新视野大学英语第一单元-讲稿课文单词详解

新视野大学英语第一单元-讲稿课文单词详解新视野大学英语第一单元-讲稿课文单词详解新视野大学英语第一单元-讲稿课文单词详解xxx公司新视野大学英语第一单元-讲稿课文单词详解文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度SectionATextATowardabrighterfutureforall1.Goodafternoon!

Aspresidentoftheuniversity,Iamproudtowelcomeyoutothisuniversity.

Yourachievementisthe

triumph

ofyearsofhardwork,bothofyourownandofyourparentsandteachers.

Hereattheuniversity,we

pledge

tomakeyoureducationalexperienceasrewardingaspossible.下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。Meaning:Yourenteringthisuniversityisanimportantsuccess.Thissuccessisduetomanyyearsofyourhardwork,andmanyyearsofyourparents’andteachers’hardwork.Wordsandphrase1.achievementnsomethingverygoodanddifficultthatyouhavesucceededindoing:

e.g.AnOlympicsilvermedalisaremarkableachievementforonesoyoung.2.triumphnbeingsuccessfulorvictorious成功,胜利shoutsoftriumph

greatachievementorsuccess成功v.~(oversb/sth)besuccessfulorvictorioustriumphoverone'sdifficulties战胜困难.3.pledgev~sth(tosb/sth)(fml)promisesolemnlytogive(support,etc);give(one'sword,honour,etc)asapledge保证给予（支持等）;以（誓言﹑名誉等）作担保:pledgeloyaltytotheking发誓效忠国王bepledgedtokeepingasecret誓守秘密.~sb/oneself(tosth/todosth)promisesolemnlythatsb/onewilldosthorsupportacause,etc保证某人[自己]做某事或支持某事业等TheGovernmenthaspledgeditselftosendaidtothefaminevictims.政府已承诺赈济饥民.

[Tn]leave(sth)withsbasapledge典当（某物）:He'spledgedhismother'sweddingring.[Tn](fml)drinktothehealthof(sb);toast(sb)为（某人）的健康祝酒;向（某人）祝酒:pledgethebride（新娘）andbridegroom（新郎）4.rewarding

adjgivingyousatisfaction,pleasure,orprofit值得的；有意义的；有回报的

Ourjourneytotheorphanage(孤儿院)wasaveryrewardingexperience.

Antonym:unrewardingSynonym:satisfying5.as...as

possible

as

+

adj

/

adv

+as

;

as

+

adj

+

n

+

as

尽力做某事的意思

We

have

to

run

as

fast

as

possible.Can

you

say

it

as

loudly

as

possible?I

hope

you’ll

stay

as

long

as

possible.We

need

as

many

apples

as

possible.You

must

come

back

as

soon

as

possible.Wordformationnote:adjsuffix-ing1.-ing加在某些transitiveverb后，构成adj，主要用于表示事物的性质或特征，或某物或某事给人的感觉、情感、印象等。这类词包括welcoming,charming,discouraging,disgusting,frightening,alarming,surprising等。例如：

awelcomingsmile热情的微笑acharminghouseontheoutskirtsofthetown在城镇郊外的一栋漂亮的房analarmingincreaseinhousingprice房价的惊人增长

Asurprisingnumberofmenstaybachelors.有相当多的男子仍然是单身。2.-ing加在intransitiveverb之后，构成adj，表示某事或某人仍然处于某种状态。例如：

arecurringproblem反复出现的问题

hisagingmother他那日渐苍老的母亲

Heworehishairintheprevailingfashion.他的头发理的是当时盛行的发型。.2

Hereattheuniversity,wepledgetomakeyoureducationalexperienceasrewardingaspossible.

Meaning:

Hereattheuniversity,wepromisetomakeyoureducationalexperienceasworthwhileaspossible.2.Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymomtookofmydadandme.

"Pose

naturally,"Mominstructedus.

"Wait!"saidDad,"Let'stakeapictureofmehandinghimanalarmclock."

Theclockwokemeupeverymorningincollege.

Itisstillonmyofficedesk.在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。”“等一等,”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。”在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。Wordsandphrase1.remind

vinform(sb)ofafactortell(sb)todosthhemayhaveforgotten提醒:DoIhavetoremindyouyetagainRemindmetoanswerthatletter.

~sbofsb/sthcausesbtorememberorbenewlyawareofsb/sth使某人回想起或意识到某人[某事物]:Heremindsmeofhisbrother.ThissongremindsmeofFrance.remindernsth.thatmakesyounotice,remember,orthinkaboutsth.起提醒作用的东西

Thecoldservedasareminderthatwinterwasn’tquitefinished.Thewaiterswereclearingthetables,whichservedasareminderthatitwastimetoleave.2.pose

v

(a)[I,Ipr]~(forsb)sitorstandinaparticularpositioninordertobepainted,drawnorphotographed摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）:Hehadtoposewearingalaurelwreath.他得摆好戴着月桂花冠的姿势.*(b)[Tn]put(sb)inaparticularpositioninordertopaint,draworphotographhim使（某人）摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）:Theartistposedhismodelcarefully.那位画家仔细摆好模特儿的姿势.[I](derog贬)behaveinanunnaturaloraffectedwayinordertoimpresspeople装腔作势:Stopposingandtelluswhatyoureallythink.别装蒜啦,告诉我们你的真实想法吧.

posen

1positioninwhichapersonposesorisposed(\o"查找:pose"pose1b)（为画像或拍照而摆的）姿势,姿态:Sheadoptedanelegantpose.她摆了一个优美的姿势.

2(derog贬)unnaturaloraffectedwayofbehaving,intendedtoimpresspeople装腔作势的举动:Hisconcernforthepoorisonlyapose.他对穷人的关心只不过是做做样子罢了.Paraphrase1

Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymomtookofmydadandme.(Para.2)

Meaning:

WhenIamwelcomingyoutothisuniversity,somethingIrememberismyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotomymomtookofmydadandme.3Letmesharewithyousomethingthatyoumaynotexpect.

Youwillmissyourold

routines

andyourparents'reminderstoworkhardand

attain

yourbest.

Youmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithhighschool,andyourparentsmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithdoingyourlaundry!

Butknowthis:Thefutureisbuiltonastrong

foundation

ofthepast.让我来告诉你们一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣，你们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：未来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的。Wordsandphrase1.routine

n[C,U]fixedandregularwayofdoingthings程序;公事;常规:Shefounditdifficulttoestablishanewroutineafterretirement.dosthasamatterofroutine按常规办事[attrib作定语]routinetasks,chores,duties,etc日常工作﹑日常事务﹑例行职责.

[C]setsequenceofmovementsinadanceorsomeotherperformance舞蹈等表演的成套动作:gothroughadanceroutine做一套舞蹈动作.

routineadjusual;habitual;regular通常的;惯例的;例行的:theroutineprocedure例行手续*routinemaintenance定期的保养*routinelyadv.2.attain

v[Tn]succeedingetting(sth);achieveattainapositionofpower获得权位attainone'sgoal,objective,ambition,etcattainourtargetof50000达到我们的50000英镑的目标.

attainableadjthatcanbeattainedTheseobjectivesarecertainlyattainable.attainmentn[U]successinreaching达到;到达:Theattainmentofherambitionswasstilladream.她要实现抱负仍是一种梦想.

[Cusupl]thingattained,espskillorknowledge成就;造诣:ascholarofthehighestattainments造诣极高的学者.3.finished

adj[pred]

(notbeforenoun)nolongerdoing,dealingwith,orusingsth.~(withsb/sth)(infml口)Iwon'tbefinishedforanotherhour.我还有一个小时才能完事.Areyoufinishedwithmytoolsyet我的工具你用完了吗

Shedecidedshewasfinishedwithworkingforothers.她决定不再为别人做事.4.mayhavedonesth.:

usedfortalkingaboutpastpossibilities

Shemighthavechangedhermindanddecidednottocome.5.foundation

n

[U]actoffounding(aninstitution,organization,etc)建立,创立,创办:thefoundationoftheuniversity

[C](a)(organizationsetuptoprovide)sumsofmoneyforresearch,charity,etc（为研究﹑慈善事业等提供的）基金,基金会:Youmaybeabletogetsupportfromanartsfoundation.[Cusupl]layerofbricks,concrete,etcformingthesolidbaseofabuildingunderground地基;房基;基础:laythefoundationsofabuilding给建筑物奠基[C,U]principle,ideaorfactonwhichsthisbased;basis（作为某事的）基本原则﹑思想或事实;基础:laythefoundationsofone'scareer奠定个人事业的基础*Thatrumorhasnofoundation.那谣言没有事实根据.Grammar一、情态动词用于对现在内容推测的常见句型有：1、Can/maydosth：表示对现在内容的可能性的推测；2、Mustdosth：表示对现在内容的肯定性的推测。二、情态动词用于对过去内容推荐的常见句型：1、can/mayhavedonesth：表示对过去内容的可能性；2、musthavedonesth：表示对过去内容的肯定性的推测。例：It

must

have

rained

last

night,

for

the

road

is

wet.

He

may

have

got

lost.MrGreenmusthavefailedtoreceivemyletter,otherwisehewouldhavereplied.Ibelievehemusthavehadanaccident,otherwisehewouldhavearrivedontime.

Collocationnote:

1．do是最常见的表示“做”的动词。

e.g.TodayIhavealotofworktodo.2．do常常和表示锻炼或劳动等方面的名词或动名词连用。e.g.dophysicalexercise/thedishes/one’scookingParaphrase1.

Youwillmissyouroldroutinesandyourparents’reminderstoworkhardandattainyourbest.(Para.3)

Meaning:

Youwillmissyourusuallifepatternsandyourparents’remindingwordsthatyoushouldworkhardandachievethebestyoucan.

2.Youmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithhighschool,andyourparentsmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithdoingyourlaundry!(Para.3)

Meaning:

Perhapsyouweresohappythatyoucriedbecauseatlastyoufinishedhighschool,andperhapsyourparentsweresohappythattheycriedbecauseeventuallytheywouldn’thavetodoyourlaundryanymore!Note:

Payattentiontothehumorthepresidentcreatesbycontrastingthedifferentresponsesfromchildrenandtheirparents—theyallcried,butfordifferentreasons!3.Butknowthis:Thefutureisbuiltonastrongfoundationofthepast.(Para.3)

Meaning:

Butyoushouldknowthatyourfuturecanonlybeattainedwhenitisbuiltonasolidpast.4

Foryou,thesenextfouryearswillbeatimeunlikeanyother.

Hereyouaresurroundedbygreat

resources:interestingstudentsfromalloverthecountry,alearnedandcaring

faculty,a

comprehensive

library,greatsports

facilities,andstudentorganizationscoveringeverypossibleinterest—fromtheartstoscience,to

community

serviceandsoon.

Youwillhavethefreedomto

exploreandlearnaboutnewsubjects.

Youwilllearntogetbyonverylittlesleep,meet

fascinating

people,and

pursue

new

passions.

Iwanttoencourageyoutomakethemostofthis

unique

experience,andtouseyourenergyand

enthusiasm

to

reap

the

benefits

ofthis

opportunity.对你们而言，接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里，你们拥有丰富的资源：有来自全国各地的有趣的学生，有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师，有综合性图书馆，有完备的运动设施，还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油，学着结交充满魅力的人，学着去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历，并用你们的干劲和热情去收获这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。Wordsandphrase1.unlikeadj[pred作表语]dissimilar;differentTheyaresounlikenobodywouldbelievetheyweresisters.prepdifferentfrom(sth);notlike与（某事物）不同;不像...:Herlatestnovelisquiteunlikeherearlierwork.2.resource

n

[Cusupl]supplyofrawmaterials,etcwhichbringacountry,person,etcwealth资源:richinnatural,mineral,agricultural,etcresources自然的﹑矿产的﹑农业的...资源丰富](fml)ingenuityorquickwit;initiative才智;机敏;创造精神:amanofgreatresource足智多谋的男子.3.learned:

a.(fml.)learnedpeoplehavealotofknowledgebecausetheyhavereadandstudiedalot有学问的；博学的

MyadvisorisaverylearnedpersonandshecouldansweranyquestionIasked.4.caring:

a.thinkingaboutwhatotherpeopleneedorwantandtryingtohelpthem关心他人的；乐于助人的

Theschoolprovidesacaringenvironmentforstudents.学校为学生提供了充满关怀的环境。5.faculty[Cusuallyplural]anaturalabilitytohear,see,think,move,etc:thefacultyofsight视力thementalfaculties智力[C]~of/fordoingsthaspecialabilitytodoaparticularthing做某事物的特殊才能:haveagreatfacultyforlearninglanguages有学习语言的才能.

Shehasafacultyforinspiringconfidenceinpeople.(AmE)alltheteachersofaparticularuniversityorcollege大学的全体教员.facultymembers6.facility

n

[U,sing]abilitytolearnordothingseasily容易学好或做好事物的能力:have(a)greatfacilityfor(learning)languages有（学习）语言的天才Heplaysthepianowithsurprisingfacility.他弹奏钢琴神乎其技.

facilities[pl]circumstances,equipment,etcthatmakeitpossible,oreasier,todosth;aids能够或易於做某事的环境﹑设备等;辅助物:`sportsfacilities运动设施facilitiesforstudy有助学习的设施munityn.[sing]thepeoplelivinginoneplace,districtorcountry,consideredasawhole社区;团体;集体;社会:workforthegoodofthecommunity为集体利益服务communityservice社会服务工作n.groupofpeopleofthesamereligion,race,occupation,etc,orwithsharedinterests宗教信仰﹑种族﹑职业等方面相同的人构成的集体:theChinesecommunityinParis在巴黎的华侨团体acommunityofmonks僧侣团体.8.getby(onsth)managetolive,survive,etc(usingthespecifiedresources);manage;cope（靠某物）勉强维生;设法维持;对付:HowdoesshegetbyonsuchasmallsalaryHegetsbyonverylittlemoney.9.on:

prep.

1)eatingordrinkingaparticulartypeoffoodordrinkinordertostayalive靠…生存

Usingacaveasshelter,themansurvivedonwildberriesandrawfish.这个人以山洞为住所，靠吃野果和生鱼活了下来。

2)usingaparticulartypeoffuelorelectricalpowerinordertooperate靠…运行

Whycan’twemakeacarthatrunsonwater我们为什么不能制造出靠水力行驶的汽车呢

10.fascinatingadjextremelyinteresting:

Thebookoffersafascinatingglimpseofthelivesoftherichandfamous.11.pursue

v[Tn](fml)follow(sb/sth),espinordertocatchorkill;chasepursueawildanimal,athief(continueto)beoccupiedorbusywith(sth);goonwith进行Shedecidedtopursueherstudiesafterobtainingherfirstdegree.Ihavedecidednottopursue(ieinvestigate)thematteranyfurther.12reapvtocutandcollectacrop,especiallycorn,fromafieldSowthewindand,reapthewhirlwind(saying)播种的是风,收割的是暴风startsththatseemsfairlyharmlessandhavetosufferunforeseenconsequencesthatareseriousordisastrous原无大害的事,後果却不堪设想.(fig)receive(sth)asaresultofone'sownorothers'actions获得reaptherewardofyearsofstudy从多年研究中获得报偿Paraphrase1.Foryou,thesenextfouryearswillbeatimeunlikeanyother.(Para.4)

Meaning:

Foryou,thenextfouryearsinuniversitywillbedifferentfromanyotherperiodoftimeinyourlife.2.

Hereyouaresurroundedbygreatresources:interestingstudentsfromalloverthecountry,alearnedandcaringfaculty,acomprehensivelibrary,greatsportsfacilities,andstudentorganizationscoveringeverypossibleinterest—fromtheartstoscience,tocommunityserviceandsoon.(Para.4)

Meaningbeyondwords:

Herethepresidentisintroducingtostudentsthemanyresourcesavailableoncampus:interestingschoolmates,knowledgeableandhelpfulteachers,abiglibrary,greatsportsequipment,variousstudentorganizations,etc.Allthesewillhelpmakestudents’campuslifecolorfulandfulfilling.

3.Youwillhavethefreedomtoexploreandlearnaboutnewsubjects.(Para.4)

Meaning:

Youwillhavethefreedomtoexamineandlearnaboutnewsubjects.4.Youwilllearntogetbyonverylittlesleep,meetfascinatingpeople,andpursuenewpassions.(Para.4)

Meaning:

Youwilllearntomanagewithverylittlesleep,meetveryinterestingpeople,andfindnewinterests.5.

Iwanttoencourageyoutomakethemostofthisuniqueexperience,andtouseyourenergyandenthusiasmtoreapthebenefitsofthisopportunity.(Para.4)

Meaning:

Iwanttoencourageyoutodoallyoucantotakeadvantageofthisspecialexperience,andtouseyourenergyandpassiontobenefitfromthischance.5

Youmayfeel

overwhelmed

bythewealthofcourses

available

toyou.

Youwillnotbeabletoexperiencethemall,but

samplethemwidely!

Collegeoffersmanythingstodoandtolearn,andeachofthemoffersadifferentwaytoseetheworld.

IfIcouldgiveyouonlyonepieceofadviceaboutselectingcourses,itwouldbethis:

Challengeyourself!

Don't

assume

thatyouknowinadvancewhatfieldswillinterestyouthemost.

Takesomecoursesinfieldsyou'venevertriedbefore.

Youwillnotonly

emerge

asamorebroadlyeducatedperson,butyouwillalsostandabetterchanceofdiscoveringanunsuspectedpassionthatwillhelptoshapeyourfuture.

Awonderfulexampleofthisisthefashiondesigner,

VeraWang,whooriginallystudiedarthistory.

Overtime,Wangpairedherstudiesinarthistorywithherloveoffashionandturneditintoapassionfordesign,whichmadeherafamousdesigneraroundtheworld.有这么多课程可供选择，你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程，但是要尽可能体验更多的课程！大学里有很多事情可做可学，每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话，那就是：挑战自己！不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样，你不仅会变得更加博学，而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇，她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移，王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来，并将其转化为对设计的热情，从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。overwhelmv[Tnusupassive]cover(sth/sb)completelybyflowingoverorpouringdownonit/him（以浇或灌的方式）淹没Agreatmassofwateroverwhelmedthevillage.大水淹没了村庄.(fig)beoverwhelmedwithgrief,sorrow,despair,etc陷入悲哀﹑悲痛﹑绝望等之中(fig)Overwhelmedwithgratitude感激万分(b)overpower(sb/sth),espbyforceofnumbers;defeat压倒,制服（以数量胜）;击败:beoverwhelmedbytheenemyoverwhelmingadj[attrib]toogreattoresistorovercome;verygreat压倒一切的无法抗拒的;巨大的:anoverwhelmingurgetosmoke不可遏止的吸烟冲动anoverwhelmingvictory极大的胜利theoverwhelmingmajorityofpeople压倒性多数.wealth

n[U](possessionofa)largeamountofmoney,property,etc;riches财富Wealthhadnotbroughtthemhappiness.[sing]~ofsthlargeamountornumberofsth;abundanceofsth大量,众多,abookwithawealthofillustrations有大量插图的书awealthofopportunity

wealthyadj(-ier,-iest)richwealthilyadv.available

adj[notusuallybeforenoun](ofthings)thatcanbeusedorobtainedYouwillbeinformedwhenthebookbecomesavailable.这本书有货时就通知你.Thereisnomoneyavailableforthisproject.(ofpeople)freetobeseen,talkedto,etcI'mavailableintheafternoon.我下午有空.availabilityn[U].sample

n货样;样品;标本abloodsample血样Thesurveycoversarepresentativesampleofthepopulation这项调查涉及到社会各阶层的人士.smallamountofaproductgivenawayfree免费分发的小量试样;赠样:handoutfreesamplesoftheperfume送出香水的赠样asamplepack,sachet,etc馈赠的小包﹑小袋等样品.

vtryoutorexamine(sth)bytakingasampleorbyexperiencingit抽样检查samplethedelightsofChinesefood品尝中国美食assume

vaccept(sth)astruebeforethereisproof假定;假设;设想;以为:Iamassumingthatthepresentsituationisgoingtocontinue.putonordisplay(sth)falsely;pretend装作;装出;假装:assumeignorance,indifference,anairofconcern,etc假装不知情/不在乎/关心

begintoactinorexercise(sth);undertake;takeon开始从事;承担;担任;呈:assumeoffice就职Heassumeshisnewresponsibilitiesnextmonth.他下月承担新任务.standachance(ofsth/ofdoingsth)haveachanceof(achieving)sthHestandsa(good/fair)chanceofpassingtheexamination.他考试及格很有希望.suspect

vtothinkorbelievesomethingtobetrueorprobableMostpeopledon't,Isuspect,realizethis.Whatshesaidsoundedconvincing,butIsuspectittobealie.feeldoubtabout(sth);mistrustIsuspectthetruthofherstatement.~sb(ofsth/doingsth)feelthatsbisguiltyofsth,withoutcertainproofWhatmadeyoususpectherofhavingtakenthemoney?unsuspected

adjectivenotknownorthoughttoexist:

anunsuspectedtalent/complication/problem/illnessovertimegraduallyForgoodorbad,thingswillchangeovertime.6Hereattheuniversity,itmaynotalwaysbepleasanttohavesomanynewexperiencesallatonce.

Inyourdorm,thestudentnextdoormayrepeatedlyplaytheonesong,whichgivesyoua

giant

headache!

Youmaybeanearlybirdwhileyour

roommate

isanight

owl!

Andstill,youandyourroommatemaybecomebestfriends.

Don'tworryifyoubecomealittleuncomfortablewithsomeofyournewexperiences.

Ipromiseyouthatthehappyexperienceswilloutweightheunpleasantones.

AndIpromisethatvirtually

allofthemwillprovideyouwithvaluablelessonswhichwill

enrich

yourlife.

So,witha

glow

inyoureyeandasonginyourheart,stepforwardtomeetthesenewexperiences!在大学里，一下子拥有这么多新鲜体验可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里，住在你隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌，令你头痛欲裂！你可能喜欢早起，而你的室友却是个夜猫子！尽管如此，你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经历让你感觉不那么舒心，不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训，从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以，带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情，去拥抱这些新的体验吧！earlybird

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