2014新人教版八年级英语下册unit1知识点

Unit1What'sthematter?知识点总结一、基本知识点What'sthematter(withyou)?怎么了？出什么事了？What'sthetrouble/theproblem/wrongwithsb./sth.?Ihadacold.我感冒了。haveacold=catchacold=havethefluhaveafeverhaveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛muchtoo+，意为，toomuch+，意为。enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。goodenough足够好，enoughmoney=moneymoneyliedown躺下，lie躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式liedmaybe“或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybeyouareright.maybe，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能,也许"，后加名词、代词或形容词。Hemaybeangry.soundlike+名词代词和从句：Itsoundslikeyoudon'tknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像"，Themusicsoundsnice.need需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；needtodosth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：Youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.needdoingsth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Yourdirtyclothesneedwashing.getoff(thebus)下(公交车)geton上车agree同意，赞同；同意做某事，同意某人的看法、TOC\o"1-5"\h\z观点。trouble问题，麻烦；beintrouble，maketrouble，havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth。rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意为。【复习】advice［不可数名词］劝告，建议，向…征求意见，givesb.adviceonsth.就某事给某人建议；advise［动词］advisesb.todosth.advisesb.doingsth.［复习】exercise动词意为，可数时意为，不可数时意为。hurt及物动词，使疼痛，受伤，Hehurthislegwhileexercising.不及物动词，(部位)疼。Hisleghurtbadly.clean［动词】，cleantheclassroom，［形容词】，cleaner意为。18.hit(用手或器具)打；击打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；heface/eye/stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。beusedtosth./doingsth.习惯于、适应了、做某事，强调状态；Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.Maryisnotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.get/becomeusedtosth./doingsth.“变得习惯，逐渐适应”强调过程、动作:It'sdifficultforonetogetusedtoanothercountry'shabit.【复习】free［形容词］空闲的freetime；免费的thedrinkisforfree；自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【动词】使解脱，得到自由Hecouldnotfreehisarm.runout用完，用尽Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.tunout.某物用尽了。人sb.runoutof物sth..人用尽了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.risk(sb.)todosth.冒险去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒险theimportanceof(doing)sth.(做)某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.importancen.重要(性)，importantadj.重要的，unimportantadj.decision【名词】决定；抉择；makeadecisionmakeadecisiontodosth.=。beinthecontrolof...掌管，管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol无法控制，无法管理beundercontrol被控制住，在控制之中【复习】mind意为，minddoingsth.,Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?giveup(doing)sth.放弃(做)某事，giveup(playing)computergames；giveup后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如Nevergiveupeasily.二、重要短语haveacoldhaveastomachacheseesb.dosth.shoutforhelpexpect(sb.)todosth.toone'ssurprisethanksto.thinkabout.beinterestedinsth.loseone'slifesaveone'slifetakearisk=takeriskscutoffkeepondoingsth.三、重点语法【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【用法】可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。女口：Mariaboughtherselfascarf.Wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如：Sheisn'tquiteherselftoday.可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。女口：SheherselfwillflytoLondontomorrow.Imetthewriterhimselflastweek.用在某些固定短语当中。如：lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顾自己teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自学enjoyoneself玩得高兴，过得愉快helponeselftosth请自用（随便吃/喝些）.hurtoneself摔伤自己saytooneself自言自语leavesb.byoneself把某人单独留下buyoneselfsth.给自己买东西introduceoneself介绍……自己【提醒】反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。（误）Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.（正）Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one'sown.女口：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）I'mdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.（正）I'mdrawingwithmyowncrayons.【练习】Myclassmate,LiMing,madeacardforjustnow.Badluck!Icutwithaknifeyesterday.Theytellustheycanlookafterverywell.Mycatcanfind