2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题精解(第一套)

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年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第一套）音频Writing(30minutes)(25minutes)Directions:Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestowriteanewsreporttoyourcampusnewspaperonavolunteeractivityorganizedbyyourStudentUniontoassistelderlypeopleintheneighborhood.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180(25minutes)ListeningComprehensionSectionAendofeachnewsreportDirections:Inthissection，youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreportyouwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Hesetarecordbyswimmingtoandfromanisland.Hecelebratedtheninthbirthdayonasmallisland.Hevisitedaprisonlocatedonafarawayisland.HeswamaroundanislandnearSanFrancisco.A)Hedoubledthereward.Hecheeredhimonalltheway.Hesethimanexample.HehadtheeventcoveredonTV.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Toendtheone-childpolicy.Toencouragelatemarriage.Toincreaseworkingefficiency.Togivepeoplemoretimetotravel.A)Theywillnotbewelcomedbyyoungpeople.Theywillhelptopopularizeearlymarriage.TheywillboostChinaseconomicgrowth.Theywillnotcomeintoimmediateeffect.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Cleaningserviceingreatdemandallovertheworld.Twoladiesgivingupwell-paidjobstodocleaning.Anewcompanytocleanupthemessafterparties.Cleanersgainfullyemployedatnightsandweekends.A)Ittakesalotoftimetoprepare.Itleavesthehouseinamess.Itmakespartygoersexhausted.Itcreatesnoiseandmisconduct.A)HireanAustralianlawyer.VisittheUSandCanada.Settlealegaldispute.Expandtheirbusiness.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Hehadadrivinglesson.Hegothisdriver'slicense.Hetookthedriver'stheoryexam.Hepassedthedriver'sroadtest.A)Hewasnotwellprepared.Hedidnotgettotheexamintime.Hewasnotusedtothetestformat.Hedidnotfollowthetestprocedure.A)Theyaretough.Theyarecostly.Theyarehelpful.Theyaretooshort.A)Passhisroadtestthefirsttime.Test-driveafewtimesonhighways.Findanexperienceddrivinginstructor.Earnenoughmoneyfordrivinglessons.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Wherethewomanstudies.TheacceptancerateatLeeds.Leedstuitionforinternationalstudents.Howtoapplyforstudiesatauniversity.A)ApplytoanAmericanuniversity.Doresearchonhighereducation.Performinafamousmusical.Pursuepostgraduatestudies.A)Hisfavorablerecommendations.Hisoutstandingmusicaltalent.Hisacademicexcellence.Hisuniqueexperience.A)Doamastersdegree.SettledowninEngland.Travelwidely.Teachoverseas.SectionCDirections:Inthissectionyouwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.AfteryouhearaquestionyoumustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Theyhelpfarmerskeepdiseasesincheck.B)Manyspeciesremainunknowntoscientists.C)Onlyafewspeciescausetroubletohumans.D)Theyliveinincrediblywell-organizedcolonies.17.A)Theyarelargerthanmanyotherspecies.B)Theycancausedamagetopeopleshomes.C)Theycansurvivealongtimewithoutwater.D)Theyliketoformcoloniesinelectricalunits.18.A)Denythemaccesstoanyfood.B)Keepdoorsandwindowsshut.C)Destroytheircoloniescloseby.D)Refrainfromeatingsugaryfood.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Thefunctionofthehumanimmunesystem.B)Thecauseofvariousauto-immunediseases.C)Thevirusesthatmayinfectthehumanimmunesystem.D)Thechangeinpeoplesimmunesystemastheygetolder.20.A)Reporttheirillnesses.B)Offerbloodsamples.C)Actasresearchassistants.D)Helptointerviewpatients.21.A)Strengtheningpeople'simmunitytoinfection.B)Betterunderstandingpatientsimmunesystem.C)Helpingimproveoldpeopleshealthconditions.D)Furtherreducingoldpatientsmedicalexpenses.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Hisstudentshadtroublegettingonwitheachother.Alotofkidsstayedatschooltodotheirhomework.Hisstudentswerestrugglingtofollowhislessons.Agroupofkidswereplayingchessafterschool.A)VisitachessteaminNashville.Jointheschoolschessteam.Participateinanationalchesscompetition.Receivetrainingforachesscompetition.A)Mostofthemcomefromlow-incomefamilies.Manyhavebecomenationalchesschampions.Acoupleofthemhavegotinvolvedincrimes.Manybecamechesscoachesaftergraduation.A)Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.Thinktwicebeforetakingaction.Translatetheirwordsintoaction.Takeactionbeforeitgetstoolate.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.ThecenterofAmericanautomobileinnovationhasinthepastdecademoved2,000milesaway.Ithas26fromDetroittoSiliconValleywhereself-drivingvehiclesarecomingtolife.Ina27totakeproductionbacktoDetroit,Michiganlawmakershaveintroduced28thatcouldmaketheirstatethebestplaceinthecountry,ifnottheworld,todevelopself-drivingvehiclesandputthemontheroad.Michigans29inautoresearchanddevelopmentisunderattackfromseveralstatesandcountrieswhichdesireto30ourleadershipintransportation.Wecan'tletthathappen,“saysSenatorMikeKowallthelead31offourbillsrecentlyintroduced.Ifallfourbillspassaswritten,theywould32asubstantialupdateofMichigan's2013lawthatallowedthetestingofself-drivingvehiclesinlimitedconditions.Manufacturerswouldhavenearlytotalfreedomtotesttheirself-drivingtechnologyonpublicroads.Theywouldbeallowedtosendgroupsofself-drivingcarsoncross-stateroadtrips ,andevensetupon-demand33ofself-drivingcars,liketheoneGeneralMotorsandLyftarebuilding.LawmakersinMichiganclearlywanttomakethestatereadyforthecommercialapplicationofself-drivingtechnology.In34 ,California,homeofSiliconValley,recentlyproposedfarmore35rulesthatwouldrequirehumandriversbereadytotakethewheel,andbancommercialuseofself-drivingtechnology.bidcontrastdeputyD)dominancefleetsknotslegislationmigratedreplacerepresentrestrictiverewardsignificantN)sponsorO)transmittedSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.HowWorkW川ChangeWhenMostofUsLiveto100TodayintheUnitedStatesthereare72 ,000centenarians（百岁老人）.Worldwide,probably450,000.Ifcurrenttrendscontinue,thenby2050therewillbemorethanamillionintheUSalone.AccordingtotheworkofProfessorJamesVaupelandhisco-researchers,50%ofbabiesbornintheUSin2007havealifeexpectancyof104ormore.BroadlythesameholdsfortheUK,Germany,France,ItalyandCanada,andforJapan50%of2007babiescanexpecttoliveto107.Understandably,thereareconcernsaboutwhatthismeansforpublicfinancesgiventheassociatedhealthandpensionchallenges.Thesechallengesarereal,andsocietyurgentlyneedstoaddressthem.Butitisalsoimportanttolookatthewiderpictureofwhathappenswhensomanypeoplelivefor100years.Itisamistaketosimplyequatelongevity（长寿）withissuesofoldage.Longerliveshaveimplicationsforalloflife,notjusttheendofit.Ourviewisthatifmanypeoplearelivingforlonger,andarehealthierforlonger,thenthiswillresultinaninevitableredesignof

theyarenotonlyolderforworkandlife.Whenpeoplelivelongerlonger,butalsoyoungerforlonger.Thereissometruthinthesayingtheyarenotonlyolderforthat"70isthenew60"or“40thenew30."Ifyouagemoreslowlyoveralongertimeperiod,thenyouareinsomesenseyoungerforlonger.Butthechangesgofurtherthanthat.Take,forinstance,theageatwhichpeoplemakecommitmentssuchasbuyingahouse ,gettingmarried,havingchildren,orstartingacareer.Theseareallfundamentalcommitmentsthatarenowoccurringlaterinlife.In1962 ,50%ofAmericansweremarriedbyage21.By2014 ,thatmilestone(里程碑)hadshiftedtoage29.Whiletherearenumerousfactorsbehindtheseshifts,onefactorissurelyagrowingrealizationfortheyoungthattheyaregoingtolivelonger.Optionsaremorevaluablethelongertheycanbeheld.Soifyoubelieveyouwilllivelonger,thenoptionsbecomemorevaluable,andearlycommitmentbecomeslessattractive.Theresultisthatthecommitmentsthatpreviouslycharacterizedthebeginningofadulthoodarenowbeingdelayed,andnewpatternsofbehaviorandanewstageoflifeareemergingforthoseintheirtwenties.Longevityalsopushesbacktheageofretirement,andnotonlyforfinancialreasons.Yes,unlesspeoplearepreparedtosavealotmore,ourcalculationssuggestthatifyouarenowinyourmid-40s ,thenyouarelikelytoworkuntilyourearly70s;andifyouareinyourearly20s,thereisarealchanceyouwillneedtoworkuntilyourlate70sorpossiblyevenintoyour80s.Butevenifpeopleareabletoeconomicallysupportaretirementat65 ,overthirtyyearsofpotentialinactivityisharmfultocognitive(认知的)andemotionalvitality.Manypeoplemaysimplynotwanttodoit.Andyetthatdoesnotmeanthatsimplyextendingourcareersisappealing.Justlengtheningthatsecondstageoffull-timeworkmaysecurethefinancialassetsneededfora100-yearlife,butsuchpersistentworkwillinevitablyexhaustpreciousintangibleassetssuchasproductiveskills,vitality,happiness,andfriendship.Thesameistrueforeducation.Itisimpossiblethatasingleshotofeducation,administeredinchildhoodandearlyadulthood,willbeabletosupportasustained,60-yearcareer.Ifyoufactorintheprojectedratesoftechnologicalchange,eitheryourskillswillbecomeunnecessary,oryourindustryoutdated.Thatmeansthateveryonewillatsomepointintheirlife,havetomakeanumberofmajorreinvestmentsintheirskills.Itseemslikely,then,thatthetraditionalthree-stagelifewillevolveintomultiplestagescontainingtwo,three,orovenmoredifferentcareers.Eachofthesestagescouldpotentiallybedifferent.Inonethefocuscouldbeonbuildingfinancialsuccessandpersonalachievement,inanotheroncreatingabetterwork/lifebalance,stillanotheronexploringandunderstandingoptionsmorefully ,orbecominganindependentproducer,yetanotheronmakingasocialcontribution.Thesestageswillspansectors,takepeopletodifferentcities,andprovideafoundationforbuildingawidevarietyofskills.Transitionsbetweenstagescouldbemarkedwithsabbaticals( 休彳贸)aspeoplefindtimetorestandrechargetheirhealth,re-investintheirrelationships,orimprovetheirskills.Attimes,thesebreaksandtransitionswillbeself-determined,atotherstheywillbeforcedasexistingroles,firms,orindustriesceasetoexist.Amulti-stagelifewillhaveprofoundchangesnotjustinhowyoumanageyourcareer,butalsoinyourapproachtolife.Anincreasinglyimportantskillwillbeyourabilitytodealwithchangeandevenwelcomeit.Athree-stagelifehasfewtransitions,whileamulti-stagelifehasmany.Thatiswhybeingself-aware,investinginbroadernetworksoffriends,andbeingopentonewideaswillbecomeevenmorecrucialskills.Thesemulti-stageliveswillcreateextraordinaryvarietyacrossgroupsofpeoplesimplybecausetherearesomanywaysofsequencingthestages.Morestagesmeanmorepossiblesequences.Withthisvarietywillcometheendofthecloseassociationofageandstage.Inathree-stagelife,peopleleaveuniversityatthesametimeandthesameage,theytendtostarttheircareersandfamilyatthesameage,theyproceedthroughmiddlemanagementallroughlythesametime,andthenmoveintoretirementwithinafewyearsofeachother.Inamulti-stagelife,youcouldbeanundergraduateat20 , 40 ,or60;amanagerat30 ,50,or70;andbecomeanindependentproduceratanyage.Currentlifestructures,careerpaths,educationalchoices , andsocialnormsareoutoftunewiththeemergingrealityoflongerlifespans.Thethree-stagelifeoffull-timeeducation,followedbycontinuouswork,andthencompleteretirementmayhaveworkedforourparentsorevengrandparents,butitisnotrelevanttoday.Webelievethattofocusonlongevityasprimarilyanissueofagingistomissitsfullimplications.Longevityisnotnecessarilyaboutbeingolderforlonger.Itisaboutlivinglonger,beingolderlater,andbeingyoungerlonger.Anextendedlifespaninthefuturewillallowpeopletohavemorecareersthannow.Justextendingone'scareermayhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffects.

38.NowadaysmanyAmericanshaveonaveragedelayedtheirmarriagebysomeeightyears.38.NowadaysBecauseoftheirlongerlifespan,youngpeopletodaynolongerfollowthepatternoflifeoftheirparentsorgrandparents.Manymorepeoplewillbeexpectedtoliveover100bythemid-21stcentury.Alongerlifewillcauseradicalchangesinpeople'sapproachtolife.Fasttechnologicalchangemakesitnecessaryforonetoconstantlyupgradetheirskills.Manypeoplemaynotwanttoretireearlybecauseitwoulddoharmtotheirmentalandemotionalwell-being.Thecloselinkbetweenageandstagemayceasetoexistinamulti-stagelife.Peoplelivingalongerandhealthierlifewillhavetorearrangetheirworkandlife.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Intheclassicmarriagevow(誓约),couplespromisetostaytogetherinsicknessandinhealth.Butanewstudyfindsthattheriskofdivorceamongoldercouplesriseswhenthewife—notthehusband—becomesseriouslyill.“Marriedwomendiagnosedwithaserioushealthconditionmayfindthemselvesstrugglingwiththeimpactoftheirdiseasewhilealsoexperiencingthestressofdivorce,“saidresearcherAmeliaKarraker.Karrakerandco-authorKenzieLathamanalyzed20yearsofdataon2,717marriagesfromastudyconductedbyIndianaUniversitysince1992.Atthetimeofthefirstinterview,atleastoneofthepartnerswasovertheageof50.Theresearchersexaminedhowtheonset（发生）offourseriousphysical川nessesaffectedmarriages.Theyfoundthat,overall,31%ofmarriagesendedindivorceovertheperiodstudied.Theincidenceofnewchronic（慢性的）illnessonsetincreasedovertimeaswell,withmorehusbandsthanwivesdevelopingserioushealthproblems.“Wefoundthatwomenaredoublyvulnerabletomaritalbreak-upinthefaceofillness,“Karrakersaid."They'remorelikelytobewidowed,andifthey'retheoneswhobecome川，they'remorelikelytogetdivorced.”Whilethestudydidn'tassesswhydivorceismorelikelywhenwivesbutnothusbandsbecomeseriously川，Karrakeroffersafewpossiblereasons. “Gendernormsandsocialexpectationsaboutcaregivingmaymakeitmoredifficultformentoprovidecaretosickspouses JKarrakersaid.“Andbecauseoftheimbalanceinmarriagemarkets,especiallyinolderages,divorcedmenhavemorechoicesamongprospectivepartnersthandivorcedwomen.”Giventheincreasingconcernabouthealthcarecostsfortheagingpopulation,Karrakerbelievespolicymakersshouldbeawareoftherelationshipbetweendiseaseandriskofdivorce.Offeringsupportservicestospousescaringfortheirotherhalvesmayreducemaritalstressandpreventdivorceatolderages,“shesaid.“Butit'salsoimportanttorecognizethatthepressuretodivorcemaybehealth-relatedandthatsickex-wivesmayneedadditionalcareandservicestopreventworseninghealthandincreasedhealthcosts. ”Whatcanwelearnaboutmarriagevowsfromthepassage?Theymaynotguaranteealastingmarriage.Theyareasbindingastheyusedtobe.Theyarenottakenseriouslyanymore.Theymayhelpcouplestideoverhardtimes.WhatdidKarrakerandco-authorKenzieLathamfindaboutelderlyhusbands?Theyaregenerallynotgoodattakingcareofthemselves.Theycanbecomeincreasinglyvulnerabletoserious川nesses.Theycandevelopdifferentkindsofillnessesjustliketheirwives.Theyaremorelikelytocontractserious川nessesthantheirwives.WhatdoesKarrakersayaboutwomenwhofall川？A)Theyaremorelikelytobewidowed.Theyaremorelikelytogetdivorced.Theyarelesslikelytoreceivegoodcare.Theyarelesslikelytobothertheirspouses.WhyisitmoredifficultformentotakecareoftheirsickspousesaccordingtoKarraker?A)Theyaremoreaccustomedtoreceivingcare.Theyfinditmoreimportanttomakemoneyforthefamily.Theythinkitmoreurgenttofulfilltheirsocialobligations.Theyexpectsocietytodomoreofthejob.WhatdoesKarrakerthinkisalsoimportant?A)Reducingmaritalstressonwives.Stabilizingoldcouplesrelations.Providingextracarefordivorcedwomen.Makingmenpayfortheirwiveshealthcosts.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablygotupsetwhenyourmothercalledyoubyasibling's（兄弟姐妹的）name.Howcouldshenotknowyou?Diditmeanshelovedyouless?Probablynot.Accordingtothefirstresearchtotacklethistopichead-on,misnamingthemostfamiliarpeopleinourlifeisacommoncognitive（认知的）errorthathastodowithhowourmemoriesclassifyandstorefamiliarnames.Thestudy,publishedonlineinAprilinthejournalMemoryandCognition,foundthatthe “wrong"nameisnotrandombutisinvariablyfishedoutfromthesamerelationshippond:children ,siblings,friends.Thestudydidnotexaminethepossibilityofdeeppsychologicalsignificancetothemistake,sayspsychologistDavidRubin, “butitdoestelluswho'sinandwho'soutofthegroup.”Thestudyalsofoundthatwithinthatgroup,misnamingsoccurredwherethenamessharedinitialorinternalsounds,likeJimmyandJoanieorJohnandBob.Physicalresemblancebetweenpeoplewasnotafactor.Norwasgender.Theresearchersconductedfiveseparatesurveysofmorethan1 ,700people.Someofthesurveysincludedonlycollegestudents;othersweredonewithamixed-agepopulation.Someaskedsubjectsaboutincidentswheresomeoneclosetothem—familyorfriend—hadcalledthembyanotherperson'sname.Theothersurveysaskedabouttimeswhensubjectshadthemselvescalledsomeoneclosetothembythewrongname.Allthesurveysfoundthatpeoplemixedupnameswithinrelationshipgroupssuchasgrandchildren,friendsandsiblingsbuthardlyevercrossedtheseboundaries.Ingeneral,thestudyfoundthatundergraduateswerealmostaslikelyasoldpeopletomakethismistakeandmenaslikelyaswomen.Olderpeopleandwomenmadethemistakeslightlymoreoften ,butthatmaybebecausegrandparentshavemoregrandchildrentomixupthanparentshavechildren.Also,mothersmaycallontheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers,giventraditionalgendernorms.Therewasnoevidencethaterrorsoccurredmorewhenthemisnamerwasfrustratedtiredorangry.Howmightpeopleoftenfeelwhentheyweremisnamed?Unwanted.Unhappy.Confused.D)Indifferent.WhatdidDavidRubinsresearchfindaboutmisnaming?A)Itisrelatedtothewayourmemorieswork.Itisapossibleindicatorofafaultymemory.Itoccursmostlybetweenkidsandtheirfriends.Itoftencausesmisunderstandingsamongpeople.Whatismostlikelythecauseofmisnaming?A)Similarpersonalitytraits.Similarspellingsofnames.Similarphysicalappearance.Similarpronunciationofnames.Whatdidthesurveysofmorethan1 ,700subjectsfindaboutmisnaming?A)Itmoreoftenthannothurtsrelationships.Ithardlyoccursacrossgenderboundaries.Itismostfrequentlyfoundinextendedfamilies.Itmostoftenoccurswithinarelationshipgroup.Whydomothersmisnametheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers?Theysuffermorefrustrations.Theybecomewornoutmoreoften.Theycommunicatemorewiththeirchildren.Theygenerallytakeonmoreworkathome.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.灯笼起源于东汉，最初主要用于照明。在唐代，人们用红灯笼来庆祝安定的生活。从那时起，灯笼在中国的许多地方流行起来。 灯笼通常用色彩鲜艳的薄纸制作，形状和尺寸各异。在中国传统文化中，红灯笼象征生活美满和生意兴隆，通常在春节、元宵节和国庆节等节日期间悬挂。 如今，世界上许多其他地方也能看到红灯笼。2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题精解（第一套）PartIWriting【范文评注】OnJune15,toenrichstudents'extracurricularlifeandshowtheircaringtotheelderly,theStudentUnionorganizedavolunteeractivitytoassistelderlypeopleintheneighborhood,anddozensofstudentsinvariousmajorsattendedtheactivity.1Herearemoredetailsaboutthisactivity.2Withthehelpofthestaffintheneighborhoodcommittee,wegotintouchwiththeelderlyintheneighborhoodwhenwegotthereatabout2:00p.m.Everytwovolunteerstookcareofoneelderlyman,chattingwiththemandcleaningtheirrooms.Aftergettingquitefamiliarwitheachother ,wegavethemenjoyableperformances,includingsinging,dancingandcrosstalks,allreceivingabigapplausefromtheelderly.Atlast,wetookphotoswiththemforgoodmemories.Inthelateafternoon ,weleftforouruniversity.3Thevisitleftaspecialandprofoundimpressiononeachparticipant.4Withinjustthreehoursofvolunteering,studentsfeltastrongersenseofresponsibilitytocareabouttheelderlyandthesignificanceofrespectingthem.5.在英文中，新闻报道一般采用“倒三角”的写作模式，也称“倒金字塔结构”，开篇往往用一句话介绍完新闻主题（常常包括人物、时间、地点、事件），用以吸引读者或听众的兴趣，其余段落介绍相关细节。.过渡性语句，用以承上启下，开始向读者介绍新闻的具体细节。.按照时间顺序和志愿者活动安排的顺序介绍照顾老人的具体细节。.对此次志愿者活动进行总结。.进一步揭示此次活动的意义。【译文】6月15日，为了丰富学生们的课余生活，表达他们对老人的关爱，我校学生会组织了一次志愿者活动，帮助附近的老人，有数十位来自不同专业的学生参加了这次活动。下面是关于这次活动的更多细节。下午两点左右到达之后，在居委会工作人员的帮助下，我们与附近的老人取得了联系。每两位志愿者照顾一位老人，与他们交谈，帮助他们清扫屋子。在双方熟悉起来之后，我们给他们表演了有趣的节目，包括唱歌、跳舞和说相声，所有节目都赢得了老人的热烈掌声。最后，我们与老人合影留念。在下午晚些时候，我们离开返回学校。

这次拜访给每位参与者都留下了特别而又深刻的印象在短短三个小时的志这次拜访给每位参与者都留下了特别而又深刻的印象在短短三个小时的志愿者活动中，学生们有了更强烈的关爱老人的责任感，更深刻地感受到尊敬老人的意义。【要点用法】enrich使丰富dozensof数十个goodmemory 美好回忆extracurricularlife 课余生活withthehelpof在 的帮助下leavefor前往caring关爱takecareof照顾，照料leaveanimpressionon给 留下印象theelderly老年人getfamiliarwith与 变得熟悉volunteer志愿者enjoyable令人愉快的，有乐趣的profound深刻的assist帮助，协助crosstalk相声senseofresponsibility责任感intheneighborhood 附近，周围receiveabigapplause 赢得热烈掌声significance意义【句法点评】Thevisitleftaspecialandprofoundimpressiononeachparticipant.句中采用了一个固定结构，即leaveanimpressionon...意为“给 留下ER象”,impression前面常常用profound、big、deep、strong等修饰，以增强语气，on后面一般接“某人”，该句型常用来对某项活动进行总结和点评，是此类新闻报道的常用句型之一。

studentsfeltastrongerWithinjustthreehoursofvolunteeringsenseofresponsibilitytocareabouttheelderlyandthesignificanceofrespectingthem.studentsfeltastronger句中使用了一个常用搭酉己，即feltastrongersenseofresponsibility,意为“感受到了更强烈的责任感”，tocareabout...为不定式短语，充当responsibility 的后置定语。PartIIListeningComprehensionSectionANewsReportOne【听力原文】Anine-year-oldcentralCaliforniaboybravedstrongcurrentsandcoldwatertoswimfromSanFranciscotoAlcatrazIslandandback.ACaliforniatelevisionstationinFresnoreportedTuesdaythatJamesSavagesetarecordastheyoungestswimmertomakethejourneytotheformerprison.TheTVstationreportedthatbycompletingtheswimthefourth-gradestudentfromLosBanosbrokearecordpreviouslyheldbyaten-year-oldboy.JamessaidthatwavesintheSanFranciscoBayhittinghimintheface30minutesintohisswimmadehimwanttogiveup.Hisfathersaidhehadofferedhisson100dollarsasareward.[2]Toencouragehisstrugglingsonhedoubleditto200dollars.Jamespushedforward,makingittoAlcatrazIslandandbackinalittlemorethantwohours.Alcatrazisoveramilefromthemainland..WhatdidtheboyfromcentralCaliforniadoaccordingtothereport?.Whatdidthefatherdotoencouragehisson?【听前预测】利用播放答题导语的时间，快速浏览每道题的四个选项。由选项关键词 setarecord、swimming、island>SanFrancisco等可知，本则新闻很可能是关于创造游泳纪录的，且涉及岛屿和旧金山地区，听音时应侧重这些方面。A【做题提示】四个选项都是以he做主语的陈述句。四个选项都包含island,其中两项跟游泳有关(swimmingtoandfrom、swamaround)。听到问题后立刻回忆所听新闻内容，确定he的指代对象，结合选项作答。【解析】一位来自加利福尼亚中部地区的9岁男孩勇敢地面对湍急的水流和冰冷的海水，在旧金山和阿尔卡特拉斯岛之间游了一个来回。由此可知，选项A符合报道所述，为正确答案。选项D的描述不符合新闻内容，男孩是在旧金山和阿尔卡特拉斯岛之间游了一个来回，而非绕着旧金山附近一座小岛游。A【做题提示】四个选项都是以he做主语的陈述句，其中两项包含两个不同的“他”（he、him）,可判断本题可能涉及两个人之间的活动。听到问题后立刻回忆所听新闻内容，确定he和him的指代对象及相互间的关系，结合选项作答。【解析】新闻后面提到，为了鼓励努力坚持游完全程的儿子， 他把奖励提高了一倍，增加到了200美元。因此，选项A符合新闻内容，为正确答案。选项D无中生有，新闻中只提到电视台报道了男孩游泳创造纪录一事， 但未说是男孩父亲让电视台报道了这一事件，故可排除。NewsReportTwo【听力原文】OnthefirstofJanuary,newregulationswillcomeintoeffectwhicheliminateanannualleavebonusforpeoplewhoputoffmarryinguntiltheageof23forwo