考研考博-英语-哈尔滨理工大学考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-哈尔滨理工大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Duringhistwo-monthstayinChina,Tomnever（）achancetopracticehisChinese.

问题1选项

A.passedon

B.passedup

C.passedby

D.passedout

【答案】B

【解析】动词词组辨析。passon传递，继续，去世；passup拒绝，错过；passby走过，经过；passout分发，昏倒。这里指没有错过一次练习中文的机会。选项B符合句意。

2.单选题

Sincethetwocountriescouldn’t（

）theirdifferences,theydecidedtodeclarewaroneachother.

问题1选项

A.resign

B.renew

C.recover

D.restore

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。resign“辞职，放弃”；renew“更新”；recover“恢复”；restore“恢复，还原”。

句意：由于两国不能放弃他们的不同之处，他们决定相互宣战。选项A符合题意。

3.单选题

Eversinceitsdiscovery,Plutohasneverreallyfittedin.AfterthepaleandglowinggiantNeptune,itislittlemorethanacosmicdustmite,sweptthroughthefarthestreachesofthesolarsystemonaplanewildlytiltedrelativetotherestoftheplanets.ItissmallerthanNeptune'slargestmoon,andthearcofitsorbitissoovalthatitoccasionallycrossesitsmassiveblueneighbor’spath.

Foryears,ithasbeenseenasoursolarsystem'soddestplanet.Yesterday,however,scientistsreleasedperhapsthemostconvincingevidenceyetthatPluto,infact,isnotaplanetatall.Forthefirsttime,astronomershavepeeredintoabeltofrocksbeyondPlutounknownuntil10yearsago—andfoundaworldthatrivalsPlutoinsize.Thescientistspositthatlargerrocksmustbeoutthere,perhapsevenlargerthanPluto,meaningPlutoismorelikelythekingofthisdistantrealmofspacedetritusthanthetiniestofthenineplanets.

Whendiscoveredin1930,’’Plutoatthatpointwastheonlything(thatfar)outthere,sotherewasnothingelsetocallitbutaplanet,"saysMikeBrown,anastronomerattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadena.“Nowitjustdoesn'tfit.”Inonesense,thequestionofPluto’splanetarystatusisarcane,theprovinceofpocket-protectedscientistsandsun-deprivedpenpushersdeterminedtodecidesomeofficialdesignationforaballofdustandice3billionmilesaway.

Yetitisalsounquestionablysomethingmore.Fromsciencefairdioramastogovernmentfunding,planetsholdaspecialplaceinthepublicimagination,andhowPlutoiseventuallyseen—bykidsandCongressalike—couldshapewhatfuturegenerationslearnaboutthismysteriousoutpostontheedgeofthesolarsystem.Thedebatehasspilttheastronomicalcommunityfordecades.EvenbeforethedistantbandofrocksknownastheKuiperBeltwasfound,Pluto'sunusualbehaviormadeitsuspicious.

Elsewhere,thesolarsystemfitintonearfamilies:therockyinnerplanets,theasteroidbelt,thehugeandgaseousouterplanets.Pluto,though,waspeculiar.WiththediscoveryoftheKuiperBelt~countlessbitsofrockandiceleftunusedwhenthewheelofthesolarsystemfirstformed—Plutosuddenlyseemedtohavecousins.Yetuntilyesterday,itheldtoitsplanetarydistinctionbecauseitwasfarlargerthananythinglocatedthere.

TherubnowisQuaoar(pronouncedKWAH-oar),1billionmilesbeyondPlutoandroughlyhalfaslarge.NamedafterthecreationforceofthetribethatoriginallyinhabitedtheLosAngelesbasin,Quaoarforecastsproblemsfortheerstwhileninthplanet,saysdiscovererDr.Brown:"ThecaseisgoingtogetalothardertodefendthedaysomebodyfindssomethinglargerthanPluto."

Tosome,theproblemisnotwithPluto,butthedefinitionof"planet".Inshort,thereisnone.TotheGreeks,whocoinedtheterm,itmeant’wanderer”,describingthewaythattheplanetsmovedacrossthenightskydifferentlyfromthestarsbehindthem.Today,withourmorenuancedunderstandingoftheuniverse,thewordnolongerhasmuchscientificmeaning.

NewYork’sHaydenPlanetariumcausedacommotiontwoyearsagobysupposedlydemotingPluto,lumpingitwiththeKuiperBeltobjectsinitshugemobileofthesolarsystem.“Inreality,however,theplanetariumwasmakingamuchbroaderstatement，’’saysNellDegrasseTyson,anastrophysicistthere.Thetextbooksofthefutureshouldfocusmoreonfamiliesoflikeobjectsthan”planets，’.ThediscoveryofQuaoarstrengthensthisidea:"Everyoneneedstorethinkthestructureofoursolarsystem,"hesays,“We'vejuststoppedcountingplanets."

Still,manyareloathtopartwiththeplanetPluto.TheynotethatPluto,infact,isdistinctfrommanyKuiperBeltobjects.Ithasathinatmosphere,forone.Itreflectsagreatdealoflight,whilemostKuiperBeltobjectsareverydark.AndunlikeallbutahandfulofknownKuiperBeltobjects,ithasamoon.”MaybePluto,then,shouldberepresentativeofanewclassofplanets,"saysMarkSykes,anastronomerattheUniversityofArizonainTucson,nIt*sthefirstexample,andwearejustbeginningtofindthiscategory?'

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

2.FromwhenwasPlutoseriouslyquestionedaboutitsplanetarystatus?

3.Thesentence"Inshort,thereisnone."(Para.7)canbeparaphrasedaswhichofthefollowing?

4.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTsupportthestatementthatPlutoisour”solarsystem’soddestplanet”?

5.Theword’’commotion”intheexpression"NewYork’sHaydenPlanetariumcausedacommotiontwoyearsago”(Para.8)canbereplacedby（

）.

问题1选项

A.RockslargerthanPlutohavebeenfoundintheKuiperBelt

B.TheKuiperBeltdidnotexistwhenPlutowasfirstdiscovered

C.TheastronomersaredividedwithregardtothestatusofPluto

D.ThereisalmostnodifferencebetweenPlutoandotherKuiperBeltobject

问题2选项

A.Asearlyas1930.

B.Morethanadecadeago.

C.WhentheKuiperBeltwasdiscovered.

D.WhenQuaoarwasdiscovered.

问题3选项

A.ThereisnoproblemwithPluto'splanetarystatus

B.ThereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenPlutoandotherplanets.

C.Thereisyetnoscientificdefinitionoftheterm"planet*'.

D.Thereisnocleardistinctionbetweenplanetsandstars.

问题4选项

A.Itsorbitistoooval.

B.Itisunusuallysmall.

C.Itisfarthestfromthesun.

D.Itmainlyconsistsofdustandice.

问题5选项

A.exchangeofopinions

B.wildimagination

C.thoroughinvestigation

D.agitatedconfusion

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。题干询问‘根据短文，下列哪个选项是正确的?’。A选项“在柯伊伯带已发现比冥王星更大的岩石”和B选项“在冥王星被首次发现时，柯伊伯带是不存在的”在文中没有提及，排除；由最后一段第二句“TheynotethatPluto,infact,isdistinctfrommanyKuiperBeltobjects.他们注意到冥王星实际上不同于许多柯伊伯带的天体。”确定D选项“冥王星与其它柯伊伯带物体之间几乎没有差异”错误。由第三段第二句“Inonesense,thequestionofPluto'splanetarystatusisarcane,在某种意义上，冥王星的行星地位问题是晦涩难解的”和第四段中“Thedebatehasspilttheastronomicalcommunityfordecades.十年来，这个争论一直困扰着天文学界，让天文学界分成了持不同观点的派系。”确定C选项“关于冥王星的地位，天文学家们出现了分歧”正确。

2.推理判断题。题干询问‘冥王星的行星地位从什么时候开始受到严肃的质疑?’。

文章第一段第一句“Eversinceitsdiscovery,Plutohasneverreallyfittedin.自从发现它以后，冥王星事实上一直未能融入太阳系。”根据第二段第二句“Yesterday,however,scientistsreleasedperhapsthemostconvincingevidenceyetthatPluto,infact,isnotaplanetatall.Forthefirsttime,astronomershavepeeredintoabeltofrocksbeyondPluto…然而，昨天，科学家们发布了可能是迄今为止最令人信服的证据，证明冥王星实际上根本不是一颗行星。天文学家们第一次观测到冥王星以外的岩石带。”和第四段最后一句“EvenbeforethedistantbandofrocksknownastheKuiperBeltwasfound,Pluto'sunusualbehaviormadeitsuspicious.甚至在遥远的柯伊伯带被发现之前，冥王星的异常行为就已经让人产生了怀疑。”，确定C选项“当凯伯带被发现时”符合题意，正确。

3.推理判断题。题干询问‘他说:“简而言之，没有。”(第7段)可改述为下列哪一项?’，所以答案在第七段。由第七段第一句“Tosome,theproblemisnotwithPluto,butthedefinitionof’’planet’.在一些人看来，这个问题（即冥王星是否是行星的问题）与冥王星无关，而是与对‘行星’的定义有关。”、第七段第二句“TotheGreeks,whocoinedtheterm,itmeant'wanderer",describingthewaythattheplanetsmovedacrossthenightskydifferentlyfromthestarsbehindthem.对于创造了“漫游者”一词的希腊人来说，它的意思是“漫游者”，描述行星在夜空中移动的方式与它们背后的恒星不同。”及第七段最后一句“Today,withourmorenuancedunderstandingoftheuniverse,thewordnolongerhasmuchscientificmeaning.今天，随着我们对宇宙更加细致入微的理解，这个词不再有太多的科学意义。”确定C选项“对术语‘行星’仍没有科学定义”正确。

4.细节事实题。题干询问‘下面哪个选项不支持冥王星是我们“太阳系中最奇怪的行星”的说法?’。由第一段第二句“AfterthepaleandglowinggiantNeptune，itislittlemorethanacosmicdustmite,sweptthroughthefarthestreachesofthesolarsystem...苍白,发光的巨头海王星之后,它只不过是一个宇宙尘螨，横扫最远到达太阳系的……”确定B选项“它非常小”和C选项“它离太阳最远”与原文一致；由第一段最后一句“thearcofitsorbitissoovalthatitoccasionallycrossesitsmassiveblueneighbor'spath.它的轨道呈椭圆形，偶尔会穿过它巨大的蓝色邻居的轨道。”确定A选项“它的轨道是很椭圆形的”与原文一致；所以用排除法，确定D选项“它主要地由尘埃和冰构成”符合题意。

5.词汇题。题干询问‘“纽约的海登天文馆在两年前引起了一场骚乱”(第8段)中的“骚动”一词可以被替换为…’。由第八段第一句“supposedlydemotingPluto,lumpingitwiththeKuiperBeltobjectsinitshugemobileofthesolarsystem.据推测，冥王星将被降级，并与柯伊伯带的巨大移动星系中的物体放在一起。”和第九段第一句“Still,manyareloathtopartwiththeplanetPluto.尽管如此，许多人还是不愿与冥王星分离。”确定D选项“公开争论不休的混淆”符合语境，正确。

4.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetII.

Wewilleffectivelyconserveresourcesandprotecttheenvironment.Wewillactivelyrespondtoclimatechange.Wewillstrengthenresourceconservationandmanagement,becomebetterabletoensureadequatesuppliesofresources,intensifytheprotectionoffarmlandandtheenvironment,strengthenecologicaldevelopmentandsystemstopreventandmitigatenaturaldisasters,andcomprehensivelybuildourcapacityforsustainabledevelopment.Theproportionofnon-fossilfuelsinprimaryenergyconsumptionshouldreach11.4percent;energyconsumptionandcarbondioxideemissionsperuntilofGDPshouldbereducedby16percentand17percentrespectively;thereleaseofmajorpollutantshouldbereducedby8percentto10percent;foreststockshouldbeincreasedby600millioncubicmeters;andforestcovershouldbeincreasedto21.66percent.Wewillsubstantiallyimprovewaterconservancyfacilities;makeprogressinbettercontrollingimportanttributariesoflargeriversaswellaslakesandsmallandmedium-sizedrivers;andsignificantlyimproveagriculturalirrigation,theefficiencyofwaterresourcesuseandresistancetoflooding.

【答案】我们将抓好节约资源和保护环境。我们将积极应对气候变化。我们将加强资源节约和管理，提高资源保障能力，加强对耕地和环境的保护力度，加强生态建设以及防灾减灾体系建设，全面增强可持续发展能力。非化石燃料在一次能源消费中的比例应达到11.4%；单位GDP的能源消耗和二氧化碳排放量应分别减少16%和17%，主要污染物排放量应减少8%至10%，森林蓄积量应增加6亿立方米，森林覆盖率应增加到21.66%。我们将大幅改善水利设施；更好地推进大江大河重要支流以及中小型河流的治理，并显著提高农业灌溉、水资源利用效率和抵抗洪水能力。

5.单选题

Aremarkmaybecompletely（

）whenitispassedonthroughdifferentmouths.

问题1选项

A.distorted

B.restored

C.recovered

D.misled

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。distort“歪曲，扭曲”；restore“修复，恢复”；recover“恢复，重新获得”；mislead“误导”。句意：当一种说法被不同人讲述后会完全被扭曲。选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

WrestlerJake“TheSnake”RoberttoldTMZ.comthathewill（）emergencysurgerytoremoveacanceroustumour.

问题1选项

A.uphold

B.undergo

C.transfer

D.trigger

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项uphold表示“支撑，鼓励，赞成”；B选项undergo表示“经历，经受，忍受”；C选项transfer表示“转让，转移”；D选项trigger表示“触发，引起”。由句意可知，这位摔跤手告诉TMZ.com网站说，他将进行紧急手术，切除癌症肿瘤。因此，只有undergo的词义最符合句意，故本题正确答案为B选项。

7.单选题

Thenuboftherestorationistcritiqueofpreservationismistheclaimthatitrestsonanunhealthydualismthatconceivesnatureandhumankindasradicallydistinctandopposedtoeachother.Dissatisfactionwithdualismhasforsometimefiguredprominentlyintheunhappinessofenvironmentalistswithmainstreamindustrialsociety,asinthewritingsofCarolynMerchantandTheodoreRoszak.

However,thewritingsoftherestorationiststhemselves—particularly,WilliamJordanandFrederickTurner—offerlittleevidencetosupportthisindictment.Intheirview,preservationistsareimbuedwiththesamebasicmind-setastheindustrialmainstream,theonlydifferencebeingthatthelatterexaltshumansovernaturewhiletheformerelevatesnatureoverhumans.WhileitisperhapspuzzlingthatJordanandTurnerdonotseethatthereisnologicthatrequiresdualismasaphilosophicalunderpinningforpreservation,morepuzzlingisthesharpnessandrelentlessnessoftheirattackonpreservationists,accentuatedbythefactthattheyofferlittle,ifany,criticismofthosewhohaveplunderedthenaturalworld.

Thecrucialquestion,however,abouttherestorationistoutlookhastodowiththedegreetowhichtherestorationprogramisitselffaithfultothefirstprincipleofrestoration:thatnatureandhumanityarefundamentallyunitedratherthanseparate.Rejectingtheolddominationmodel,whichseeshumansasovernature,restorationtheorychampionsamodelofcommunityparticipation.YetsomeofthedescriptionsthatJordanandTurnergiveofwhatrestorationistsareactuallyupto―forexample,Turner’sdescriptionofhumansas“thelordsofcreation,”orJordan’sstatementthat“thefateandwell-beingofthebiospheredependultimatelyonusandourrelationshipwithit”—donotcoherewellwiththecommunityparticipationmodel.

Anotherholisticmodel—namely,thatofnatureasanorganism—mightbemoreserviceabletotherestorationists.Aswiththecommunitymodel,the“organic”modelpicturesnatureasasystemofinterconnectedparts.Afundamentaldifference,however,isthatinanorganismthepartsarewhollysubservienttothelifeoftheorganism.Ifwecouldthinkofthebiosphereasasinglelivingorganismandcouldidentifyhumanswiththebrain(ortheDNA),orcontrolcenter,wewouldhaveamodelthatmorecloselyfitstherestorationists’view.

However,toconsiderhumansasthecontrolcenterofthelivingearthistoascribetothemadominatingroleinnature.Isthissignificantlydifferentfromtheold-fashioneddominationmodel?Inbothsystemshumansholdtheplaceofhighestauthorityandpowerintheworld.

Also,neitherviewrecognizesanylimitstothescopeandrangeoflegitimatehumanmanipulationintheworld.Thisdoesnotmeanthattherearenoconstraints;onlybeneficialmanipulationshouldbeundertaken.Butitdoesnotmeanthatnothingisoff-limits.Afurtherparallelisthat,becausethefateoftheworldrestsonhumans,theymusthaveaclearideaofwhatneedstobedone.

1.Theauthorprimarypurposeinthepassageisto（）.

2.Theauthorofthepassagewouldprobablyagreethatpreservationists（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthefunctionofthefirstparagraphinrelationtothepassageasawhole?

4.Inassertingthattheorganicmodelmightbe“moreserviceabletotherestorationists”(line1-2,para.4),theauthorimpliesthat（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressestheauthor’sprimarycriticismoftherestorationists?

问题1选项

A.examinethesimilaritiesanddifferencesamongmodelsforenvironmentalphilosophies

B.formulateanewphilosophicalmodeloftherelationshipbetweenhumansandtheirenvironment

C.critiqueamodern-dayenvironmentalphilosophy

D.arguethatoneparticularenvironmentalphilosophy

问题2选项

A.arenotcriticalenoughofthosewhohaveplunderedthenaturalworld

B.basetheirideasonanunhealthydualism

C.havethesamebasicmind-setastheindustrialmainstream

D.havebeenunfairlycriticizedbyrestorationist

问题3选项

A.Todiscusssecondaryissuesasapreludetoamoredetailedexanimationofaprimaryissue.

B.Toprovideanhistoricalbackdropforadiscussionofmodern-dayissues.

C.Tointroduceopposingviewpoints,whicharethenevaluated.

D.Toidentifyproblemareaswithinaschoolofthought,whicharethenexploredingreaterdetail.

问题4选项

A.thedescriptionsbyTurnerandJordanoftherestorationists’programconformmorecloselytotheorganicmodelthantothecommunityparticipationmodel

B.theorganicmodelismoreconsistentthanthecommunityparticipationmodelwiththeprincipleofrestoration

C.theorganicmodelismoreconsistentwiththerestorationists’agendathanwiththepreservationists’program

D.holisticmodelsaremoreusefulthanthedualistmodeltotherestorationists

问题5选项

A.Theircritiqueofpreservationismisnotwellsupported.

B.Theirprogramdoesnotcoincidewiththeirprinciples.

C.Theyrejectthemostworkablemodelfortherelationshipbetweenhumansandnature.

D.Theyassigntohumansacontrollingroleintheworld.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.【试题解析】主旨大意题。由题干可以定位到原文第二段全文主旨句“However,thewritingsoftherestorationiststhemselves—particularly,WilliamJordanandFrederickTurner—offerlittleevidencetosupportthisindictment.”中文翻译为：然而，恢复主义者们（尤其是WilliamJordan和FrederickTurner）的作品却很少提供证据来支持这种谴责。因此C选项“批评一种现代的环境哲学”符合题意。

2.【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“However,thewritingsoftherestorationiststhemselves—particularly,WilliamJordanandFrederickTurner—offerlittleevidencetosupportthisindictment…”中文翻译为：然而，恢复主义者们（尤其是WilliamJordan和FrederickTurner）的作品却很少提供证据来支持这种谴责。对应D选项“不公平地被恢复主义者批评”。因此D项符合题意。

3.【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到文章第一段“Dissatisfactionwithdualismhasforsometimefiguredprominentlyintheunhappinessofenvironmentalistswithmainstreamindustrialsociety,asinthewritingsofCarolynMerchantandTheodoreRoszak.”中文翻译为：对二元论的不满有一段时间显著地出现在环保主义者对主流工业社会的不满上，如在CarolynMerchant和TheodoreRoszak的作品中就有出现，以及第二段中“However，thewritingsoftherestorationiststhemselves—particularly,WilliamJordanandFrederickTurner—offerlittleevidencetosupportthisindictment…”中文翻译为：然而，恢复主义者们（尤其是WilliamJordan和FrederickTurner）的作品却很少提供证据来支持这种谴责。可知答案为A项“讨论一个次要的问题来充当对一个重要问题进行更详细检查的前奏”。

4.【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干关键词可以定位到文章第四段“Ifwecouldthinkofthebiosphereasasinglelivingorganismandcouldidentifyhumanswiththebrain(ortheDNA),orcontrolcenter,wewouldhaveamodelthatmorecloselyfitstherestorationists’view.”中文翻译为：如果我们可以将生物圈看成是一个单独的生物体且将人类等同于大脑（或DNA）或控制中心，那么我们应该有一个更符合恢复主义者观点的模式。因此A项“Turner和Jordan对恢复主义者计划的描述相比社区参与模式，更接近有机体模式”正确。

5.【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到文章第三段“Thecrucialquestion,however,abouttherestorationistoutlookhastodowiththedegreetowhichtherestorationprogramisitselffaithfultothefirstprincipleofrestoration:thatnatureandhumanityarefundamentallyunitedratherthanseparate.”中文翻译为：然而，有关恢复主义者观点的关键问题是恢复计划本身忠实于恢复的基本原则（即自然和人类在根本上是统一的，而不是分开的）的程度。因此可知答案为B“他们的计划与他们的原则不一致”。

8.单选题

ThanksinnosmallparttoA1Goreandhisfilmproducers,theAmericanpubliciswakinguptotheseriousnessofglobalwarming.WhatisnotsowidelyappreciatedisthatunlesstheUSgovernmentactsurgentlyanddecisively,thisproblemcouldveryquicklygetverymuchworse.

ForreasonsbotheconomicandpoliticalcoalispoisedtobethefuelofchoiceinthecomingdecadesastheUSweansitselfoffforeignoil.CoalcombustiongenerateshalftheUS'selectricityandreleasesabout1.5billiontonsofcarbondioxideayear.Ifpresenttrendscontinue,thesefigureswillmorethandoubleby2050,muchtothedetrimentoftheworld'sclimate.Withoutanalternativefuel,theonlysolutionistocaptureandstorecarbondioxidefromburningcoal.

Overcomingtheengineeringobstaclesinthewayoflarge-scalesequestrationofcarbondioxidewillbehardenough,butthebiggerchallengeisoneofpoliticalwill.UScompaniesasyethavenoincentivetocapturecarbonemissions.Whilemovesatstateandcongressionallevelsarepushingintherightdirection,theambiguityintheadministration'spolicyiscounterproductive.

ItistimefortheUSgovernmenttoputapriceoncarbonemissionssoutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemissionswillseetheireffortsrewarded.Suchamovewouldnotonlyreducetherisksassociatedwithglobalwarming,butalsogoalongwaytorestoringAmerica'sgreencredentials.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whataddstotheseriousnessofglobalwarming?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheobstaclesforeffectivelycapturingcarbonemissions?

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasasolutiontotheproblem?

问题1选项

A.TheAmericanpublicwasignorantoftheproblem.

B.TheAmericangovernmentisdoingnothingtodealwiththeproblem.

C.TheUSwillchoosecoalasthemajorfuelwhichwillhavelargecarbonemissions.

D.Thereisnoalternativefuelotherthanforeignoilwhichhaslargecarbonemissions.

问题2选项

A.Theexistingtechnologyisonlyabletodealwithlarge-scalecarbonemissions.

B.Thecompaniesarenothighlymotivatedinadoptingnewtechnologies.

C.Thegovernmentpolicyforusingcoalandoiliscounterproductive.

D.Thecompaniesfeelreluctanttobeinvolvedinpoliticalissues.

问题3选项

A.Thegovernmentshouldchargecarbonemissionssoastoencouragecompaniestoadoptnewtechnology.

B.Thegovernmentshouldrewardutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemission.

C.Thegovernmentshouldmakelong-timeeffortstoencouragepeopletoplantmoretrees.

D.Thegovernmentshouldpayforlarge-scalecarbonemissions.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

【解析】1.细节推理题。题干：作者认为，是什么加剧了全球变暖的严重性？文章手段提到了关键词“全球变暖”，并指向美国政府的不作为会导致情况迅速恶化。因此答案出现在第二段“ForreasonsbotheconomicandpoliticalcoalispoisedtobethefuelofchoiceinthecomingdecadesastheUSweansitselfoffforeignoil”，出于经济和政治原因，美国政府选择煤炭作为燃料。因此C选项符合题意。

2.判断推理题。题干：关于有效控制碳排放的障碍，下列哪一项是正确的？由关键词定位到文章第三段“theambiguityintheadministration'spolicyiscounterproductive”，说明是政府政策上的模糊性使控制达不到预期效果。因此C选项符合题意。

3.细节推理题。题干：作者建议如何解决这个问题？最后一段中，作者提到“ItistimefortheUSgovernmenttoputapriceoncarbonemissionssoutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemissionswillseetheireffortsrewarded”，说明作者建议美国政府为碳排放进行定价，投资开发减少二氧化碳排放的科技。因此B选项符合题意。

9.翻译题

是起点也是终点，是终点也是起点；是欢聚也是离散，是出发也是归宿。从来没有一个地方，能汇集如许人的流动量，从来没有一个地方，能拥有如许悲欢离合。从清晨到白昼，从黄昏到晚上，从黑夜到黎明，数不清的脚印，带着来自各地的泥土。重重叠叠，密密麻麻踩上去；有红色的土来自山间，有褐色的土来自田野，有黑色的土来自城市，有白色的土来自海滨。聚拢又散失，堆积又泻落，没有一粒种子能在土里长根，如同没有一双脚步会在这里驻留；缘因——这只是流动的浮土，这仅是过往的月台。

【答案】Itisthebeginningyettheend,theendyetthebeginning.Itisthereunionyetthediscrete,thestartingpointyetthedestination.Therehasneverbeenaplacethatcancollecttheflowofsuchpeopleandthatcanhavesuchjoysandsorrows.Frommorningtoday,fromdusktonight,fromnighttodawn,countlessfootprints,withsoilfromallovertheworld,steponit:redearthfromthemountains,brownearthfromthefields,blackearthfromthecities,andwhiteearthfromthecoast.Thosesoilgathersanddisperses,accumulatesandfalls.Noseedcangrowrootsinthesoil,justlikenopairoffeetwillstayhere.Becauseit’sjustfloatingclay,andit’sjusttheplatformofthepast.

10.单选题

Iwillholdyoupersonally（）ifanythinggoeswronginthisproject.

问题1选项

A.responsible

B.diverse

C.feasible

D.lucrative

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项responsible“负责的，可靠的”；B选项diverse“不同的，相异的”；C选项feasible“可行的，可能的”；D选项lucrative“获利多的”。句意：如果这个项目出了什么差错，我将追究你的（）。本句表达的意思是“会追究你的责任”，因此A选项符合题意。

11.翻译题

AsFordMotor’sboardofdirectorsgatheredtoholditsquarterlymeetingThursday,speculationwasgrowingthattheworld’sNO.2automakerwaspreparedtoacquiretheautomotiveoperationsofSweden’sVolvo.1.MergerspeculationthathasbeenwidespreadthroughouttheindustryformonthshasfocusedonapossibleVolvo-FordlinkupsinceareportlastweekthatVolvohadhiredaWallStreetinvestmentbanktoexploreapossiblesale.

Ford’sboardmeetingwastobeheldinDearborn,theDetroitsuburbwhereFordisheadquartered.ChiefspokesmanVaughnKoshkariandeclinedtocommentontheagendaortheVolvorumors.PresidentJacNasser,speakingatanindustryconferenceTuesdaynight,alsodeclinedtosaywhereFordwasnegotiatingwithVolvo.ButNasseragainsaidFordwasopentousingitsmorethan$20billioncashreservetoexpandthecompany’sglobalreach.

2.Lastyear’sacquisitionofChryslerbyDaimler-Benzledtoaflurryoftalksamongautomakerslookingtostrengthentheirpositioninanindustrybesetwithtoomuchproductioncapacityworldwide.Theconventionalwisdomisthatsmallerautomakerswillbeill-equippedtocompeteinthe21stcenturyastheindustrybecomesdominatedbyseveralinternationalautomakers.

Volvo,oneoftheworld’ssmallerautomakers,produceslessthan500,000vehiclesannually.Lastyearitsold100,227carsintheUnitedStates,oneofitslargestmarkets.3.Fordreportedlyhasbeencourtingdebt-ladenNissanMotoraswell,andturneddownanofferlastmonthfora20%shareintheJapaneseautomaker.FordalsolostinbiddinglatelastyearforfinanciallytroubledKiaMotorsofKorea.

4.AnalystssayFordandVolvoareabetterfit.“TheVolvothingismorepracticalthananythingelse,”saidanalystDavidHealyofBurnhamSecurities.“Ford,whichisbecominggoodatcost-effectivelydevelopingavarietyofverydifferentcarswiththesamebasicchassisandmajorparts,couldhelpVolvoexpanditsproductline,”Girskysaid.5.“IfyoucouldbringoutsmallercarsundertheVolvebrand,youcouldcommandapremiumprice,”hesaid,“FordhassimilarlyexpandedJaguar’svehiclelinesinceitboughttheBritishLuxuryautomakerin1989.”

【答案】1.几个月来业内一直存在关于公司合并的猜测，自从上周有报道称，沃尔沃（Volvo）聘请了华尔街一家投资银行来探讨出售沃尔沃的可能性以来，这种猜测集中在沃尔沃可能与福特（Ford）合并。

2.去年戴姆勒-奔驰（Daimler-Benz）收购克莱斯勒（Chrysler）的事件，引发了汽车制造商之间的一连串的谈判，这些制造商希望加强自己在这个全球产能过剩的行业中的地位。

3.据报道，福特也一直在向负债累累的日产汽车（NissanMotor）示好，并且上个月拒绝了收购这家日本汽车公司20%股份的要约。

4.分析人士表示福特跟沃尔沃更合适。伯纳姆证券公司的分析师DavidHealy说“跟沃尔沃的这件事比其他任何事情都更实际。”

5.“如果你（福特）能推出沃尔沃品牌下的小型车，你就能获得更高的价格，”他说，“福特1989年收购了英国豪华汽车制造商捷豹（Jaguar）后，同样也扩大了捷豹的产品线。”

12.单选题

Medicalstudentlearntodistinguish“acute”,whichmeanssomethingofrecentonset,form“chronic”whichmeansaconditionthatwillprobablycontinuefora（）periodoftime.

问题1选项

A.gloomy

B.temporary

C.tough

D.substantial

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项gloomy“黑暗的，沮丧的，阴郁的”；B选项temporary“暂时的，临时的”；C选项tough“艰苦的，困难的”；D选项substantial“大量的，实质的”。句意：医科学生要学会区分“急性”（指近期发病）和“慢性”（指可能持续_____一段时间的病情）。跟前一句对比，可以推断这里表达的应该是“大量的时间（很长的一段时间）”，因此D选项符合题意。

13.单选题

7.

问题1选项

A.Shedidn’tdoanythinginparticular.

B.ShesendawoundedpersontotheER.

C.ShehadtoworkintheER.

D.Shewentskiing.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Didyoudoanythingovertheweekend?

M:Notmuch.Whatdidyoudo?

W:Ihadplannedtogoskiing.ButIwoundupworkingintheER.

Q:Whatdidthewomandoovertheweekend?

【解析】细节题。女士说：Ihadplannedtogoskiing.ButIwoundupworkingintheER(我本打算去滑雪，但不得不在设备间工作)。

14.单选题

Thebruntoftheattacksuponthiscommanderwasbornebyhisyoungerbrother.ScarcelyhadthesmokebeenclearedfromthebattlegroundsofNankingwhenvoicesarosemaligningtheyoungergovernorwhohaderredinreportingtothethronethedeathofhissuccessor.

问题1选项

A.backbiting

B.gossipingabout

C.spreadingrumors

D.slandering

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项backbiting“诽谤；中伤”；B选项gossipingabout“闲聊……”；C选项spreadingrumors“散布谣言”；D选项slandering“诽谤”；根据题目中的“voicesarose”可知这个声音就是指的后面的内容，malign本意指的是“诽谤某人”，而在此处，题中的意思是“所出现的关于州长的谣言”。所以答案为C“传播谣言”。句意：非难指挥官的后果由他的弟弟承担了。诽谤年轻的州长在向君王报告他的继承人的死讯时犯错了的谣言一出现时，南京战场的硝烟便难以消散了。因此C选项正确。

15.单选题

Successfulpoliticiansaregoodatgiving______answerstoquestionsondifficultissues.

问题1选项

A.definitive

B.ubiquitous

C.ambiguous

D.ineffable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项definitive“最后的；最佳的；最权威的”；B选项ubiquitous“普遍存在的；无所不在的”；C选项ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱两可的；不明确的，不明朗的；