考研考博-英语-四川现代职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4_第1页
考研考博-英语-四川现代职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4_第2页
考研考博-英语-四川现代职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4_第3页
考研考博-英语-四川现代职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4_第4页
考研考博-英语-四川现代职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩452页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川现代职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

WiththeextensionofdemocraticrightsinthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcenturyandtheensuingdeclineoftheFederalistestablishment,anewconceptionofeducationbegantoemerge.Educationwasnolongeraconfirmationofapre-existingstatus,butaninstrumentintheacquisitionofhigherstatus.Foranewgenerationofupwardlymobilestudents,thegoalofeducationwasnottopreparethemtolivecomfortablyintheworldintowhichtheyhadbeenborn,buttoteachthemnewvirtuesandskillsthatwouldpropelthemintoadifferentandbetterworld.Educationbecametraining;andthestudentwasnolongerthegentleman-in-waiting,butthejourneymanapprenticefor-upwardmobility.

Inthenineteenth,centuryacollegeeducationbegantobeseenasawaytogetaheadintheworld.Thefoundingoftheland-grantcollegesopenedthedoorsofhighereducationtopoorbutaspiringboysfromnon-Anglo-Saxon,working-classandlower-middle-classbackgrounds.Themythofthepoorboywhoworkedhiswaythroughcollegetosuccessdrewmillionsofpoorboystothenewcampuses,Andwiththisshift,educationbecamemorevocational:itsobjectwastheacquisitionofpracticalskillsandusefulinformation.

Forthegentleman-in-waiting,virtueconsistedaboveallingraceandstyle,indoingwellwhatwasappropriatetohisposition;educationwasmerelyawayofacquiringpolish.Andvicewasmanifestedingracelessness,awkwardness,inbehavinginappropriately,discourteously,orostentatiously.Fortheapprentice,however,virtuewasevidencedinsuccessthroughhardwork.Therequisitequalitiesofcharacterwerenotgraceorstyle,butdrive,determination,andasharpeyeforopportunity.Whilecasualliberalityandevenprodigalitycharacterizedthegentleman,frugality,thrift,andself-controlcametodistinguishthenewapprentice.Andwhilethegentlemandidnotaspiretoahigherstationbecausehisstationwasalreadyhigh,theapprenticewascontinuallybecoming,striving,strugglingupward.Failurefortheapprenticemeantstandingstill,notrising.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

2.Thedifferencebetween"gentleman-in-waiting"and"journeyman"isthat(

).

3.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,land-grantCollege

).

4.Whichofthefollowingwasthemostimportantfora“gentleman-in-waiting”?

5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis(

).

问题1选项

A.Democraticideasstartedwitheducation.

B.Federalistswereopposedtoeducation.

C.Neweducationhelpedconfirmpeople'ssocialstatus.

D.Oldeducationhadbeenintunewithhierarchicalsociety.

问题2选项

A.educationtrainedgentleman-in-waitingtoclimbhigherladders

B.journeymanwasreadytotakewhateverwasgiventohim

C.gentleman-in-waitingbelongedtoafixedandhighsocialclass

D.journeymancoulddopracticallynothingwithouteducation

问题3选项

A.belongedtotheland-owningclass

B.enlargedthescopeofeducation

C.wasprovidedonlytothepoor

D.benefitedallbuttheupperclass

问题4选项

A.Manners.

B.Education.

C.Moral.

D.Personality.

问题5选项

A.EducationandProgress

B.OldandNewSocialNorms

C.NewEducation:OpportunitiesforMore

D.DemeritsofHierarchicalSociety

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.文章第一段第二句Educationwasnolongeraconfirmationofapre-existingstatus,butaninstrumentintheacquisitionofhigherstatus提到教育不再是人们先前存在的地位的确定,而成了获得更高地位的手段。选项D“教育不再是确定社会地位的手段”符合题意。

2.文章第一段最后一句Educationbecametraining;andthestudentwasnolongerthegentleman-in-waiting,butthejourneymanapprenticefor-upwardmobility提到教育成了培训,学生不再是等在那里的绅士,而是要提升自己经济地位的熟练学徒。由此可知,绅士与学徒之间的区别就是:前者不用将教育当成工具去努力争取社会地位,因为他们的社会地位本来就高,选项C符合题意。

3.文章第二段第二句Thefoundingoftheland-grantcollegesopenedthedoorsofhighereducationtopoorbutaspiringboysfromnon-Anglo-Saxon,working-classandlower-middle-classbackgrounds提到国家公立修建的学校为那些来自非盎格鲁-撒克逊血统、工人阶级和中下层背景的贫穷担忧抱负的男孩们敞开大门。选项B“扩大了教育范围”符合题意。

4.文章第三段第一句提到对于绅士,美德首先包含高雅和风度(Forthegentleman-in-waiting,virtueconsistedaboveallingraceandstyle),由此可知,选项A“行为举止”符合题意。

5.文章通过对新旧两种教育体质下的学生进行比较,主要讲的是新的教育观念,并没有涉及教育的发展、社会准则等问题。选项C符合题意。

2.单选题

Thelargeramachineandthemorenumerousitsparts,thegreaterlikelihoodofabreakdownandthemoreexpensivetorepair.Whathasbeensaidaboutmarketforcesandmanagementwasnecessarilyoversimplified.Theeconomiesofmodernindustrialnationsarelargeandverycomplex.Tobesure,thereismanagement,andtherearemarketforcesatwork,buttherearealsomanyotherfactorsthathelporhindereconomicfunction.

Inmodernindustrialsocieties’governmentsplayalargerole.Thereisagreatamountofregulation,mostofitmeantfortheprotectionofthepublic.Allregulationsaffectthewaybusinessesoperate,oftenincreasingtheircostsandreducingtheirprofits.Lowerprofits,inturn,reducetheamountofmoneywhichisknownasworkingcapitalthatacompanycanuseforexpansion.Autoemissionstandards,forinstance,havehadasignificantimpactonthemanufactureandpricingofautomobiles.Othergovernmentpoliciessuchastaxation,budgetdeficits,andregulationofthemoneysupplyhaveaneffectonhowmuchmoneyisavailableforpeopletospendongoodsandservices.

Internationalcrisesandotherconditionsalsoaffecttheworkingofaneconomy.AseverefrostinBrazilcanruinacoffeecropandraisethepriceofthatcommodity.Warcancutoffthesupplyofsuchresourcesaspetroleum,chromium,orcopper.IntheUnitedStatesenvironmentalprotestshaveslowedthedevelopmentofnuclearenergycapacityandtheminingofvasttractsofprotectedland.Weatheraffectsagriculture,ahot,drysummercandamagethewheatcrop;floodscandestroythousandsofacresofcropssuddenly,andinsectpestscandevastatecroplandwitharapidonslaught.

People’sattitudesalsohaveanimpactonthemarketingofgoods.Health-consciousindividuals,forexample,maystopsmoking,curtailtheirintakeofalcohol,andeatlessofcertainkindsoffood.Advertisingaffectswhatpeoplebuy,anditcancreateamarketwherenoneexisted.Styleandfashionaresignificantformanyconsumers.

Thereareothereconomicproblemsthataremoredifficulttounderstand.Forcenturieseconomieshavebeensubjecttoperiodsofprosperityfollowedbyperiodsofdecline.Althoughperiodsofprosperitycanbeexplainedrathereasily,thereasonsforpanics,recessions,anddepressionsareofacomplexnature.SomanyfactorscontributedtotheGreatDepressionofthe1930s,forexample,thatnoeconomisthaseverbeenabletoaccountforallofthem.

Becausethecausesofdeclineareuncertain,theremediesareequallyuncertain.Inthelate20thcenturyallindustrializedsocietiesthroughtheirgovernmentshavetriedtostabilizeeconomies,keepthemprosperous,andreduceunemployment.Noneoftheremedieshasworkedtotheextentthatwashoped.Howeconomiesworkandwhatremediescanbefoundtokeepthemoperatingefficientlyarethetasksofeconomists,whomustworktogetherwithbusinessmenandpoliticians.

1.Thechiefpurposeofthepassageis________.

2.The“machine”inthefirstsentenceofParagraph1iscomparablehereto________.

3.Theexampleofautoemissionstandardsishereusedtomakeitclearthat________.

4.Whyisitdifficulttoexplaintheonsetofeconomicdecline?

5.Theauthorbelievesthat,tofindefficientwaysofkeepingeconomygoing,economists________.

问题1选项

A.toreviewthefactorsthataffecteconomicoperation

B.toexplorethecausesofperiodiceconomicdecline

C.todiscusstherolegovernmentsplayinmodernindustrializedsocieties

D.toproposeremediesforcorrectingeconomicrecessions

问题2选项

A.thepoliticalsystemofanation

B.theeconomyofanation

C.themarketforce

D.thegovernmentofanation

问题3选项

A.itisharmfulforagovernmenttointerferewitheconomicmatters

B.statepoliciestendtolowerprofitsanddiscourageinvestment

C.regulationmayaffectbusinessoperationbyincreasingthecost

D.mostregulationsarenotmeantfortheprotectionofthepublic

问题4选项

A.Becausenoeconomistknowseverything.

B.Becauseitalwaysfollowsaperiodofprosperity.

C.Becausetherearetoomanyreasonsbehindit.

D.Becauseitishardtopredictwhenitwillbecoming.

问题5选项

A.findtheexactcausesforeconomicdecline

B.findwaystofightunemployment

C.workoutallthefactorsthatleadtoeconomicprosperity

D.cooperatewithbusinessmenandpoliticians

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】主旨大意题。第一段指出有许多因素影响经济功能的实现,第二段讲政府对经济的作用,第三段讲国际情况对经济的影响,第四段讲人们的态度影响经济,第五段讲还有其他影响经济的因素,而这些非常复杂,第六段讲述对于经济发展态势相对应的措施。综上所述,本文讲述的是影响经济运行的因素,A选项“讨论影响经济运行的因素”正确。B选项“探究周期性经济衰退的原因”,C选项“讨论政府在现代工业化社会中扮演的角色”和D选项“为挽救经济衰退提出补救措施”:是文章的部分内容,属于以偏概全。因此A选项正确。

2.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】语义推测题。根据第一段第一句Thelargeramachineandthemorenumerousitsparts,thegreaterlikelihoodofabreakdownandthemoreexpensivetorepair.(机器越大,部件越多,发生故障的可能性就越大,维修成本也就越高。),结合该段第三句Theeconomiesofmodernindustrialnationsarelargeandverycomplex.(现代工业国家的经济规模庞大,非常复杂。),可知这里的机器指的是国家经济,B选项“国家经济”正确。A选项“国家的政治制度”,C选项“市场力量”和D选项“国家政府”:不是此处表达的意思,属于偷换概念。因此B选项正确。

3.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第三句Allregulationsaffectthewaybusinessesoperate,oftenincreasingtheircostsandreducingtheirprofits…Autoemissionstandards,forinstance…(所有的法规都会影响企业的经营方式,往往会增加成本,降低利润……例如,汽车尾气排放标准……),可知这个例子是为了证明上面的论点,也就是国家法规可能会提高成本,影响企业的经营方式,C选项“法规可能会增加成本,从而影响企业的经营”正确。B选项“国家政策倾向于降低利润,抑制投资”:国家制定政策的目的不是限制企业的发展,而是为了维护公众的权益,属于偷换概念。A选项“政府干预经济是有害的”:作者没有表明这件事情有害,属于无中生有。D选项“大多数法规并不是为了保护公众”:根据第二段第二句Thereisagreatamountofregulation,mostofitmeantfortheprotectionofthepublic.(在大量的规章制度中,大部分是为了保护公众。),可知大多数法规是为了保护公众,属于反向干扰。因此C选项正确。

4.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第五段第三句thereasonsforpanics,recessions,anddepressionsareofacomplexnature(恐慌,经济衰退和萧条的原因很复杂),可知这是因为经济衰退的原因太复杂,有众多因素,C选项“因为这背后有太多的原因”正确。A选项“因为没有经济学家无所不知”:根据第五段最后一句SomanyfactorscontributedtotheGreatDepressionofthe1930s,forexample,thatnoeconomisthaseverbeenabletoaccountforallofthem.(例如,造成上世纪30年代大萧条的因素如此之多,以至于没有经济学家能够解释所有这些因素。),这里表达的是原因太多,经济学家不能解释,而不是强调经济学家知道的不多,属于偷换概念。B选项“因为它总是伴随着一段时期的繁荣”:根据第五段第二句Forcenturieseconomieshavebeensubjecttoperiodsofprosperityfollowedbyperiodsofdecline.(几个世纪以来,经济经历了一段又一段的繁荣和衰退。),这里指的是经济有起有落的这个现象,而不是经济衰退伴随着繁荣,属于偷换概念。D选项“因为很难预测它什么时候会到来”:文中没有提到,属于无中生有。因此C选项正确。

5.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据文章最后一句Howeconomiesworkandwhatremediescanbefoundtokeepthemoperatingefficientlyarethetasksofeconomists,whomustworktogetherwithbusinessmenandpoliticians.(经济如何运行,以及找到什么补救措施来保持其高效运行,这是经济学家的任务,他们必须与商人和政治家合作。),可知为了保持经济持续发展,经济学家需要与商人和政治家合作,D选项“与商人和政治家合作”正确。A选项“找出经济衰退的确切原因”:根据最后一段第一句thecausesofdeclineareuncertain(衰退的原因不确定),可知无法找出经济衰退的确切原因,属于反向干扰。B选项“找到解决失业问题的方法”:根据最后一段第二句allindustrializedsocietiesthroughtheirgovernmentshavetriedtostabilizeeconomies,keepthemprosperous,andreduceunemployment(所有工业化社会都通过政府努力稳定经济,保持繁荣,降低失业率),可知这是政府做的事,而非经济学家做的事,属于张冠李戴。C选项“找出导致经济繁荣的所有因素”:在这里没有提到,属于无中生有。因此D选项正确。

3.单选题

Whilestillcatching-uptomeninsomespheresofmodernlife,womenappeartobewayaheadinatleastoneundesirablecategory.“Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelopingdepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostresscomparedtomen,”accordingtoDr.Yehuda,chiefpsychiatristatNewYork’sVeteran’sAdministrationHospital.

Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectsthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.Inseveralofthestudies,whenstressed-outfemaleratshadtheirovaries(thefemalereproductiveorgans)removed,theirchemicalresponsesbecameequaltothoseofthemales.

Addingtoawoman’sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased“opportunities”forstress.“It’snotnecessarilythatwomendon’tcopeaswell.It’sjustthattheyhavesomuchmoretocopewith,”saysDr.Yehuda.“Theircapacityfortoleratingstressmayevenbegreaterthanmen’s,”sheobserves,“it’sjustthatthey’redealingwithsomanymorethingsthattheybecomewornoutfromitmorevisiblyandsooner.”

Dr.Yehudanotesanotherdifferencebetweenthesexes.“Ithinkthatthekindsofthingsthatwomenareexposedtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.Mengotowarandareexposedtocombatstress.Menareexposedtomoreactsofrandomphysicalviolence.Thekindsofinterpersonalviolencethatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilynumbers,andtheytendnottobeone-shotdeals.Thewear-and-tearthatcomesfromtheselongerrelationshipscanbequitedevastating.”

AdelineAlvarezmarriedat18andgavebirthtoason,butwasdeterminedtofinishcollege.“Istruggledalottogetthecollegedegree.Iwaslivinginsomuchfrustrationthatthatwasmyescape,togotoschool,andgetaheadanddobetter.”Later,hermarriageendedandshebecameasinglemother.“It’sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,haveajob,paytherent,paythecarpayment,andpaythedebt.Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”

NoteveryoneexperiencesthekindsofseverechronicstressesAlvarezdescribes.Butmostwomentodayarecopingwithalotofobligations,withfewbreaks,andfeelingthestrain.Alvarez’sexperiencedemonstratestheimportanceoffindingwaystodiffusestressbeforeitthreatensyourhealthandyourabilitytofunction.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?

2.Dr.Yehuda’sresearchsuggeststhatwomen()

3.AccordingtoParagraph4,thestresswomenconfronttendstobe()

4.Thesentence“Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”(Line4,Para.5)showsthat()

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

问题1选项

A.Womenaremoreexperiencedthanmenincopingwithstress.

B.Menandwomenshowdifferentinclinationswhenfacedwithstress.

C.Womenarebiologicallymorevulnerabletostress.

D.Womenarestillsufferingmuchstresscausedbymen.

问题2选项

A.havelimitedcapacityfortoleratingstress.

B.needextradosesofchemicalstohandlestress.

C.areexposedtomorestress.

D.aremorecapableofavoidingstress.

问题3选项

A.domesticandtemporary.

B.durableandfrequent.

C.irregularandviolent.

D.trivialandrandom.

问题4选项

A.Alvarezcaredaboutnothingbutmakingmoney.

B.Alvarezgotpaychecksfromdifferentjobs.

C.Alvarez’ssalarybarelycoveredherhouseholdexpenses.

D.Alvarezpaidpracticallyeverythingbycheck.

问题5选项

A.StrainofStress:NoWayOut?

B.ResponsestoStress:GenderDifference

C.StressAnalysis:WhatChemicalsSay

D.GenderInequality:WomenUnderStress

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。题目问的是:根据前两段的内容,下列哪一项是正确的?根据原文第一段的第二句Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelopingdepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostresscomparedtomen…(与男性相比,女性在面对压力时特别容易患上抑郁症和焦虑症)以及第二段第一句Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.(对动物和人类的研究表明,性激素会以某种方式影响应激反应,使处于压力下的女性比处于相同条件下的男性产生更多的触发化学物质。)由此可知,C选项“从生理上来看,女性更容易受到压力的影响”表述正确。故本题正确答案为C选项。

2.判断推理题。题目问的是:Dr.Yehuda的研究表明女性……。根据原文第三段第一句Addingtoawoman’sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased“opportunities”forstress.(女性压力大的原因除了是因为激素增加导致压力大外,还因为增加了造成压力的“机会”。)由此可知,C选项“会承受更多的压力”正确。因此本题正确答案为C选项。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是:根据第四段的内容,女性面临的压力往往是?根据第四段第二句…womenareexposedtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.(女性所面临的压力更多是慢性或重复性的性质。)由此可知,B选项的“持久的,频繁的”符合原文表述。A选项“家庭内部的,暂时性的”;C选项“不规律的,暴力的”;D选项“琐碎的,偶然的”均不正确。

4.语义推断题。题目问的是:“我生活在不停的支票支付中”是什么意思?根据原文第五段的内容可知,Alvarez作为单身母亲,有很大的生活压力,她要照顾十几岁的孩子,还要工作,付房租,付汽车费用,还要还债务。由此可见,她的工资早已捉襟见肘,难以支撑家庭开支。选项C与原文表述一致,所以正确。

5.主旨大意题。题目问的是:这篇文章最恰当的标题是?本文通过讲述两性在生理以及实际生活中的差异,描述了女性在压力面前的表现,侧重分析了女性压力大的主要原因。A选项没有集中于体现男女之间的差异,因此A选项错误;B选项只是表明男女之间在压力方面存在差异,并未侧重表现女性要面对更多压力;C选项表示只是属于造成压力的其中一个因素,不能概括文章全部内容。因此本题正确答案为D选项。

4.单选题

Noonewas(

)intheaccident.

问题1选项

A.injured

B.wounded

C.suffered

D.handicapped

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项injure“伤害,损害”;B选项wound“创伤,伤害”;C选项suffer“遭受”;D选项handicap“妨碍”。句意:在这次事故中没有人受伤。选项A和B都有受伤的意思,但injury指意外伤害或事故造成的伤害,wound一般指刀伤,枪伤,战场上受伤,也可指对感情的伤害,所以选项A更加恰当。

5.单选题

Thecollegewasfirst(

)in1872,lateritwastemporarilyclosedforafewyears,andthenin1879itwasestablishedagain.

问题1选项

A.found

B.founded

C.organized

D.formed

【答案】B

【解析】句意:这所大学最初建立于1872年,随后被临时关闭了几年,然后在1879年再次被建立。

考查动词辨析。Found创立,建立,创办;founded(found的过去分词);organized(organize的过去分词)被组织,被整理;formed(form的过去分词)被形成。由后半句wasestablished对应可知B符合句意。

6.翻译题

世界上最幸福的十种工作很多职场新人都曾梦想找到一份理想工作,做喜欢的事,享受那份喜悦。而现实往往不尽人意,人们总是抱怨着自己的工作。本文为你盘点了十种最幸福的工作。

神职人员:最不谙世事的工作据说是最幸福的工作。

消防员:消防员的工作能给人们提供帮助,而80%的消防员都表示对自己的工作“非常满意”。

理疗师:社会互动和帮助他人明显使得这份工作是最幸福的工作之一。

作家:对于大多数作家来说,他们的报酬少得可怜,或者根本没有,但是写下自己心中所想显然会带来快乐。

特殊教育老师:如果你不在乎金钱,特殊教育老师这个工作或许是个幸福的职业。

教师:尽管当前存在着教育经费和教室条件的问题,一般来说教师们还是感到自己的工作很幸福的。

这一职业继续吸引着年轻的理想主义者,尽管有50%的新教师都在5年以内选择转行了。

艺术家:雕刻家和画家据称是工作满意度最高的职业,尽管在这一职业上谋生有着相当大的困难。

心理学家:心理学家不一定能解决其他人的问题,但是似乎他们已经解决了自己的问题。

金融理财销售代理:据报道65%的金融理财销售代理认为自己的工作很幸福。这大概是因为他们中的一些人在舒服的办公环境中工作,每周工作40个小时,平均每年挣9万多美元。

施工工程师:摆弄那些大型玩具可能是很有趣的,比如推土机、前载车、反铲挖土机、刮土机、平地机、装载机、起重机、大型水泵以及空气压缩机。同时施工工程师的工作供不应求,这使他们感觉很幸福。

【答案】Formostauthors,thepayisridiculouslylowornon-existent,buttheautonomyofwritingdownthecontentsofyourownmindapparentlyleadstohappiness.

Despitethecurrentissueswitheducationfundingandclassroomconditions,teachersingeneralreportbeinghappywiththeirjobs.

Thecareercontinuestoattractyoungidealists,although50percentofnewteacherswillswitchtoanotherjobwithinfiveyears.

Sculptorsandpaintersaresaidtobethemostsatisfiedjob,despitethegreatdifficultyinmakingalivingfromit.

Thatcouldhavethereasonthatsomeofthemareclearingmorethan$90,000dollarsayearonaveragefora40-hourworkweekinacomfortableofficeenvironment.

7.单选题

Itwilltakeustwentyminutestogettotherailwaystation,()trafficdelays.

问题1选项

A.acknowledging

B.affording

C.allowingfor

D.accountingfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词和词组辨析。A选项acknowledging“承认”;B选项affording“买得起;给予,提供”;C选项allowingfor“考虑到,顾及”;D选项accountingfor“对……负有责任;对……做出解释”。由前半句“Itwilltakeustwentyminutestogettotherailwaystation”(我们要花20分钟才能到火车站)可知,是一个结果,所以该空处语义应该为考虑到交通耽搁的话,则会导致晚到火车站。句意:考虑到交通上的耽搁,我们到火车站要花20分钟。因此C选项正确。

8.单选题

ThedominantmodelofAmericanlegaleducationremainsoneinwhichstudentsaretaughthowtoargueaggressively,withnoquartergivenortaken,andhowtofightanopposingviewpointwith()technicalskill.

问题1选项

A.programmed

B.un-programmed

C.uncompromising

D.promising

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。programmed“程序化的”;un-programmed“非程序化的”;uncompromising“不妥协的,坚定的”;promising“有希望的,有前途的”。句意:美国法律教育的主导模式仍然是这样一种模式:学生们被教导如何进行激烈的辩论,不退缩也不接受对方的怜悯,以及如何以毫不妥协的技巧与对立的观点进行斗争。选项C符合题意。

9.单选题

Inspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference”,Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Thereis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse,andthecasualnessandabsenceofdeference”characteristicofpopularculture.Peopleareabsorbedinto“acultureofconsumption”launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered"vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.Insteadofintimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite,”hesewerestores“anyonecouldenter,regardlessofclassorbackground.Thisturnedshoppingintoapublicanddemocraticact.”Themassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization.

Immigrantsarequicklyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous.WritingfortheNationalImmigrationForum,GregoryRodriguezreportsthattoday'simmigrationisneitheratunprecedentedlevelsnorresistanttoassimilation.In1998immigrantswere9.8percentofpopulation;in1900,13.6percent.Inthe10yearspriorto1990,3.1immigrantsarrivedforevery1,000residents;inthe10yearspriorto1890,9.2forevery1,000.Now,considerthreeindicesofassimilation-language,homeownershipandintermarriage.

The1990Censusrevealedthat“amajorityofimmigrantsfromeachofthefifteenmostcommoncountriesoforiginspokeEnglish“well”or“verywell”aftertenyearsofresidence.”ThechildrenofimmigrantstendtobebilingualandproficientinEnglish.“Bythethirdgeneration,theoriginallanguageislostinthemajorityofimmigrantfamilies.”HencethedescriptionofAmericaasa“graveyard”forlanguages.By1996foreign-bornimmigrantswhohadarrivedbefore1970hadahomeownershiprateof75.6percent,higherthanthe69.8percentrateamongnative-bornAmericans.

Foreign-bornAsiansandHispanics“havehigherratesofintermarriagethando(J.S-bornwhitesandblacks.”Bythethirdgeneration,onethirdofHispanicwomenaremarriedtonon-Hispanics,and41percentofAsian-Americanwomenaremarriedtonon-Asians.

RodrigueznotesthatchildreninremotevillagesaroundtheworldarefansofsuperstarslikeArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooks,yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantlivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenation’sassimilativepower.”

AretheredivisiveissuesandpocketsofseethingangerinAmerica?Indeed.Itisbigenoughtohaveabitofeverything.ButparticularlywhenviewedagainstAmerica'sturbulentpast,today’ssocialinduceshardlysuggestadarkanddeterioratingsocialenvironment.

1.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword“homogenizing”(Line2,Paragraph1)?

2.Theauthoragreesthatthe19th-centurydepartmentstores().

3.Accordingtothepassage,immigrantsnowintheU.S.().

4.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooksarementionedinParagraph5to().

5.Intheauthor’sopinion,theabsorptionofimmigrantsintoAmericansocietyis().

问题1选项

A.Identifying

B.Associating

C.Assimilating

D.Monopolizing

问题2选项

A.oweditsemergencetothecultureofconsumption

B.becameintimateshopsforcommonconsumers

C.playedaroleinthespreadofpopularculture

D.satisfiedtheneedsofaknowledgeableelite

问题3选项

A.exertagreatinfluenceonAmericanculture

B.arehardlyathreattothecommonculture

C.constitutethemajorityofthepopulation

D.areresistanttohomogenization

问题4选项

A.revealthepublic’sfearofimmigrants

B.provetheirpopularityaroundtheworld

C.giveexamplesofsuccessfulimmigrants

D.showthepowerfulinfluenceofAmericanculture

问题5选项

A.rewarding

B.successful

C.fruitless

D.harmful

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.词义题。Inspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference”,Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.由inspiteof以及difference可知,homogenizing是difference的反义词。选项中只有C项assimilation同化为difference的反义词,故C项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第一段Peopleareabsorbedinto“acultureofconsumption”launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered"vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.Insteadofintimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite,’’thesewerestores“anyonecouldenter,regardlessofclassorbackground.Thisturnedshoppingintoapublicanddemocraticact.”Themassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization.人们被19世纪的百货商店所倡导的“消费文化”所吸引,这些商店“在优雅的氛围中提供琳琅满目的商品”。“这些商店”不是为知识精英服务的私人商店,而是任何人都可以进入的商店,无论阶层或背景如何。这就把购物变成了一种公开和民主的行为。大众媒体、广告和体育是同质化的其他力量。据此可知19世纪的百货商店对于流行文化的传播起了作用。故C项正确。

3.细节事实题。由第二段“Immigrantsarequicklyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous.”移民们很快就适应了这种共同的文化,这种文化可能并不完全令人振奋,但也几乎没有害处。据此可知B项“移民对美国的共同的文化几乎没有威胁。”正确。

4.作者意图题。由第五段“RodrigueznotesthatchildreninremotevillagesaroundtheworldarefansofsuperstarslikeArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooks,yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantlivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenation’sassimilativepower.”罗德里格斯指出,世界各地偏远村庄的儿童都是阿诺德•施瓦辛格(ArnoldSchwarzenegger)和加斯•布鲁克斯(GarthBrooks)等超级明星的粉丝,但“一些美国人担心,生活在美国的移民在某种程度上仍然不受美国同化力量的影响。”据此可以首先排除A项“揭示了公众对移民的恐惧”,因为文中说到的是someAmericans与选项中的public是有区别的。B项“为了证明他们在全世界的有名”这句显然不对,该句与文章的主旨美国移民无关。C项“给出成功移民的例子”这两个人并不一定都是移民,而且本文讨论的是美国在吸收移民方面的成功,如果作者举这个例子是为了表明移民本身的成功,那就偏离了文章主旨。yet之后的内容:然而,一些美国人担心在美国的移民不受美国强大的同化能力的影响。其实这句话作者是想表明既然美国之外的人都崇拜美国人,那么何必担心美国移民不受美国强大的文化的影响呢?言外之意是美国文化在包括美国在内的全世界都有强大的影响。故D项正确。

5.观点态度题。由第二段第一句“Immigrantsarequicklyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous.”可知移民对这种文化机会没有害处,故D项错误。本文作者从几个方面讲述了美国吸收移民的成功,比如新移民的家庭一般高于50%的人都拥有自己的房子;大多数移民在居住10年后,英语说得“很好”或“非常好”。“移民的孩子往往会说两种语言,精通英语。到了第三代,大多数移民家庭的母语就消失了等等,故B项正确。本文并没有强调移民对美国的好处,故A项错误。C项fruitless不成功的,明显与原文内容相反,故排除。故正确答案为B项。

10.单选题

Beforeyoucanmakeafreshfruitsalad,youmustbuy().

问题1选项

A.oranges,bananas,pineapples,andpeachesarenecessary

B.orangesandbananasandpineapplesandpeaches

C.orangesandbananasandotherfruits.Suchaspineapplesandpeaches

D.oranges,bananas,pineapples,andpeaches

【答案】D

【解析】考查并列谓语辨析。A选项arenecessary成分赘余,可排除。B选项and用法使用错误,可排除。C选项and用法错误,也可排除。句意:在你做新鲜水果沙拉之前,你必须先买……。结合句意,D选项and用法准确,符合句意,因此答案为D选项。

11.单选题

Ifitistruethatmoralitycannotexistwithoutreligion,thendoesnottheerosionofreligionheraldthe______ofmorality?

问题1选项

A.regulation

B.basis

C.belief

D.collapse

【答案】D

【解析】名词词义辨析。regulation“管理,规则”;basis“基础”;belief“信仰”;collapse“倒塌,失败”。句意:如果道德离不开宗教是真实的,那么宗教腐朽不就意味着道德丧失吗?选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

Ifthatdeskisatleast100yearsold,itisanauthenticantiqueandvaluable.

问题1选项

A.real

B.ancient

C.eminent

D.obsolete

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.real真的B.ancient古老的

C.eminent杰出的D.obsolete废弃的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析

【解题思路】划线词修饰的是antique“古董”,原词authentic“真的”,并且原句得出该结论的条件是“如果那张桌子至少有100年的历史”,由此原句表达的是该古董是真品而非赝品。因此,A选项real“真的”与原词词义最接近,符合原句句意。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合原词词义。

【句意】如果那张桌子至少有100年的历史,那它就是一件真正的古董,并且价值不菲。

13.单选题

Tworelativelyrecentindependentdevelopmentstandbehindthecurrentmajorresearch

effortonnitrogenfixation,(固氮)theprocessbywhichbacteriasymbioticallyrenderleguminous(豆科的)plantsindependentofnitrogenfertilizer,onedevelopmenthasbeentherapid,sustainedincreaseinthepriceofnitrogenfertilizer.Theotherdevelopmenthasbeentherapidgrowthofknowledgeofandtechnicalsophisticationingeneticengineering.Fertilizerprices,largelytiedtothepriceofnaturalgas,hugeamountsofwhichgointothemanufactureoffertilizer,willcontinuetorepresentanenormousandescalating,economicburdenonmodemagriculture,spurringthesearchforalternativestosynthetic(合成的)fertilizers.Andgeneticengi

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论