医学英语第五讲课件

第五讲●方法论文的材料与方法部分在结构式摘要中简称为methods”,或patientsandmethods”或“designandmethods”或researchdesignandmethod第五讲1方法部分主要陈述研究设计(studydesign)研究对象的特性(identityofsubjects)●干预或处理方法(intervention)测定或观察方法(measurement)方法部分主要陈述2示例(p.119)ExampleObjective:Totestprospectivelywhetherserumlaminin(昆布氨酸)levels,whichistakentoindicateportalhypertension,canpredicttheoccurrenceofseverecomplicationsinadvancedcirrhosisoftheliver.[目的及研究设计]PatientsandMethods:In38patients(21menand17womenmeanage55.613.4years)withliverfibrosis(n=4)orlivercirrhosis(n=34)serumlamininwasmeasuredbyacommerciallyavailableradioimmunoassay(Behring,Marburg)[研究对象特性测定内容及方法]Chetheseverityoflivercirrhosiswasgradedaccordingtotheild-Pugh-Christensencriteria.Portalhypertensionwasassessedbystandardendoscopicmethodsandportal-veinduplex(多普勒)sonography.Withinameanobservationperiodof12.5+3.5months,thefollowingwereusedassignsofseverelinicalcomplicationsoflivercirrhosis:stageIllandIVofhepaticcoma,treatment-refractoryascites(顽固性腹水),portalveithrombosisanddeathduetomulti-organfailure.[评价标准及方法]示例(p.119)31.研究对象的选择、来源与排除Example1Patientswererandomlyselectedfromvolunteerswithcutaneousleishmaniasis(皮肤利什曼病)wholivedinahyperendemicarea(高流行病区).Exclusioncriteriawerepregnancy,gestation,ageyoungerthan12years,anddurationofdiseaseofmorethan4months.(p.120)●语言点随机选择/分组:berandomlyselectedfrom/berandomizedinto排除/选择标准:exclusioncriteriafor../inclusioncriteriafor.included/were12岁以下12岁或12岁以下:youngerthan2years/12arsoryoungerNOT:youngerthan12yearsold病程:theduration/courseofdisease1.研究对象的选择、来源与排除4Example2atotalof169patientswereincludedinthestudy,83ofwhomreceivedtrimetazidine(心康宁)orallyataninitialdoseof60mgfollowedby20mgtidfor5days.Thesepatientsformedthestudgroupgroupt)whiletheremaining86,thecontrolgroup(group语言点总共:atotalof接受/使用(药物):receive/beadministered/begiven>起始剂量:initialdosage维持剂量:maintenancedosage冲击剂量:aggressivedosage/abolus随后:(be)followedby研究组:thestudygroup/theinterventiongroup/thetreatmentgroup>其余的theremaining/theother(25patients)NOT:theremained25patientsExample25EXample3Methods:Twenty-sevenpatientsoverage65,withleftventricularsystolicdysfunction,wereageandsex-matchedwith19patientswithnormalleftventricularsystolicfunction.Patientswithsignificantmitraloraorticvalvulardiseaseswereexcluded.(p120)语言点:年龄、性别、身体状况相对应:bematchedwith..in(age,genderandgeneralconditionEXample362研究对象的分组及标准Example1Basedongestationalage,32normalprimigravid(初产的)patientsweredividedintothreegroupsGroupI(n=11),lessthan12gestationalweeksGroupl(n=10),13to26gestationalweeks,andGroupI(n=11),27gestationalweeksormore语言点:分组的叙述2研究对象的分组及标准7EXample2Toclarifytheseissues,werandomized60patientsundergoingaorticvalvereplacementtoanaortichemorrhagegroup(groupa=37patients;53%;34male,3female)orapulmonaryautograftgroup(groupB=33patients47%;28male,5female).(p121)●语言点>怎样用括号表述性别、年龄EXample283.年龄、性别Example1The120patientsrangedinagefrom18monthsto71yearswithameanof36.5yearsEThemale-to-femaleratiowas1:4.Themeanageatonsetwas11.5years(range7-16years)andthemeandurationofdiseasewas6.5years(range313years)3.年龄、性别94.时间点Example1eBodyweightandbiochemicalparametersweremeasuredweekly,andaliverbiopsywasobtainedat4,8and12weeksHemodynamicswereevaluatedat12weeks4.时间点10医学英语第五讲课件11医学英语第五讲课件12医学英语第五讲课件13医学英语第五讲课件14医学英语第五讲课件15医学英语第五讲课件16医学英语第五讲课件17医学英语第五讲课件18医学英语第五讲课件19医学英语第五讲课件20医学英语第五讲课件21医学英语第五讲课件22医学英语第五讲课件23医学英语第五讲课件24医学英语第五讲课件25医学英语第五讲课件26医学英语第五讲课件27医学英语第五讲课件28医学英语第五讲课件29医学英语第五讲课件30医学英语第五讲课件31医学英语第五讲课件32医学英语第五讲课件33医学英语第五讲课件34医学英语第五讲课件35医学英语第五讲课件36第五讲●方法论文的材料与方法部分在结构式摘要中简称为methods”,或patientsandmethods”或“designandmethods”或researchdesignandmethod第五讲37方法部分主要陈述研究设计(studydesign)研究对象的特性(identityofsubjects)●干预或处理方法(intervention)测定或观察方法(measurement)方法部分主要陈述38示例(p.119)ExampleObjective:Totestprospectivelywhetherserumlaminin(昆布氨酸)levels,whichistakentoindicateportalhypertension,canpredicttheoccurrenceofseverecomplicationsinadvancedcirrhosisoftheliver.[目的及研究设计]PatientsandMethods:In38patients(21menand17womenmeanage55.613.4years)withliverfibrosis(n=4)orlivercirrhosis(n=34)serumlamininwasmeasuredbyacommerciallyavailableradioimmunoassay(Behring,Marburg)[研究对象特性测定内容及方法]Chetheseverityoflivercirrhosiswasgradedaccordingtotheild-Pugh-Christensencriteria.Portalhypertensionwasassessedbystandardendoscopicmethodsandportal-veinduplex(多普勒)sonography.Withinameanobservationperiodof12.5+3.5months,thefollowingwereusedassignsofseverelinicalcomplicationsoflivercirrhosis:stageIllandIVofhepaticcoma,treatment-refractoryascites(顽固性腹水),portalveithrombosisanddeathduetomulti-organfailure.[评价标准及方法]示例(p.119)391.研究对象的选择、来源与排除Example1Patientswererandomlyselectedfromvolunteerswithcutaneousleishmaniasis(皮肤利什曼病)wholivedinahyperendemicarea(高流行病区).Exclusioncriteriawerepregnancy,gestation,ageyoungerthan12years,anddurationofdiseaseofmorethan4months.(p.120)●语言点随机选择/分组:berandomlyselectedfrom/berandomizedinto排除/选择标准:exclusioncriteriafor../inclusioncriteriafor.included/were12岁以下12岁或12岁以下:youngerthan2years/12arsoryoungerNOT:youngerthan12yearsold病程:theduration/courseofdisease1.研究对象的选择、来源与排除40Example2atotalof169patientswereincludedinthestudy,83ofwhomreceivedtrimetazidine(心康宁)orallyataninitialdoseof60mgfollowedby20mgtidfor5days.Thesepatientsformedthestudgroupgroupt)whiletheremaining86,thecontrolgroup(group语言点总共:atotalof接受/使用(药物):receive/beadministered/begiven>起始剂量:initialdosage维持剂量:maintenancedosage冲击剂量:aggressivedosage/abolus随后:(be)followedby研究组:thestudygroup/theinterventiongroup/thetreatmentgroup>其余的theremaining/theother(25patients)NOT:theremained25patientsExample241EXample3Methods:Twenty-sevenpatientsoverage65,withleftventricularsystolicdysfunction,wereageandsex-matchedwith19patientswithnormalleftventricularsystolicfunction.Patientswithsignificantmitraloraorticvalvulardiseaseswereexcluded.(p120)语言点:年龄、性别、身体状况相对应:bematchedwith..in(age,genderandgeneralconditionEXample3422研究对象的分组及标准Example1Basedongestationalage,32normalprimigravid(初产的)patientsweredividedintothreegroupsGroupI(n=11),lessthan12gestationalweeksGroupl(n=10),13to26gestationalweeks,andGroupI(n=11),27gestationalweeksormore语言点:分组的叙述2研究对象的分组及标准43EXample2Toclarifytheseissues,werandomized60patientsundergoingaorticvalvereplacementtoanaortichemorrhagegroup(groupa=37patients;53%;34male,3female)orapulmonaryautograftgroup(groupB=33patients47%;28male,5female).(p121)●语言点>怎样用括号表述性