新编英语教程6 主编李观仪 1-7单元课件

新编英语教程6主编李观仪1-7单元课件新编英语教程6主编李观仪1-7单元课件新编英语教程6主编李观仪1-7单元课件新编英语教程6主编李观仪1-7单元课件编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:UnitOne

TextITwoWordstoAvoid,TwoWordstoRememberI.LibraryWork1.Manhattan,anislandnearthemouthoftheHudsonRiver,isaboroughofNewYorkCity,insoutheasternNewYorkState,U.S.A.Commercialandculturalheartofthecity,ManhattanisthesiteoftheMetropolitanOperaHouse,CarnegieHall,theCityCenterofMusicandDrama,I.LibraryWorkandnumerousothermusicinstitutions.MainmuseumsandartgalleriesofManhattanincludetheMetropolitanMuseumofArt,andAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory,etc.ColumbiaUniversityandNewYorkI.LibraryWorkinterestaretheRockefellerCenter,theEmpireApsychiatristisamedicalpractitionerspecializinginthediagnosis,andtreatmentofmentalillness.Generally,aftercompletionofmedicaltraining,physicianstakeathree-yearresidencyinpsychiatrytobecomequalifiedI.LibraryWorkpsychiatrists.Aspsychiatryisanareaofmedicine,psychiatriststendtoviewandconceptualizedisorderedbehaviorastypesofmentalillness.Thosewhohavementalillness,psychologicalandemotionaldisordersconsultpsychiatrists.I.LibraryWorkSigmundFreud/‵zikmunt‵froit/(1856-1939)isanAustrianphysicianandthefounderofpsychoanalysis.Freudexploredtheworkingsofthehumanmindanddevelopedpsychoanalysisasatherapeutictechniquetotreatneurosisormentaldisturbances.HisideaoftheunconsciousmentalprocessesandhisI.LibraryWorktheorythataprincipalcauseofneurosisistherepressionofpainfulmemoriesintotheunconsciousholdacentralplaceinpsychologyandpsychiatrytoday.II.OrganizationoftheTextI.Settingofthestory(Paragraphs1–3)①Theinstructivesignificanceofthestory(1)②Setting(2–3)II.Developmentofthestory(Paragraphs4–31)①InthelittleFrenchrestaurant(4–8)II.OrganizationoftheText②IntheOldMan’soffice(9–26)③Outsidetheoffice(27-31)III.Denouementorconclusion(Paragraphs32–33)III.KeyPointsoftheTextParagraph1rewarding:worthdoing;satisfyingchangeforthebetter:improvesomethingthatalreadyexistsorthathasgonebefore向着较好的情况转变；为了取得更好的结果Paragraph1E.g.:Hishealthhaschangedforthebetter.他的健康状况已有好转。makealterationsforthebetterinthedesignofahouse修改房屋的设计使之更趋完善Paragraph1c.f.:changefortheworse:makeworsesomethingthatalreadyexistsorthathasgonebefore向着较坏的情况转变，更不好E.g.:Heboughtanewcarbutitturnedouttobefortheworse.他买了一辆新汽车，但结果比原来的还不好。Paragraph1forbetter(or)forworse(或forbetterorworse):inbothgoodandbadfortune;whethertheresultisgoodorbad同甘共苦,祸福与共;不管是好是歹,不论是祸是福;不管结果怎样Paragraph1E.g.:Hehasresolvedtotakeherforbetterorforworse.不论是福是祸，他决心娶她为妻。Mostleave-takingforbetterorworsearetemporaryaffairs.不管怎样，大多数的告别只是暂别。Paragraph1Nothinginlifeismoreexcitingandrewardingthanthesuddenflashoflightthatleavesyouachangedpersonnotonlychanged,butchangedforthebetter:Themostinspiringandgratifyingfactoflifeistheunexpectedsparkofenlightenmentthatmakesyoudifferentandabetterpersonthanbefore.Paragraph1Accordingtotheauthor,howmuchdidthesessionwithhispsychiatristfriendthatafternoonmeantohim?Tohim,thesessionwasjustlike“aflashofinsightthatleaveshimachangedpersonnotonlychanged,butchangedforthebetter.”Paragraph2wintry:oforlikewinter;cold,snowy(似)冬天的；寒冷的；多雪的E.g.:awintrysmile冷若冰雪的微笑Paragraph2frustrated:feelingannoyeddisappointmentbecauseofthepreventionofthefulfillmentofordefeatofsomeoneorsomeone’seffort,hopes,etc.表示作出的某种努力受阻而失望或沮丧E.g.:I’mfeelingratherfrustratedinmypresentjob;Ineedachange.Paragraph2Ifeelfrustrated;Ican’tgoafterall!我感到很失望；我终归还是去不成了。depressed:sad;lowinspirits沮丧的；抑郁的；（意志）消沉的E.g.:Ifeelreallydepressedtoday,nothingwentright.今天我真倒霉，什么都不顺利。Paragraph2onone’spart:madeordonebyone某人所做的，某人有责任的；就某人而言，在某人一方；代表某人E.g.:Iconsiderthisagrossoversightonyourpart.我认为这是你的严重疏忽。Itwasthelapseonthepartofmywife.这是我妻子出的差错。Paragraph2Therearestillsomedoubtsonthepartoftheemployers.雇主方面仍心存怀疑。Afrankquestiononhispartledtoafrankansweronmine.他问题提得直率，因此我也回答得坦诚。Heexpressedappreciationonthepartofhimselfandhiscolleagues.他代表自己以及同事们表示感谢。Paragraph2fallthrough:failtobesuccessfullycompleted;cometonothing失败，成为泡影；不能践约，失约E.g.:Tohisdisappointment,hisplantodofurtherstudiesintheuniversityfellthrough.Paragraph2Ihavemadeanappointmentwithhim,butI’mafraidhe’llfallthrough.我已和他约好会面，可是我怕他会失约。hindsight:wisdomaboutaneventafterithasoccurred事后的觉悟；事后的聪明E.g.:ByhindsightIshouldhavegonethereearlier.事后想来，我应早些去那里。Paragraph2Hindsightisalwaysclearerthanone’sviewatthetime.事后看问题总要比当时看得清楚。c.f.:foresight:theabilitytoimaginewhatwillprobablyhappen,allowingonetoacttohelporpreventdevelopments;careorwiseplanningforthefuture预见；先见之明Paragraph2chewthecud:thinkdeeplybeforemakingadecision;thinkreflectively深思，反复思考E.g.:Hedidn’treplyimmediately,butseemedrathertobechewinghiscud.他没有立即回答，不过看上去在反复思考。Paragraph2Howweretheauthorandtheoldmanrelated?Theoldmanwasaneminentpsychiatristandtheauthorwasaclientofhis.Paragraph3Hecameacrossthestreet,finally,muffledinhisancientovercoat,shapelessfelthatpulleddownoverhisbaldhead,lookingmorelikeanenergeticgnomethananeminentpsychiatrist.Paragraph3Atlasthewalkedoverfromtheothersideofthestreet,wrappedinhisold-fashionedovercoat,hisbaldheadcoveredbyashapelessfelthat.Helookedlikeadwarfisholdmanfullofenergyratherthanawell-knownpsychiatrist.Paragraph3gnome:(inlegends)alittleoldmanwholivesundergroundandguardstheearth’streasures;asmalluglyperson守护神；土地神;侏儒Paragraph5perceptiveness:unusualabilitytonoticeandunderstand;awarenessandunderstanding观察敏锐；善于理解E.g.:Wealladmiredhisperceptiveness;hewasalwayssoquicktorespondtoanewceed:beginacourseofactionParagraph5E.g.:Afterthepreparationshadbeenmade,weproceededtodrafttheplan.Paragraph10flat:withabroadlevelsurfaceandlittledepth浅的Paragraph11berate:(formal)scoldorcriticizeangrilybecauseofafaultE.g.:Don’tberateanyonejustbecausehehasmadeamistake.Don’tweallmakemistakesfromtimetotime?

goby:pass;elapseParagraph11Thewomanwhospokenexthadnevermarriedbecauseofasenseofobligationtoherwidowedmother;sherecalledbitterlyallthemaritalchancesshehadletgoby.Paragraph11Thenextspeakeronthetapewasawomanwhohadremainedsinglebecauseshethoughtshewasobligedtotakecareofhermotherwhowasawidow.Shestillrememberedandtoldothersmiserablyaboutallthechancesofmarriageshehadmissed.Paragraph14woeful:regretful;fullofwoe,sadE.g.:awoefulcountenance(song)悲伤的面容(歌曲)awoefulspectacle悲惨的景象woefulshortageofcommodities商品的可悲的匮乏woefulignorance可悲的无知Paragraph14Itwaswoefultoseehimspoilingthepainting.眼见他毁坏那幅油画真叫人惋惜。Paragraph15Whydidtheoldmanlettheauthorlistentothethreespeakersonthetape?Thethreespeakersonthetapewereallunhappy,andthetwowordstheyallusedfrequentlyinwhattheysaidwere“ifonly.”WhattheoldmanwantedtopointParagraph15outtotheauthorwasthattokeepsaying“ifonly”wouldnotchangeanything;onthecontrary,itonlykeptthepersonfacingthewrongwaybackwardinsteadofforward.Thusitdidmoreharmthangoodtothepersonwhokeptsayingthem.Paragraph15Intheend,ifyouletitbecomeahabit,itcanbecomearealroadblock,anexcusefornottryinganymore.Eventually,ifyouformahabitofsaying“ifonly”,thephrasecanreallyturntoanobstruction,providingyouwithanexcuseforgivinguptryinganythingatall.Paragraph16lament:feelorexpressgreatsorrow(fororbecauseofsomething);complainabout痛惜；抱怨E.g.:Oneshouldnotlamentthepastmistakes,butshouldtrytodobetterlater.lamentthisgreatloss痛惜这巨大的损失Paragraph16lamentone’sfolly(carelessness)悔恨自己的愚蠢（粗心）Paragraph18…younevergotoutofthepasttense.Notoncedidyoumentionthefuture.…youarealwaysthinkingofthepast,regrettingandlamenting.Youdidnotlookforwardtowhatyoucandointhefutureatall.Paragraph18aperversestreak:anobstinatequalityperverse:stubbornlyunreasonable任性的，蛮不讲理的streak:longthinmark,lineorbandofadifferentsubstanceorcolorfromitssurroundings;elementortrace(inaperson’scharacter)(与整体不同物质或颜色的)条纹，线条，斑纹;(个性中的)些微特点或特征Paragraph18E.g.:blackwithredstreaks带红条纹的黑色Thereweretearstreaksdownherface.她脸上有一条条泪痕。Hehasastubbornstreak.他生性有点儿固执。Paragraph18Hehadapettybourgeoisstreakinhim.他有点小资产阶级味道。astreakofjealousy(vanity,cruelty)几分妒忌（虚荣，残忍）haveajealousstreak有点儿妒忌Paragraph18hashover:(AmEinformal)talkaboutsomethingsuchasadifficultyindetailandatlength充分讨论；回顾E.g.:Hasn’tthecommitteefinishedhashingoverthequestionyet?

IhavesomethingIwanttohashoverwithyou.我有事要跟你好好谈谈。Paragraph18hashovertheolddays追忆旧日hash:chop(meat)intosmallpieces把(肉)切成小块;把(肉)剁碎Paragraph19ruefully:regretfully;showingorfeelinggood-humoredregret表示或感到后悔的(但很看得开)E.g.:Hefacedhisrecentfailureruefully.aruefulsmile抱憾的微笑Paragraph20lift:afeelingofelation鼓舞，振奋E.g.:Winningthescholarshipgaveheratremendouslift.她获得奖学金后受到了极大的鼓舞。drag:(slang)aboringthing;nuisance累赘的或使人生厌的人或事物E.g.:Walkingisdraglet’stakethecar.走路太费事我们坐车吧。Paragraph22strikeout(alsostrikethrough):removebydrawingalinethrough;crossoutParagraph24grim:harsh,unpleasant,dreadfulE.g.:Hewasdepressedwhenheheardthegrimnewsthattwo-thirdsoftheworkforcemightbedischarged.Paragraph25fanciful:usingtheimaginationratherthanreason;imaginedratherthanbasedonfacts空想的，想象的E.g.:afancifultale想象出来的故事afancifulnotion毫无根据的想法afancifulgirl爱空想的女孩Paragraphs28-29“My,my,”saidtheOldManslyly.“Ifonlywehadcomedowntensecondssooner,we’dhavecaughtthatcab,wouldn’twe”Ilaughedandpickedupthecue.“NexttimeI’llrunfaster.”Paragraphs28-29TheOldMansaidtometrickily,usingthephrase“ifonly”onpurpose,“Ifonlywe’dgotheretensecondsearlier,we’dhavecaughtthecab.”Ilaughedandunderstoodwhathemeant.SoIfollowedhisadviceandsaid,“NexttimeI’llrunfaster.”Paragraphs28-29WhydidtheOldMansayslylyFindoutthereasoninthecontext.

Whatwasthecuetheauthorpickedup

HowdidtheauthorpickupthecueParagraphs31takeinone’sstride:dealwith(asituation,problem,etc.)calmlyandwithoutneedingtomakeaspecialeffort一跨而过；轻易地解决(困难)，毫不费力地做；从容处理E.g.:Theytooktheemergencyintheirstride.他们泰然地处理了紧急情况。Paragraphs31Somepeoplefindretiringdifficult,buthehastakenitallinhisstride.有人觉得很难适应退休后的生活，但他却能安之若素。sotospeak(say):onecouldsay;asitwere可以说，可谓；恕我直言E.g.:Youare,sotospeak,afishoutofwater.你可以说是像离了水的鱼儿。Paragraphs31ThereforeIthinkwemust,sotosay,resorttomoreextrememeasures.因此，恕我直言，我认为我们必须采取更为激烈的措施。Paragraphs32tothisday:evennowParagraphs33tobesure:Icannotdenythat;admittedly无可否认；诚然；固然；必须承认E.g.:Heisclever,tobesure,butnotveryhard-working.他聪明是聪明，但不怎么勤奋。Heisyoung,tobesure,butexperienced.他固然还年轻，但很有经验。IV.ExerciseIV,Workbook6scold,reprimand,rebuke,reproach,blamescold:canoftensuggestaninstanceofreproof(责备)formisbehaviorthatismetedoutbyasuperior,suchasaparentorteacher责骂；斥责:Shescoldedthechildforbeinglateforschool.IV.ExerciseIV,Workbook6Inthissituation,thewordmayspecificallyimplyadistinctionbetweenaverbalreproachandreprimandsthatactuallyinvolvesomeformofpunishment.Becauseofthis,thewordcansometimessuggestineffectualattemptsatdiscipline:IV.ExerciseIV,Workbook6Shescoldedherchildrenfrequently,butmadenoattempttocorrecttheirunruly(不驯服的)behavior.Scoldcanevensuggestcontinualnagging(唠叨不休)tonopurpose,whetheraboutseriousfaultsorabouttrivialities;here,therelationshipneednotbebetweensuperiorandinferior:IV.ExerciseIV,Workbook6awomanwhoconstantlyscoldedherhusbandaboutthelowpayheearned.reprimand:indicatesaformaland,usually,publicorofficialdisapproval.Itsuggestsadirectconfrontationbetweentheoffenderandhiscritic(正式而严厉地)申斥，训诫:IV.ExerciseIV,Workbook6thejudgewhosharplyreprimandedawitnessforbeingevasiveanduncooperative.Themilitarycourtorderedhimtobereprimandedforfailingtodohisduty.军事法庭下达裁决令：他工作失职，应受训斥。IV.ExerciseIV,Workbook6rebuke:istocriticizeorcalldown(责骂)withsharpness,andoftenwithabruptness,usuallyinthemidstofsomeactionorcourseofaction指责，非难:torebukeaworkerwhoseclumsinesswasresponsibleforthecompletebreakdownofoperationsinhisdepartment.IV.ExerciseIV,Workbook6Thejudgerebukedthepolicefortheirtreatmentoftheprisoner.法官指责警察不该那样对待犯人。IV.ExerciseIV,Workbook6reproach:istoexpressthekindofdisapprovalthatarisesfromapersonalhurt,angerorgriefatsomeone’sthoughtlessnessorselfishness(难过和失望地)责备，指责:reproachingherhusbandforhavingforgottentheirweddinganniversary.IV.ExerciseIV,Workbook6blame:①consider(someoneorsomething)responsiblefor(somethingbad)责怪，怪罪，把…归咎于:TheyblamedthefailureofthetalksontheRussians.他们把会谈的失败归咎于俄国人。②findfaultwith找…的差错；责备；责难：IV.ExerciseIV,Workbook6Criticsblamethedocumentaryforitsone-sidedpresentationofthesituation.评论家指责那部纪录片片面地反映了当时的事态。TextIITheRomanceofWordsI.OrganizationoftheText1.Author’sappealtobeconsciousaboutthelivingwords(Paragraphs1-3)2.Analogiesofthelivingwords(Paragraphs4-18)I.OrganizationoftheTextA.Therootsofwordstheoriginofwords(6-11)B.Thebranchesofwordswordfamilies(12-15)C.Theleavesofwordswordsandtheirmeanings(16-18)3.Summary(Paragraphs19-21)II.KeyPointsoftheTextParagraph1inordinate:excessive;extreme;beyondreasonablelimitsE.g.:aninordinatecigarette-smoker吸烟无度的人Hehasaninordinatethirst.他极感口渴。Paragraph1Shealwaysspentaninordinatelengthoftimeinthebathroom.她总是要在浴室里呆上好久。in/intocondition:fit;healthyc.f.:outofcondition:notfit;unhealthyParagraph1E.g.:Heknewthathewasoutofconditionfromsittingforsolongintheofficewithoutexercise.inmintcondition:(informal,referringtocoinsthathavejustbeenmadeatamint,agovernmentfactorythatmakesmoney)inperfectcondition;asifnewE.g.:Thecarwasinmintcondition.Paragraph1fastidious:selectingcarefully;choosingonlywhatisgood爱挑剔的；过分讲究的；要求极高的E.g.:afastidiousreader爱挑剔的读者afastidioususerofEnglish使用英语极严谨的人Paragraph1fussy:(derogatory)toomuchconcernedaboutdetails过分注重细节的；需要特别谨慎的；爱挑剔的E.g.:fussybookkeepingprocedures烦琐的簿记程序afussymatter需要谨慎处理的事情benotfussyaboutfood不挑食Paragraph2superscription:thewritingorprintingatthetopoforontheoutsideof(adocument,etc.)题字，题词；铭文；(信件、包裹上的)姓名地址；处方标记(处方上的符号R)E.g.:thesuperscriptiononcoins硬币上的铸文Paragraph3wriggle:makequick,short,twistingandturningmovements蠕动E.g.:Asnakewriggledacrosstheroad.一条蛇蜿蜒游过公路。Hewriggledintohissleepingbag.他扭动身体钻进睡袋。Paragraph3Hewriggledhiswayupthecrack.他沿着裂缝扭动着向上爬。token:anoutwardsign;somethingthatrepresentssomefact,event,feeling,etc.;smallpartrepresentingsomethinggreater标志，象征；表示E.g.:Allthefamilyworeblackasatokenoftheirgrief.全家都穿黑衣致哀。Paragraph3Hedidthatasatokenofgoodfaith.他那样做是为了表示诚意。tokenism:(AmE)装点门面(主义)，表面文章Paragraph3E.g.:Despitepronouncementsaboutbeingcommittedtoendingapartheid,manyU.S.companiesengagemerelyintokenism.许多美国公司尽管公开表示愿意终止种族隔离政策，但只是装点门面而已。Paragraph8contrive:cleverlyinventedordesignedreceptacle:containerforplacingorstoring容器，贮藏所；贮藏器E.g.:Adustbinisareceptacleforrubbish.垃圾箱时盛垃圾的容器。Paragraph8Heisthereceptacleoftoomanycontradictoryhopes.他是个心怀太多矛盾想望的人。Paragraph10snooty:proudlyrude;supercilious目中无人的,高傲自大的snoot:(slang,especiallyAmE)thenose动物的口鼻部,鼻子forthenonce:(informal)forthepresenttime;forthetimebeing暂且;目前Paragraph10haughty:(formal,derogatory)(ofpeopleortheiracts)appearingproud;arrogantwhiledespisingothers倨傲不逊的，傲慢的，神气活现的E.g.:ahaughtyperson(smile)自负的人（微笑）ahaughtygait（若无旁人的）高视阔步Paragraph10treatsomebodywithhaughtycontempt以不屑一顾的傲慢态度对待某人ahaughtyrestaurant气派不凡的大饭店supercilious:scornful;haughty高傲的，傲慢的，目空一切的(supercilium:眉superciliary:眉毛的)Paragraph10inlieuof:inplaceof;insteadof(以)替代Paragraph11byanychance:perhaps,possibly万一；也许E.g.:Doyoubyanychancehaveapenwithyou

你身边也许带着支钢笔吧？Ifbyanychancesomebodycomestoseeme,askhimtoleaveamessage.万一有人找我，就请他留个信。Paragraph11broach:makeaholeinabarreltodrawofftheliquidinside;opentousethecontents;beginadiscussionof钻孔,打孔；开始商讨（一议题）cask:barrel,especiallyforalcoholicdrinks(尤指盛酒精饮料的)桶Paragraph13introspect:examineorbeconcernedwithone’sownthoughts,feelingsandmotives内省，反省Paragraph15ahostof:alargenumberofliable:responsiblebylaw负法律责任的ligament:toughflexibletissue韧带Paragraph18theruninyourstocking:长筒袜上的脱针therunonthebank:挤兑银行存款aruninthebaseball:棒球的得分havetherunofthemill:havethefreedomtouseorvisitthemill可以自由使用或察看磨坊Paragraph18E.g.:Iwasgiventherunoftheirbooks(house).他们允许我随便翻阅他们的书（进出他们的住宅）。Paragraph19luxuriant:growingwell,especiallyinhealthandnumber茂盛的；郁郁葱葱的；(须发等)浓密的E.g.:luxuriantvegetation茂盛的草木aluxuriantforest茂密的森林Shehadluxuriantgoldenhair.她长着密密的金发。Paragraph19luxuriatev.luxuriancen.Paragraph20discordant:inastateofdiscord(声音)不和谐的；刺耳的E.g.:thediscordantnoisesofthetrainstation火车站嘈杂的噪音acrid:(oftasteorsmell)bitter;causingastingingsensation;bitterinmanner;bad-tempered辛辣的，苦的；刺激的；刻薄的；讥讽的Paragraph20E.g.:theacridsmellofgunpowder火药的刺鼻气味UnitTwo

TextITheFineArtofPuttingThingsOff拖延的学问I.LibraryWork1.Chesterfield,PhilipStanhope,4thEarl(伯爵)of,(1694-1773),Englishstatesman,oratorandauthor.Hisliteraryreputationrestuponhisletterstohisillegitimateson,PhilipStanhope,whowasborninHollandin1732.Theletters,filledwithwitandworldlywisdom,werepublishedunderthetitleLetterstoHisSon(1774)I.LibraryWork2.Johnson,Samuel(1709–1784),Englishpoet,critic,andmanofletters,theliterarydictatorofEnglandinthelatterhalfoftheeighteenthcenturyandoneofthemostfamouspersonalitiesofhistime.HeisbestknownforhisDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage(1755),whichisinsomerespectsanI.LibraryWorkinnovationinlexicography.Hehadthestrongestinfluenceofanyofhiscontemporariesontheliterarythoughtandstyleofthelatterpartoftheeighteenthcentury.II.OrganizationoftheText1.Procrastinationdeep-rootedinandinfluentialovervariousaspectsoflife(Paragraphs1–2)A.Earlyexamples(1)B.Modernexamples(2)2.Contradictoryqualitiesofprocrastination(Paragraphs3–8)II.OrganizationoftheTextA.Inspiringandrevivingtowriters(3)B.Prevalenceofprocrastinationinthemilitary,diplomacyandthelaw(4)C.Chronicprocrastinationandpurposefulpostponement(5-6)D.Procrastinationinacademe(7)II.OrganizationoftheTextE.Psychologists’differentexplanationsofthecausestoprocrastination(8)3.Conclusion(Paragraph9)III.KeyPointsoftheTextParagraph1exhort:(formal)urgeoradvisestrongly规劝;告戒E.g.:Theteacherexhortedherstudentstodotheirownresearchwork.Weareexhortednottowasteourtimeonthechatroomonline.Paragraph1elegant:havingthequalitiesofgrace,beauty,andfashion文雅的，雅致的；讲究的，精美的E.g.:elegantmanners优雅的风度anelegantdress漂亮雅致的女服asetofbookswithelegantbindings一套装帧精美的书籍Paragraph1get/comearound/roundto:findtimefor,especiallyafterdelay抽出时间来做（或考虑）E.g.:Thecommitteewillgetroundtoyoursuggestionafterthey’vedealtwithurgentbusiness.Afteralongdelayhegotroundtowritingtheletter.Paragraph1worthy:(sometimeshumorous)apersonofimportance知名人士；杰出人物E.g.:localworthies地方名流Hehadbeenacollegeworthy.他曾是学院里大名鼎鼎的人。Paragraph1cool/kickone’sheels:(colloquial)beforcedtowait;bekeptwaitingE.g.:IhadtokickmyheelsfornearlytwohoursbeforeIcouldseemyboss.anteroom:(alsoantechamber)aroominwhichpeoplewait,asbeforeseeingadoctor(连接正厅的)前厅，候见室Paragraph1attestto:testifyto;serveasanevidencetoaffirm/tobeproofof证明，表明E.g.:Hissuccessatteststohisability.他的成功表明他有能力。ever:(olduseorincombination)always总是，不断地；永远，始终Paragraph1E.g.:Warandsufferinghaveevergonehandinhand.战争和苦难总是结伴而行的。Heisevermakingthesamemistake.他老是犯同样的错误。ever-risingcostsandprices不断上涨的费用和物价Paragraph1dub:give(someone)anunofficialnameornickname给…起绰号；把…称为；授予…称号E.g.:HewasdubbedShortybecauseofhissize.他因身材短小被人取了个矮子的绰号。Theregionisdubbedtheparadiseonearth.这地方被称为人间天堂。Paragraph1cunctation:delayrationalize:attempttoexplainorjustifyone’sactionwithplausiblereasons,eveniftheyarenottrueorappropriateE.g.:Don’trationalizeyourincompetencebyfindingfaultwiththemethod.Paragraph1plead:(formal)giveasanexcuseforanaction提出…为理由；提出…为借口E.g.:Thethiefpleadedpoverty.那贼说是因为贫穷才偷窃的。TheGovernmentpleadedignorance.政府借口不知情。Paragraph1Ipleadedfatigue,andexcusedmyself.我推说疲乏就告退了。edict:anorderorcommand;decreeprocrastination:(formal)arepeateddelay(withoutgoodreason)indoingsomenecessaryactParagraph2do-it-nowers:thosewhoactpromptlyatanungodly6:30p.m.:atanunusuallyearlyhour.Theauthorthinks6:30p.m.israthertooearlyforaplannedformaldinner.ungodly:(informal)veryunreasonable不适当的；不可思议的；令人不能容忍的Paragraph2E.g.:Hecalledatanungodlyhour.他来得很不是时候。eatanungodlyamount食量大得叫人难以相信apocalyptic:(oftenderogatory)forebodingimminentdisasterorfinaldoom预示世界末日恐怖景象的Paragraph2E.g.:anapocalypticimagination充满世界末日恐怖景象的想象力takeanapocalypticviewofthefuture对未来抱极端悲观的看法apocalypse:theshowingofhiddenthings,especiallythetellingofwhatwillhappenwhentheworldends天启，启示；《启示录》；大灾变Paragraph3allthetroubleprocrastinationmayincur:allthetroublethataperson’sdelayinactionmaybringuponhimincur:becomesubjectto(somethingunpleasant)asaresultofone’sownaction招致,引起,带来;遭受,受到E.g.:Thecompanyincurredaheavylossduetomismanagement.Paragraph3incursomebody’sdispleasure(envy)招致某人的不悦(妒忌)incuraprotest惹起抗议incurgreatexpense招致巨额花费geodeticsurvey:landareasurvey大地测量Paragraph3geodetics(=geodesy):scienceoflandareasurvey大地测量学，大地测量术ledge:aflatshelfofrock,especiallyonethatstretchesalongwaybelowthesea(近海岸的)暗礁porcupine:atypeofquitesmallshort-leggedanimalthathasverylongstiffprickles(quills刺)alloveritsbackandsides.Itislargerthanahedgehog(美洲箭猪)豪猪Paragraph4theartofpostponementhadbeenvirtuallyamonopolyofthemilitary…,diplomacyandthelaw:thepracticeofputtingthingsoffhadalmostbeenexclusivelydonebythemilitary,etc.Theimpliedmeaningisthatthemilitary,diplomacy,andthelawarealmosttheworstdelayers.Paragraph4proconsul:(inancientRome)agovernorofapartoftheRomanEmpire;(formalorpompous)anadministratorinacolonyusuallywithwidepowers总督ruminate:(formal)gooverinthemindrepeatedlyandoftenslowly反刍；沉思；反复思考Paragraph4E.g.:Heruminatedover/onthesituationbeforehemadethefinaldecision.Sheruminatedforalongtimebeforesheexpressedheropinion.sling:斯林酒(一种由烈酒、水、糖、柠檬汁等混合而成的饮料)blessedly:happilyParagraph4nattering(natterv.):(BrEinformal)chattering;hence,noisyE.g.:Theynatteredawayforanhouraboutnothing.他们空谈了一个小时。theworld’smostaddictedpostponers:theworld’sworstpostponerswhojustcouldnotfreethemselvesfrompostponingParagraph4addicted:dependentonsomething(usuallyadrug)andunabletostophavingit;enthusiasticallydevotedtoaparticularthingoractivityE.g.:Heisaddictedtococaine/heroin.beaddictedtocomputergamesParagraph4Thenumberofattorneyswhodiewithoutawillisamazing:Itisausualpracticeforpeopletomakeawill,anofficialstatementofthewaytheywishtheirpropertytobesharedoutaftertheirdeathbeforetheydie.Anditisgenerallytheattorneys(AmE)orlawyerswhoadministerthewills.Butattorneysthemselvespostponemakingtheirownwills.Paragraph5echelon:(oftenpluralwithsingularmeaning)(inagroupofpeopleororganization)rank,level阶层E.g.:thetopechelonoftheCivilService文职官员中的最高层theleadingechelonsofagovernment政府的领导阶层Paragraph5thehigher(lower)echelons较高（低）职位的全体人员corporatedynamics:thepatternofgrowth,changeordevelopmentofacorporation企业的动态thecautionthatbreedsdelay:thegreatcarethatcausesdelayParagraph5breed:cause(ausuallyunpleasantconditionorfeeling)todevelopE.g.:Somepeoplebelievethatviolencebreedsviolence.Mosquitoesbreedmalaria.Familiaritybreedscontempt.近之则不逊。Paragraph5fortify:encourage;supportParagraph6flourish:developrapidly.Whenspeakingofaperson,ananimal,etc.,itmeans“growordevelopinahealthyorvigorousway”.E.g.:Thetreesplantedontheschoolcampusareflourishing.Paragraph6We’rehappytoseethesedisabledchildrenflourishintheirfoster-homes(寄养家庭).reappraisal:re-assessment;re-evaluation重新评估；重新评价manylanguagesarestuddedwithphrases:manylanguagesareprovidedwithphrasesParagraph6stud:asmallpieceofmetalwhichisattachedtoasurfaceasadecoration饰钉bestuddedwith:becoveredwithsomethinglikestudsE.g.:theskystuddedwithstarsaseastuddedwithislandsParagraph6languagesstuddedwithphrases:youfindphrasesinlanguagesjustlikestudsapricot:杏子；杏树Paragraph7academe:theacademiccommunity;academics学术界；学术环境takehighhonors:doverywell,earngreatdistinctionchurnoutthreetofivepagesofwritingaday:producethreetofivepagesadayParagraph7churnout:producesomethingroutinelyormechanically,especiallyinlargequantities.Thephraseisusedironicallyand