考研考博-英语-天津医学高等专科学校考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津医学高等专科学校考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Notuntilshoutedatthetopofmyvoice（）hishead.

问题1选项

A.thatheturned

B.didheturn

C.hedidn’tturn

D.hehadturned

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒装句的用法。Notuntil放在句首时使用部分倒装——主句倒装，从句不倒装。选项B符合题意。

2.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingshortparagraphintoEnglishandwriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

红包，字面意思是“红色的小袋”，是中国新年的重要元素。里面的现金被认为是来年的压岁钱。红包一般是长辈送给晚辈的，尤其是孩子，但如果你收入不错，每年这个时候给父母、爷爷奶奶分一些钱也是符合礼貌的。如果你结婚了，你就得给红包；如果你是单身，你通常会收到红包。如果被邀请到别人家过年，你知道他们有孩子，那最好在一个红包里放点钱。如果你去北方游玩，红包里的现金数额就选一个整数；在南方，挑个幸运数字（任何带有6或8的数字）。

【答案】Hongbao,whichliterallymeans“alittleredenvelope”,isanimportantelementofChineseNewYear.Thecashinsideisconsideredasluckymoneyforthecomingyear.Itisusuallygivenbyelderstoyoungergenerations,especiallychildren,butifyouhaveaniceincome,it’spolitetogivesomemoneytoyourparentsandgrandparentsatthistimeofyear.Ifyouaremarried,youhavetogiveredenvelopes;ifyouaresingle,youusuallyreceiveone.Ifyouareinvitedtosomeone’shomeforChineseNewYearandyouknowtheyhavechildren,itisbesttoputsomecashinaredenvelope.Andifyouvisitthenorth,theamountofcashinitshouldbearoundnumber,andifyouvisittheSouth,choosealuckynumber(anynumberwitha6or8).

3.翻译题

为了全面实现小康社会，中国政府制定了强有力的平衡、平等发展的计划。经过多年的努力，中国已经形成政府为主、大家参与的扶贫模式。中国开发式扶贫工作遵行的是独立自主、全面发展的道路。这不仅对促进国民经济的持续快速发展、社会稳定、民族团结发挥了重要作用，也为世界的反贫困事业做出了贡献。我们最终的目标是缓解和消除贫困，实现全体人民的共同富裕。我们将进一步把减贫作为工作重点，大力推进发展与改革，努力为扶贫创造良好的环境。

【答案】【参考译文】Inordertorealizeawell-offsocietyinanall-roundway,theChinesegovernmenthasformulatedastrongplanforbalancedandequitabledevelopment.Afteryearsofefforts,Chinahasformedapovertyalleviationmodeldominatedbythegovernmentandparticipatedbyeveryone.China’sdevelopmentorientedpovertyalleviationworkfollowsthepathofindependentandall-rounddevelopment.Thishasnotonlyplayedanimportantroleinpromotingthesustainedandrapiddevelopmentofthenationaleconomy,socialstabilityandnationalunity,butalsocontributedtotheworld’santi-povertycause.Ourultimategoalistoalleviateandeliminatepovertyandachievecommonprosperityforallpeople.Wewillfurtherfocusonpovertyreduction,vigorouslypromotedevelopmentandreform,andstrivetocreateagoodenvironmentforpovertyalleviation.

4.单选题

TheanalysisoftherelationshipbetweenIslamandviolenceinAsiamustbedonewithinasinclusiveaperspectiveaspossible.AstheexampleoftheevolutionofJihadillustrates,simplyviewingdevelopmentswithintheframeworkofseparatecountriesisnolongeraviableframeworkforanalysis.Remainingconfinedtothegeographicboundariesofindividualstatesopensthewayforamisleadingexceptionalism.Italsomissestheimpactofglobalizationandthedirectinvolvementofglobalizationinhistoricaldevelopments.TheemergenceofJihadcannotbeunderstoodwithoutseeingitinthecontextoftheglobalizationofactivistorganizations.Similarly,suchdevelopmentsmustbeviewedwithintheframeworkofglobalreligiousresurgence.ThisisnotaphenomenonthatisrestrictedtoMuslimorganizationsinAsia.TheissueoftherelationshipbetweenreligionandviolenceinvolvesexaminationofHindu,Jewish,Christian,andothertraditions,aswellasIslam.Theroleofviolenceinreligionisanimportantpart,ofthechallengesfacingAsianIslamatthecrossroadsofhistoryinthebeginningofthetwenty-firstcentury.

Islam'spoliticalrolehasmanyimportantdimensions.Theverynatureofan"IslamicState"providesanimportantarenaforpoliticaldebateandactivism,andthisisjoinedwiththeissuesofdefiningthesignificanceofShariaforsocietiesinthetwenty-firstcentury.Islam’spoliticsisalwaysthearenaofmainstreamMuslimactivity,butitisalsoincreasinglyshapedbytheviolenceofextremists,whoseappealappearstobegrowing.ThesemanydimensionsofIslam'spoliticalroleneedtobebetterunderstood.Thewholestructureofsocietyisbeingtransformedinthemodernera.IssuesinvolvingthedefinitionofthenatureofthesocialorderareanimportantpartofthecrossroadssituationofMuslimcommunitiesandsocietiesinAsiaatthebeginningofthetwenty-firstcentury.Concernaboutthechangingnatureofthesocialorderis,inmanyways,acontinuationoflong-standingIslamicperspectives.TherealcenteroftheIslamicconceptsofhowhumanlifeshouldbeorganizedisnot"thestate"—itisthecommunity,orummah.Theconcentrationontheissueofthe"IslamicState"is,inimportantways,a"modem"concern,reflectingthegeneraltendencyofmodernitytobestate-centeredratherthancommunity-centered.However,theoften-repeatedstatementthat"Islamisnotsolely'areligion,'itisatotalwayoflife"reflectsaconcernforthewholeofsociety,includingthepoliticalorder,butgoesbeyondthestate.

TheviewsofMuslims,bothmainstreamandextremist,regardingtherelationshipbetweenIslamandthenatureandstructureoftheircommunityareofgreatsignificance.DebatesdefiningthedevelopingnatureofthewholesocialorderareamajorpartofthedynamicsthatdeterminewhatthenatureofMuslimsocietiesinAsiawillbeinthetwenty-firstcentury.Inthebroadestterms,thisinvolvesdefiningtheroleofIslamincivilsociety,thenatureofthepublicsphereforhumanactivity,andthecomplexissuesofinteractionsbetweenreligionandpolitics,moralityandsocialorder,thatariseindefining"secular"relationshipsincontemporaryglobalizationandtheglobalreligiousresurgence.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthefollowingbestexpressesaninclusiveperspective?

2.Thehighlighted"It"inLine5refersto（）.

3.AccordingtoParagraph2,manyimportantdimensionsofIslam'spoliticalroleincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPT（）.

4.Theword“ummah”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（）.

5.WhydoestheauthorthinktheviewsofbothmainstreamandextremistMuslimsregardingtherelationshipbetweenIslamandthenatureoftheircommunityareveryimportant?

问题1选项

A.Fromaninclusiveperspective,youranalysisisnotconfinedtotheanalysisofaparticularstate.

B.Aninclusiveperspectiveisanall-roundperspective.

C.Fromaninclusiveperspective,thedevelopmentofIslamwillbeunderstoodinaglobalcontextandbelinkedwiththedevelopmentsofotherreligionsaswell.

D.Fromaninclusiveperspective,manydimensionsofIslamwillbebetterunderstood.

问题2选项

A.theanalysisoftherelationship

B.remainingconfinedtothegeographicboundariesofindividualstates

C.amisleadingexceptionalism

D.theexampleoftheevolutionofJihad

问题3选项

A.therelationshipbetweenMuslimcommunitiesandsocieties

B.theissuesofdefiningthesignificanceofShariainthe21stcentury

C.mainstreamMuslimactivity

D.thegrowinginfluenceofviolenceofextremists

问题4选项

A.theMuslimcommunity

B.thestate

C.theMuslimpeople

D.thelife

问题5选项

A.Toavoidsocialinstabilityandviolence.

B.TorespondtothediversitypresentinallofthesocietiesofAsia.

C.Todefinesecularrelationshipincontemporaryglobalreligiousresurgence.

D.TodeterminethefuturenatureofMuslimsocietiesinAsia.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“…simplyviewingdevelopmentswithintheframeworkofseparatecountriesisnolongeraviableframeworkforanalysis.Remainingconfinedtothegeographicboundariesofindividualstatesopensthewayforamisleadingexceptionalism.”，可知仅仅在单独国家的框架内观察事态发展已不再可行。继续局限于各州的地理边界，容易导致例外主义。可推断出从包容性的角度看，伊斯兰教的发展将在全球范围内得到理解，并与其他宗教的发展相联系。这一现象可以表达包容的观点。选项C符合题意。

2.词义理解题。根据文章第一段，“Italsomissestheimpactofglobalizationandthedirectinvolvementofglobalizationinhistoricaldevelopments.”，可知它也忽视了全球化的影响和全球化对历史发展的直接影响。从句子中的also可判断，主语应该为同一对象，可知it指代上文提到的仍然局限于单独的国家的地理边界。选项C符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“Islam'spoliticalrolehasmanyimportantdimensions.Theverynatureofan"IslamicState"providesanimportantarenaforpoliticaldebateandactivism,andthisisjoinedwiththeissuesofdefiningthesignificanceofShariaforsocietiesinthetwenty-firstcentury.Islam’spoliticsisalwaysthearenaofmainstreamMuslimactivity,butitisalsoincreasinglyshapedbytheviolenceofextremists,whoseappealappearstobegrowing.”，可知伊斯兰政治角色包括21世纪伊斯兰教法对社会的意义、主流穆斯林活动的战场、心灵斗争演变的例子。所以穆斯林和社会之间的关系不属于伊斯兰的政治角色。选项A符合题意。

4.词义理解题。根据文章第二段，“TherealcenteroftheIslamicconceptsofhowhumanlifeshouldbeorganizedisnot"thestate"—itisthecommunity,orummah.”，可知伊斯兰教关于应该如何组织人类的中心不是“国家”，而是社会团体。因为单词or可判断出ummah应该为前面提到的事物。选项A符合题意。

5.作者态度题。根据文章最后一段，“TheviewsofMuslims,bothmainstreamandextremist,regardingtherelationshipbetweenIslamandthenatureandstructureoftheircommunityareofgreatsignificance.DebatesdefiningthedevelopingnatureofthewholesocialorderareamajorpartofthedynamicsthatdeterminewhatthenatureofMuslimsocietiesinAsiawillbeinthetwenty-firstcentury.”，作者认为主流穆斯林思想和极端主义思想对于伊斯兰和他们的社会里面都是很重要，因为界定整个社会秩序的发展性质的辩论是决定21世纪亚洲穆斯林社会性质的一个主要部分。选项D符合题意。

5.单选题

Althoughwomenareascompetentasmeninmanagingpeopleandorganization,theystilldonotattainthehighestpositionsincorporations.Their（1）seemstobe

（2）

byaninvisiblebarrier.Atsomepoint,they

（3）

what'scalled“theglassceiling.”Failuretoattainthetopmostjobsinsomecasesis

（4）

lackofexperienceor

（5）

education.Becausegender

（6）

haskeptwomenoutofmanagementuntilrecentyears,theyhavenothadtimeto

（7）

theyearsofexperiencethatare

（8）

ofmosthigh-rankingexecutives.Alsoinearlieryears,womenwere

（9）

fromenteringgraduateschoolsofengineering,science,business,andlawwhichhavebeen

（10）

tocorporatemanagement.Evenasthosebarriershavebeenlowered,though,womenremain

（11）

atexecutivelevels.Asagroup,theyhavenotyet

（12）

theglassceilingtobecomechiefexecutiveofficersorboardchairpersons.Somethingcontinuestoholdthemback.

Inoneauthoritativestudy,womenexecutives

（13）

threekindsofpressuresthatcomplicatedtheirprofessionaladvancements:theday-to-day,year-in-year-outdemandsandthehectic(忙乱的)

（14）

ofexecutivework;their

（15）

roleas“firstwomanexecutive”andthespecialneedtoprovethemselvestoothers;andthestrainofmeetingfamily

（16）

.Inotherwordsthesewomenmanagersfacedallofthenormaldemandsofexecutiveworkthatmen,experienceplustwoadditionalrequirements

（17）

totheircustomaryrolesinsociety.Havingprovenmanagerialtalentwasnotenough.Psychologically,theyhadtoprovethemselvestheequalofmen.Socially,theyfoundthemselvescarryinga

（18）

shareoffamilyresponsibilities.Thesepsychologicalandsocial

（19）

canholdbackthemostskilledanddedicatedmanager,evenincompanieswheregenderprejudiceis

（20）

aminimum.

问题1选项

A.access

B.ascent

C.lubricated

D.restrained

问题2选项

A.blocked

B.prohibited

C.lubricated

D.restrained

问题3选项

A.collide

B.knockdown

C.coincide

D.bumpinto

问题4选项

A.onaccountof

B.thanksto

C.accountingfor

D.dueto

问题5选项

A.intact

B.inadequate

C.incapable

D.undesirable

问题6选项

A.disposition

B.differentiation

C.displacement

D.bias

问题7选项

A.elevate

B.acquire

C.disperse

D.overestimate

问题8选项

A.typical

B.peculiar

C.exemplary

D.indispensable

问题9选项

A.avoided

B.discouraged

C.deprived

D.restricted

问题10选项

A.pathway

B.means

C.tracks

D.trails

问题11选项

A.underrated

B.underpopulated

C.underprivileged

D.underrepresented

问题12选项

A.brokenthrough

B.turneddown

C.madeout

D.cutoff

问题13选项

A.recognized

B.verified

C.discerned

D.identified

问题14选项

A.rate

B.pace

C.velocity

D.step

问题15选项

A.pioneering

B.prevailing

C.preliminary

D.preceding

问题16选项

A.chores

B.obligations

C.responsibility

D.challenges

问题17选项

A.indifferent

B.noticeable

C.traceable

D.distinguishable

问题18选项

A.disproportionate

B.irregular

C.inappropriate

D.indecent

问题19选项

A.brakes

B.spurs

C.frustrations

D.malfunctions

问题20选项

A.in

B.at

C.with

D.on

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:B

第6题:D

第7题:B

第8题:A

第9题:B

第10题:A

第11题:A

第12题:A

第13题:A

第14题:B

第15题:A

第16题:A

第17题:C

第18题:A

第19题:A

第20题:B

【解析】（1）考察名词、形容词词义辨析。access“进入，使用权”；ascent“上升”。选项C与D是形容词，空格处前面是物主代词their,可知空格处应该填入一个名词，所以选项C与D排除。前文提到女性在管理和组织方面的才能跟男性一样优秀，但是她们仍然得不到公司的高位，因此空格处应该填入的单词与升职有关，选项B符合题意。

（2）考察动词词义辨析。block“妨碍”；prohibit“禁止”；lubricate“润滑”；restrain“抑制”。前文提到女性升职困难，空格处后面的barrier是“障碍物”的意思，因此空格处应该填入一个含有“阻碍”意思的动词，选项A符合题意。

（3）考察动词、动词词组辨析。collide“碰撞，冲突”；knockdown“撞倒，击倒，拒绝”;coincide“与……一致”;bumpinto“撞上，偶然碰见”。空格处所在句子的句意是：在某种意义上，她们撞上了所谓的“玻璃天花板”。选项D符合题意。

（4）考察词组辨析。空格处所在句子的句意是：在某些情况下，不能获得高位的原因是经验和受教育不够。选项D符合题意。

（5）考察形容词词义辨析。intact“完整无缺的，未受损伤的”；inadequate“不充足的”；incapable“无能力的”；undesirable“不受欢迎的”。空格处所在句子的句意参考上一题。选项B符合题意。

（6）考察固定搭配。genderbias性别偏见。选项D符合题意。

（7）考察动词词义辨析。elevate“举起，提升”；acquire“获得，学到”；disperse“（使）散开”；overestimate“高估”。空格处所在句子提到女性没有时间获得多年的经验，选项B符合题意。

（8）考察形容词词义辨析。typical“典型的，有代表性的”；peculiar“奇怪的，独特的”；exemplary“可效仿的”；indispensable“不可缺少的”。空格处所在句子的句意是：具有多年经验是大多数高职位者的典型特点。选项A符合题意。

（9）考察动词词义辨析。avoid“避免”；discourage“阻碍，使气馁”；deprive“使丧失，剥夺”；restrict“限制”。空格处所在句子的句意是：早些年女性被阻碍进入工程、科学、商业、法院研究院深造。选项B符合题意。

（10）考察名词词义辨析。pathway“小路”；means“方法，手段”；track“轨道，足迹”；trail“踪迹”。空格处所在句子的句意是：进入工程、科学、商业、法院研究院深造是通向公司管理的途径。选项A符合题意。

（11）考察形容词词义辨析。underrated“低估的”；underpopulated“人口稀少的”；underprivileged“贫穷的”；underrepresented“未被充分代表的”。空格处所在句子的句意是：甚至当那些障碍降低了，女性的水平依然被低估。选项A符合题意。

（12）考察动词词组辨析。breakthrough“突破，突围”；turndown“拒绝”；makeout“理解”；cutoff“切断”。空格处所在句子的句意是：作为一个群体，他们还没有突破障碍，成为首席执行官或董事会主席。选项A符合题意。

（13）考察动词词义辨析。recognize“承认”;verify“核实，证明”；discern“辨别”；identify“鉴定,识别”。空格处所在句子的句意是：在一个权威的研究中，女性执行官承认面临三种压力。选项A符合题意。

（14）考察名词词义辨析。rate“速度、进度”；pace“速度，（喻）工作节奏快”；velocity“速度，速率”；step“—步的距离”。空格处所在句子的句意是：三种压力之一就是常务工作的快节奏。选项B符合题意。

（15）考察形容词词义辨析。pioneering“先驱的，开创的”；prevailing“盛行很广的”；preliminary“初步的，预备的，开始的”；preceding“在前的，在先的”。空格处所在句子的句意是：作为首位女执行官的开创角色，她们需要向别人证明自己。选项A符合题意。

（16）考察名词词义辨析。chore“讨厌的工作,琐事”；obligation“义务，责任”;responsibility“责任，职责”；challenge“挑战”。空格处所在句子的句意是：家庭琐事的压力。选项A符合题意。

（17）考察形容词词义辨析。Indifferent“漠不关心的”；noticeable“显而易见的，显著的”；traceable“可追踪的，起源于”；distinguishable“可区别的,可辨别的”。空格处所在句子的句意是：这些女性管理者除了要面对男性管理者同样面临的工作外，还要面临两个出于她们在社会习惯性角色的额外要求。选项C符合题意。

（18）考察形容词词义辨析。disproportionate“不成比例的”；irregular“不规则的”；inappropriate“不适当的”；indecent“下流的”。空格处所在句子的句意是：女性比男性承担的家庭责任要多。选项A符合题意。

（19）考察名词词义辨析。brake“刹车；阻碍”；spur“刺激”；frustration“挫败”；malfunction“故障”。空格处所在句子的句意是：这些心理上和社会上的阻碍会抑制技术娴熟和敬业的管理者。选项A符合题意。

（20）考察固定搭配。ataminimum在最低限度。选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Duringthepastgeneration,theAmericanmiddle-classfamilythatoncecouldcountonhardworkandfairplaytokeepitselffinanciallysecurehadbeentransformedbyeconomicriskandnewrealties.Nowapinkslip,abaddiagnosis,oradisappearingspousecanreduceafamilyfromsolidlymiddleclasstonewlypoorinafewmonths.

Injustonegeneration,millionsofmothershavegonetowork,transformingbasicfamilyeconomics.Scholars,policymakers,andcriticsofallstripeshavedebatedthesocialimplicationsofthesechanges,butfewhavelookedatthesideeffect:familyriskhasrisenaswell.Today’sfamilieshavebudgetedtothelimitsoftheirsnewtwo-paycheckstatus.Asaresult,theyhavelosttheparachutedtheyoncehadintimesoffinancialsetback-aback-upearner(usuallyMom)whocouldgointotheworkforceiftheprimaryearnergotlaidofforfellsick.This“added-workereffect”couldsupportthesafetynetofferedbyunemploymentinsuranceordisabilityinsurancetohelpfamiliesweatherbadtimes.Buttoday,adisruptiontofamilyfortunescannolongerbemadeupwithextraincomefromanotherwise-stay-at-homepartner.

Duringthesameperiod,familieshavebeenaskedtoabsorbmuchmoreriskintheirretirementincome.Steelworkers,airlineemployees,andnowthoseintheautoindustryarejoiningmillionsoffamilieswhomustworryaboutinterestrates,stockmarketfluctuation,andtheharshrealitythattheymayoutlivetheirretirementmoney.Formuchofthepastyear,PresidentBushcampaignedtomoveSocialSecuritytoasaving-accountmodel,withretireestradingmuchoralloftheirguaranteedpaymentsforpaymentsdependingoninvestmentreturns.Foryoungerfamiliesthepictureisnotanybetter.Boththeabsolutecostofhealthcareandtheshareofitbornebyfamilieshaverisen-andnewlyfashionablehealth-savingplansarespreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuchhigherdeductiblesandalargenewdoseofinvestmentriskforfamilies’futurehealthcare.Evendemographicsareworkingagainstthemiddleclassfamily,astheoddsofhavingaweakelderlyparent-andalltheattendantneedforphysicalandfinancialassistance-havejumpedeightfoldinjustonegeneration.

Fromthemiddle-classfamilyperspective,muchofthis,understandably,looksfarlesslikeanopportunitytoexercisemorefinancialresponsibility,andagooddealmorelikeafrighteningaccelerationofthewholesaleshiftoffinancialriskontotheiralreadyoverburdenedshoulders.Thefinancialfallouthasbegun,andthepoliticalfalloutmaynotbefarbehind.

1.Today’sdouble-incomefamiliesareatgreaterfinancialriskinthat（）

2.AsaresultofPresentBush’sreform,retiredpeoplemayhave（）

3.Accordingtotheauthor,health-savingsplanswill（）

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?

问题1选项

A.thesafetynettheyusedtoenjoyhasdisappeared.

B.theirchancesofbeinglaidoffhavegreatlyincreased.

C.theyaredeprivedofunemploymentordisabilityinsurance.

D.theyaremorevulnerabletochangesinfamilyeconomics.

问题2选项

A.ahighersenseofsecurity.

B.lesschancetoinvest.

C.lesssecuredpayments.

D.aguaranteedfuture.

问题3选项

A.helpreducethecostofhealthcare.

B.popularizeamongthemiddleclass.

C.increasethefamilies’investmentrisk.

D.compensateforthereducedpensions.

问题4选项

A.financialriskstendtooutweighpoliticalrisks.

B.financialproblemsmaybringaboutpoliticalproblems.

C.themiddleclassmayfacegreaterpoliticalchallenge.

D.financialresponsibilityisanindicatorofpoliticalstatus.

问题5选项

A.TheMiddleClassontheAlert

B.TheMiddleClassinConflict

C.TheMiddleClassontheCliff.

D.TheMiddleClassinRuins.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。题干询问“现如今这种双收入家庭面临更大财务危险的原因”。由原文前两段可知：由于经济原因，现在夫妻双方都要出去找工作。而以前，妻子一般在家操持家务，即使丈夫万一生病或失业了，妻子也可以出去找工作帮助家庭度过难关。但现在这种备选方案无用了，因此双收入家庭更容易受到家庭经济变化的影响。故本题正确答案为D选项。

2.细节事实题。根据原文第三段可知，在去年的大多数时间里，布什总统一直致力于将社会保险体制转变为一种储蓄存款账户模式，要求退休人员将大多数或全部有保障的收入变成必须依靠投资收益的收入，对年轻家庭来说情况也好不到哪去。医疗的绝对费用和家庭必须承担的份额都在上升。所以，退休人员的可靠收入可能更少。故本题正确选项为C项。

3.推理判断题。根据原文第三段“...newlyfashionablehealth-savingplansarespreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuchhigherdeductiblesandalargenewdoseofinvestmentriskforfamilies’futurehealthcare”可知，医疗费用节约计划将增加家庭投资风险，可判断C项正确。A项和D项在原文中并未提及，属于无中生有。原文提到这个计划正在从上层立法院大厅到底层沃尔玛超市员工之间广泛开展，但并不能得出在中产阶级中间得以推广，故B项不正确。因此本题正确答案为C选项。

4.推理判断题。题干询问由最后一段可以看出什么。由最后一句“Thefinancialfallouthasbegun,andthepoliticalfalloutmaynotbefarbehind.”可知，作者认为（美国）经济已经开始滑落，那政治上的滑落应该也不远了。因此可以推断，作者认为经济问题可能会引发政治问题。故本题正确答案为B。

5.主旨判断题。题干询问哪一项最适合作为文章题目。文章第一段介绍了中产阶层可能在几个月之内衰败成一个新的贫困家庭，后文随即介绍了造成这种现状的原因，所以本文主要讲述的是中产阶级面临穷困问题的现象。因此，本题正确答案为C选项。

7.翻译题

Ishallmentiontwoorthreemattersinwhichtheneedforcooperationbetweenphilosophyandscienceisespeciallyintimate.

Sincescientificmethoddependsuponfirst-handexperimentalcontrolledexperiences,anyphilosophicapplicationofthescientificpointofviewwillemphasizetheneedofsuchexperiencesintheschool,asoveragainstmereacquisitionofready-madeinformationthatissuppliedinisolationfromthestudents’ownexperience.Sofar,itwillbeinlinewithwhatiscalledthe“progressive”movementineducation.Butitwillbeaninfluenceincounteractinganytendenciesthatmayexistinprogressiveeducationtoslighttheimportanceofcontinuityintheexperiencesthatarehadandtheimportanceoforganization.Unlessthescienceofeducationonitsowngroundandbehalfemphasizessubject-matterswhichcontainwithinthemselvesthepromiseandpowerofcontinuousgrowthinthedirectionoforganization,itisfalsetoitsownpositionasscientific.Incooperationwithaphilosophyofeducation,itcanlendinvaluableaidinseeingtoitthatthechosensubject-mattersarealsosuchthattheyprogressivelydeveloptowardformationofattitudesofunderstandingtheworldinwhichstudentsandteachersliveandtowardformingtheattitudesofpurpose,desireandactionwhichwillmakepupilseffectiveindealingwithsocialconditions.

Anotherpointofcommoninterestconcernstheplaceintheschoolsofthesciences,especiallytheplaceofthehabitswhichformscientificattitudesandmethods.Thescienceshadtobattleagainstpowerfulenemiestoobtainrecognitioninthecurriculum.Inaformalsense,thebattlehasbeenwon,butnotyetinasubstantialsense.Forscientificsubject-matterisstillmoreorlessisolatedasaspecialbodyoffactsandtruths.

Thefullvictorywillnotbewonuntileverysubjectandlessonistaughtinconnectionwithitsbearinguponcreationandgrowthofthekindofpowerofobservation,inquiry,reflectionandtestingthataretheheartofscientificintelligence.Experimentalphilosophyisatonewiththegenuinespiritofascientificattitudeintheendeavortoobtainforscientificmethodthiscentralplaceineducation.

Finally,thescienceandphilosophyofeducationcanandshouldworktogetherinovercomingthesplitbetweenknowledgeandaction,betweentheoryandpractice,whichnowaffectsbotheducationandsocietysoseriouslyandharmfully.Indeed,itisnottoomuchtosaythatinstitutionofahappymarriagebetweentheoryandpracticeisintheendthechiefmeaningofascienceandaphilosophyofeducationthatworktogetherforcommonends.

【答案】由于科学方法来自经过实践检验的直接经验,因此,科学观点在哲学上的任何应用都特别需要学校教育中的这类经验,而不是仅仅获取人们提供的、脱离学生自身体验的现成资料。

教育科学与教育哲学相结合,就能提供宝贵的支持,确保所选的学科题材也能逐步地朝着形成师生世界观的方向发展,朝着塑造学生实现目的、愿望和行动的态度的方向发展,使他们有效地适应社会环境。

要取得彻底胜利,就必须使每一学科和课程的讲授与培养学生观察、探究、思考和检验等能力的相关之事联系起来,而这些能力正是科学才智的核心。

8.单选题

Watchingnewsprogramatnighthasbecomean（）partofthelivesofmostpeopleinbigcities.

问题1选项

A.automotive

B.instructive

C.unconventional

D.integral

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析题。automotive自动的；instructive有教育意义的；unconventional不按照惯例的；integral完整的，不可或缺的。句意：晚上看新闻节目已经成为大多数城市人生活中不可或缺的一部分。选项D符合句意。

9.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish

由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识。就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识。世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称容易滋生误解，好像过此以上即无学问可言。大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在，在这里做学问也只算是粗涉藩篱，注重的是研究学问的方法与实习。学无止境，一生的时间都嫌太短，所以古人皓首穷经，头发白了还在继续研究，不过在这样的研究中确有浓厚的趣味。

【答案】Fromprimarytosecondaryschool,whatwelearnisnothingmorethansomebasicknowledge.Evenduringthefouryearsofuniversity,thecoursesarestillquitesuperficial.Auniversityhasoftenbeenmisleadinglyregardedasthehighestseatoflearning,asiftherewerenothingmoretolearnbeyondit.Theresearchinstituteofauniversityistheplaceforthepreliminarystudyofknowledge,andthestudyhereisonlyaroughone,focusingontheresearchmethodandpractice.Learningisanendlessprocess,andone’slifeistooshort.Thatiswhysomeancientpeoplecontinuedtostudyevenwhentheywerehoary-headed.Theyweremotivatedbyanenormousinterestintheirstudies.

10.单选题

Thethievesfledwiththelocalpolicecloseontheir（）.

问题1选项

A.backs

B.necks

C.toes

D.heels

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。onone’sheels是固定短语，意思是“紧随其后”。选项D符合题意。句意：小偷到处逃窜，当地警察穷追不舍。

11.单选题

The（）younghopefulswerepushedasideinthescrambleforjobs.

问题1选项

A.respected

B.inexperienced

C.premature

D.distinguished

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在求职竞争中,没有经验但年轻有志者都被挤掉了。

考查形容词辨析。Respected受尊敬的;inexperienced无经验的,不熟练的;premature早产的,不成熟的;distinguished著名的,高贵的。因此B符合句意。

12.单选题

TradewithBritainandtheWestIndiesallowedcolonialseaportssuchasBostonto

问题1选项

A.postpone

B.procure

C.pursue

D.prosper

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析。句意:与英国和西印度群岛的贸易使诸如波士顿这样的殖民海港得以繁荣发展。故选D。

13.单选题

MosteconomistsintheUnitedStatesseemcaptivatedbythespellofthefreemarket.Consequently,nothingseemsgoodornormalthatdoesnotaccordwiththerequirementsofthefreemarket.Apricethatisdeterminedbytheselleror,forthatmatter,establishedbyanyoneotherthantheaggregateofconsumersseemspernicious.Accordingly,itrequiresamajoractofwilltothinkofprice-fixing(thedeterminationofpricesbytheseller)asboth“normal”andhavingavaluableeconomicfunction.Infact,price-fixingisnormalinallindustrializedsocietiesbecausetheindustrialsystemitselfprovides,asaneffortlessconsequenceofitsowndevelopment,theprice-fixingthatitrequires.Modernindustrialplanningrequiresandrewardsgreatsize.Hence,acomparativelysmallnumberoflargefirmswillbecompetingforthesamegroupofconsumers.Thateachlargefirmwillactwithconsiderationofitsownneedsandthusavoidsellingitsproductsformorethanitscompetitorschargeiscommonlyrecognizedbyadvocatesoffree-marketeconomictheories.Buteachlargefirmwillalsoactwithfullconsiderationoftheneedsthatithasincommonwiththeotherlargefirmscompetingforthesamecustomers.Eachlargefirmwillthusavoidsignificantprice-cutting,becauseprice-cuttingwouldbeprejudicialtothecommoninterestinastabledemandforproducts.Mosteconomistsdonotseeprice-fixingwhenitoccursbecausetheyexpectittobebroughtaboutbyanumberofexplicitagreementsamonglargefirms;itisnot.

Moreover,thoseeconomistswhoarguethatallowingthefreemarkettooperatewithoutinterferenceisthemostefficientmethodofestablishingpriceshavenotconsideredtheeconomiesofnon-socialistcountriesotherthantheUnitedStates.Theseeconomicsemployintentionalprice-fixing,usuallyinanovertfashion.Formalprice-fixingbycartelandinformalprice-fixingbyagreementscoveringthemembersofanindustryarecommonplace.Weretheresomethingpeculiarlyefficientaboutthefreemarketandinefficientaboutprice-fixing,thecountriesthathaveavoidedthefirstandusedthesecondwouldhavesuffereddrasticallyintheireconomicdevelopment.Thereisnoindicationthattheyhave.

Socialistindustryalsoworkswithinaframeworkofcontrolledprices.Intheearly1970s,theSovie