自学考试《英语》真题含答案分析

202X年下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）卷子（答案在题后）（课程代码00015）PARTONE（50POINTS）I.Vocabularyandstructure（10points,1pointforeachitem）从以下各句四个选项中选出一个最正确答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。Undernocircumstances betrayourfriendsforpersonalbenefit.A.didweB.weshouldC.shouldweD.wecouldIlissaid（hatnocity NewYorkattractssomanypeopleofdifferentcultures.A.otherthanB.betterthanC.morethanD.ratherthanWithsuchapoorscoreintheentranceexam,it's_impossibleforhimt（）beadmittedtothisuniversity.A.roughlyB.absolutelyC.fullyD.exclusivelyAformaldressis toacasualoneforsuchanoccasion.A. suitable B. favorableC. fashionable D. preferableThebookisreservedto comesfirst.A. whoever B. whomever C.whomD.whoTheyallvotedforhimintheelection, wastObeexpected.A.whalB.soC.asD.thatHowisit youransweronthepaperisalmostthesameashisA.whatB.ifC.thatD.soOnhearingthenews,hefeltawaveofanger withinhim.A.arisingB.risingC.arousingD.raisingIoftendreamofParisbutTveneverbeenthere.It'smeplace .A.whereI'dliketovisitB.that1wanttovisititmostC.inwhich1liketovisit D.ImostwanttovisitPracticingimproperly,youarelikelyto somebadhabits.A.pickupB.keepupC.drawupD.catchupClozeTest（10points,Ipointforeachitem）以下短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。依据上下文要求选出最正确答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。Increasingly,overthepasttenyears,people—especiallyyoungpeople—havebecomeawareoftheneedtochangetheireatinghabils。becausemuchofthefoodtheyeatparticularlyprocessedfood,isnotgoodforthehealth._11,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods：foodswhichdonotcontainaddilives（添力口物）andwhichhavenotbeen_12bychemicalfertilizers（肥料）.Naturalfoodsarevegetables»fruitandgrainwhichhavebeengrownin 13_thatisrichinorganic(有机的)matter.14_simpleterms,thismeansthatthesoilhasbeenbyunusedvegetablematter,whichprovidesitwithvitaminsandminerals.Thisinitselfisanaturalprocesscomparedwiththeuseofchemicalsandfertilizers,themainpurposeof_16 istoincreasetheamount—butnotthe_17 —offoodsgrownincommercialfarmingareas.Naturalfoodsalsoincludeanimalswhichhavebeenallowedtofeedandmove_18inhealthypastures(牧草场).Comparethiswithwhathappensinthemassproductionofpoultry：therearebatteryfarms,forexample,wherethousandsofchickenslivecrowdedtogetherinonebuildingandarefedonfoodwhichis_19 asfood,andtheireggslackD.affectedD.enricheddemandD.randomlyD.valuelessbetterasfood,andtheireggslackD.affectedD.enricheddemandD.randomlyD.valuelessI8.A.Accidentally I8.C.Subsequently D.ConclusivelyA.effectedB.interfered C.disturbedsoilB.earthC.fieldD.landA.A.InB.ByC.ForD.OnA.flourishedB.nourishedC.furnishedA.which B.it C.thatD.ihisA.quantityB.qualityC.supplyD.A.casuallyB.occasionallyC.freelyA.much B.farC.even D.littleA.nutrientB.abundantC.tastelessDI.ReadingComprehension(30points,2pointsforeachitem)从以下每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最正确答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。Passage OneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Todaypeopleallovertheworldarebeginningtohearandlearnmoreandmoreabouttheproblemofpollution.Pollutioniscausedeitherbyman'sreleaseofcompletelynewandoftenartificialsubstancesintotheenvironment,orbyreleasinggreatlyincreasedamountsofnaturalsubstance,suchasoilfromoiltankersintothesea.Thewholeindustrialprocess,whichmakesmanyof(hegoodsandmachinesweneedanduseinourdailylife,isboundtocreateanumberofwasteproductswhichupsettheecologicalbalance.Manyof(hosewasteproductscanbedisposedofsensibly,butwhenmorenewgoodsareproduced,therewillbenew,dangerouswastestobedisposedof.Manypeople,therefore,seepollutionasonlypartofthelargerandmorecomplexproblem—thewholeprocessofindustrialproductionandconsumptionofgoods.Othersagainseetheproblemmainlyinconnectionwithagriculture,wherenewmethodsmakefarmersgrowmoreontheirlandtofeedpopulation.However,thelanditselfisgraduallybecomingwornoutasitisbe-mgused.Chemicalmixturecannotrestorethebalance.Whateveritsunderlyingcauses,thereisnodoubt(hatmuchofthepollutionproblemcouldbecontrolledifonlyeveryonewouldmakemoreeffort.Inthehomethereisanobviousneedtocontrollittleandwaste.Foodcomeswrappedupthreeorfourlimesinpackagesthatallhavetobedisposedof；drinksareincreasinglysoldinbottlesortinswhichcannotbereused.Thisnotonlycausesalitterproblem,butalsoisagreatwasteofresources.Advertisinghashelpedthisprocessbypersuadingmanyofusnotonlytobuythingsweneitherwantnorneedbuttothrowawaymuchofwhatwedobuy.Sowecallsolvepollutionproblemsbycuttingoutexcessconsumption,unnecessarybuyandsoon.WhenwcsaythatpeoplearcbeginningtohearandlearnmoreandmoreaboutTheproblemofpollution,wemeanthat .thisproblemisbecomingthecenterofpublicconcernpeopleareusingproductslargelymadeofnewandoftenartificialsubstancesthemediaispayingmoreandmoreattentiontothisproblempeoplearcbeingbettereducatedabouttheproblemofpollutionThemajorenvironmentalproblemcausedbyindustrialprocessis .theincreasedproductionofnewgoodsthecreationoOfnewproductsthesensibledisposaloftheincreasingindustrialwastesthecreationofnewwastesThemajorenvironmentalproblemwithagricultureiscausedby .theincreasedpopulationfarmershavetofeedtheworn-outfarmlandtherestorationofthebalanceofthefarmlandthenewmethodsoffarminginvolvingtheuseofchemicalfertilizerInthelastparagraph,itisimpliedthat .(hepackagingproblemonlymakesthepollutionworsepeopleshouldconsumelesstopreventmeproblemofpollutionadvertisingplaysapositiveroleincontrollingtheproblemofpollution(heproblemofpollutioncanonlybesolvedifwebuylessThepassagemainlydealswith .(hecausesofpollutionandpossiblesolutionspollutioninabroadsensetheecologicalbalancetheindustrialandagriculturalpollutionPassageTwoQuestions26to31arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Hippiesweremembersofayouthmovementofthe1960,sand1970'sthatstartedin(heUnitedStalesandspreadtoCanada,GreatBritain,andmanyothercouniries.Thehippiesrejectedthecustoms,traditions,andlifestylesofsocietyandtriedtodevelopthoseoftheirown.Mosthippiescamefromwhitemiddle-classfamiliesandrangedinagefrom15to25yearsold.Theythoughttoomanyadultscaredaboutmakingmoneyandlittleelse.Theterm"hippie"mayhavecomefromtheword"hip",whichmeans"tuned-inz/or"aware”.Hippieswantedaworldbasedonloveofhumanityandpeace.Manybelievedthatwonderful,magicalchangewereabouttotakeplace.Theythoughtthesechangeswouldhappenassoonaspeoplelearnedtoexpresstheirfeelingshonestlyandtobehavenaturallyatalltimes.HippiesstronglyopposedU.S.involvementintheVietnamWar.Manyhippieslivedtogetherinsmallgroups,workingwithoneanotherandsharingpossessions.Othersrefusedtobelieddowntoafixedjoborhome.Theywanderedfromplacetoplaceseekingpart-timeworkandtemporaryshelter.Somebeggedforsparechangeandlivedinthestreetsorcampedinparksorotherpubliclands.Hippiesweresometimescalled"flowerchildrenz/becausetheygavepeopleflowerstocommunicategentlenessandlove.Theyworelonghairandwalkedbarefootorinsandals（拖鞋）.Hippiesattractedpublicattentionbywearingclothingthatfeaturedunusualcombinationsofcolorsandtextures.Alargeumberofhippiesusedmarijuana*LSD,andOtherdrugs.Drugexperiencesshapedtheirideas.TheBeatles,apopularEnglishrockgroup,helpedspreadthehippiemovementwiththeirsongs.HippiefavoritesincludedotherrockgroupsastheGratefulDeadandtheJeffersonAirplane,singersJoanBaezandBobDylan,poetAllenGinXerg,andnovelistKenKesey.ManyhippiesadmiredTimothyLeary,apsychologistwhopreachedsalvation（挽救）throughtheuseofdrugs.Intime,mosthippiesrealizeditwasnoteasytoreformsocietyby"droppingout"ofit.Somejoinedmoreorganizedpoliticalmovementstoworkforspecificsocialcauses.Othersturnedtospiritualityorreligion.Themajoritysimplyleftthehippiestageoftheir1ivesbehindwhiletryingtoholdontoatleastafewoftheidealsthatonceinspiredthem.Whichof（hefollowingisaproperdescriptionof（hehippiesHippiesvaluedindependenceanddidn'tliketolivetogetherorsharepossessions.Hippiestendedtosticktoonejobforever.Hippiestookdrugstoescapefromthemiserablesociety.Hippiestriedtoestablishtheirownlifestyles.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethathippiescalledthemselves"hippies"because_theywanted（obedifferentandindependenttheywantedpeopletobeawareofthenecessityforradicalchangestheyconsideredtraditionalvaluesworthlesstheybeggedpeopletonoticethechangesaroundthemselvesAccordingtothepassage,theTRUEstatementis .manyhippieshadtobegbecausenofirmswouldhirethemTimothyLeary>apreacher,wastheleaderofthehippiemovementdrugshadaveryimportant,influenceonhippies5ideasthehippieniovemcntwasfirstknowntotheBritishpeoplethroughtheBeatlessongsFromthelastparagraph,Weleamthatthehippiemovementfinallydeclinedbecausemostofthehippies .turnedtomoreactivewaystoreformsocietylosthopeforabettersocietyjoinedmoreorganizedpoliticalmovementsgaveupsomeoftheiroriginalideasWhichofthefollowingwordsrepresentstheauthor'sattitudetowardsthehippiemovementA.CriticismB.ObjectivityC.IndifferenceD.EnthusiasmPassageThreeQuestions31to35arebasedOnthefollowingpassage.IcametoliveherewhereIamnowbetweenWoundedKneeCreekandGrassCreek.OtherIndiansfollowed,andwemadetheselittlegrayhousesofwoodthatyousee,andtheyareSquare.Itisabadwaytolive,fortherecanbenopowerinasquare.YouhavenoticedthateverythingallIndiandoesisinacircle,andthatisbecausethePoweroftheWorldalwaysworksincircle,andeverythingtendstoberound.Intheolddayswhenwewereastrongandhappypeople,allourpowercametousfromtheholyhoop(圣环)ofthenation,andsolongasthehoopwasunbroken,thepeopleflourished.Thefloweringtreewasthelivingcenterofthehoop,andthecircleofthefourquartersnourishedit.Theeastgavepeaceandlight»thesouthgavewarmth,thewestgaverain,andthenorthwithitscoldandmightywindgavestrengthandendurance.Thisknowledgecametousfromtheouterworldwithourreligion.EverylhingthePowerOftheWorlddoesisdoneinacircle.Theskyisround,andIhaveheardthattheearthisroundlikeaball,andsoareallthestars.Thewind,initsgreatestpower,blowswildly.Birdsmaketheirnestsincircle>fbrtheirsisthesamereligionasours.Thesuncomesforthandgoesdownagaininacircle。Themoondoesthesame,andbothareround.Eventheseasonsformagreatcircleintheirchanging,andalwayscomebakeagaintowheretheywere.Thelifeofamanisacirclefromchildhoodtochildhood,andsoitisineverythingwherepowermoves.Ourtepees(圆顶帐篷)werelikethenestsofbirds,andthesewerealwayssetinacircle,thenation'shoop,anestofmanynests,wheretheGreatSpiritmeantforustohatch(生养)ourchildren.ButtheWasichus(Indianwordfbr"whitepeople")haveputusinthesesquareboxes.Ourpowerisgoneandwearedying,fbrthepowerisnotinusanymore.Youcanlookatourboysandseehowitiswithus.Wherewewerelivingbythepowerofthecircleinthewayweshould,boysweremenattwelveorthirteenyearsofage.Butnowittakesthemmuchlongertomature.Whichof(hefollowingsisTRUEabout(heIndianpeople'slivingconditionTheydon'thavemodemfacilitiesintheirhomes.Theyrefusedtomovefromtheirroundtepees.Theylivedinroundtepees,butwereforcedtoliveinSquarehouses.Theylivedinroundtepees.Butthendecidedtomoveintosquarehouses.Thetwothingscomparedinthepassageare .theIndian'spastandpresentlivingconditionsmanandnaturetheIndian'straditionalandmodembeliefs(heIndian'sOldandnewlivingstylesInparagraph2,the"fourquarters"refersto .(hefourcornersoftheIndians'housesfourdirectionsthefourseasonsthefburkindsofnaturalpowerAccordingtomespeaker,oncetheIndiansmovedintosquarehouses, .everyonefellillanddiedtheyforgottheoldwayoflifetheyhadtomovetootherhousesboystooklongertogrowintomenThespeakerfeelsthat .circlesandsquaresbothhavestrongmagicit'sgoodforchildrentospendmoreyearslearninghowtogrowupcirclesgivemuchpower,butsquaresmakeIndiansweakit'stimetogiveuptheoldwaysoflifePARTTWO(50POINTS)WordSpelling(10points,!pointfortwoitems)将以下汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均己给出。请将完整的单词写在答题卡上。WordForm(10points,1pointforeachitem)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题卡上。InfactJohnwouldratherleaveforLosAngelesthan_(stay)inNewJersey.Whatalovelyparty!It'sworth (remember)allmylife.Heisdishonest,thereobviously(bc)nopointinkeepingupthefriendshipwithh