份全国大学英语四六级陪伴班基础语法讲义

份全国大学英语四六级陪同班基础语法讲义份全国大学英语四六级陪同班基础语法讲义份全国大学英语四六级陪同班基础语法讲义手把手搞定四六级语法几点说明什么是语法？词性、成分、句子为何要分析语法？1〕看懂长句Teenagersatriskofdepression,anxietyandsuicideoftenweartheirtroubleslikeaneon(霓虹灯)sign.〔CET6:2021-20词〕AccordingtoamultiethnicstudyofLosAngelesadolescents,teenagerswhosaidthattheirrolemodelwassomeonetheyknew,e.g.aparent,relative,friend,ordoctoroutsidethefamily,hadhigherself-esteem,highergrades,andlowersubstanceusethanpeerswhoserolemodelsweresportsfigures,singers,orothermediacharacters.〔CET6:2021-54词〕2〕读懂难句A:Noteveryonehasadevicetorecordtheirsleeppatterns〔.CET4:2021-12〕AllpiecesofworksoftheartistSummerisnotsatisfying.However,oneofthepiecesisveryinspiring.Everythingdoesn’tsucceedinbusinessbookslikethestudyofsuccess.〔CET6:2021-12〕B：Idon’tlearnEnglishbecauseIlikeit.Idon’tmarryyoubecauseIloveyou.Thetreesdon’tliveinsalineareasbecausetheyneedsalt.3〕写出美句Itisuniversallyheldthatwiththeadvanceofmodernsociety,onlythoseequippedwithupdatedknowledgearemostlikelytoreachthesummitoftheirsuccess,whichcanonlybeachievedthroughconstantreading.Takingintoaccountofallthesefactors,wemayreachtheconclusionthatourchildrenisourfuture.Toputallintoanutshell,Isupportthestatementthatbeautifulisimportant.Forthereasonspresentedabove,Istronglycommittothenotionthatmyfatherwascookedinthekitchen.第一节：八门五花——简单句一、简单句的形式1、主谓go.Timeflies.Modestybenefits.Pridehurts.Thenumberhasincreased.〔CET4:2021-12〕2、主谓宾Iloveyou.Igotoschool.65millionpeopleintheUnitedStateshaveacriminalrecord.〔CET4:2021-12〕3、主系表Tomisaboy.Tomishandsome.Theseleadersarelivingproof.Managementisaboutmakingdifficulttradeoffs.〔CET6:2021-12〕Theteachersmustbefreetoteachintheirownway.〔CET4:2021-12〕Onesimplecheckwouldbetoprogramarobot.〔CET4:2021-6〕GMfoodsseemtoactasasymbol.〔CET6:2021-6〕4、主+谓+双宾语alsogivesschoolsahigheryieldrate.〔CET6:2021-6〕5、主+谓+宾+补IfindEnglisheasy.ImadeTomhappy.Manypeopleconsiderwhatreallyispossibleimpossible.Saney方法1：Thesecrettoeatinglessandbeinghappyaboutitmayhavebeencrackedyearsago.〔CET4:2021-12〕Fallingoilpriceshavegivenaboosttotheworldeconomy.〔CET4:2021-12〕Shewillmakehimagoodhusband.Shewillmakehimagoodwife.Wewillgetdepressedeasily.BothchildrenandadultsgetChristmaspresents.Hegotherasplendidpresent.Hegothisshoesandsockswet.Ifoundthebookeasily.methenewspaper.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.二、简单句的的写作、翻译应用中国农业的最新张开是推动有机农业。(CET6:2021-12)____________________________________________________________________________________中国文学的四大经典名著中有三部写于明朝。〔CET6:2021-6〕____________________________________________________________________________________第二节：捉摸不定——定语一、定语的作用二、定语的形式1、词汇：2、短语：3、句子：三、定语的地点☆1、-前置abigcarswimmingpoolcompensatinglineasleepingbeautyamarriedmanabrokenwindow2、短、句子-后置！1〕doing短amanwalkingtome⋯reasonsaccountingfortheproblem⋯2〕done短awindowbrokenbyTom⋯ahearthurtbyyou⋯3〕todoabooktoread⋯amethodtohelpus⋯4〕prep短thejacketofthisfinebook⋯aguidebooktothecity〔CET6:2021-6〕aone-size-fits-allsolutiontoglobalagricultureproblems〔CET6:2021-6〕5〕adj短amansensitivetogirls⋯awayusefulforme⋯方法2：...1.8millionjobslostinthelastthreemonths...〔CET6:2021-6〕....chaptersdedicatedtospecificaspectsofurbanity...〔CET6:2021-6〕.....theabilitytoescapetheboredomofafarmeragricultural’slife...〔CET6:2021-6〕...theproductofatelephonesurveyofabout60000homes...〔CET6:2021-6〕...thedegradationofrepetitiveassemblylineworkinthefactory...〔CET6:2021-6〕...reputationinfavourofsomethingmoreacademicandserious...〔CET6:2021-12〕Saney方法的合：remaincentralcomponentsofAmerica'seducationalsystematalllevels.〔CET4:2021-6〕Thereisreasontohelpmeettheenormouschallengeofsustainablyfeedingagrowingplanet.〔CET6:2021-6〕Theobjectiveofthisdebatinggameisnottowinbuttogettothetruthallowingyoutomovefaster,farther,andbetter.〔CET4:2021-12〕(DIY)Thecriticismtowardthemanfrompeopleforhimbeingattackedbyatigerafterbreakingtherulereflectstheattitudegrowingtoberational.四、定语的写作、翻译应用Theory:写骨干中心语+doing/todo/done一辆(在大学用过的)自行车正在销售！〔CET4:2021-6〕Abike_________oncampusisavailableonsale.这辆〔装备畅快座位及坚固车胎的〕自行车是您的最正确选择。〔CET4:2021-6〕Thisbicycle________________________________isyourbestchoice.中国成为最受外国学生欢送留学目的地之一。〔CET6:2021-12〕____________________________________________________________________________________中国文学的四大经典名著中有三部写于明朝。〔CET6:2021-6〕____________________________________________________________________________________二、状的形式1、：adv:hardly/effectively/usefully-ly)⋯(deliciouslyironic2、短：a:prep.短in1982,/onthetable,/withregardto...b:doing/todo/done⋯Topassthetest,heworkshard.3、状从句三、状的地点(逗号分开)1、句首2、句末3、句中〔插入〕In2021,Iboughtabook.Iboughtabook,in2021.I,in2021,boughtabook.四、状的修与☆1、就近修v./adj./adv.Ideeplyloveyou.Iloveyoudeeply.TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise.2、短含:状的主是整个句子的主a:prep.短条件有逗号无逗号句首句末b:doing/todo/done⋯短Smiling,sheanswered“thankyou〞.Drivingthecar,hedidnotwanttotalk.Topleasehermother-in-law,shebroughtheragift.Surprisedbytheanswer,theteachercouldnotsayaword.Exhausted,wepersist.Basedonthosefactsfromthisresearch,thatmightbearationalwaytoreachadecision.(CET4:2021-6)〔与主的关系〕〔与主的〕DoingTodoDoneSaney方法3：Traditionalvocationaltraininginpublichighschoolsisgraduallydeclining,strandingthousandsofyoungpeopleseekingtrainingforacraftwithoutgoingtocollege.(CET6:2021-6)五、状语的写作、翻译应用装备畅快座位及坚固车胎，这辆自行车是您的最正确选择。〔CET4:2021-6〕________________________________this,bicycleisyourbestchoice.这辆自行车,装备畅快座位及坚固车胎,是您的最正确选择。〔CET4:2021-6〕__________________________________________________________.中国人主要花时间在生活上，极罕有时机出门旅游。〔CET6:2021-12〕____________________________________________________________________________________明朝统治中国276年，被人们描述成人类历史上治理有序、社会坚固的最伟大的时代之一。(CET6:2021-6)____________________________________________________________________________________大批商品，包含烟酒，都在市场销售。(CET6:2021-6)____________________________________________________________________________________第四节：四大天王——名词性从句Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.一、名词性从句的实质三种句子充任四种成分三种句子：四种成分：二、名词性从句的形式陈说句—thatTangibleiscool.a.Itisatruth.b.Iknowit.c.Thetruthisit.d.Thetruthitisimportant._____________isatruth.Iknow_____________.Thetruthis_____________.Thetruth_____________isimportant.2.一般疑问句(Yes/No)Thequestionisit.Thequestionitisimportant._____________isaquestion.Iknow_____________.Thequestionis_____________.Thequestion_____________isimportant.特别疑问句(Wh-发问)WhoisTangible?—whoTangibleis.a.Itisaquestion.b.Iknowit.c.Thequestionisit.d.Thequestionitisimportant._____________isaquestion.Iknow_____________.Thequestionis_____________.Thequestion_____________isimportant.v2的出意味着从句的束！ThatTangibleiscoolistrue.Whetherresidentsfeltinvolvedinthedecisiontomoveandhowlongtheyhadlivedtherealsoprovedsignificant.〔CET4:2021-6〕注意：主从句能够写成形式主形式。ThatTangibleiscoolisatruth.ItisatruththatTangibleiscool.Tomeetyouismypleasure.Itismypleasuretomeetyou.Itv/be⋯thatto⋯/do⋯翻将后边主原It'snicetohavepeopleoflikemindaround.〔CET4:2021-12〕Itisnaturaltodesiretodosoforspecialoccasions.〔CET6:2021-6〕itishardlysurprisingthatuniversitiesarebeginningtochangetheway.〔CET6:2021-12〕Itisvitalthatonceaninstitutionclaimstobeparticularlygoodatsomething,itmustliveuptoit.〔CET6:2021-12〕2、从句v1/prep(that)/6w⋯v2Ithinkthathothothotissensational.Thatdoesn'tmeanGMcropsareperfect.〔CET6:2021-6〕Heorderedthatfederalfundsnotbeusedforsuchanexperiment.desire/suggest/request/order/propose＋that...(should)...(表示建、求、命令)CET6:2021-6〕toinnovation,bringsdownthetradedeficit,strengthensthedollar,generatesjobs,armsthemilitaryandbringsaboutarecoveryfromrecession.(CET6:2021-6)Thelearningisaresultofreinforcement,imitation,andmodeling.TheWorldCupisalsochieflyresponsibleforsleepdeprivation(剥).(CET4:2021-12)原由分析：Piagetarguedthatattainingandacceptingavocationisoneofthebestwaystomodifyidealizedviewsandtomature.〔CET6:2021-6〕3、表从句bethat/6w⋯vThetruthisthatyouareright.Thedifficultquestionishowtofindthatprofitablenicheandprotectit.〔CET6:2021-12〕Theproblemforuniversitiesisthatifthosebenefitsfailtomaterialise,studentsnotice〔.CET6:2021-12〕Thisoutcomeindicatedthatschoolinghadfailedtohelpstudentsthinkaboutmajorscientificideas.〔CET6:2021-12〕否定意使用：4、同位从句n(抽象名)that/6w⋯v抽象名：thefact/thephenomenon/theidea/thebelief/thetruth/thecharge/theconcept/theproof⋯ThereisnoquestionthattheUnitedStatesimportsagreatdealofenergy.〔CET4:2021-6〕Thereisnoevidencethattextingisruiningcompositionskills.〔CET6:2021-6〕方法4：Afatherwhoisrarelyathomebecausehe’salwaysworkingsendsthemessagethatmenaresupposedtoearnmoney.Amotherwhoisalwayscomplainingaboutbeingoverweightoroldsendsthemessagethatwomenaresupposedtobethinandyoung.〔CET6:2021-6〕谓语：三、名词性从句的写作、翻译应用Itisquiteimportant〔ofgreatimportance)forthegovernmentandauthoritiesconcernedtoplaceahighvalueon(+n.).Agrowingshareoffolkswakeuptothefactthat(+句子)3.Thephenomenonthat(+句子)canalsobeattributedtotheabsenceofpeopleconsciousnessof’s(+n.).4.AstheChineseeconomysoars,thetrendthat(+句子)isincreasinglyprevalent.第五节：一主二仆——定语从句与状语从句Ilovethewaythathurtsmyheart.Ilovetheway+thewayhurtsmyheartthat做不做成分？2、定语从句与同位语从句的差别构造上含义上翻译上定语从句同位语从句Thenewsthatshockedheralotcameearlyinthemorning.Thenewsthatherhusbandwasdeadinthestormcameearlyinthemorning.Thenewsthatherhusbanddiedinthestormcameearlyinthemorning.Americansviewsthefamilyasagroupwhoseprimarypurposeistoadvancethehappinessofindividualmembers.(CET6:2021-6)Employershaveexpressedapreferenceforstudentswhohavereceivedabroadly-basededucationthathastaughtthemtowritewell,thinkcritically,researchcreatively,andcommunicateeasily.(CET4:2021-6)movieyourecommend.Allyouneedisrealfood.(CET4:2021-12)=Allthatyouneedisrealfood.二、状语从句1、状语从句的含义：连结词Becauseparentsareemotionallyimportanttotheirchildren,theyaretypicallyachild'smostpowerfulrolemodels.(CET6:2021-6)Asfamiliesmoveawaytheirstablecommunity,theirfriendsofmanyyearsandtheirextendedfamilyrelationships,theinformalflowofinformationiscutoff.AsArtificialIntelligence(AI)becomesincreasinglysophisticated,therearegrowingconcernsthatrobotscouldbecomeathreat.(CET4:2021-6)Whiletalkingislargelysubconsciousandrapid,writingisdeliberateandslow.(CET6:2021-6)Theirpopularitydidn’tboomuntiltelevisionsbecamepopularadecadeorsolater.(CET4:2021-12)Itwasn’tuntilIhitaround25thatIrealizedI’dmissedalargechunkofmylifeforabsolutelynoreason.(CET6:2021-6)SeniorshaveuntilMay1tochoosewhichschooltoattend.(CET6:2021-6)Untiltheseissuesareresolved,atechnologyofbehaviorwillcontinuetoberejected.5：Manypeopleareborrowingoncreditcardssoheavilythatpayoffratesattheselevelsarenotsufficienttorecovertheircreditcarddebt