2021英语专四专题之阅读理解推荐资料

英语专四专题之阅读(yuèdú)理解第一页，共64页。常见(chánɡjiàn)设题点一、篇首(piānshǒu)、篇尾、段首、段尾处常考

Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearearrestedandtakentocourtforshop-lifting.InBritainalone,aboutHK$3,000,000’sworthofgoodsarestolenfromshopseveryweek.ThisamountstosomethinglikeHK$150millionayear,andrepresentsabout4percentoftheshops’totalstock.Asaresultofthis“shrinkage”astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.第二页，共64页。Whydoesthehonestpublichavetopayhigherpriceswhentheygototheshops?Thereisa“shrinkage”inmarketvalues.Manygoodsarenotavailable.Goodsinmanyshopslackvariety.Therearemanycasesofshop-lifting第三页，共64页。Whydoesthehonestpublichavetopayhigherpriceswhentheygototheshops?Thereisa“shrinkage”inmarketvalues.Manygoodsarenotavailable.Goodsinmanyshopslackvariety.Therearemanycasesofshop-lifting第四页，共64页。

TherewasnothingmuchIwantedtoeat:theremainsofabunchofcelery,ablue-tingedheelofbread,alemongoingsoft.I’vefallenintothehabitsofthesolitary;mymealsaresnatchedandrandom.Theauthordidn’tlikethefoodintherefrigeratorbecauseitwasNOT______.A.freshB.sufficientC.nutritiousD.delicious二、特殊(tèshū)标点处常考第五页，共64页。

TherewasnothingmuchIwantedtoeat:theremainsofabunchofcelery,ablue-tingedheelofbread,alemongoingsoft.I’vefallenintothehabitsofthesolitary;mymealsaresnatchedandrandom.Theauthordidn’tlikethefoodintherefrigeratorbecauseitwasNOT______.A.freshB.sufficientC.nutritiousD.delicious二、特殊(tèshū)标点处常考第六页，共64页。三、语义转折处常考

Butnotemperaturemadethemadelephantsmoremadormoresane.Theirwearisomeheadswentupanddownatthesamerate,inhotweatherandincold,wetweatheranddry,fairweatherandfoul.

Only_____werenotaffectedbyweather.A.theworkmenB.theinhabitantsC.thesteam-enginesD.therustlingwoods第七页，共64页。三、语义转折处常考

Butnotemperaturemadethemadelephantsmoremadormoresane.Theirwearisomeheadswentupanddownatthesamerate,inhotweatherandincold,wetweatheranddry,fairweatherandfoul.

Only_____werenotaffectedbyweather.A.theworkmenB.theinhabitants

C.thesteam-enginesD.therustlingwoods第八页，共64页。四、列举(lièjǔ)、举例或打比方处常考

Manyemployers,forexample,willoverlookoccasionalinefficienciesfromtheirsecretaryprovidedshehasapleasantpersonality.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatanemployermighttoleratehissecretary’soccasionalmistakes,ifthelatteris_____.A.directB.cheerfulC.shyD.capable第九页，共64页。四、列举(lièjǔ)、举例或打比方处常考

Manyemployers,forexample,willoverlookoccasionalinefficienciesfromtheirsecretaryprovidedshehasapleasantpersonality.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatanemployermighttoleratehissecretary’soccasionalmistakes,ifthelatteris_____.A.directB.cheerfulC.shyD.capable第十页，共64页。五、因果关系处常考

Sevenwasanothersignificantnumber,usuallyregardedasabringerofgoodluck….Nineisusuallythoughtofasaluckynumber

becauseitistheproductofthreetimesthree.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinggroupsofnumberswillcertainlybringgoodlucktopeople?A.3and7B.3and9C.7and9D.3and13第十一页，共64页。五、因果关系处常考

Sevenwasanothersignificantnumber,usuallyregardedasabringerofgoodluck….Nineisusuallythoughtofasaluckynumberbecauseitistheproductofthreetimesthree.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinggroupsofnumberswillcertainlybringgoodlucktopeople?A.3and7B.3and9C.7and9D.3and13第十二页，共64页。六、复杂(fùzá)句、特殊句处常考

…women’smagazinewiththegoodsadvertisedbythoseperiodicals…Acarefulbalancehastobestruck:ifyoushowalabor-savingdevice,followitupwithacomplicatedrecipeonthenextpage;onnoaccounthintatthenotionthatawomancouldgetherselfajob,butinsteadfosterhersenseofherownusefulness,emphasizingthecreativeaspectofherfunctionasahousewife.第十三页，共64页。Thegoodsadvertisedinwomen’smagazinesarereallymeantto____.A.freehousewivesfromhouseworkB.encouragehousewivestogoouttoworkC.makehousewivesintoexcellentcooksD.givethemafalsesenseoffulfillment第十四页，共64页。Thegoodsadvertisedinwomen’smagazinesarereallymeantto____.A.freehousewivesfromhouseworkB.encouragehousewivestogoouttoworkC.makehousewivesintoexcellentcooksD.givethemafalsesenseoffulfillment第十五页，共64页。七、否定(fǒudìng)处常考Fewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare,andfewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion.Theauthorthinksthatpeopleare_____.Satisfiedwiththeirappearance.ConcernedaboutappearanceinoldageFarfromneglectingwhatisinfashionReluctanttofollowthetrendsinfashion第十六页，共64页。七、否定(fǒudìng)处常考Fewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare,andfewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion.Theauthorthinksthatpeopleare_____.Satisfiedwiththeirappearance.ConcernedaboutappearanceinoldageFarfromneglectingwhatisinfashionReluctanttofollowthetrendsinfashion第十七页，共64页。八、文中人物(rénwù)观点处常考

Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatteroffrustrationorajoke.Nowthebiologistshavemovedintothisminefield,andsomeofthemhavefoundthattherearerealdifferencesbetweenthebrainsofmenandwomen.Butbeingdifferent,theypointouthurriedly,isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse.第十八页，共64页。WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?Biologistsareconductingresearchwherepsychologistshavegivenup.Braindifferencespointtosuperiorityofonesexovertheother.Resultsofscientificresearchfailtosupportpopularbelief.Thestructuraldifferenceinthebrainbetweenthesexeshaslongbeenknown.第十九页，共64页。WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?Biologistsareconductingresearchwherepsychologistshavegivenup.Braindifferencespointtosuperiorityofonesexovertheother.Resultsofscientificresearchfailtosupportpopularbelief.Thestructuraldifferenceinthebrainbetweenthesexeshaslongbeenknown.第二十页，共64页。阅读理解题目(tímù)类型事实(shìshí)细节题推理(tuīlǐ)判断题语义理解题观点态度题主旨大意题第二十一页，共64页。事实(shìshí)细节题1、词语细节(xìjié)题2、隐含细节(xìjié)题第二十二页，共64页。一、同义(tónɡyì)转述为解SendingachildtoschoolinEnglandisastepwhichmanyparentsdonotfindeasytotake.Intheory,atleast,theproblemisthatthereareverymanychoicestomake.Parentsfindchoosingaschoolhardbecause____.thereisalimitednumberofchoicessomeschoolsareveryexpensivesomeschoolsaregovernmentschoolstheyarefacedwithavarietyofoffers第二十三页，共64页。一、同义(tónɡyì)转述为解SendingachildtoschoolinEnglandisastepwhichmanyparentsdonotfindeasytotake.Intheory,atleast,theproblemisthatthereareverymanychoicestomake.Parentsfindchoosingaschoolhardbecause____.thereisalimitednumberofchoicessomeschoolsareveryexpensivesomeschoolsaregovernmentschoolstheyarefacedwithavarietyofoffers第二十四页，共64页。二、与原文矛盾(máodùn)不为解Itwasnotuntilthe13thand14thcenturiesthatsurnamesbecamefixed,althoughformanyyearsafterthat,thedegreeofstabilityinfamilynamesvariedconsiderablyindifferentpartsofthecountry.Welearnfromthefirstparagraph____formanyyearsafterthe13thand14thcenturies.familynamesbecamedescriptiveandoccupationalpeopleinsomeareasstillhadnosurnamessomepeoplekeptchangingtheirsurnamesallfamilynamesbecamefixedinEngland

第二十五页，共64页。二、与原文(yuánwén)矛盾不为解Itwasnotuntilthe13thand14thcenturiesthatsurnamesbecamefixed,althoughformanyyearsafterthat,thedegreeofstabilityinfamilynamesvariedconsiderablyindifferentpartsofthecountry.Welearnfromthefirstparagraph____formanyyearsafterthe13thand14thcenturies.familynamesbecamedescriptiveandoccupationalpeopleinsomeareasstillhadnosurnamessomepeoplekeptchangingtheirsurnamesallfamilynamesbecamefixedinEngland第二十六页，共64页。三、照抄原文信息(xìnxī)不为解Sincetheearly1930s,Swissbankshadpridedthemselvesontheirsystemofbankingsecrecyandnumberedaccounts.Swissbankstookpridein_______.thenumberoftheiraccountswithholdingclientinformationbeingmysterioustotheoutsidersattractingwealthyforeignclients第二十七页，共64页。三、照抄(zhàochāo)原文信息不为解Sincetheearly1930s,Swissbankshadpridedthemselvesontheirsystemofbankingsecrecyandnumberedaccounts.Swissbankstookpridein_______.thenumberoftheiraccountswithholdingclientinformationbeingmysterioustotheoutsidersattractingwealthyforeignclients第二十八页，共64页。四、与原句内容相似(xiānɡsì)但过于绝对化的不为解By2005,nearlyallcollegetextsandmanyhighschoolandjuniorhighbookswillbetiedtoInternetsitesthatprovidesourcematerial,studyexercisesandrelevantnewsarticlestoaidinlearning.only,everything,all,none,must,never,alone,everyone,each,entirely,absolute,any,haveto,no,completely第二十九页，共64页。WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?By2005allcollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillturnelectronic.By2005printedcollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillbesupplementedwithelectronicmaterial.By2005somecollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillbeaccompaniedbyCD-ROMs.By2005Internetlinksmakeworldwidelibrarysearchapossibility.第三十页，共64页。peopleinsomeareasstillhadnosurnameseachhospitalhasatleastonepart-timeteachereachhospitalhasatleastonepart-timeteacherarguement–isthat….Thestructuraldifferenceinthebrainbetweenthesexeshaslongbeenknown.Thismainargumentinmonthisnotregardedwithanyfearatall,whichAsaresultofthis“shrinkage”astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.Asaresultofthis“shrinkage”astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.六、复杂(fùzá)句、特殊句处常考thereisalimitednumberofchoicessome,sometimes,certain,someone,more…than,lesswithholdingclientinformationobservantB.语义理解(lǐjiě)题ItisfoundthathalfthehospitalsinEnglandwhichadmitchildrenhavenoteacher.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?By2005allcollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillturnelectronic.By2005printedcollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillbesupplementedwithelectronicmaterial.By2005somecollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillbeaccompaniedbyCD-ROMs.By2005Internetlinksmakeworldwidelibrarysearchapossibility.第三十一页，共64页。五、含有模糊性的概括(gàikuò)词往往是解Surprisingly,nooneknowshowmanychildrenreceiveeducationinEnglishhospitals,stilllessthecontentorqualityofthateducation.Properrecordsarejustnotkept.Theauthorpointsoutatthebeginningthat_____.everychildinhospitalreceivessometeachingnotenoughisknownabouthospitalteachinghospitalteachingisofpoorqualitythespecialchildren’shospitalsareworstoffsome,sometimes,certain,someone,more…than,less第三十二页，共64页。五、含有模糊性的概括(gàikuò)词往往是解Surprisingly,nooneknowshowmanychildrenreceiveeducationinEnglishhospitals,stilllessthecontentorqualityofthateducation.Properrecordsarejustnotkept.Theauthorpointsoutatthebeginningthat_____.everychildinhospitalreceivessometeachingnotenoughisknownabouthospitalteachinghospitalteachingisofpoorqualitythespecialchildren’shospitalsareworstoffsome,sometimes,certain,someone,more…than,less第三十三页，共64页。推理(tuīlǐ)判断题imply,infer,deduce,concludeItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat…Welearnfromthepassagethat…Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat…第三十四页，共64页。一、准确(zhǔnquè)定位考察点Wehaveusedsiliconchipsforonlyafewyears,butlifeischangingfastereveryday.Whatwilllifebeliketwentyyearsfromnow?Whatwilltheworldbeliketwomillionyearsfromnow?Attheendofthepassagetheauthorseemstosuggestthatlifeinfutureis____.disastrousunpredictableexcitingcolorful第三十五页，共64页。一、准确(zhǔnquè)定位考察点Wehaveusedsiliconchipsforonlyafewyears,butlifeischangingfastereveryday.Whatwilllifebeliketwentyyearsfromnow?Whatwilltheworldbeliketwomillionyearsfromnow?Attheendofthepassagetheauthorseemstosuggestthatlifeinfutureis____.disastrousunpredictableexcitingcolorful第三十六页，共64页。Mrs.McGillicuddylookedfromherwindowthroughthewindowsoftheparallelcarriages.Mostoftheblindsweredown,butoccasionallytheoccupantsofthecarriageswerevisible.Theothertrainwasnotveryfullandwhenthereweremanyemptycarriages.Mrs.McGuillicuddyseemstobea(an)__person.observantB.interestedC.nosyD.nervous第三十七页，共64页。Mrs.McGillicuddylookedfromherwindowthroughthewindowsoftheparallelcarriages.Mostoftheblindsweredown,butoccasionallytheoccupantsofthecarriageswerevisible.Theothertrainwasnotveryfullandwhenthereweremanyemptycarriages.Mrs.McGuillicuddyseemstobea(an)__person.observantB.interestedC.nosyD.nervous第三十八页，共64页。二、绝对化说法(shuōfǎ)不为解

Littlewonderthelatestsurveyconcludesthattheextentandtypeofhospitalteachingavailabledifferagreatdealacrossthecountry.ItisfoundthathalfthehospitalsinEnglandwhichadmitchildrenhavenoteacher.Afurtherquarterhaveonlyapart-timeteacher.

Itcanbeinferredfromthelatestsurveythat____.hospitalteachingacrossthecountryissimilareachhospitalhasatleastonepart-timeteacherallhospitalssurveyedoffereducationtochildrenonlyone-forthofthehospitalshavefull-timeteachers第三十九页，共64页。二、绝对化说法(shuōfǎ)不为解

Littlewonderthelatestsurveyconcludesthattheextentandtypeofhospitalteachingavailabledifferagreatdealacrossthecountry.ItisfoundthathalfthehospitalsinEnglandwhichadmitchildrenhavenoteacher.Afurtherquarterhaveonlyapart-timeteacher.

Itcanbeinferredfromthelatestsurveythat____.hospitalteachingacrossthecountryissimilareachhospitalhasatleastonepart-timeteacherallhospitalssurveyedoffereducationtochildrenonlyone-forthofthehospitalshavefull-timeteachers第四十页，共64页。三、细节重复(chóngfù)不为解Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearearrestedandtakentocourtforshop-lifting.InBritainalone,aboutHK$3,000,000’sworthofgoodsarestolenfromshopseveryweek.ThisamountstosomethinglikeHK$150millionayear,andrepresentsabout4percentoftheshops’totalstock.Asaresultofthis“shrinkage”astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.第四十一页，共64页。Whydoesthehonestpublichavetopayhigherpriceswhentheygototheshops?Thereisa“shrinkage”inmarketvalue.Manygoodsarenotavailable.Goodsinmanyshopslackvariety.Therearemanycasesofshop-lifting.第四十二页，共64页。语义理解(lǐjiě)题一、同义(tónɡyì)转述为解I’vefallenintothehabitsofthesolitary….Atnightthehousewasmorethaneverlikeastranger’s.By“Atnightthehousewasmorethaneverlikeastranger’s”,theauthorprobablymeansthat___.thehousewastoodarkatnight.therewereunfamiliarroomsinthehouseshefeltmuchmorelonelyatnightthefurnituretheredidn’tbelongtoher第四十三页，共64页。语义理解(lǐjiě)题一、同义(tónɡyì)转述为解I’vefallenintothehabitsofthesolitary….Atnightthehousewasmorethaneverlikeastranger’s.By“Atnightthehousewasmorethaneverlikeastranger’s”,theauthorprobablymeansthat___.thehousewastoodarkatnight.therewereunfamiliarroomsinthehouseshefeltmuchmorelonelyatnightthefurnituretheredidn’tbelongtoher第四十四页，共64页。二、通过所举事例(shìlì)解题IntheUnitedStates,theso-called“digitaldivide”seemstobedisappearing.Inearly2000,apollfound,that,wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumbersweregrowingrapidly.Hispanichouseholdscontinuedtolagbehind,buttheirrateofcomputerownershipwasexpandingaswell.第四十五页，共64页。“Digitaldivide”inthe4thparagraphrefersto___.thegapintermsofcomputerownershipthetendencyofcomputerownershipthedividinglinebasedondigitstheethnicdistinctionamongAmericanhouseholds第四十六页，共64页。“Digitaldivide”inthe4thparagraphrefersto___.thegapintermsofcomputerownershipthetendencyofcomputerownershipthedividinglinebasedondigitstheethnicdistinctionamongAmericanhouseholds第四十七页，共64页。三、利用对比(duìbǐ)关系来解题…fourcategories:patronymic,occupational,descriptiveandlocal….EvensuchanameasSimpsonmaybelongtothislastgroup,andnottothefirst,hadthefamilyoncehaditshomeintheancientvillageofthatname.Otherwise,Simpsonmeans“thesonofSimon”’asmightbeexpected.“Patronymic”inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“formedfrom____”.thenameofone’sfatherthefamilyoccupationone’sfamilyhomeone’sfamilyhistory第四十八页，共64页。三、利用对比关系(guānxì)来解题…fourcategories:patronymic,occupational,descriptiveandlocal….EvensuchanameasSimpsonmaybelongtothislastgroup,andnottothefirst,hadthefamilyoncehaditshomeintheancientvillageofthatname.Otherwise,Simpsonmeans“thesonofSimon”’asmightbeexpected.“Patronymic”inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“formedfrom____”.thenameofone’sfatherthefamilyoccupationone’sfamilyhomeone’sfamilyhistory第四十九页，共64页。四、代词(dàicí)向前看

Butitisn’tthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweenskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis.Inschoolsthroughouttheworldgirlstendtobebetterthanboysat“languagesubjects”andboysbetteratmathsandphysics.Ifthesedifferencescorrespondwiththedifferencesinthehemispherictrunkline.第五十页，共64页。“Thesedifferences”inparagraph5refertothosein_____.skillsofmenandwomenschoolsubjectsthebrainstructureofmenandwomenactivitiescarriedoutbythebrain第五十一页，共64页。“Thesedifferences”inparagraph5refertothosein_____.skillsofmenandwomenschoolsubjectsthebrainstructureofmenandwomenactivitiescarriedoutbythebrain第五十二页，共64页。五、借助词根、词缀(cízhuì)来解题Socrates’methodofteachingwastoaskquestionsand,bypretendingnottoknowtheanswers,topresshisstudentsintothinkingforthemselves.HisteachinghadunsurpassedinfluenceonallthegreatGreekandRomanschoolsofphilosophy.Theword“unsurpassed”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto___.untoldB.unequaledC.unnoticedD.unexpected第五十三页，共64页。五、借助词根、词缀(cízhuì)来解题Socrates’methodofteachingwastoaskquestionsand,bypretendingnottoknowtheanswers,topresshisstudentsintothinkingforthemselves.HisteachinghadunsurpassedinfluenceonallthegreatGreekandRomanschoolsofphilosophy.Theword“unsurpassed”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto___.untoldB.unequaled

C.unnoticedD.unexpected第五十四页，共64页。观点(guāndiǎn)态度题一、根据体裁(tǐcái)来判断议论文：文章中心句说明文：作者态度(tàidu)往往采取中立描述性文章：观点往往不直接提出，而作者常带有某种倾向性第五十五页，共64页。二、留意(liúyì)文中褒义词positive,supporting,praising,optimistic,admiring,interesting,humorous,enthusiastic,pleasant,poli