软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件

1.Cartilage:

organ=Cartilagetissue+perichondrium1.Cartilage:11)

structureofcartilagetissue---cell:chondrocyte---cartilagematrix1)

structureofcartilage2①

chondrocyte:---Structure:LMembeddedincartilagelacunaperipheralcells:--smallandimmature--singleandflattenedcentralcell:--largeandmature,--roundandingroupof2-8cells--smallandroundnucleus--basophiliccytoplasm--EM:richinRERandGolgicomplex

①

chondrocyte:3*isogenousgroup:severalcellslocatesinonelacuna,whicharederivedfromasingle(same)parentcell*isogenousgroup:severalcell4

②

Cartilagematrix---groundsubstance:proteoglycan:--sametolooseCT--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)water---fiber:typeandnumberoffiberdependsonthetypeofcartilage

52)Classification:accordingtothefiberHyalinecartilage:lesscollagenousfibrilarticularsurface,ribcartilage,tracheaandbronchi2)Classification:accordingt6Fibrouscartilage:largeamountofcollagenousfiberbundlescellsaresmallandlessintervertebraldisc,symphysispubisFibrouscartilage:7---function:providenutritionandosteoblastforbonegrowthandrepairingcircumferentiallamella:--smallandimmatureHydroxyapatitecrystal:Cartilage:---structure:--smallandimmature*bonelamella:bonematrixarrangedinlayersatdifferentdirectionRER,mito.---organicmatter:--singleandflattenedRER,mito.--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)primarylysosome,pinosomeandsecondarylysosomegroundsubstance:cuboidalorlowcolumnarcelllightzone:--undertheruffledborder--roundandingroupof2-8cellsSelfstudy!---inorganicmatter:bonesaltsElasticcartilage:largeamountofelasticfiberexternalear,epiglottis---function:providenutrition83)perichondriumtwolayers:---outlayer:containmorefiber-protection---innerlayer:morecells-osteoprogenitorcell(fusiforminshape)软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件94)growthofcartilage---interstitialgrowth:innerchondrocyteproliferation→producefiberandmatrix.immaturecartilage---appositionalgrowth:osteoprogenitorcell→chondroblast→chondrocyte→producefiberandmatrix.growingandmaturecartilage4)growthofcartilage102.Bone---consistsofbonetissue,periosteumandendosteum,bonemarrow2.Bone11releasematrixvesicle:existinperiosteumandendosteumformaspongy-likednetwork---appositionalgrowth:---structure:--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)lightzone:--undertheruffledborderlongitudinalarranged/irregularlamellalesscollagenousfibril/irregularlamellalongitudinalarranged--basophiliccytoplasmCartilage:primarylysosome,pinosomeandsecondarylysosomeorgan=Cartilagetissue+perichondrium1)

Bonetissue②Bonematrix/centralcanal:N,BV,CTSelfstudy!1)

Bonetissue①Cells:releasematrixvesicle:1)

12a.osteoprogenitorcell:stemcell---structure:fusiform,smallovoidnucleusslightbasophiliccytoplasmexistinperiosteumandendosteum---function:differentiatedintoosteoblastandchondrocytea.osteoprogenitorcell:stem13b.osteoblast:---structure:LM:singlelayerofcuboidalorlowcolumnarcellroundnucleusbasophiliccytoplasmlocatedonthesurfaceofbonetissue软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件14EM:fineprocessesrichinRER,GolgicomplexEM:15---function:ⅰ.synthesizebonecollagenfiberandgroundsubstance-osteoidⅱ.releasematrixvesicle:0.1umindiametermembrane-coatedfunction:promotecalcification---function:16c.osteocyte---structure:flattenedcellwithmultiplelongthinprocesseslocatedinbonelacunaandbonecanaliculusbasophiliccytoplasmadjacentcellsconnectinbonecanaliculusbygapjunctions---function:Maintainbonematrixc.osteocyte17软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件18d.osteoclast---structure:LM:multinuclearlargecell,30-100um6-50nucleiacidophiliccytoplasmlocatedatperipheralpartofboned.osteoclast19EM:ruffledborder-processeslightzone:--undertheruffledborder--microfilamentprimarylysosome,pinosomeandsecondarylysosomeRER,mito.andGolgi---function:dissolveandabsorbbonematrix软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件20②Bonematrix---organicmatter:bonecollagenfiber-collagenousfiber(typeIcollagen)groundsubstance:glycosaminoglycan②Bonematrix21---inorganicmatter:bonesaltsHydroxyapatitecrystal:Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2

pin-shapedlongitudinalarranged*bonelamella:bonematrixarrangedinlayersatdifferentdirection---inorganicmatter:bonesalt22---innerlayer:morecells-osteoprogenitorcell(fusiforminshape)--smallandroundnucleusprimarylysosome,pinosomeandsecondarylysosomeexistinperiosteumandendosteum1umindiameter②

Cartilagematrixinnerlayer:articularsurface,ribcartilage,tracheaandbronchiorgan=Cartilagetissue+perichondrium--largeandmature,formaspongy-likednetwork②Bonematrix--smallandimmatureconsistsofcompactbone---Structure:LM4)growthofcartilage--smallandimmature/remnantofHaversian/centralcanal:N,BV,CTembeddedincartilage2)ArchitactureoflongboneLongboneisanorgan,madeupofbonetissue(shaftandepiphyses),periosteumandendosteum,bonemarrow---innerlayer:morecells-ost23①shaft:consistsofcompactbone

a.

circumferentiallamella:/outerconcentrically-arranged/inneraroundinnersurfaceofbone

①shaft:24b.

Haversiansystem(osteon):/cylindricstructure,3-5mm/centralcanal:N,BV,CT/Haversianlamella:4-20layers软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件25c.

interstitiallamella:/irregularlamella/remnantofHaversianorcircumferentiallamella*perforatingcanal:/transversecanal/connectwithHaversiancanal软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件26②epiphyses:composedofspongybone---trabeculae:formedbyparallelly-arrangedlamellaformaspongy-likednetwork---Bonemarrow:hemopoietictissue②epiphyses:composedofspong27③periosteumandendosteum:CTmembrane---periosteum:DCTouterlayer:morefiberbundlesformperforatingfiberinnerlayer:richinBV,Nandosteoprogenitorcells---endosteum:thin,alayerofosteoprogenitorcellandCT---function:providenutritionandosteoblastforbonegrowthandrepairing③periosteumandendosteum:CT283)

osteogenesis

Selfstudy!3)

osteogenesis291.Cartilage:

organ=Cartilagetissue+perichondrium1.Cartilage:303)perichondriumtwolayers:---outlayer:containmorefiber-protection---innerlayer:morecells-osteoprogenitorcell(fusiforminshape)软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件314)growthofcartilage---interstitialgrowth:innerchondrocyteproliferation→producefiberandmatrix.immaturecartilage---appositionalgrowth:osteoprogenitorcell→chondroblast→chondrocyte→producefiberandmatrix.growingandmaturecartilage4)growthofcartilage321)

Bonetissue①Cells:1)

Bonetissue33软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件34formedbyparallelly-arrangedlamellacircumferentiallamella:innerlayer:Hydroxyapatitecrystal:acidophiliccytoplasm---function:---appositionalgrowth:/centralcanal:N,BV,CT--smallandimmature---outlayer:containmorefiber-protectionlightzone:--undertheruffledbordercircumferentiallamella:interstitiallamella:1)

Bonetissue--smallandimmature/Haversianlamella:4-20layersRER,mito.--smallandroundnucleuslesscollagenousfibrillightzone:--undertheruffledborder--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)/irregularlamella/irregularlamella---function:dissolveandabsorbbonematrix--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)existinperiosteumandendosteum/cylindricstructure,3-5mm---function:differentiatedintoosteoblastandchondrocyteembeddedincartilageconsistsofcompactboneCa10(PO4)6(OH)2Selfstudy!multinuclearlargecell,30-100umtwolayers:---function:formaspongy-likednetwork--smallandroundnucleusbasophiliccytoplasmHydroxyapatitecrystal:--smallandroundnucleusSelfstudy!basophiliccytoplasm②epiphyses:composedofspongybone1umindiameteracidophiliccytoplasm2)Architactureoflongbone---innerlayer:morecells-osteoprogenitorcell(fusiforminshape)osteoprogenitorcell→chondroblast→chondrocyte→producefiberandmatrix.osteoprogenitorcell:stemcell---outlayer:containmorefiber-protection*bonelamella:bonematrixarrangedinlayersatdifferentdirection---cell:chondrocyte---function:providenutritionandosteoblastforbonegrowthandrepairinglesscollagenousfibrillightzone:--undertheruffledborderSelfstudy!osteoprogenitorcell:stemcellbasophiliccytoplasm---appositionalgrowth:--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)--smallandimmature/remnantofHaversian4)growthofcartilage/irregularlamellalocatedatperipheralpartofbonelocatedinbonelacunabasophiliccytoplasm---structure:---structure:*isogenousgroup:severalcellslocatesinonelacuna,whicharederivedfromasingle(same)parentcelllesscollagenousfibrilSelfstudy!--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)lesscollagenousfibril--EM:richinRERandGolgicomplexSelfstudy!basophiliccytoplasmLongboneisanorgan,madeupofbonetissue(shaftandepiphyses),periosteumandendosteum,bonemarrow--basophiliccytoplasm--sametolooseCT1umindiameterformaspongy-likednetworkacidophiliccytoplasm/centralcanal:N,BV,CT---function:lesscollagenousfibrilbasophiliccytoplasm6-50nuclei/irregularlamella---fiber:typeandnumberoffiberdependsonthetypeofcartilage--basophiliccytoplasm②Bonematrix4)growthofcartilageinnerchondrocyteproliferation→producefiberandmatrix.pin-shapedcuboidalorlowcolumnarcell--smallandimmature---organicmatter:lightzone:--undertheruffledborderarticularsurface,ribcartilage,tracheaandbronchimultinuclearlargecell,30-100um/connectwithHaversiancanal2)Architactureoflongbonegrowingandmaturecartilage---structure:---structure:formedbyparallelly-arrangedlamella/irregularlamella---organicmatter:②

Cartilagematrixbasophiliccytoplasmembeddedincartilage---cartilagematrix/cylindricstructure,3-5mm①Cells:formperforatingfibergrowingandmaturecartilage---Structure:LM--singleandflattenedSelfstudy!organ=Cartilagetissue+perichondrium②epiphyses:composedofspongybonelesscollagenousfibril①shaft:consistsofcompactbone

a.

circumferentiallamella:/outerconcentrically-arranged/inneraroundinnersurfaceofbone

formedbyparallelly-arranged351.Cartilage:

organ=Cartilagetissue+perichondrium1.Cartilage:361)

structureofcartilagetissue---cell:chondrocyte---cartilagematrix1)

structureofcartilage37①

chondrocyte:---Structure:LMembeddedincartilagelacunaperipheralcells:--smallandimmature--singleandflattenedcentralcell:--largeandmature,--roundandingroupof2-8cells--smallandroundnucleus--basophiliccytoplasm--EM:richinRERandGolgicomplex

①

chondrocyte:38*isogenousgroup:severalcellslocatesinonelacuna,whicharederivedfromasingle(same)parentcell*isogenousgroup:severalcell39

②

Cartilagematrix---groundsubstance:proteoglycan:--sametolooseCT--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)water---fiber:typeandnumberoffiberdependsonthetypeofcartilage

402)Classification:accordingtothefiberHyalinecartilage:lesscollagenousfibrilarticularsurface,ribcartilage,tracheaandbronchi2)Classification:accordingt41Fibrouscartilage:largeamountofcollagenousfiberbundlescellsaresmallandlessintervertebraldisc,symphysispubisFibrouscartilage:42---function:providenutritionandosteoblastforbonegrowthandrepairingcircumferentiallamella:--smallandimmatureHydroxyapatitecrystal:Cartilage:---structure:--smallandimmature*bonelamella:bonematrixarrangedinlayersatdifferentdirectionRER,mito.---organicmatter:--singleandflattenedRER,mito.--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)primarylysosome,pinosomeandsecondarylysosomegroundsubstance:cuboidalorlowcolumnarcelllightzone:--undertheruffledborder--roundandingroupof2-8cellsSelfstudy!---inorganicmatter:bonesaltsElasticcartilage:largeamountofelasticfiberexternalear,epiglottis---function:providenutrition433)perichondriumtwolayers:---outlayer:containmorefiber-protection---innerlayer:morecells-osteoprogenitorcell(fusiforminshape)软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件444)growthofcartilage---interstitialgrowth:innerchondrocyteproliferation→producefiberandmatrix.immaturecartilage---appositionalgrowth:osteoprogenitorcell→chondroblast→chondrocyte→producefiberandmatrix.growingandmaturecartilage4)growthofcartilage452.Bone---consistsofbonetissue,periosteumandendosteum,bonemarrow2.Bone46releasematrixvesicle:existinperiosteumandendosteumformaspongy-likednetwork---appositionalgrowth:---structure:--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)lightzone:--undertheruffledborderlongitudinalarranged/irregularlamellalesscollagenousfibril/irregularlamellalongitudinalarranged--basophiliccytoplasmCartilage:primarylysosome,pinosomeandsecondarylysosomeorgan=Cartilagetissue+perichondrium1)

Bonetissue②Bonematrix/centralcanal:N,BV,CTSelfstudy!1)

Bonetissue①Cells:releasematrixvesicle:1)

47a.osteoprogenitorcell:stemcell---structure:fusiform,smallovoidnucleusslightbasophiliccytoplasmexistinperiosteumandendosteum---function:differentiatedintoosteoblastandchondrocytea.osteoprogenitorcell:stem48b.osteoblast:---structure:LM:singlelayerofcuboidalorlowcolumnarcellroundnucleusbasophiliccytoplasmlocatedonthesurfaceofbonetissue软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件49EM:fineprocessesrichinRER,GolgicomplexEM:50---function:ⅰ.synthesizebonecollagenfiberandgroundsubstance-osteoidⅱ.releasematrixvesicle:0.1umindiametermembrane-coatedfunction:promotecalcification---function:51c.osteocyte---structure:flattenedcellwithmultiplelongthinprocesseslocatedinbonelacunaandbonecanaliculusbasophiliccytoplasmadjacentcellsconnectinbonecanaliculusbygapjunctions---function:Maintainbonematrixc.osteocyte52软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件53d.osteoclast---structure:LM:multinuclearlargecell,30-100um6-50nucleiacidophiliccytoplasmlocatedatperipheralpartofboned.osteoclast54EM:ruffledborder-processeslightzone:--undertheruffledborder--microfilamentprimarylysosome,pinosomeandsecondarylysosomeRER,mito.andGolgi---function:dissolveandabsorbbonematrix软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件55②Bonematrix---organicmatter:bonecollagenfiber-collagenousfiber(typeIcollagen)groundsubstance:glycosaminoglycan②Bonematrix56---inorganicmatter:bonesaltsHydroxyapatitecrystal:Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2

pin-shapedlongitudinalarranged*bonelamella:bonematrixarrangedinlayersatdifferentdirection---inorganicmatter:bonesalt57---innerlayer:morecells-osteoprogenitorcell(fusiforminshape)--smallandroundnucleusprimarylysosome,pinosomeandsecondarylysosomeexistinperiosteumandendosteum1umindiameter②

Cartilagematrixinnerlayer:articularsurface,ribcartilage,tracheaandbronchiorgan=Cartilagetissue+perichondrium--largeandmature,formaspongy-likednetwork②Bonematrix--smallandimmatureconsistsofcompactbone---Structure:LM4)growthofcartilage--smallandimmature/remnantofHaversian/centralcanal:N,BV,CTembeddedincartilage2)ArchitactureoflongboneLongboneisanorgan,madeupofbonetissue(shaftandepiphyses),periosteumandendosteum,bonemarrow---innerlayer:morecells-ost58①shaft:consistsofcompactbone

a.

circumferentiallamella:/outerconcentrically-arranged/inneraroundinnersurfaceofbone

①shaft:59b.

Haversiansystem(osteon):/cylindricstructure,3-5mm/centralcanal:N,BV,CT/Haversianlamella:4-20layers软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件60c.

interstitiallamella:/irregularlamella/remnantofHaversianorcircumferentiallamella*perforatingcanal:/transversecanal/connectwithHaversiancanal软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件61②epiphyses:composedofspongybone---trabeculae:formedbyparallelly-arrangedlamellaformaspongy-likednetwork---Bonemarrow:hemopoietictissue②epiphyses:composedofspong62③periosteumandendosteum:CTmembrane---periosteum:DCTouterlayer:morefiberbundlesformperforatingfiberinnerlayer:richinBV,Nandosteoprogenitorcells---endosteum:thin,alayerofosteoprogenitorcellandCT---function:providenutritionandosteoblastforbonegrowthandrepairing③periosteumandendosteum:CT633)

osteogenesis

Selfstudy!3)

osteogenesis641.Cartilage:

organ=Cartilagetissue+perichondrium1.Cartilage:653)perichondriumtwolayers:---outlayer:containmorefiber-protection---innerlayer:morecells-osteoprogenitorcell(fusiforminshape)软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件664)growthofcartilage---interstitialgrowth:innerchondrocyteproliferation→producefiberandmatrix.immaturecartilage---appositionalgrowth:osteoprogenitorcell→chondroblast→chondrocyte→producefiberandmatrix.growingandmaturecartilage4)growthofcartilage671)

Bonetissue①Cells:1)

Bonetissue68软骨和骨组织学和胚胎学课件69formedbyparallelly-arrangedlamellacircumferentiallamella:innerlayer:Hydroxyapatitecrystal:acidophiliccytoplasm---function:---appositionalgrowth:/centralcanal:N,BV,CT--smallandimmature---outlayer:containmorefiber-protectionlightzone:--undertheruffledbordercircumferentiallamella:interstitiallamella:1)

Bonetissue--smallandimmature/Haversianlamella:4-20layersRER,mito.--smallandroundnucleuslesscollagenousfibrillightzone:--undertheruffledborder--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)/irregularlamella/irregularlamella---function:dissolveandabsorbbonematrix--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)existinperiosteumandendosteum/cylindricstructure,3-5mm---function:differentiatedintoosteoblastandchondrocyteembeddedincartilageconsistsofcompactboneCa10(PO4)6(OH)2Selfstudy!multinuclearlargecell,30-100umtwolayers:---function:formaspongy-likednetwork--smallandroundnucleusbasophiliccytoplasmHydroxyapatitecrystal:--smallandroundnucleusSelfstudy!basophiliccytoplasm②epiphyses:composedofspongybone1umindiameteracidophiliccytoplasm2)Architactureoflongbone---innerlayer:morecells-osteoprogenitorcell(fusiforminshape)osteoprogenitorcell→chondroblast→chondrocyte→producefiberandmatrix.osteoprogenitorcell:stemcell---outlayer:containmorefiber-protection*bonelamella:bonematrixarrangedinlayersatdifferentdirection---cell:chondrocyte---function:providenutritionand