管理模式越来越感兴趣,选项D正确。

6.单选题

Theyhurriedtothetheatre()thattheplayhadalreadybegun.

问题1选项

A.finding

B.justintime

C.onlytofind

D.rightincase

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。主句使用的是一般过去式hurried,而后面的句子使用的是过去完成时hadbegun,两者之间存在转折。句意:他们匆忙赶到剧院,……戏已经开始了。onlytodosth表示“出乎意料的结果”,故选C。

7.单选题

Thetraditionalmarketsretaintheir____forthemanyChinesewhostillpreferfreshfoodlikelivefish,ducks,chickensoverpackagedorfrozengoods.

问题1选项

A.appeal

B.pledge

C.image

D.survival

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.appeal吸引力;感染力B.pledge保证;诺言

C.image形象;印象D.survival生存;存活

【答案】A

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】句意:传统市场对许多中国人仍有……,他们仍然喜欢新鲜食品,如活鱼、活鸭、活鸡,而不是包装或冷冻食品。根据逻辑,后半句讲中国人喜欢新鲜食品,而传统的市场就是售卖新鲜食品,由此可推出传统市场对中国人仍有吸引力。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】传统市场对许多中国人仍有吸引力,他们仍然喜欢新鲜食品,如活鱼、活鸭、活鸡,而不是包装或冷冻食品。

8.单选题

Inmostcountries,themetricsystemhasbeen()forallmeasurement.

问题1选项

A.admitted

B.adapted

C.applied

D.adopted

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。句意:在大多数国家,所有的计量都采用公制。选项D符合句意。

9.单选题

Theorganizationissuedacryofalarmlastweek,citing"()evidence"thatthosechildrenarenotreceivingthesamequalityofeducationastheirricherpeers.

问题1选项

A.comparing

B.completing

C.compelling

D.composing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。comparing“比较的”;completing“完成”;compelling“引人注目的;令人信服的”;composing“起镇静作用的”。句意:该组织上周发出警告,称有“有力的证据”表明,这些孩子接受的教育质量不如他们富裕的同龄人。因此C选项符合题意。

10.单选题

In1923theinnovativeRussianfilmmakerDzigaVertovdescribedfilmmakingasaprocessthatleadsviewerstowarda“freshperceptionoftheworld.”Vertov’sdescriptionoffilmmakingshouldapplytofilmsonthesubjectofart.Yetfilmsonarthavenothadapowerfulandpervasiveeffectonthewaywesee.

Publicationsonartflourish,butthesebooksandarticlesdonotnecessarilysucceedinteachingustoseemoredeeplyormoreclearly.Muchwritinginarthistoryadvancesthediscourseinthefieldbutisunlikelytoinformtheeyeofoneunfamiliarwithitspolemics.Films,however,withtheircapacitytopresentmaterialvisuallyandtoreachabroaderaudience,havethepotentialtoenhancevisualliteracy(theabilitytoidentifythedetailsthatcharacterizeaparticularstyle)moreeffectivelythanpublicationscan.Unfortunately,fewofthehundredorsofilmsonartthataremadeeachyearintheUnitedStatesarebroadcastnationallyonprime-timetelevision.

Thefactthatfilmsonartarerarelyseenonprime-timetelevisionmaybeduenotonlytolimitationsondistributionbutalsototheshortcomingsofmanysuchfilms.Someoftheseshortcomingscanbeattributedtothefailureofarthistoriansandfilmmakerstocollaboratecloselyenoughwhenmakingfilmsonart.Theseprofessionalsareable,withintheirrespectivedisciplines,toincreaseourawarenessofvisualforms.Forclosecollaborationtooccur,professionalsineachdisciplineneedtorecognizethatfilmsonartcanbebotheducationalandentertaining,butthiswillrequirecompromiseonbothsides.Afilmmakerwhoiscreatingafilmabouttheworkofanartistshouldnotfollowthestandardssetbyrockvideosandadvertising.Filmmakersneedtoresisttheimpulsetomovethecameraquicklyfromdetailtodetailforfearofboringtheviewer,toframetheimageforthesakeofdramaalone,toadmusicforfearofsilence.Filmmakersareawarethatanartobjectdemandsconcentrationand,atthesametime,areconcernedthatitmaynotbecompellingenough-andsotheyhopetoprovidereliefbyinterposing“real”scenesthatbearonlyatangentialrelationshiptothesubject.Butaworkofartneedstobeexploredonitsownterms.Ontheotherhand,arthistoriansneedtotrustthatonecanindicateandanalyze,notsolelywithwords,butalsobydirectingtheviewer’sgaze.Thespecializedwrittenlanguageofarthistoryneedstoberelinquishedoratleasttemperedforthescreen.Onlyaneffectivecollaborationbetweenfilmmakersandarthistorianscancreatefilmsthatwillenhanceviewers’perceptionsofart.

1.Thepassagesuggeststhatafilmmakerdesiringtoenhanceviewers’perceptionsofartshoulddowhichofthefollowing?

2.TheauthorofthepassagereferstoVertovinthefirstparagraphmostprobablyinorderto

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?

4.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith(

).

5.Theauthorwouldmostlikelyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfilmandvisualliteracy?

6.Accordingtothepassage,arthistoriansdesiringtoworkwithfilmmakerstoenhancethepublic’sappreciationofartneedtoacknowledgewhichofthefollowing?

7.Whichofthefollowingwoulddescribetheauthor’smostlikelyreactiontoaclaimthatfilmsonartwouldmoresuccessfullypromotevisualliteracyiftheyfollowedthestandardssetforrockvideos?

问题1选项

A.Relyonthepreciselanguageofarthistorywhendevelopingscriptsforfilmsonart.

B.Relyondramaticnarrativeandmusictosetafilm’stoneandstyle.

C.Recognizethataworkofartbyitselfcanbecompellingenoughtoholdaviewer’sattention.

D.Dependmorestronglyonnarrationinsteadofcameramovementstoguidetheviewer’sgaze.

问题2选项

A.provideanexampleofhowfilmscanbeusedtoinfluenceperceptions

B.presentevidencetosupporttheargumentthatfilmshavebeenusedsuccessfullytoinfluenceviewers’perceptions

C.introducethenotionthatfilmcaninfluencehowviewerssee

D.contrastatraditionalviewoftheusesoffilmwithamoremodemview

问题3选项

A.Anobservationaboutanunsatisfactorysituationisoffered,thereasonsforthesituationarediscussed,andthenwaystochangeitaresuggested.

B.Twoopinionsregardingacontroversialphenomenonarecontrasted,supportingevidenceforeachispresented,andthenthetwoopinionsarereconciled.

C.Criticismofapointofviewisdiscussed,thecriticismisanswered,andthenthecriticismisappliedtoanotherpointofview.

D.Apointofviewisdescribed,evidencesupportingtheviewisprovided,andthenasummaryispresented.

问题4选项

A.discussingwhyfilm’spotentialasamediumforpresentingarttothegeneralpublichasnotbeenfullyrealizedandhowfilmmightbemademoreeffectiveinthisregard

B.discussingtheshortcomingsoffilmsonartandthetechnologicalinnovationsrequiredtoincreasetheimpactoffilmonvisualliteracy

C.discussingtheadvantagesandthedisadvantagesofusingfilmsratherthanpublicationstopresentworksofarttothegeneralpublic

D.presentinginformationtosupporttheviewthatfilmsonartmustfocusmoreoneducationandlessonentertainmentinordertoincreasevisualliteracy.

问题5选项

A.Readingapublicationaboutaworkofartandthenseeingafilmaboutthesameworkisthemosteffectivewaytodevelopvisualliteracy.

B.Anincreaseinaviewer’sawarenessofvisualformswillalsoleadtoanincreasedattentionspan.

C.Filmhasagreatbutnotyetfullyexploitedcapacitytoincreaseviewers’awarenessofvisualforms.

D.Afilmthatfocusesonthedetailsofaworkofartwillhinderthedevelopmentofvisualliteracy.

问题6选项

A.Thearthistorian’sroleinthecreationofafilmonartislikelytobearelativelyminorone.

B.Filmcanusenonverbalmeanstoachievesomeofthesameresultsthataspokenorwrittendiscoursecanachieve.

C.Anin-depthanalysisofaworkofartisnotanappropriatetopicforafilmonart.

D.Althoughsilencemaybeanappropriateback-groundwhenviewingaworkofartinamuseum,itisinappropriateinafilm.

问题7选项

A.Ambivalence

B.Indifference

C.Sympathy

D.Disdain

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

第6题:B

第7题:D

【解析】1.根据文章第三段:Filmmakersareawarethatanartobjectdemandsconcentration.制片人要意识到艺术的目标就是吸引注意力。确定C选项‘承认艺术作品本身有足够的魅力可以吸引观众的注意’正确。A选项‘在创作艺术类电影时,需要精准的艺术史语言’、B选项‘设计电影基调与风格时,需要戏剧性的叙事与音乐’和D选项‘要抓住观众的注意力,更多的依靠的是叙事,而不是移动的镜头’与原文不符,排除。

2.根据文章第一段:...describedfilmmakingasaprocessthatleadsviewerstowarda“freshperceptionoftheworld”.Vertov’sdescriptionoffilmmakingshouldapplytofilmsonthesubjectofart.认为电影制作是一个让观众重新感知世界的过程。托夫影制作的描述是把电影看成是一种艺术。确定C选项‘阐述一个概念:电影是如何影响观众的视觉’正确。A选项‘举个例子说明电影可以影响感知力’、B选项‘为以下论点提供论据:电影已经成功影响了观众的感知力’和D选项‘将对电影作用的传统观点与现代观点进行比较’与原文不符,排除。

3.整个文章是按照先讲问题,再分析原因,最后提出解决办法这一模式行文的,所以A选项‘先提出观察到的令人不满意的现状,再分析原因,最后给出解决方法’正确。B选项‘先提出两个矛盾的观点,再提出各自支持的论据,最后将两个矛盾综合’、C选项‘先批驳一个观点,再反驳回去,然后再批驳另一个观点’和D选项‘先提出一个观点,再给支持该观点的论据,最后总结’不符合原文的写作结构,排除。

4.根据文章第二段:Films...havethepotentialtoenhancevisualliteracymoreeffectivelythanpublicationscan:电影比出版物更具有提高观众视觉认识能力的潜力。第三段:Thefactthatfilmsonartarerarelyseenonprime-timetelevisionmaybeduenotonlytolimitationsondistributionbutalsototheshortcomingsofmanysuchfilms.艺术类电影很少在黄金时段播出,究其原因,一方面是因为分配的限制,另一方面就是许多这类影片本身的不足之处。由确定B选项‘讨论艺术类电影本身的不足之处以及技术创新,要求提高对视觉认识能力的影响力’符合题意。A选项‘讨论电影作为媒体,其向大众传播艺术的潜力没有得到充分发挥的原因,以及电影在这方面或许有着更大的效应’、C选项‘讨论与出版物相比,运用电影这一方式向大众宣传艺术作品的优势与劣势’和D选项‘为以下观点提供论据:艺术类电影为了提高观众的视觉认识能力,把重点放在教育意义上而非娱乐性‘不符合原文,排除。

5.根据文章第三段:Afilmmakerwhoiscreatingafilmabouttheworkofanartistshouldnotfollowthestandardssetbyrockvideosandadvertising.创作艺术类影片的制片人不应当遵循拍摄摇滚影片和广告的标准。Butaworkofartneedstobeexploredonitsownterms.Ontheotherhand,arthistoriansneedtotrustthatonecanindicateandanalyze,notsolelywithwords...艺术作品需要开发出属于自己的特色语言或术语。艺术历史学家也要相信观众有能力去辨析,而不是仅仅依靠言语。确定C选项‘电影在提高观众的视觉形式意识方面,大有潜力可挖’正确。A选项‘阅读有关艺术作品的出版物,然后看一场同类型的电影,这是提高观众视觉认识能力最有效的方法’、B选项‘观众视觉认识能力的扩大将扩大观众注意力的范围’和D选项‘以艺术类作品为题裁的电影将会阻碍视觉认识能力的发展’不符合原文。

6.根据文章第三段:Afilmmakerwhoiscreatingafilmabouttheworkofanartistshouldnotfollowthestandardssetbyrockvideosandadvertising.创作艺术类影片的制片人不应当遵循拍摄摇滚影片和广告的标准。Butaworkofartneedstobeexploredonitsownterms.Ontheotherhand,arthistoriansneedtotrustthatonecanindicateandanalyze,notsolelywithwords...:艺术作品需要开发出属于自己的特色语言或术语。艺术历史学家也要相信观众有能力去辨析,而不是仅仅依靠言语。由此确定B选项‘演讲或书面言语所取得的效果,电影可以通过非言语的方式获得同样的效果‘正确。A选项‘艺术历史学家创作艺术类电影的作用相对降低了’、C选项‘进一步分析艺术类作品不适合成为艺术类电影的主题的原因’和D选项‘在博物馆欣赏艺术作品时,寂静与之最为相村,可是这一点并不适合用在电影中’不符合原文,排除。

7.根据文章第三段:Afilmmakerwhoiscreatingafilmabouttheworkofanartistshouldnotfollowthestandardssetbyrockvideosandadvertising.合作艺术类影片的制片人不应当遵循拍摄摇滚影片和广告的标准。Butaworkofartneedstobeexploredonitsownterms.艺术作品需要开发出属于自己的特色语言或术语。由此得出,如果遵照做了,势必产生相反的效果。所以D选项‘蔑视’符合题意。A选项‘矛盾心理’、B选项‘漠不关心’和C选项‘同情’不符合原文,排除。

11.单选题

Todaywemakeroomforaremarkablynarrowrangeofpersonalitystyles.We’retoldthattobegreatistobebold,tobehappyistobesociable.Weseeourselvesasanationofextroverts—whichmeansthatwe’velostsightofwhowereallyare.One-thirdtoone-halfofAmericansareintroverts—intheotherwords,oneoutofeverytwoorthreepeopleyouknow.Ifyou’renotanintrovertyourself,youaresurelyraising,managing,marriedto,orcoupledwithone.

Ifthesestatisticssurpriseyou,that'sprobablybecausesomanypeoplepretendtobeextroverts.Closetintrovertspassundetectedonplaygrounds,inhighschoollockerrooms,andinthecorridorsofcorporateAmerica.Somefooleventhemselves,untilsomelifeevent—alayoff,anemptynest,aninheritancethatfreesthemtospendtimeastheylike―jolts(震惊)themintotakingstockoftheirtruenatures.Youhaveonlytoraisethissubjectwithyourfriendsandacquaintancestofindthatthemostunlikelypeopleconsiderthemselvesintroverts.Itmakessensethatsomanyintrovertshideevenfromthemselves.WelivewithavaluesystemthatIcalltheExtrovertIdeal—theomnipresent(无所不在的)beliefthattheidealselfisgregarious(社交的),andcomfortableinthespotlight.Thearchetypalextrovertprefersactiontocontemplation,risk-takingtoheed-taking,certaintytodoubt.Hefavorsquickdecisions,evenattheriskofbeingwrong.Sheworkswellinteamsandsocializesingroups.Weliketothinkthatwevalueindividuality,butalltoooftenweadmireonetypeofindividual―thekindwho’scomfortable“puttinghimselfoutthere.”Sure,weallowtechnologicallygiftedlonerswholaunchcompaniesingaragestohaveanypersonalitytheyplease,buttheyaretheexceptions,nottherule,andourtoleranceextendsmainlytothosewhogetfabulouslywealthyorholdthepromiseofdoingso.

Introversion—alongwithitscousinssensitivity,seriousness,andshyness—isnowasecond-classpersonalitytrait,somewherebetweenadisappointmentandapathology(变态).IntrovertslivingundertheExtrovertIdealarelikewomeninaman’sworld,discountedbecauseofatraitthatgoestothecoreofwhotheyare.Extroversionisanenormouslyappealingpersonalitystyle,butwe’veturneditintoanoppressivestandardtowhichmostofusfeelwemustconform.

TheExtrovertIdealhasbeendocumentedinmanystudies,thoughthisresearchhasneverbeengroupedunderasinglename.Talkativepeople,forexample,areratedassmarter,better-looking,moreinteresting,andmoredesirableasfriends.Velocityofspeechcountsaswellasvolume:werankfasttalkersasmorecompetentandlikablethanslowones.Eventhewordintrovertisstigmatized—oneinformalstudy,bypsychologistLaurieHelgoe,foundthatintrovertsdescribedtheirownphysicalappearanceinvividlanguage,butwhenaskedtodescribegenericintrovertstheydrewablandanddistastefulpicture.

ButwemakeagravemistaketoembracetheExtrovertIdealsounthinkingly.Someofourgreatestideas,art,andinventions—fromthetheoryofevolutiontovanGogh’ssunflowerstothepersonalcomputer—camefromquietandcerebralpeoplewhoknewhowtotuneintotheirinnerworldsandthetreasurestobefoundthere.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thereexists,asfaraspersonalitystylesareconcerned,adiscrepancybetween(

).

2.TheidealextrovertisdescribedasbeingallthefollowingEXCEPT

).

3.Accordingtotheauthor,oursocietyonlypermits

tohavewhateverpersonalitytheylike.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsBESTreflectstheauthor’sopinion?

5.Theauthorwindsupthepassagewitha

note.

问题1选项

A.whatpeoplesaytheycandoandwhattheyactuallycan

B.whatsocietyvaluesandwhatpeoplepretendtobe

C.whatpeopleprofessandwhatstatisticsshow

D.whatpeopleprofessandwhattheyhidefromothers

问题2选项

A.doubtful

B.sociable

C.determined

D.bold

问题3选项

A.theyoung

B.theordinary

C.theartistic

D.therich

问题4选项

A.Introversionisseenasaninferiortraitbecauseofitsassociationwithsensitivity.

B.Extroversionisarbitraryforcedbysocietyasanormuponpeople.

C.Introvertsaregenerallyregardedaseitherunsuccessfulorasdeficient.

D.Extroversionandintroversionhavesimilarpersonalitytraitprofiles.

问题5选项

A.cautious

B.warning

C.positive

D.humorous

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的Weseeourselvesasanationofextroverts...One-thirdtoone-halfofAmericansareintroverts(我们把自己看作是一个外向的国家……三分之一到一半的美国人是内向的)和第二段中的Ifthesestatisticssurpriseyou,that'sprobablybecausesomanypeoplepretendtobeextroverts.(如果这些统计数据让你感到惊讶,那可能是因为太多人假装外向)可知人们宣称的结果与统计的结果存在不一致,因此选C。

2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Thearchetypalextrovertprefersactiontocontemplation,risk-takingtoheed-taking,certaintytodoubt.(典型的外向型倾向于行动而不是沉思,倾向于冒险而不是谨慎,倾向于确定而不是怀疑)可知“怀疑”不是理想的外向者的特质,因此选A。

3.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的weallowtechnologicallygiftedlonerswholaunchcompaniesingaragestohaveanypersonalitytheyplease,buttheyaretheexceptions,nottherule,andourtoleranceextendsmainlytothosewhogetfabulouslywealthyorholdthepromiseofdoingso.(我们允许在车库里开办公司的技术天才孤独者拥有他们喜欢的任何性格,但他们是例外,而不是规则。我们的宽容主要延伸到那些非常富有的人身上,或是那些信守承诺的人身上)可知社会允许富人拥有他们喜欢的个性,因此选D。

4.主旨大意题。由文章第三段中的Extroversionisanenormouslyappealingpersonalitystyle,butwe’veturneditintoanoppressivestandardtowhichmostofusfeelwemustconform.(外向是一种非常吸引人的个性风格,但我们已经把它变成了一种压迫性的标准,我们大多数人认为我们必须遵守)可知B选项“外向是被社会作为一种规范强加给人们的武断行为”符合题意。

5.观点态度题。由题干关键词windsup(结束)定位到文章的最后一段中,由ButwemakeagravemistaketoembracetheExtrovertIdealsounthinkingly.(但是我们犯了一个严重的错误,不加思考地接受外向的理想主义)可知作者的语气是警告的,因此选B。

12.单选题

TheremedyproposedbyMr.Maxwellissimple,easyand(

).

问题1选项

A.appreciable

B.amendable

C.collapsible

D.practicable

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析题。appreciable可评估的,相当可观的;amendable可修正的;collapsible可折叠的;practicable可实行的,行得通的。

句意:Maxwell先生提出的补救办法简单而且切实可行。选项D符合句意。

13.填空题

(1)hestudiedinAmericaforthreeyears,hecan’twriteEnglishverywell.Heisratherembarrassedbythisnow.He(2)hehadnotspentmoretime(3)hiswrittenEnglishwhilehewasabroad.

句意:尽管在美国学习过三年,但是他的英语书写能力却很差。这让他现在倍感尴尬。他说自己在国外时没有在书面英语上花较多的时间。

【答案】1.Although

2.said

3.on

【解析】1.逻辑分析。空格所在句子与其后面句子构成让步关系。

2.语义题。用said表示“说过”。

3.固定搭配。Spendtimeon花时间在某事上。

14.单选题

Lindawas_______theexperimentamonthago,butshechangedhermindatthelastminute.

问题1选项

A.tostart

B.tohavestarted

C.tobestarting

D.tohavebeenstarting

【答案】B

【解析】考查过去将来完成时。betodo表示按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事,其完成时的形式为be+to+have+done。根据was与changed可知动作发生在过去,“start”这个动作发生在“changed”的之前,故用过去将来完成时,因此选B。句意:琳达本打算一个月前开始做这个实验,但她在最后一刻改变了主意。

15.单选题

Shewasagreathelptoherfamilywhenherfathersufferedamental()andhadtobehospitalized.

问题1选项

A.destruction

B.disaster

C.damage

D.collapse

【答案】

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