定语从句简单版讲解学习课件

定语从句Attributiveclause定语从句Attributiveclause

定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以介词短语、分词为例）例：Thegirlbehindthetree

isKate.

Themanrunningontheplayground

wasadoctor.

在英语中，在复合句中修饰名词或代词的用作定语的句子叫定语从句。例：Thegirlwhoisbehindthetree

isKate.

Themanwhowasrunningontheplayground

wasadoctor.1.定语从句的概念定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、2.定语从句的构成要素①先行词（被定语从句修饰的名词或代词）②引导词：关系代词或关系副词注意:从句与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系eg:Thisisthefactorywhereheworks.2.定语从句的构成要素①先行词（被定语从句修饰的名词或代词）3.引导词——关系词的分类关系代/副词指代意思成分who人此人主语/宾语whom人此人宾语whose人/物此人/物的定语that人/物此人/物主语/宾语/表语which事/物此物主语/宾语/表语when时间(物)在此时状语where地点(物)在此地状语why原因(物)因为此状语3.引导词——关系词的分类关系代/副词指代意思成分who人此1.Themanisafarmer.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwho

isspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.1.Themanisafarmer.2.ThemaMaryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.Maryisagirl.Maryhaslongh先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwho

haslonghair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhoh

定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时,用which或that引导.Thesearethetrees

which

wereplantedlastyear.当先行词是人时,用who,

whom,

whose,

that引导.定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时,用which或thatwho,whom,whose,that用法区别.who

作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwho

isspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语who,whom,whose,that用法区别.whoWhom

作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhom

theywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语Whom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomwhose

作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语whose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegthat

可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意:

关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.Thewoman(whom/that)

theywantedtovisitisateacher.that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意:关系代词作动词4.定语从句的考查方向:引导词的考查理解掌握几个区分:①区分that和which②区分as和which③区分定语从句和状语从句④区分定语从句和名词性从句⑤区分定语从句和强调句型4.定语从句的考查方向:引导词的考查理解掌握几个区分:③先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等词修饰。1.下面情况只用that不用which和whom:Iwatchedalltheglasses

wereonthetablefalloffthetable.Theparksaretheclearestparks

youcanimagine．

Cornwasnottheonlyfood

wastakentoEurope．

Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersons

theyremembered.

Whoistheperson

youjusttalkedwith?Thevillageisnolongertheone

itwas5yearsago.

Therearemanyapples

areverydelicious.

that

that①先行词为much,little,none,someone,something等不定代词。②先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰。thatthat④先行词既有人也有物。that⑤以who/which开头的疑问句。that⑥先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。that⑦在therebe句型中，指物只用that。that和which的区别1③先行词被theonly,thevery,thes2.下面情况不用that:Thisisthebookabout

wearetalkingnow．

Tomstudieshardandisreadytohelpothers,

hisparentsexpect.What’sthat

isflyinginthesky?

which①介词后面：which②非限性定语从句中：③当先行词本身是that时：whichthat和which的区别22.下面情况不用that:which①介词后面：which②which和as的区别1.Tomhasmademuchprogress,______makesmeveryhappy.3.________isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.4._________Iexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.5.HemarriedMary,

weexpected.6.HemarriedMary,

wedidn’texpected.7.Let’sreadsuchbooks

willmakethembetter.8.Hewillgiveyousuchinformation

willhelpyou.

AsAsasasaswhichwhichwhich和as的区别1.Tomhasmademuch

as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：①as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。②as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，常可翻译为“正如，正像”；而which常译为“这一点，这件事”③

在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词被as,so,thesame,such修饰时，关系代词常用as总结：which和as的区别总结：which和as的区别介词＋关系代词which/whomHebuiltatelescope

hecould

studytheskies.Theglasses,

I’llbeblind,islost.I’llneverforgettheday

Ijoinedthearmy.Doyouknowtheman

youjustshookhands?5.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_________shecouldturnforhelp.6.Hewashedtenwindows,______________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.throughwhichwithoutwhichonwhichwithwhomtowhommostofwhich介词＋关系代词which/whomHebuiltate1.Hewaslateagain,_______casehewasblamed.2.HestayedinLondonfortenyears,__________timehepickedupsomeFrench.比较：1.Hewaslateagain,andinthatcasehe…2.HestayedinLondonfortenyears,andduringthattimehe…inwhich

duringwhichinwhichduringwhich1.Doyoustillrememberthedays__________wespentinQingdao?2.Doyoustillrememberthedays________wespentthesummerholidaysinQingdao?用that,when,why,where,which填空1.Iwanttoknowthedate,_______youwereborn.2.Ihaveforgottenthedate__________youtoldme.3.Doyouknowthereason________heisabsenttoday?4.Thatisthereason____________Iwanttoknow.5.Thisisthefactory________hisfatherworks.6.Thisisthefactory___________hisfatherbuilt.that/whichwhenwhenthat/whichwhywhich/thatwherethat/which1.Doyoustillremembertheda1.Wehavefoundaway________isuseful.2.Theway____________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.3.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencestouswasnotdifficult.4.Itisajob______youcanfindsomethinginterestingandsignificant.5.Sheoftenhasnosuchoccasion____shecansparesometimeforhischildren.6.Wehavereachedapoint_____weshouldmakeanimmediatedecisionforit.7.Peopleoftenmeetsuchcases_____theyhavenoideawhattodo.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填that/whichwherewhenwherewhere1.Wehavefoundaway________1.(2008,山东)Occasionsarequiterare____Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.whoB.whichC.whyD.when2.(2007,陕西)Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcases______beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.whichB.asC.whyD.where3.(2009,浙江)Ihavereachedapointinmylife____Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A.whichB.whereC.howD.why4.(2009,福建)It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation______theycanseethemselvesdifferently.A.ThatB.whenC.whichD.whereDDBD1.(2008,山东)Occasionsarequit温馨提示：定语从句中通常爱出现的及物和不及物动词有：vt:give;visit;spend;explain;tell;take;buy;use;make;build;have;get;devote;enjoy…vi:work;live;stay;study;remain;sit;lie;stand;exist;go;come…定语从句做题三大步骤：1.分析句子结构，找出主句和从句；2.找出先行词（即被修饰的词）；3.分析从句，缺什么就补什么。温馨提示：定语从句Attributiveclause定语从句Attributiveclause

定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以介词短语、分词为例）例：Thegirlbehindthetree

isKate.

Themanrunningontheplayground

wasadoctor.

在英语中，在复合句中修饰名词或代词的用作定语的句子叫定语从句。例：Thegirlwhoisbehindthetree

isKate.

Themanwhowasrunningontheplayground

wasadoctor.1.定语从句的概念定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、2.定语从句的构成要素①先行词（被定语从句修饰的名词或代词）②引导词：关系代词或关系副词注意:从句与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系eg:Thisisthefactorywhereheworks.2.定语从句的构成要素①先行词（被定语从句修饰的名词或代词）3.引导词——关系词的分类关系代/副词指代意思成分who人此人主语/宾语whom人此人宾语whose人/物此人/物的定语that人/物此人/物主语/宾语/表语which事/物此物主语/宾语/表语when时间(物)在此时状语where地点(物)在此地状语why原因(物)因为此状语3.引导词——关系词的分类关系代/副词指代意思成分who人此1.Themanisafarmer.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwho

isspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.1.Themanisafarmer.2.ThemaMaryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.Maryisagirl.Maryhaslongh先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwho

haslonghair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhoh

定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时,用which或that引导.Thesearethetrees

which

wereplantedlastyear.当先行词是人时,用who,

whom,

whose,

that引导.定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时,用which或thatwho,whom,whose,that用法区别.who

作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwho

isspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语who,whom,whose,that用法区别.whoWhom

作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhom

theywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语Whom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomwhose

作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语whose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegthat

可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意:

关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.Thewoman(whom/that)

theywantedtovisitisateacher.that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意:关系代词作动词4.定语从句的考查方向:引导词的考查理解掌握几个区分:①区分that和which②区分as和which③区分定语从句和状语从句④区分定语从句和名词性从句⑤区分定语从句和强调句型4.定语从句的考查方向:引导词的考查理解掌握几个区分:③先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等词修饰。1.下面情况只用that不用which和whom:Iwatchedalltheglasses

wereonthetablefalloffthetable.Theparksaretheclearestparks

youcanimagine．

Cornwasnottheonlyfood

wastakentoEurope．

Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersons

theyremembered.

Whoistheperson

youjusttalkedwith?Thevillageisnolongertheone

itwas5yearsago.

Therearemanyapples

areverydelicious.

that

that①先行词为much,little,none,someone,something等不定代词。②先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰。thatthat④先行词既有人也有物。that⑤以who/which开头的疑问句。that⑥先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。that⑦在therebe句型中，指物只用that。that和which的区别1③先行词被theonly,thevery,thes2.下面情况不用that:Thisisthebookabout

wearetalkingnow．

Tomstudieshardandisreadytohelpothers,

hisparentsexpect.What’sthat

isflyinginthesky?

which①介词后面：which②非限性定语从句中：③当先行词本身是that时：whichthat和which的区别22.下面情况不用that:which①介词后面：which②which和as的区别1.Tomhasmademuchprogress,______makesmeveryhappy.3.________isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.4._________Iexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.5.HemarriedMary,

weexpected.6.HemarriedMary,

wedidn’texpected.7.Let’sreadsuchbooks

willmakethembetter.8.Hewillgiveyousuchinformation

willhelpyou.

AsAsasasaswhichwhichwhich和as的区别1.Tomhasmademuch

as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：①as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。②as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，常可翻译为“正如，正像”；而which常译为“这一点，这件事”③

在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词被as,so,thesame,such修饰时，关系代词常用as总结：which和as的区别总结：which和as的区别介词＋关系代词which/whomHebuiltatelescope

hecould

studytheskies.Theglasses,

I’llbeblind,islost.I’llneverforgettheday

Ijoinedthearmy.Doyouknowtheman

youjustshookhands?5.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_________shecouldturnforhelp.6.Hewashedtenwindows,______________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.throughwhichwithoutwhichonwhichwithwhomtowhommostofwhich介词＋关系代词which/whomHebuiltate1.Hewaslateagain,_______casehewasblamed.2.HestayedinLondonfortenyears,__________timehepickedupsomeFrench.比较：1.Hewaslateagain,andinthatcasehe…2.HestayedinLondonfortenyears,andduringthattimehe…inwhich

duringwhichinwhichduringwhich1.Doyoustillrememberthedays__________wespentinQingdao?2.Doyoustillrememberthedays________wespentthesummerholidaysinQingdao?用that,when,why,where,which填空1.Iwanttoknowthedate,_______youwereborn.2.Ihaveforgottenthedate__________youtoldme.3.Doyouknowthereason________heisabsenttoday?4.Thatisthereason____________Iwanttoknow.5.Thisisthefactory________hisfatherworks.6.Thisisthefactory___________hisfatherbuilt.that/whichwhenwhenthat/whichwhywhich/thatwherethat/which1.Doyoustillremembertheda1.Wehavefoundaway________isuseful.2.The