考研考博-英语-合肥师范学院考试押题三合一+答案详解3VIP

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-合肥师范学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

（

）

foryourhelp,we’dneverhavebeenabletogetoverthedifficulties.

问题1选项

A.Haditnot

B.Ifitwerenot

C.Haditnotbeen

D.Ifwehadnotbeen

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。虚拟语气的从句可以省略if，采用倒装形式，选项C符合题意。

2.单选题

LondontodayisthepoliticalandfinancialcapitalofGreatBritain.Itbegan,however,asaRomanstronghold,andfollowingtheRomansdeparture,theAnglo-SaxonsandthentheNormanscontrolledit.Londongrewconsiderablyduringthemedievalperiodand,bythesixteenthcentury,wasprimedtobethecenterofunprecedentedgrowth.Mostofthiscanbeattributedtothecity’seconomicdevelopment.LocatedontheThamesRiverwitheasyaccesstotheNorthSea,Londonbecameacenterofshippingandcommerce.Largecorporationswerebasedthere,whichbroughtfurtherwealth.Finally,whentheIndustrialRevolutionbegan,Londonwastransformedevenmoreandhadbecomethefinancialcenteroftheworldbythenineteenthcentury.

TheRomansconqueredBritainin43A.D.andfoundedLondon—calledLondiniumbythem—asagarrisontown,anditbecameacenterofseabornetradesoonafterward.London’slocationwasideal:ItwascentrallysituatedontheThamesRiverfarfromthecoastbutnotsofarinlandthatshipscouldnotnavigateuprivertoit.Assuch,itbecameacenteroftradeinRomanBritainandmayhavehadasmanyas60,000peopleatitsheight.ButthefalloftheRomanEmpireinthefifthcenturyresultedintheRomanabandonmentofBritain,so,forsometime,Londonwasvirtuallyempty.Anglo-Saxonincursionsledtothereoccupationofthearea,butVikinginvasionsanddecadesofinstabilitymeantthattheregionsawlittleeconomicgrowth.WhentheNormansinvadedfromFrancein1066,theychoseLondontotheircenterofgovernment,whichbeganthecity’srevival.

DuringthemidandlateMiddleAges,LondonexpandedasbothatownandeconomiccenterwhentheEuropeanworldbecamemoreconnectedduetotheincreasedshipbuildingandmaritimetrade.Londonwaspoisedtotakeadvantageofthisthankstoitsgeographicallocationandpoliticalpower.ThecitycontinuedtogrowinsizeandwealththroughoutthemedievalperiodaswellasduringtheRenaissance.WhenBritainbegantogaincoloniesintheAmericasandelsewhereinthesixteenthcentury,fabulousamountsofmoneystartedfindingtheirwaytoLondon.

Atthattime,mercantilismisthereigningeconomicphilosophyinBritain.ItcalledfortheprotectingofBritishtradebetweenthehomeislandanditscolonies.ThegovernmentaccordinglyenactedlawsthatimposedtaxesonimportsandprotectedBritishtrade.Themainobjectivesweretoattainatradesurplusandtoamassgoldandsilver.OneresultofthismercantilistphilosophywasthatextraordinarywealthpouredintoLondon.AtthecenterofallBritisheconomicactivity,Londongrewrapidlyandexpandedinsizeandpopulationduringthistime.

Atthesametime,thefoundingofseveralgreatcompaniesandinstitutionspavedthewayforLondontobecomethecenterofworldtradeandfinance.TheBritishEastIndiaCompany,forinstance,wasgrantedamonopolyontradeinIndia.ItwasbasedinLondon,somanytreasuresfromIndiamadetheirwaythere.Thecompanyhadtoraisemoneyforitsinitialventures,soitsoldsharesofstockthatgaveinvestorspiecesofthewealthitwasamassing.ThishelpedestablishtheLondonStockExchange,whichhaditshumblebeginningsinLondon’scoffeeshops,wheremerchantsgatheredtotradestocksandtolearnfinancialnewsfromaroundtheworld.Otherimportantinstitutions,suchastheBankofEnglandandtheinsurancefirmLloyd’sofLondon,werestartedthenaswell.

Duringtheeighteenthcentury,theIndustrialRevolutioncausedtheBritisheconomicphilosophytochangefrommercantilismtocapitalism.Tradewithoverseascoloniesbecamelessimportantwheninvestorsinfactoriesstartedbecomingrich.Britaininitiatedapolicyoffreetrade,soughttoestablishaworldwidemarket,andtradedproductsfromitsmanufacturingindustrywithanyonewhowouldpurchasethem.Londonwasatthecenterofthiseconomicaction.Thedevelopmentoffaststeamships,thetelegraph,andthetelephoneinthenineteenthcenturyconnectedLondonwiththeentireworld,soitbecametheworld’sfinancialcenter.Itsbankswereusedtotransferfundsworldwide,itsfinancialinstitutionsprovidedcapitalforinvestors,anditsdocksandwarehouseswerefilledwithrawmaterialsandgoodsfromaroundtheworld.Unfortunately,theonsetofWorldWarIin1914broughtthisentiresystemtoahalt.

21.Thewordprimedinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto________.

22.Accordingtotheparagraph2,theRomansleftLondonbecause________.

23.Inparagraph3,theauthorusesshipbuildingandmaritimetradeasexampleof________.

24.Theauthor’sdescriptionofmercantilisminparagraph4mentionswhichofthefollowing?

25.Inparagraph5,theauthor’sdescriptionoftheBritishEastIndiaCompanymentionswhichofthefollowing?

问题1选项

A.positioned

B.inspired

C.appointed

D.expected

问题2选项

A.theAnglo-SaxonsinvadedanddefeatedtheRomansinbattle

B.theentireRomanEmpirefell,sotheRomanstheredeparted

C.therewerefeweconomicbenefitstogainbylivingthere

D.theRomanshadnoneedforaseaportsofarnorthofRome

问题3选项

A.twoaspectsofthemedievaleconomyinwhichLondonwasaEuropeanleader

B.thereasonsthatBritainstartedtoacquirethecoloniesintheAmerica

C.theprimaryfactorswhyBritainbecamewealthyduringtheRenaissance

D.reasonsthatLondonstartedtobecomemoreprominentintheMiddleAges

问题4选项

A.Itfocusedonsellinggoodstoothersratherthanpurchasingthem.

B.ItwasaneconomicphilosophythathaditsoriginsinGreatBritain.

C.ItenabledLondontogrowrichattheexpenseofotherBritishcities.

D.ItcontributedtotheBritishcoloniesbeinglesswealthythanthehomeisland.

问题5选项

A.ItplayedamajorroleinthefoundingofastockexchangeinLondon.

B.ThecompanywashighlyeffectiveatkeepingIndiaunderBritishcontrol.

C.ItsstockwasmorevaluablethanthatofanyotherBritishcorporation.

D.SeveralmembersoftheBritishgovernmentwereshareholdersinit.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】21.语义推测题。Prime的意思是“使准备好，使进入状态”，根据第一段第三句Londongrewconsiderablyduringthemedievalperiodand,bythesixteenthcentury,wasprimedtobethecenterofunprecedentedgrowth.（伦敦在中世纪时期大幅增长，到了16世纪，预计将成为增长速度史无前例的经济中心。），因为伦敦在中世纪时期大幅增长，所以有了后面成为增长速度史无前例的经济中心的结果，这里有一个推断关系，所以D选项“预期”符合题意。A选项“放置”，B选项“鼓舞”和C选项“委任”不符合题意，故错误。因此D选项正确。

22.事实细节题。根据第二段第四句ButthefalloftheRomanEmpireinthefifthcenturyresultedintheRomanabandonmentofBritain,so,forsometime,Londonwasvirtuallyempty.（但五世纪罗马帝国的衰落导致罗马人放弃了不列颠，所以有一段时间，伦敦实际上是空的。），罗马帝国的衰落让罗马人离开伦敦，所以B选项“整个罗马帝国灭亡了，所以那里的罗马人离开了”正确，A选项“盎格鲁•撒克逊人入侵并打败了罗马人”，C选项“住在那里几乎没有什么经济利益”和D选项“罗马人不需要在罗马北部这样偏远的地方建海港”不符合题意。因此B选项正确。

23.推理判断题。根据第三段DuringthemidandlateMiddleAges,LondonexpandedasbothatownandeconomiccenterwhentheEuropeanworldbecamemoreconnectedduetotheincreasedshipbuildingandmaritimetrade.（中世纪中后期，伦敦作为一个城镇和经济中心扩张，由于造船和海上贸易的增加，欧洲世界变得更加联系紧密。），可知英国在中世纪变成经济中心是因为造船和海上贸易，所以D选项“伦敦在中世纪开始变得更加突出的原因”正确。A选项“在中世纪，伦敦在这两个方面的经济是欧洲的领导者”不是表达的重点，而且文章的意思是英国经济在总体上在欧洲领先，故错误。B选项“英国开始在美洲获得殖民地的原因”和C选项“英国在文艺复兴时期变得富有的主要因素”这里没有提到，故错误。因此D选项正确。

24.事实细节题。A选项“注重于向别人销售商品而不是购买商品”：根据第四段第四句Themainobjectivesweretoattainatradesurplusandtoamassgoldandsilver.（其主要目标是实现贸易顺差和积累黄金和白银。），可知是注重出口，也就是注重销售，所以正确。B选项“这是起源于英国的经济哲学”：mercantilismisthereigningeconomic（重商主义是英国占统治地位的经济哲学），这里并没有表示这起源于英国，故错误。C选项“让伦敦以牺牲其他英国城市为代价而致富”：根据第四段第三句ThegovernmentaccordinglyenactedlawsthatimposedtaxesonimportsandprotectedBritishtrade.（政府因此颁布了对进口商品征税的法律，保护英国的贸易。），可知英国同时保护本土与殖民地的贸易，故错误。D选项“让英国殖民地不如本国岛富裕”：文章没有提到，故错误。因此A选项正确。

25.事实细节题。根据第五段第四、五句Thecompany…soldsharesofstockthatgaveinvestorspiecesofthewealthitwasamassing.ThishelpedestablishtheLondonStockExchange（该公司……出售股票，让投资者分得它正在积累的部分财富。这帮助建立了伦敦证券交易所），可知东印度公司出售股票的举动推动建立伦敦证券交易所，所以A选项“在伦敦证券交易所的建立中发挥了重要作用”正确。B选项“非常有效地将印度置于英国的控制之下”，C选项“其股票比任何其他英国公司的股票更有价值”和D选项“英国政府的几个成员是它的股东”文章没有提到，故错误。因此A选项正确。

3.单选题

Thefutureoftheworld’sclimateis______withtheriseoftemperature,wewillhavemoreextremeweathers.

问题1选项

A.atodds

B.introuble

C.invain

D.atstake

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项atodds“争执，不一致”，B项introuble“在监禁中，处于不幸中”，C项invain“徒劳，无效”，D项atstake“处于危险之中，在紧要关头”。根据空格后面部分的句子意思“随着气温的升高，我们将会有更多的极端天气”可推断，空格处填入D项符合。句意：随着气温的上升，世界气候的未来岌岌可危，我们将会有更多的极端天气。因此，该题选择D项正确。

4.单选题

Thereare,asyet,novegetationtypesorecosystemswhosestudyhasbeen（

）totheextentthattheynolonger（

）ecologists.

问题1选项

A.perfected...hinder

B.erest

C.prolonged...necessitate

D.vetoed...challenge

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析。A选项perfect“使完美”；hinder“隐藏，藏起来”；B选项exhaust“排出，耗尽”；interest“引起的兴趣”；C选项prolong“延长，拖延”；necessitate“使成为必需”；D选项vote“投票”；challenge“挑战”。根据句意‘然而由于一些植被类型或者生态系统的研究已经很完善了，它们不再需要专家。’A选项正确。

5.单选题

Ifnoacquisitionwascognizedasrightfuleveninaprovisionalway（）enteringthecivilcondition,thecivilconditionitselfwouldbeimpossible.

问题1选项

A.anteriorbefore

B.posteriorto

C.priorbefore

D.priorto

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析和固定搭配。anterior“先前的”；posteriorto“晚于”；priorto“居先”；prior“优先的”。句意：如果获取行为被认为是合理的，甚至是以暂时的方式提前申请民用条件，那么民用条件本身变得不可能。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

Youshoulddimyourlightsinordernottodazzlethe（

）traffic.

问题1选项

A.meeting

B.facing

C.advancing

D.oncoming

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项meeting“会面，会合”；B选项facing“面朝的，对面的”；C选项advancing“前进的，年长的”；D选项oncoming“接近的，迎面而来的”。句意：为了不使迎面而来的车辆眼花缭乱，你应该把灯调暗。选项D符合语境。

7.单选题

AccordingtonewresearchofProf.RandolphMensalfromtheFreeUniversityinBerlin,thepopularimageofbeesastheultimatehardworkerswasinaccurate.“Althoughweseebeesbuzzingaroundtirelesslyinspringandsummer,thecommonbeliefinabee’sbusynatureisbasedonamisconception,”hesaid.Peopleonlyreallyseebeeswhenthey’reoutflying,ortheylookatacolonyofbeesandseethousandsofthembuzzingaround.Theydon’tgettopickthemoutasindividuals.Theprofessor,whothismonthwonaGermanZoologicalSocietyawardforhisworkonbees,addedthatbeescompensatedfortheirapparentlazinesswithhighintelligence:advancedmemoryskillsandanabilitytolearnquickly.

ThesuggestionthatbeeswerenotpullingtheirweightmetwithskepticismfromBritishbeekeepers.GlynDavies,thePresidentoftheBritishBeekeepersAssociation,saidthatbeeswerenotlazybutefficient.“Atanyparticularstageinitslife,abeehasaspecificjobtodo.Iftheyare

unabletodothatjob,theyconservetheirenergybydoingnothing.Eachbeehasaunitoflifeenergyandthefasteritworks,thefasteritdies.Theyarebeingverywiseandperhapshumansshouldtrytofollowtheirexampleinsteadofrunningaboutlikeheadlesschickens.”

Theideaofthebusybeeisseveralthousandyearsold.OnecurrentauthorwhohasnothingbutadmirationforthebeeisPaulTheroux,thenovelistandpart-timebeekeeper.“Ihaveneverseenabeesleeping.Mybeesneverstopworking,”hesaid.Mr.Theroux,whokeeps85hiveseachcontaining300,000beesinHawaii,addedthatProf.Mendel’sresearchcouldhavebeenaffectedbyhisnationalorigins.“PerhapsincomparisontotheGermanrateofwork,thebeedoeslooklazy,”hesaid.

Fewpeoplethinkthatthebusybeeideawillgoaway,despitetheeffortsofProf.MensahItperformstoomanyusefulfunctionsinourculture.Infact,theworshipofbeesseemstobeundergoingarenaissance.IBMrecentlyranaseriesofadsdrawingonthe“waggledance”ofbees,tellingbusinessmento“makeyourbusinesswaggle.”

1.Prof.RandolphMendel’slatestresearch（

）.

2.AccordingtoProf.RandolphMensal,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.AccordingtoGlynDavies,whatshouldwelearnfrombees?

4.TheIBMadsinthepassageareusedto（

）.

问题1选项

A.challengesourknowledgeoftherelationsamongbees

B.confirmsourknowledgeoftherelationsamongbees

C.challengesourperceptionofthenatureofbees

D.confirmsourperceptionofthematureofbees

问题2选项

A.Beesarehardworking.

B.Beesarequicklearners.

C.Beeshaveintelligence.

D.Beeshavegoodmemory.

问题3选项

A.Howtoworkfaster.

B.Howtolivelonger.

C.Howtocooperatewitheachother.

D.Howtoimproveworkefficiency.

问题4选项

A.showthepopularityoftheideaofbusybees

B.emphasizethenegativeimageofbusybees

C.initiatepublicdiscussionsonthebusybeeimage

D.questionthecomparisonofbusybeestohumans

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的thepopularimageofbeesastheultimatehardworkerswasinaccuratethecommonbeliefinabee’sbusynatureisbasedonamisconception（人们普遍认为蜜蜂是终极的辛勤工作者，这种形象是不准确的……人们对蜜蜂勤劳的天性的普遍看法是基于一种误解）可知Prof.RandolphMendel的最新研究挑战了我们对蜜蜂本质的认识，因此选C。

2.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的addedthatbeescompensatedfortheirapparentlazinesswithhighintelligence:advancedmemoryskillsandanabilitytolearnquickly（他补充说，蜜蜂用高智力来弥补他们明显的懒惰：先进的记忆技能和快速学习的能力）可知Prof.RandolphMensal认为蜜蜂并不是勤劳的，因此选A。

3.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的beeswerenotlazybutefficient...Theyarebeingverywiseandperhapshumansshouldtrytofollowtheirexampleinsteadofrunningaboutlikeheadlesschickens.（蜜蜂不是懒惰，而是有效率的……他们非常聪明，也许人类应该效仿他们，而不是像无头苍蝇一样到处乱跑）可知D选项“如何提高工作效率”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的Infact,theworshipofbeesseemstobeundergoingarenaissance.（事实上，对蜜蜂的崇拜似乎正在经历复兴）以及此句话后便列举了蜜蜂做广告的例子，可推测勤劳的蜜蜂这种思想是受欢迎的，因此选A。

8.单选题

Attheweddingceremony,thebridegroomandhisbrideexchangedringsasa______oftheirlove.

问题1选项

A.present

B.token

C.mark

D.sign

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.present礼物；礼品B.token象征；标志

C.mark污点；污渍D.sign迹象；征兆

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据thebridegroomandhisbrideexchangedrings（新郎和新娘交换了戒指）可推知，交换戒指是爱情的象征，故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】在婚礼上，新郎和新娘交换了戒指作为他们爱情的象征。

9.单选题

（）anincreaseinanti-SemiticrhetoricandreligiousdiscriminationinLatinAmerica,thePanAmericanDevelopmentFoundationandtheU.S.DepartmentofStatelauncheda“BelieveinTolerance”projectinspring2014.

问题1选项

A.Accordingto

B.Contraryto

C.Inresponseto

D.Inadditionto

【答案】C

【解析】词组辨析。accordingto“根据”；contraryto“与……相反”；inresponseto“应对”；inadditionto“除外”。句意：为了应对拉丁美洲反犹太教和宗教歧视的情况，泛美发展基金会和美国国务院在2014年春季发起了一个“相信宽容”的项目。选项C符合题意。

10.单选题

By1914,tenoftheWesternstateshadgrantedwomentherighttovote,but（

）.

问题1选项

A.onlyoneintheEast

B.onlyoneeasternstate

C.intheEastonlyonestatedid

D.onlyoneintheEasthad

【答案】A

【解析】考查语法。前后句子的谓语相同，故后半句的谓语部分可省略。句意：到1914年，西部的十个州已经赋予妇女投票权，但是东部只有一个州的妇女有投票权。故A项正确。

11.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

这一点，加上这里的多元化社会、不拘礼仪的生活方式和宜人的气候，使得国外英才近悦远来。

一般来说，人可以分为三类：累死的人，愁死的人和烦死的人。

爱情是人类不变的追求，改变的只是人们对爱情的阐释。

人类历史发展长河中，人们主要关心的是能源有利的一面。

仅仅知道什么是对，什么是错是不够的，还必须能把这一知识运用到具体情况中。

【答案】This,alongwiththepluralisticsociety,aninformallifestyleandpleasantclimate,attractsforeigntalentstoitsshores.

Generallyspeaking,humanbeingscouldbedividedintothreetypes:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andwhoareannoyedtodeath.

Loveishuman’sconstantpursuit.Thethingthatchangedistheinterpretationofit.

Duringthehistoryofhumandevelopment,thedominantconcernsaboutenergyhavecenteredonthebenefitsideofenergy.

Itisnotenoughtotellrightfromwrong.Itisnecessarytoapplythisknowledgetothespecificsituations.

12.单选题

Theterm"remotesensing"referstothetechniquesofmeasurementandinterpretationofphenomenafromadistance.Priortothemid-1960stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheearth'sgeologicfeatures.Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum:therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth'ssurface.Digitalmultispectralimaginghasnowbecomethebasictoolingeologicremotesensingfromsatellites.

Theadvantageofdigitaloverphotographicimagingisevident:theresultingnumericaldataarepreciselyknown,anddigitaldataarenotsubjecttothevagariesofdifficult-to-controlchemicalprocessingwithdigitalprocessing,itispossibletocombinealargenumberofspectralimages.Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfrom,themultispectralscanner(MSS)aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.LandsatMSSdataarenowbeingappliedtoavarietyofgeologicproblemsthataredifficulttosolvebyconventionalmethodsalone.Theseincludespecificproblemsinmineralandenergyresourceexplorationandthechartingofglaciersandshallowseas.

Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.Regionalmapspresentcompositionalstructuralandchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicrevolution.Suchreconstructionshaveimportantpracticalapplicationsbecausetheconditionsunderwhichrockunitsandotherstructuralfeaturesareformedinfluencetheoccurrenceoforeandpetroleumdepositsandaffectthethicknessandintegrityofthegeologicmediainwhichthedepositsarefound.

Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements,butthemapsmustbeinterpretativebecausefieldmeasurementsarealwayslimitedbyrockexposure,accessibilityandlaborresources.Withremote-sensingtechniques,itispossibletoobtainmuchgeologicinformationmoreefficientlythanitcanbeobtainedontheground.Thesetechniquesalsofacilitateoverallinterpretation.Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallareas,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathadintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.However,somecriticalinformationcannotbeobtainedthroughremotesensing,andseveralcharacteristicsoftheLandsatMSSimposelimitationsontheacquisitionofdiagnosticdata.Someoftheselimitationscanbeovercomebydesigningsatellitesystemsespeciallyforgeologicpurposes;buttobemosteffective,remotesensingdatamuststillbecombinedwithdatafromfieldsurveys,laboratorytests,andthetechniquesoftheearliertwentiethcentury.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbemeasuredbytheoptomechanicalscannerbutnotbyvisiblelightphotograph?

2.Landsimagesdifferfromconventionalgeologicmapsinthattheformer（

）.

3.Thepassageprovidesinformationaboutallofthefollowingtopicsexcept（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormentionabout“theconventionalmethods”？

5.Accordingtotheauthor（

）.

问题1选项

A.Theamountofvisiblelightreflectedfromoceans

B.DailytemperaturechangesofareasontheEarth’ssurface.

C.Thedegreeofradioactivityemittedbyexposedrocksontheearth'ssurface.

D.Atmosphericconditionsoverlargelandmasses.

问题2选项

A.revealtheexactsizeofpetroleumdepositsandoredeposits

B.indicatethecontinuityoffeaturesthatmightnototherwisebeinterpretedascontinuous

C.predictthemovementsofglaciers

D.providehighlyaccuratedataabouttheoccurrenceofmineraldeposits

问题3选项

A.theprinciplemethodofgeologicremotesensingpriortothemid-1960s

B.somephenomenameasuredbydigitalmultispectralimagesinremotesensing

C.someofthepracticalusesofregionalgeologicmaps.

D.problemsthataredifficulttosolvesolelythroughconventionalmethodsofgeologicmapping

问题4选项

A.Theyconsistprimarilyoffieldsurveysandlaboratorymeasurements.

B.Theyarenotusefulinprovidinginformationnecessaryforreconstructinggeologicevolution.

C.Theyhaverarelybeenusedbygeologistssince1972.

D.Theyareusedprimarilytogathercompositionalinformationaboutgeologicfeatures.

问题5选项

A.geologicmappingisbasicallyanartandnotascience

B.geologicmappinghasnotchangedsignificantlysincetheearly1960s

C.geologicmappingwillhavelimitedpracticalapplicationsuntilremote-sensingsystemsareperfected

D.adevelopmentalmilestoneingeologicmappingwasreachedin1972

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段：Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum,therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth’ssurface.随着光机械扫描仪的发展，科学家开始利用那些超出可见光摄影术感知范围的数据构造数字化多谱线图像。这些图像的建造是通过用机械手段对一些现象的图像进行整理，如可见光谱外光波的反射，无线电波的折射以及地球表面一些地区日常温度的变化。确定B选项’地球表面许多地区温度的日间变化‘正确。

2.根据第四段Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallarea,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathaveintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.由于详尽的地质绘图一般在小的范围内进行，所以那些具有断断续续和多变量的区域特征的连续性就经常不能被认可，但是Landsat卫星的全方位的观察角度，能将这一连续性呈现出来。确定B选项’指明特征的连续性并不能解释为连续性‘正确。

3.根据第一段：Priortothemid-1960'stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheEarth’sgeologicfeatures.在20世会己中叶之前，对胶片的解释是对地球地质特征进行遥感的主要方法。所以A选项‘地质遥感的主要方法在20世纪60年代之前就出现‘符合原文。再根据第一段Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.随着光机械扫描仪的发展，科学家#始构造数字化多谱线图像，利用那些超出可见光影敏感范围的数据。确定B选项’出现了在遥感中利用数字化多谱线图像进行测量的现象’符合原文。根据第三段：Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.：区域地图向重构地质进化过程，提供了成分、结构及时间顺序等信息。确定C选项‘一些地区地质图有实用性’符合原文。所以排除法D选项‘通过传统的地质绘图方法很难解决问题’文中未提及，符合题意。

4.根据第三段：Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.遥感更基本的应用是增强传统的大范围的地质绘图的方法。Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.区域地图向重构地质进化过程，提供了成分、结构及时间顺序等信息。再根据第四段：Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements…地质图采集了数量繁多、形形色色的一整套具体的实地测量和实验室测量数据。推断出A选项‘它们主要包括实地考察、实验室测量’正确。B选项‘在重构地质进化过程中，他们没有能提供必要的信息’与原文不符。C选项‘自1972年之后，他们很少被地质学家用到。‘1972年是这一技术发展的里程碑之年，与原文不符。D选项’它们主要被用来收集有关地质特征的构成信息‘与原文不符。

5.根据第二段Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfromthemultispectralscanner（MSS）aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.1972年，安装在Landsat卫星上的多谱线扫描仪传送出来的首批多谱线的数字数据，吸引了整个地学界的注意。确定D选项’1972年成为地质制图发展的里程碑‘正确。

13.单选题

Somecriminalswereprinting（）dollarbillsuntiltheywerearrested.

问题1选项

A.decent

B.fake

C.patent

D.suspicious

【答案】B

【解析】句意:有些罪犯直到被逮捕吋还正在印刷伪造的美钞。

考查形容词辨析。decent像样的，相当不错的，正派的，得体的，相当好的；fake假的，伪造的，冒充的；patent专利的，显然的；suspicious可疑的，怀疑的，多疑的。故B符合句意。

14.填空题

Theimpactoftheiractivitiesisincreasedimportanceatatimewhenmostgovernmentsmanagetheeconomywithoneeyeontheunemploymentstatistics.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Aincreasedimportance改为ofincreasedimportance

【解析】【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】A部分前面是be动词，A部分所在内容为表语，这里表达的意思是活动的影响很重要，固定搭配为beofimportance，所以这里应为ofincreasedimportance。

【句意】在大多数政府管理经济时都只关注失业统计数据的时候，这些企业活动的影响变得越来越重要。

15.翻译题

Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChineseontheANSWERSHEET.

Twoyearsago,theUnitedNationswarnedthatadiseasecalled“Panamacoulddestroy”muchoftheworldsbananacrop.Sincethen,thingshavenotgottenbetter.AnewoutbreakwasdiscoveredlastyearinAustralia.ThediseasestartedinAsiainthe1990s,andlaterspreadtoAfricaandtheMiddleEast.

WorldhealthofficialsworrythediseasecouldtraveltoLatinAmerica,oneofthetopbananaproducersintheworld.

(41)ThePanamadiseaseisabigconcernbecausebananasareanimportantsourceofincomeandnutrientsformillionsofpeople.Theyaregrownin135tropicalnations.TheUnitedNationslistsbananasasoneofthemostimportantfoods,alongwithrice,wheatandcorn.Bananasalsocontainachemicalwhichitsaysmakespeoplefeelhappy.

RandyPloetz,aprofessorattheUniversityofFlorida,isconsideredbymanyasAmerica’stopbananaexpert,or,“topbanana.”AsheexplainedPanamadiseaseaffectstheCavendishbanana,whichisthemostpopularamongmorethan500kindsofbananas.

“Theindustryiswakinguptotheproblem,”PloetzsaidThursdaybytelephonefromMiami,Florida,wherehewasattendingtheInternationalBananaCongress.

ThemeetingwassupposedtotakeplaceinCostaRica,butwasmovedatthelastminute.TherewereconcernsbananagrowerscouldspreadPanamadiseasefromdirtcollectedontheirshoes.Ploetzsaid.

(42)Ploetz(普罗慈)saidifthediseasespreadstoLatinAmerica,itcouldhurttheworld’seconomyalongwithfoodsuppliesformillionsofpeople.Still,hesaidthereisreasonforhope.ScientistsinAustraliaareworkingonageneticallyengineeredbananathatmightnotbeatriskofgettingPanamadisease.Buthewonderedifpeoplearereadytoacceptgeneticallyengineeredbananas.

RobertBertramischiefscientistfortheU.S.AgencyforInternationalDevelopment(USAID).Hesaidbananasareimportanttomanymillionsofpeopleallovertheworld.“InAfrica,AsiaandtropicalAmerica,bananasareanimportantfoodsourceformorethan100millionpeople,hetoldVOA.”Asacashcrop,bananasaresoldinlocal,regionalandinternationalmarkets,”Bertramsaid.Bananaexportsprovidejobsandforeignmoneythatproducingcountriesneed,hesaid.

BertramsaidUSAIDisorganizingaworldwideefforttoresistPanamadisease.Afungus,knownasTR4,causesthePanamadisease.Before2013Bertramsaid,itwaslimitedtoAsia.Sincethen,itspreadtotheMiddleEastandtoAfrica.Inthe1960s,thesamefunguswipedouttheGrosMichel,bananacrop,whichatthetimewastheworld’smostpopular.TheCavendi