《商务英语视听说（第1册）》课件unit 10

Unit10

BusinessEthicsPeopleofthesametradeseldommeettogether,evenformerrimentanddiversion,buttheconversationendsinaconspiracyagainstthepublic,orinsomecontrivancetoraiseprices.

—AdamSmith

WhenIdogood,Ifeelgood;whenIdobad,Ifeelbad.That’smyreligion.

—AbrahamLincoln

Quotation

AdamSmith(16June1723–17July1790)wasaScottisheconomist,philosopher,andauthor.Hewasamoralphilosopher,apioneerofpoliticaleconomy,andwasakeyfigureduringtheScottishEnlightenmentera.Heisbestknownfortwoclassicworks:TheTheoryofMoralSentiments(1759),andAnInquiryintotheNatureandCausesoftheWealthofNations(1776).Thelatter,usuallyabbreviatedasTheWealthofNations,isconsideredhismagnumopusandthefirstmodernworkofeconomics.

Smithlaidthefoundationsofclassicalfreemarketeconomictheory.TheWealthofNationswasaprecursortothemodernacademicdisciplineofeconomics.Inthisandotherworks,hedevelopedtheconceptofdivisionoflabour,andexpoundeduponhowrationalself-interestandcompetitioncanleadtoeconomicprosperity.AdamSmith

AbrahamLincoln(February12,1809–April15,1865)wasanAmericanpoliticianandlawyerwhoservedasthe16thPresidentoftheUnitedStatesfromMarch1861untilhisassassinationinApril1865.LincolnledtheUnitedStatesthroughitsCivilWar—itsbloodiestwarandperhapsitsgreatestmoral,constitutional,andpoliticalcrisis.Indoingso,hepreservedtheUnion,pavedthewaytotheabolitionofAbrahamLincolnslavery,strengthenedthefederalgovernment,andmodernizedtheeconomy.Lead-inConversationContentsBusinessNewsPassageChineseandInternationalCultureTourUnit10Lead-in-1|Vocabulary1.ethic:n.moralbeliefsandrulesaboutrightandwrong

Suchactionwasaviolationofmedicalethics.Theairlinehopestoimprovepunctualitynextyear.2.punctuality:n.

thequalityofbeingpunctuale.g.e.g.这种行为违背了医学道德。这家航空公司希望明年在准点上做出改善。Lead-in-1|VocabularyIegrity:n.

honestandfirminyourmoralprinciplese.g.4.enforcement:n.insuringobservanceoforobedienceto

Thedoctorswantstricterenforcementofexistinglaws.e.g.我一直把他当作一个正直诚实的人。医生们希望现行法律的执行能更严格。Lead-in-2|Vocabulary1.hospitality:n.

friendly,welcomingbehaviourtowardguestsorpeopleyouhavejustmet2.bonus:n.

anextraamountofmoneythatisaddedtosomeone’spay,usuallybecausetheyhaveworkedveryharde.g.e.g.Wewillalwaysrememberhisgeneroushospitality.我们将永远记得他的慷慨好客。大公司的工人，工资很大一部分是奖金和加班费。Workersinbigfirmsreceiveasubstantialpartoftheirpayintheformofbonusesandovertime.Lead-in-2|Vocabulary3.irritate:v.

Ifsomethingirritatesyou,itkeepsannoyingyou.4.exploit:v.

to

treatsomebodyunfairlybyusinghis/herworkorideasandgivinghim/herverylittleinreturne.g.e.g.Theirattitudeirritatesme.他们的态度激怒了我。批评家们声称他为私利利用了黑人音乐家们。Criticsclaimheexploitedblackmusiciansforpersonalgain.Conversation-3|Vocabulary1.journalist:n.

apersonwhosejobistocollectnewsandwriteaboutitfornewspapers,magazines,television,orradio

2.professional:adj.

ofaveryhighstandarde.g.e.g.Asajournalistofafamousjournal,hejourneyedfrequently.作为一家知名期刊的新闻记者，他常常旅行。Theyrunitwithatrulyprofessionalbutpersonaltouch.他们以真正专业而个性化的方式经营它。Conversation-3|Vocabulary3.exaggerate:v.

worseormoreimportantthanitreallyis

e.g.HethinksI’mexaggerating.他认为我在夸大其词。1.perceive:v.

Ifyouperceivesomeoneorsomethingasdoingorbeingaparticularthing,itisyouropinionthattheydothisthingorthattheyarethatthing.

2.fraudulent：adj.

deliberatelydeceitful,dishonest,oruntruee.g.e.g.Conversation-4|VocabularyStressiswidelyperceivedascontributingtoheartdisease.Theyclaimthatthefallinunemploymentisbasedonafraudulentmanipulationofstatistics.他们声称失业率的下降是基于对统计作了欺骗性的操纵。压力普遍被认为能造成心脏病。3.fudge：v.toavoidmakingaclearanddefinitedecision,distinction,orstatementaboutit

4.

reinin:tocontrole.g.e.g.Conversation-4|VocabularyBothhavefudgedtheircalculationsandavoidedspecifics.Manypeoplehavebegunlookingforlong-termwaystoreininspending.双方都模糊处理了其计算结果并回避了细节。很多人已经开始寻找控制开支的长远方式。

5.irregularity:n.somethingthatdoesnothappenatregularintervalse.g.Conversation-4|Vocabulary

aslightlyirregularityinhisheartbeat他略微的心律不齐。6.

suspicious:adj.Ifyouaresuspiciousofsomeoneorsomething,youdonottrustthem,andarecarefulwhendealingwiththem.e.g.Conversation-4|VocabularyHewasrightlysuspiciousofmeetingmeuntilIreassuredhimIwasnotwritingabouthim.他对于见我充满疑虑，直到我向他再次保证我不是在写有关他的东西。1.congress:n.Acongressisalargemeetingthatisheldtodiscussideasandpolicies.

2.convene:v.Ifsomeoneconvenesameetingorconference,theyarrangeforittotakeplace.e.g.e.g.BusinessNews-1|Vocabularynationalpeople’scongressTheyconvenedameetingofthemembersoftheclub.全国人民代表大会他们召开了一次俱乐部会员大会。3.keynote:n.

Thekeynoteofapolicy,speech,orideaisthemainthemeofitorthepartofitthatisemphasizedthemost.

4.dub:v.

Ifsomeoneorsomethingisdubbedaparticularthing,theyaregiventhatdescriptionorname.e.g.e.g.BusinessNews-1|VocabularyHewouldbesettingouthisplansforthepartyinakeynotespeech.Today’ssessionhasbeenwidelydubbedasa“makeorbreak”meeting.他将在一次主题发言中陈述他对该政党的规划。今天的会议被大众称为“不成则散”的会议。BusinessNews-1|NotesCongressoftheInternationalSocietyofBusiness,Economics,andEthics(ISBEE)国际经济伦理代表大会InternationalSocietyofBusiness,Economics,andEthics(ISBEE)isthefirstworldwideprofessionalassociationtofocusexclusivelyonthestudyofbusiness,economics,andethics.Itsprofessionalorientationinvolvespeoplenotonlywithacademiccompetenciesbutalsowithpracticalcompetenciesinresponsiblemanagementpositions(suchasvice-presidentsandissuemanagers)andentrepreneursofmedium-sizeandsmallcompanies.Individualmembershipconsistsofacademicians,managersofbusinessfirmsandofnot-for-profitorganizations,andotherswhohaveaninterestinbusinessethics.Organizationalmembershipincludescompaniesandotherorganizations.ISBEEisstronglyinternationalincharacterwithmembersfromaroundtheworld.BusinessNews-1|Notes2.ShanghaiAcademyofSocialSciences上海社会科学院TheShanghaiAcademyofSocialSciences(SASS)wasfoundedin1958andisChina’soldestinstitutionforthehumanitiesandsocialsciences.Itisthecountry’ssecondlargestsuchinstitution,aftertheChineseAcademyofSocialSciences(CASS)inBeijing.BesidesfundsfromthemunicipalgovernmentofShanghai,theacademydrawsfinancialsupportfromnon-governmentalsourcesathomeandabroad.BusinessNews-1|Notes3.ChinaAssociationofEthics中国伦理协会ItwasfoundedinJune1980.ItisanationalsocialorganizationsupervisedbytheChineseAcademyofSocialSciencesandapprovedbytheMinistryofCivilAffairs.Itsmembersarecomposedofprofessionalethicsworkersandsocialworkerswhoareinterestedinthecauseofmoralconstruction.1.legislature:n.

egrity:n.

beinghonestandfirminmoralprinciples

e.g.e.g.BusinessNews-2|VocabularythenationallegislatureIhavealwaysregardedhimasamanofintegrity.国家立法机构我一直把他当作一个正直诚实的人。BusinessNews-2|Vocabulary3.fabricate:v.

vision:n.

Aprovisioninalaworanagreementisanarrangementwhichisincludedinit.e.g.Allfourclaimthatofficersfabricatedevidenceagainstthem.Hebackedaprovisionthatwouldallowjudgestodelaygrantingadivorcedecreeinsomecases.4人全部声称官员们伪造了不利于他们的证据。他支持允许法官在有些情况下推迟离婚判决的规定。5.minor:n.

Aminorisapersonwhoisstilllegallyachild.InmoststatesintheUnitedStates,peopleareminorsuntiltheyreachtheageofeighteen.e.g.BusinessNews-2|Vocabulary这一做法实际上已经终止了向未成年人出售香烟。Theapproachhasvirtuallyendedcigarettesalestominors.BusinessNews-2|NotesNationalPeople’sCongress(NPC)StandingCommittee全国人民代表大会常务委员会TheStandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeople’sCongress(NPCSC)isacommittee