考研考博-英语-天津工程职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津工程职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Althoughhethoughthewashelpingustopreparethedinner,hewasactually（）theway.

问题1选项

A.in

B.after

C.on

D.by

【答案】A

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项intheway“挡道，碍事，妨碍某人”；B选项aftertheway英语里没有这样的短语。C选项ontheway“在途中，在路上，从某种程度上来说”；D选项bytheway“顺便说说，顺便问一下”，句意：他以为他在帮我们准备晚餐，其实根本不是这么回事。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。

2.翻译题

Informulatinghypotheses,acommonerroristheuncriticalacceptanceofapparentcommonsensebutuntestedassumptions.Thusinthefieldofpsychology,itwasformanyyearsautomaticallyassumedthatthemaincauseofforgetfulnessistheintervaloftimeelapsingbetweensuccessiveexposurestoalearningstimulus.Experimentation,however,wassubsequentlyundertaken,andseveralotherfactors,suchasmotivationandthestrengthoreffectivenessofthestimulus,turnedouttohaveanevermoreimportantbearingontheproblem.Asomewhatsimilarerrorarisesfromneglectofmultiplecauses.Thustwoeventsmaybefoundtobeassociated,e.g.whentheincidenceofadiseaseinasmokyindustrialsectorofacityissignificantlyhigherthanthatinthesmoke-freezones,aresearchworkermightinferthattheexistenceofthediseaseisduetothesmokinessoftheareawheninfactitmightequallywellbefoundinotherreasons,suchastheunder-nourishmentoftheinhabitantsorover-crowding.

【答案】【参考译文】在提出假设的过程中，一个常见的错误是不加批判地接受表面上是常识但未经检验的假设。因此，在心理学领域，多年来不经思索地认为健忘的主要原因是消逝在连续受到学习刺激之间的时间间隔。但是后来的实验表明了还有其他几个因素在这个问题中起重要的作用，比如动机和刺激的强度和效力。一个有些类似的错误源自忽视原因的多样性。因此，两个事件可能会被发现有关联，例如，当一种疾病的发病率在烟雾弥漫的城市工业区明显高于无烟区域时，研究人员可能会推论疾病的存在是由于该地区的烟雾的关系，而事实上可能是由于其他的同样可以造成这种疾病的原因，比如居民的营养不良或过分拥挤。

3.单选题

Thescientistswereveryfrustratingastheytriedagainandagaintousethemechanicalarmtopickupthesmooth,slipperyobjectfromthebottomoftheseaandbringitintothevessel.

问题1选项

A.wereveryfrustrating

B.asthey

C.againandagain

D.bringitintothevessel.

E.没有问题

【答案】A

【解析】形容词误用。frustrating改为frustrated。frustrated：挫败的，泄气的，符合句意。frustrating：令人沮丧的。

4.单选题

Whyaresomeofusgoodatmath,whileothers（）atartorvolleyball.

问题1选项

A.work

B.excel

C.aim

D.gaze

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项workat“从事于，致力于”；B选项excelat“突出，擅长于”；C选项aimat“目的在于”；D选项gazeat“盯住，凝视”。根据句意可知，填空处填入的词应和at搭配，并且和goodat意思相近。句意“为什么有些人擅长数学，而有些人擅长艺术或排球?”选项B符合语境。

5.单选题

Aseriesofattempts（）made,hecametorealizethathehadunderestimatedtheenormityofthetask.

问题1选项

A.were

B.tobe

C.hadbeen

D.havingbeen

【答案】D

【解析】语法知识题。独立主格结构的用法，A和C选项均为谓语动词，可以排除，一系列的尝试在意识到问题之前就做过了，应该用完成时态。句意：一系列的尝试之后，他意识到他低估了这个任务的繁重性。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

Inthe（

）ofrecentincidents,weaskingourcustomerstotakeparticularcareoftheirbelongings.

问题1选项

A.evidence

B.company

C.light

D.form

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。inthelightof“根据，按照，由于，鉴于”。句意：“鉴于最近发生的事件，我们要求顾客注意保管好自己的财物”。选项C符合题意。

7.单选题

AsforAnn,Iamnotsureabouther（）inItalian.

问题1选项

A.fluency

B.clarity

C.coherence

D.excellency

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项fluency“（语言，文章）流利”；B选项clarity“清晰，清楚”；C选项coherence“一致，连贯性”；D选项excellency“优点，美德”。句意：至于安，我不确定她的意大利语是否流利。选项A符合语境。

8.填空题

Idon’twrite（1）lettersthesedays,justanoccasionalonetoanagingauntofmine.OrdinarilyIusee-mailtostayin（2）withpeople.

【答案】1.many

2.touch

【解析】1.语义题。此处用many修饰letters。与前面的否定词don’t连起来表示我最近没怎么写信。

2.固定搭配。stayintouchwith保持联系。

9.单选题

Heneverexertshimselftoaidthosetryingto（

）adifficultsituation.

问题1选项

A.rectify

B.modify

C.solidify

D.verify

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。rectify“改正”；modify“修改；更改”;solidify“团结；凝固”；verify“核实；查证”。句意：他从不帮助那些试图矫正困境的人。选项A符合题意。

10.单选题

It’samoderncity,fullof______towerblocks.

问题1选项

A.rising

B.ascending

C.soaring

D.heaving

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.rising上升的，新兴的B.ascending升（序）的

C.soaring猛增的，高耸的D.heaving（用力）举起；拖v.

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意“这是一座现代化的城市，到处都是______高楼大厦”可知，空格处修饰的是towerblocks（高楼大厦），soaring可表示“树木、建筑等高耸”，所以该题选择C项。

【干扰项排除】

A项指太阳、月亮的上升；

B、D项不符合句意。.

【句意】这是一座现代化的城市，到处都是高耸的高楼大厦。

11.单选题

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmaimersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheel.Youmighttoleratetheoddroadhog,therudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“BeKindtoOtherDrivers”campaign;otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

Roadpolitenessisnotgoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcoolheadedandgoodtemperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.

However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Typicalexamplesarethedrivewhobrakesviolentlytoallowacartoemergefromasidestreetatsomehazardtofollowingtraffic,whenafewsecondslatertheroadwouldbeclearanyway;orthemanwhowavesachildacrossazebracrossingintothepathofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheycareto.

Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsoneatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgiverisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan’tevenlearntodrive,letalonemasterthesubtleraspectsofroadsmanship.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecarownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregiveandtakefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.

1.Intheauthor’sopinion，（

）

2.Thesentence“Youmighttoleratetheoddroadhog…therule”(Para.1)impliesthat

3.Whatwouldmostprobablyhappennowadayswhenyoushowpolitenesstootherdriversonroad?

4.Theexamplesinthethirdparagraphareusedtoillustrate（

）.

5.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcarownershipexplosion，（

）.

问题1选项

A.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneeded

B.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperly

C.rudedriversshouldbepunished

D.driversshouldavoidtrafficjams

问题2选项

A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotorists

B.rudedriverscanbemetonlyoccasionally

C.thewell-manneredmotoristtodaycannottolerateimpolitedrivers

D.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstitutethemajorityofmotorists

问题3选项

A.Theywouldshowpolitenesstoyouinversely.

B.Theywouldshowthankfulnesstoyou.

C.Theywouldjustdriveonasnothinghashappened.

D.Theywouldmakewayforyoureadily.

问题4选项

A.itispolitefordriverstoletchildrenandtheoldtocrosstheroadfirst

B.thepolitenessshowninthewrongmomentcanleadtodangers

C.itisdangeroustoallowacartoemergefromasidestreettofollowtraffic

D.driversshouldrecognizeother’spolitenessattherightmoment

问题5选项

A.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrifice

B.driversshouldbereadytoyieldtoeachother

C.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselves

D.driverswillsufferagreatlossiftheypaynorespecttoothers

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.文章第一段提出交通状况与司机的态度之间的关系。第二段指出司机应该礼貌并且对他人的礼貌做出回应，这样才能创造出一个好的行车气氛。第三段作者话锋一转提到错误的礼貌是危险的并且举例说明如何危险。第四段作者号召司机正确考虑公路礼仪问题了。选项B“司机应该适当地使用公路礼仪”，符合题意。

2.文章原句Youmighttoleratetheoddroadhog,therudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadays

thewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.你可以忍受那些奇怪自私、粗鲁、不顾及他人的司机，但是现在那些好教养的司机反而是不多见的。选项D“如今没有礼貌的司机占绝大部分”，与作者的描述一致，符合题意。

3.文章第二段主要讲关于回应公路礼貌的问题，最后一句manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit“现在很多司机当他们看到别人的礼貌时无法认出”。选项C“他们会当没这回事直接开车走人”符合题意。

4.文章第三段的例子是为了证明错误的行车礼仪是危险的（however,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous）。选项B符合题意。

5.文章最后一段倒数第二句话yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecarownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregiveandtakefromallroadusers“很多年前专家就告诫我们拥有汽车的人数激增需要汽车使用者的让步”，选项B符合题意。

12.单选题

Compassionisagreatrespecterofjustice:wepitythosewhosuffer_____.

问题1选项

A.shamelessly

B.unwittingly

C.vicariously

D.undeservedly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。D项“不应得地，不当地”。A项“不知羞耻地”，B项“不知情地”，C项“代别人感受地”。结合句意：同情是对正义的极大尊重，我们同情那些遭受的人，因此只有D项符合。

13.单选题

Egyptianauthoritiesaretryingtopreventtheirhistoricalmonumentsfrom（

）thesavagesoftime.

问题1选项

A.standingby

B.countingon

C.succumbingto

D.holdingup

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。standingby支持，准备行动；countingon依赖，依靠；succumbingto屈服于…；holdingup拿着。句意：埃及当局正在试图阻止他们的历史古迹随着时间推移而消陨。C项符合题意，答案C

14.翻译题

B：TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

1.Nowadays,youcannotturnonthetelevisionorpickupanewspaperwithoutreadingaboutacrisissomewhere.Acrisiscanbedefinedasanyunexpectedeventthathasaspecificundesirableconsequence.Naturaldisasters,financialmanipulation,societaldisruptionandenvironmentalpollutionarebutafewexamplesofpotentialcrisissituations.Crisismanagementisnotadisciplinetobelearnedinthemidstofthestorm.Itmustbelearnedandpracticedwhenthereisnotacloudintheorganizationalsky.Therefore,itisextremelyimportanttohaveasysteminplacethatservestocoveralltheaspectsofcrisismanagement.

2.Noonedeniesthatcreativityisimportant—andindeed,itmayproveevenmoreimportant,inthefuture,whennearlyallstandardprocedureswillbecarriedoutbycomputers.Yetcreativityshouldnotbeequatedwithintelligence.Anexpertmaybeintelligentinoneormoredomainsbutmaynotnecessarilyinclinedtowardorsuccessfulininnovation.Althoughitisclearthattheabilitytoinnovaterequiresacertaindegreeofintelligence,wedon’tfindasignificantcorrelationbetweenmeasuresofintellectandofcreativity.Indeed,creativityseemsmoredependentonacertainkindoftemperamentandpersonality-risktaking,tough-skinned,persevering,aboveallhavingalusttoalterthestatusquoandleaveamarkonsociety—thanonefficiencyinprocessingvariouskindsofinformation.

【答案】1.如今，当你打开电视或拿起报纸时，你就会看到有关某处危机的报道。危机可以定义为任何具有特定不良后果的意外事件。自然灾害、金融操纵、社会破坏和环境污染只是潜在危机局势的几个例子。危机管理不是在风暴中学习的一门学科。当组织的天空中没有乌云的时候，你必须学习和实践它。因此，建立一个覆盖危机管理所有方面的系统是极其重要的。

2.没有人否认创造力的重要性，事实上，在未来，当几乎所有的标准程序都将由计算机执行时，创造力可能会被证明更为重要。然而，创造力不应该等同于智力。专家可能在一个或多个领域很聪明，但不一定倾向于创新或在这方面很成功。尽管创新能力需要一定程度的智力，但我们并没有发现智力和创造力之间的显著相关性。事实上，创造力似乎更依赖于某种气质和个性、冒险、坚韧、坚持不懈，最重要的是渴望改变现状并在社会上留下印记，而不是处理各种信息的效率。

15.单选题

Adivorceeisthesoleproviderinatypical“singleparent”family.

问题1选项

A.religious

B.spiritual

C.exclusive

D.chief

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:离婚者是典型的单亲家庭的唯一支撑者。

religious:宗教上的，修道的。spiritual:精神上的。exclusive:唯一的，高级的。chief:主要的。sole:单独的，唯一的。故C项与题意一致。

16.单选题

Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyKofiAnnan,theformerUnitedNationssecretarygeneral.

Thereports,tobereleasedFriday,analyzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutritionandheat-relatedhealthproblems.

Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.

Alongwiththedeaths,thereportsaidthatthelivesof325millionpeople,primarilyinpoorcountriesarebeingseriouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.Itprojectedthatthenumberwoulddoubleby2030.

RogerPielkeJr.,apoliticalscientistattheUniversityofColorado,Boulder,whostudiesdisastertrends,saidtheForum’sreportwas“amethodologicalembarrassment”becausetherewasnowaytodistinguishdeathsoreconomiclossesrelatedtohuman-drivenglobalwarmingamidthemuchlargerlossesresultingfromthegrowthinpopulationsandeconomicdevelopmentinvulnerableregions.Dr.Pielkesaidtheclimatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmostattention.”Butthereport,hesaid,“willharmhecauseforactiononbothclimatechangeanddisastersbecauseitissodeeplyflawed.”

However,SorenAndreasen,asocialscientistatDalbergGlobalDevelopmentPartnerswhosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.

Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.Morethan90%ofthehumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangeareoccurringinpoorcountries,accordingtothereport.

1.WhatisthefindingoftheGlobalHumanitarianForum?

2.WhatdowelearnabouttheForum’sreportfromthepassage?

3.WhatdoesDr.PielkesayabouttheForum’sreport?

4.WhatisSorenAdreasen’sviewofthereport?

5.WhatdoesKofiAnnansayshouldbethefocusoftheCopenhagenconference?

问题1选项

A.Ratesofdeathfromillnesseshaverisenduetoglobalwarming.

B.Globaltemperaturesaffecttherateofeconomicdevelopment.

C.Malnutritionhascausedserioushealthproblemsinpoorcountries.

D.Economictrendshavetodowithpopulationandnaturaldisasters.

问题2选项

A.Itcausedabigstirindevelopingcountries.

B.Itwaswarmlyreceivedbyenvironmentalists

C.Itarousedalotofinterestinthescientificcircles.

D.Itwaschallengedbysomeclimateandriskexperts.

问题3选项

A.Itsstatisticslookembarrassing.

B.Itdeservesourclosetsattention.

C.Itisinvalidintermsofmethodology

D.Itsconclusionispurposelyexaggerated

问题4选项

A.Itsconclusionsarebasedoncarefullycollecteddata.

B.Itisvulnerabletocriticismifthestatisticsarecloselyexamined

C.ItwillgiverisetoheateddiscussionsattheCopenhagenconference.

D.Itsroughestimatesaremeanttodrawtheattentionofworldleaders.

问题5选项

A.Howhumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangecanbereduced

B.Howrichcountriescanbetterhelppoorregionsreduceclimatehazards

C.Howemissionsofheattrappinggasescanbereducedonaglobalsale.

D.Howrichandpoorregionscanshareresponsibilityincurbingglobalwarming

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一段第一句，“Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum…”，可知全球人道主义论坛的一份报告显示，全球变暖每年导致30多万人死亡，造成大约1250亿美元的经济损失。可判断出全球人道主义论坛发现全球变暖导致疾病死亡率上升。因此选项A符合题意。

2.细节事实题。文章第一二段主要提到了人道主义论坛报告的具体内容，第三段提到了相关态度和评价。根据文章第三段，“…thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.”，可知这份报告招致了一些气候和风险专家的批评，他们对报告的方法和结论提出了质疑。可判断出这份报告受到了一些气候和风险专家的质疑。因此选项D符合题意。

3.细节事实题。根据文章第五段，“RogerPielkeJr….saidtheForum’sreportwas‘amethodologicalembarrassment…’”，可知皮尔克=表示，该论坛的报告存在“方法论的尴尬”。可判断出Dr.Pielke在方法论上是无效的。因此选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第六段，“…sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.”，可知SorenAdreasen认为这份报告的数据只是粗略估计，是针对世界各国领导人，他们将在于12月在哥本哈根举行会议，就一项新的国际气候条约进行谈判。可判断出Adreasen认为报告的粗略估计是为了引起世界领导人的注意。因此选项D符合题意。

5.细节事实题。根据文章最后一段，“Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.”，可知Annan强调，谈判需要把重点放在增加从富有地区流向贫困地区的资金问题上，以帮助他们降低面对气候灾害的脆弱性，同时减少温室气体的排放。可判断出KofiAnnan认为哥本哈根会议的重点应该放在富国如何才能更好地帮助贫困地区减少气候灾害的问题上。因此选项B符合题意。

17.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandputyouranswersonAnswerSheet.

皮影戏（ShadowPlay）是中国民间广为流传的傀儡戏之一，两千年前的西汉时期诞生在中国陕西，清代在河北盛极一时。皮影戏的人物道具用兽皮或纸板剪成，演员在一块隔亮布后操纵道具进行表演。中国的不少地方戏曲剧种都是从皮影戏中派生而来。如今，中国皮影被世界各国的博物馆收藏，还是中国政府与其他国家领导人相互往来时的馈赠佳品。

【答案】AsoneoftheearliestoperaformsandasortofwidespreadpuppetplayinChina,ShadowpuppetrywasborninShaanxi,China,duringtheWesternHanDynasty2,000yearsago,andflourishedinHebeiduringtheQingDynasty.Itscharactersandpropsaremadeofanimalskinsorpaperboardsandthestorywasperformedbyilluminatingtheseimageswiththehelpoflamplight.Whileperforming,theperformersmanipulatethecharactersbehindthewhitecurtain.ManylocaloperasinChinaarederivedfromshadowplay.Nowadays,Chineseshadowpuppetsarecollectedinmuseumsaroundtheworld,andareoftenpresentedasgiftsbytheChinesegovernmenttoleadersofothercountrieswhentheyinteractwitheachother.

18.单选题

Theymanagedto（）theenemy’ssecrettelegramandthuswereabletowinthevictory.

问题1选项

A.decompose

B.decode

C.enlighten

D.enclose

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。Decompose“分解，腐烂”；decode“解密，破译”；enlighten“启示”；enclose“围绕，装入”。句意：他们设法破译了敌人的密电，从而赢得了胜利。选项B符合题意。

19.单选题

SapphiraandtheSlaveGirlwasthelastnovelofWillaCather’sdistinguishedliterarycareer.Beguninthelastsummerof1937andfinallycompletedin1941,itisoftenregardedbycriticsasoneofhermostpersonalworks.Althoughthestorytakesplacein1856,wellbeforeherownbirth,shedrewheavilyonbothvividchildhoodmemoriesandtaleshandeddownbyolderrelativestodescribelifeinruralnorthernVirginiainthemiddleofthe19thcentury.Sheevenwentonanextendedjourneytotheareatogivethestoryafurtherringofauthenticity.

OfallofCather’smanynovels,SapphiraandtheSlaveGirlistheonemostconcernedwithprovidinganoverallpictureofdaytodaylifeinaspecificera.Anumberofthenovel’scharacters,itwouldseem,areincludedinthestoryonlybecausetheyarerepresentativeofthetypeofpeopletobefoundin19th-centuryruralVirginia;indeed,afewofthemplaynopartwhatsoeverinunfoldingoftheplot.Forinstance,weareintroducedtoapoorwhitewomen,MandyRinger,whoisportrayedasintelligentandcontent,despitethefactthatshehasnoformaleducationandmusttoilconstantlyinthefields.AndwemeetDr.Clevenger,acountrydoctorwho,withhisrefinedmanners,evokesastrongimageofthepre-CivilWarSouth.

Thetitle,however,accuratelysuggeststhatthenovelismainlyaboutslavery.Cather’sattitudetowardthisinstitutionmaybestbesummedupassomewhatambiguous.Ontheonehand,shedisplaysalmosttotalindifferencetothelegalandpoliticalaspectsofslaverywhenshemisidentifiescertaincrucialdatesinitsgrowthanddevelopment.Nordoessheeverreallyofferadirectcondemnationofslavery.Yetontheotherhand,theevilofslaverygetsthroughtous.

Althoughintypicallysubtleways,thosecharacters,likeMrs.Blake,whoopposeinstitutionareportrayedinasympatheticlight.Furthermore,thesufferingoftheslavesthemselvesandthepetty,nasty,oftencruelbehavioroftheslaveownersarepaintedinharshterms.

AlthoughSapphiraandtheSlaveGirlwascertainlynotmeanttobeapoliticaltract,thenovelissometimesconsideredtobeadenunciationofbygonedays.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Inspiteofherwillingnesstoacknowledgethatparticularaspectsofthepastwerefarfromideal,WillaCatherwas,ifanything,abitofaromantic.Especiallyinthefinalyearsofherlife,anincreasingnoteofangerabouttheemptinessofthepresentcreptintoherwriting.Earliergenerations,sheconcluded,hadbeentherealheroes,therealcreatorofallthatwasgoodinAmerican.

1.InthediscussionofWillaCather’sSapphiraandtheSlaveGirl,theauthorreferstothebook

primarilyasa（）.

2.Inparagraph2,MandyRingerandDr.Clevengerarementionedinordertoemphasizewhichpoint

aboutSapphiraandtheSlaveGirl?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whyisWillaCather'sattitudetowardslavery“somewhatambiguous”

(paragraphs)?

4.Incontext,“abitofaromantic”(paragraph4)suggeststhatWillaCather（）.

问题1选项

A.heroictaleoftheCivilWar

B.sweepingepicoftheoldSouth

C.politicaltreatiseonslavery.

D.storybasedonpersonalmaterial

问题2选项

A.OneofCather’spurposesinwritingthenovelwastopaintafullportraitoflifeinruralVirginiaintheyearsbeforetheCivilWar.

B.ThenoveldisplayCather’smixedfeelingaboutslavery

C.Cathertookfouryearstocompletethenovelbecauseshecarefullyresearchedhercharacters.

D.AnumberofthecharactersinthenovelarebasedonpeopleCatherknewinherchildhood.

问题3选项

A.Shewasignorantofthelegalandpoliticalaspectsofslaveryeventhoughshewasakeenobserverofhistory.

B.Shewasanenemyofslaverybutrefrainedfromgettinginvolvedinpoliticalissues.

C.Shesympathizedequallywithbothslavesandslaveowners.

D.Shedidnotdenounceslaverydirectbutcriticizeditinmoreroundaboutways.

问题4选项

A.favoredthepastoverthepresent.

B.condemnedtheevilsofslavery

C.dislikewritingaboutlifeinthe1930th

D.denouncedcertainaspectsof19th-centurylife.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“在讨论Willa的《莎菲拉与女奴》这本书时，作者将这本书看成是……”。文章第一段第三句话提到这本书描述了“19世纪中期美国弗吉尼亚州北部的乡村生活”（lifeinruralnorthernVirginiainthemiddleofthe19thcentury），由此可知选项B“对过去美国南方的描述”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“第二段中提到MandyRinger和Cleveenger是为了说明这部小说哪个特点？”文章第二段第一句提到“专注于描绘特定时代人们日常生活的整体画面”（concernedwithprovidinganoverallpictureofdaytodaylifeinaspecificera），第二句话提到“小说中许多人物似乎只是因为他们代表了19世纪弗吉尼亚农村的典型人物，才出现在故事中”（Anumberofthenovel’scharacters,itwouldseem,areincludedinthestoryonlybecausetheyarerepresentativeofthetypeofpeopletobefoundin19th-centuryruralVirginia），可知后面提到的人物就是为了论证这一句话，因此选项A“写这本小说的目的之一就是要全面描绘内战前弗吉尼亚农村的生活”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据作者描述，为什么她对奴隶制度的态度是有些模糊的？”文章第三段最后两句提到“她从未直接谴责过奴隶制。然后，另一方面，让我们知道了奴隶制的罪恶”(Nordoessheeverreallyofferadirectcondemnationofslavery.Yet,ontheotherhand,theevilofslaverygetsthroughtous)，选项D“她没有直接谴责奴隶制，而是以更迂回的方式进行了批判”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。题目问的是“第四段中的abitofaromantic暗示着Willa……”。文章第四段最后两句提到“在她生命的最后几年，一种对当下空虚的愤怒之情悄悄暗含在她的作品。她总结道，前几代人是真正的英雄，是美国所有美好事物的真正创造者”（Especiallyinthefinalyearsofherlife,anincreasingnoteofangerabouttheemptinessofthepresentcreptintoherwriting.Earliergenerations,sheconcluded,hadbeentherealheroes,therealcreatorofallthatwasgoodinAmerican），由此可知选项A“她喜欢过去胜于现在”符合题意。

20.单选题

Intryingtosolvetheproblemweseemtohaveexhaustedallthe（）thatthebrainofmancouldsuggest.

问题1选项

A.ingenuity

B.nuances

C.ingenuousness

D.nourishments

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析题。ingenuity精巧、独创性；nuances细微差别；ingenuousness正直、老实；nourishments

食物、营养品。句意：在试图解决这个问题的过程中，我们似乎耗尽了人类大脑所能提供的所有营养。这里引申为“绞尽脑汁”。选项D符合句意。

21.单选题

Theceremonywill（）assoonastheministerarrives.

问题1选项

A.complete

B.descend

C.disperse

D.commence

【答案】D

【解析】complete完成；descend下降；disperse分散；commence开始。句意：只要部长一到,典礼就开始。

22.单选题

Thetorchwas（）byafamousathleteattheopeningofthesportsmeeting.

问题1选项

A.deceived

B.ignited

C.implemented

D.designated

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。deceive“欺骗,行骗”;ignite“点燃,使燃烧”;implement“实施,执行”;designate“指定,指派”。句意:在运动会开幕式上火炬由一名著名的运动员点燃。选项B符合句意。

23.单选题

Inmostcasespoliticiansare______astheyseldomtellthetruth.

问题1选项

A.credible

B.credulous

C.incredulous

D.incredible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项credible“可靠的，可信的”，B项credulous“轻信的，因轻信而产生的”，C项incredulous“不肯相信的，表示怀疑的”，D项incredible“不可能相信的，很难相信的”。由主语politicians（政客）和关键信息astheyseldomtellthetruth（因为他们很少讲真话）可知，politiciansare______表示的是“政客都是不能相信的”，D项符合。句意：在大多数情况下，政客们都是难以令人相信的，因为他们很少讲真话。因此，该题选择D项。

24.单选题

Forsomeleadersintheteapartymovement,theongoingskirmishoverwhetherpresidentialcontenderMittRomneyshouldspeakataTeaPartyExpressrallyinNewHampshireonMondayis（）butan（）quarrel.

问题1选项

A.anythinginternecine

B.somethinginteresting

C.anythingintermediary

D.somethinginteragency

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配和形容词词义辨析。根据固定搭配“anythingbut”，选项B和D可排除。

internecine“两败俱伤的”；interagency“跨部门的”。句意：关于总统候选人MittRomney周一是否应该在新罕布什尔州的茶党集会上发表讲话的争论，绝对不是一场两败俱伤的争吵。选项A符合题意。

25.单选题

Lyinghereinthesunisaverypleasantwayto（）theafternoon.

问题1选项

A.giveaway

B.passaway

C.whileaway

D.fadeaway

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项giveaway“分发”；B选项passaway“去世”；C选项whileaway“消磨”；D选项fadeaway“减弱”。句意：躺在这里晒太阳是一种令人愉快的消磨下午时间的方式。本句表示消磨时间。因此C选项正确。

26.单选题

（

）Itwasafterthefailureofthisattemptthathetoforce.

问题1选项

A.resolved

B.recurred

C.exerted

D.resorted

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析。句意:自那次试验失败后，他诉诸武力。

resolve:决心，分解;recur:复发，重视，再发生;exert:运用，发挥。resort:求助，诉诸。此句是个强调句型，强调是状语。Resortto诉诸,求助于。故D项符合句意。

27.单选题

InAfricaHIVandAIDScontinueto（）thepopulation;nearly60percentofthoseinfectedarewomen.

问题1选项

A.alleviate

B.boost

C.capture

D.ravage

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项alleviate“减轻，缓和”；B选项boost“促进，增加”；C选项capture“捕获”；D选项ravage“毁坏，破坏，蹂躏”。句意：在非洲，艾滋病毒和艾滋病继续_____人们；将近60%的感染者是女性。这里表达的意思是艾滋病仍然在非洲肆虐，“蹂躏着那里的人们”，因此D选项符合题意。

28.单选题

Theworldofeducationiscurrentlyundergoingamassivetransformationasaresultofthedigitalrevolution.Thistransformationissimilartothetransitionfromapprenticeshiptouniversalschoolingthatoccurredinthe19thcenturyasaresultoftheindustrialrevolution.Intheapprenticeshipera,mostofwhatpeoplelearnedoccurredoutsideofschool.Universalschoolingledpeopletoidentifylearningwithschool,butnowtheidentificationofthetwoisunraveling.

Allarounduspeoplearelearningwiththeaidofnewtechnologies:childrenareplayingcomplexvideogames,workersareinteractingwithsimulationsthatputtheminchallengingsituations,studentsaretakingcoursesatonlinehighschoolsandcolleges,andadultsareconsultingWikipedia.Newtechnologiescreatelearningopportunitiesthatchallengetraditionalschoolsandcolleges.Thesenewlearningnichesenablepeopleofallagestopursuelearningontheirownterms.Peoplearoundtheworldaretakingtheireducationoutofschoolintohomes,libraries,Internetcafesandworkplaces,wheretheycandecidewhattheywanttolearn,whentheywanttolearn,andhowtheywanttolearn.

Whowillbenefitultimatelyfromthisrevolution?InAmericathereisacommercialpushtoselleducationalproductstoconsumersw