衡水2023届高三联考英语试卷含答案

2023届新高三摸底联考

英语试题本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：.答题前，先将自己的姓名、考号等填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。.选择题的作答:选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题k上的非答题区域均无效，.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，AWhentoHarvestYourFruitsandVegetablesFrompeasandbeanstocabbagesandcauliflowertosoftfruits,heretshowtotellwhentheharvestisready!Hereiseverythingyouneedtoknowwhentheharvestisreadyandhere'showtotellwhenit'stheperfecttimetoharvestyourcrops!RootCrops,Beetsandturnips：Readywhengolf-ball-sizedtotennis-ball-sized.,Carrots：Readyassoonastheytrebigenoughforyourneeds.Leavemain-cropvarietiesinthegrounduntilyou,rereadytouse（hern,includingoverwinterinmilderareas.SoftFruitsBlackcurrants：Readyaweekafterturningblack.Blueberries：Readytwoorthreedaysafterturningblue.PeasandBeansPeasandfavabeans：Readywhenthepeasfeelwell-developedintheirpods.Shellsneedafewtodouble-check.Polebeansandbushbeans：Readywhenlongandsmooth,butbeforebeansstarttobulge（膨胀）inside.PotatoesEarlypotatoes：Ready10Io12weeksafterplanting,whentheplantscomeintoflower.Main-croppotatoesforstoring：Ready20weeksafterplanting,oncealltheleaveshavediedhack.Withouttimelyharvest,theywouldbereaped（收获）nothing.FruitingVegetablesCucumbers：Readywhenthereisnopronouncedpointatthetipandtheygrowappropriate,whichdependsonwhatyouneed.Canbepickedsmallforsnackingcucumbers,orlargerforslicing（切片）.Zucchini：Readywhentheyreachalx>ut4inches（10centimeters）long.Summersquash：Readyassoonastheyreachadesirablelength.OurpopularVegetableCardenPlannercanhelpyoumapoutyourgardendesign,spacecrops,knowwhentoplantcropsinyourexactlocalicn,andmuchmore.Needcrop-specificgrowinginformation?GlanceatourCropsataGlanceGuideforadviceonplantingandcaringfordozensofgardencrops.WhichofthefollowingcanaffecttheharvesttimeforRootCropsandFruitingVegetables?A.Plantingareas.B.Personalneeds.C.Weathersituations.D.Fruitsizes.WhatwouldbringaboutlessSoftFruitsandPotatoesharvests?Ignoranceofharvesttime.I^ackofrightpreparation.Mistakeofknowingcolors.Irresponsibilityofplanting.WhoistheVegetableGardenPlannerintendedfor?A.Planners. B.Gardeners. C.Scientists. D.Farmers.BLiuYang,China*sfirstfemaleastronaut,reportedly,hastouchedtheheartsofmillionswithalettertohertwochildrenthatwa»madepublicaftershesetoffintospaceforthesecondtimeearlierthismonth."You'remystrongestarmor（盔甲）andsoftestspot.Ididn'tallowyoutoseemeoffatthelaunchsitebecauseIwasafraidthatIwouldburstintotears,**Liuwroteinthelettertoherdaughtert8,andson,6,justdaysbeforebeinglaunchedintospaceforthesecondtimeonJune5ontheShenzhouXIVmission.Liu,43,becameChinasfirstfemaleastronautin2012,whenshespent13daysinspaceduringtheShenzhouIXmission.DuringtheShenzhouXIVmission,shewillstayattheTiangongspacestation（orsixmonths,workingwithtwomalecolleaguestocompletetheconstructionofthestation.ManypeoplesaidthatLiu'swordsallowedthemtoseethatanationalhemisalsoanordinarymother,andtheywishedforhersaferetum.“Liufullyexpressedherloveforherchildrenintheletter.Itbroughttearstomyeyes,“commentedonenetizrnonSinaWeibo,China*sTwitter-likemicro-bloggingplatform.“Ifeelmoreconfidentandrelaxed,MLiutoldthemediaaheadofthelaunchoftheShenzhouXIVmission.“WhenIwasalx）uttoreturntotheorbitaliiKxluleduring（heShenzhouKmission,1sloppedandturnedaroundtosalute（致敬）theexperimentalspacestationmodulethatIstayedin.Atthatmoment,ItoldmyselfthatIwouldcomebacktospaceinthenearfuture.Ididn,texpectthe'nearfuture,tobeadecadelong,“Liusaid.Intheletter,sheencouragedherchildrennottobeafraidoffailurewhilepursuingtheirdreams.Liuaddedthatshefeltsorrythatshecouldnotbethereforhersononhisfirstdayatprimaryschool.**AlthoughIcannotbewithyou,Iwon'tloveyouanyless,°shewroteintheletter.°Mybabies,ifyoumissme,justlookupintothestarrysky.Everytimeyouseethestarstwinkle,ittsbecauseI'msaying41loveyou,.”WhatisthecommonreasonforLiu'sandnetizen,stears?Liu,saffectionforherchildren.Liutsindifferentexpressions.Liu'sseparationfromherfamily.Liu,srefusaltomeetwithherkids.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiutakingovertheShenzhouXiVmission?Considerateandexcited.Talkativeandexpectant.Readyandhonest.Confidentandequipped.WhatisLiu*spurposeofwritingthisletter?Toencouragekidstotry.Tosaygoodbyetoherchiklren.Tocatchpublicattention.Topraisethespiritofspace.Fromwhichisthetextprubablytaken?Asciencemagazine.Awomanaulobiography.AChinesetexthook.Anewscoverage.CEarthquakeshaverockedtheplanetformanyyears.Studyingthequakesofthepastcouldhelpscientistsbetterunderstandmodemearthquakes,buttoolstodosuchworkareexiguous.Enterzircons.Researchersusedthisspecialmeanstohomeinonthetemperatureswithinafault(地壳断层)duringearthquakesmillionsofyearsago.Themethodoffersinsightsintothestrengthoflong-agoquakes,andcanimprovetheunderstandingofhowtoday'searthquakesreleaseenergy,theresearchersreportedintheAprilGeochemislry,Geophysics,Geosysteins.“Themoreweunderstandahoutthepast,themorewecanunderstandwhatmighthappeninthefuture,MsaidEmmaArmstrong,aprofessorspecializinginearthquakesatUtahStaleUniversityinLogan.ArmstrongandhiscolleaguesfocusedonCalifornia'sPunchbowlFault.Thatnow-quietportionofthelargerSanAndreasFaultwasprobablyactivebetween1millionto10millionyearsago,Armstrongsaid.Heatfromfriction(摩擦)isgeneratedinafaultwhenitslipsandtouchesoffanearthquake.PreviousanalysesofpreservedorganicmaterialsuggestedthattemperatureswithinthePunchbowlFaultpeakedbetween465^and1065cC.Theresearcherssuspectedthatzirconsinrocksfromthefiiuhcouldnarrowthatbroadwindow.Zirconsoftencontaintheradioactivechemicalelementsuranium(U)andthorium(77i),whichdecay(衰变)tohelium(He)atapredictablerate.Thathelium(He)thenbuildsupinthecrystals.Butwhenazirconisheatedpastatemperaturecriticalityvalue—thesizeofwhichdependsonthezircon'scomposition-theaccumulatedhelium(He)escapes.Measuringtheamountsofthethreeelementsinzirconsfromthefaultsuggests(hatthemostintenseearthquakegeneratedtemperatureslowerthan800工.Thatroughlyhalvestherangepreviouslyreported.Thefindingprovidesusefulcluestotheamountofheatreleasedbyquakes,somethingdifficulttomeasureformodemearthquakesbecausetheyoftenoccuratgreatdepths.Armstrongplanstocontinuestudyingzircons,inthehopeoffindingmorewaystotakeadvantageofthemfordetailsaboutancientquakes.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exiguous"inParagraph1mean?A.Scarce. B.Diflicuh.C.Pricey. D.Extraordinary.

Whataretheresearchers,assumptionsalxiutthezirconsinrocks?Tlieycanleadtovariousearthquakes.Theydeterminehowmuchoftheirenergy.Theycanreducethefaulttem|)eraturerange.Theywoulddecayoverlongperiods.WhatmightEmmaArmstrongstudynext?Impactofchangingearthquakesonzircons.Originanddevelopmentofenterzircons.Differencebetweenmodernandancientquakes.Morewaystousezirconsforancientquakestudy.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttideforthetext?EarthquakesBringaboutGlobalWarmingAncientZirconsHelptoUnearthEarthquakesAnInnovativeMeansMakesaHitinStudyingZirconsChangedOurViewsofEarthquakesI)Covid-19vaccines(疫苗)begansavinglivesinclinicaltrials.Butanewstudy,basedinpartonTheEconomist*sestimateofthepandemic*struedeathtoll(伤亡人数),attemptstomodeljusthowmanyliveshavebeensparedsincevaccinesbecamewidelyavailabletothepublic.Thestudy——publishedonJune23rdinhincetInfectiousDiseases——foundthatinthefirstyearofvaccinesthatwereinventedandintnxlucedtothepublic,jabs(注射疫Q)savedthelivesofpeoplefjelween19.Imillionand20.4million.Withoutvaccines,thestudyestimates,nnighlythreetimesasmanypeoplewouldhavediedfromCovid-19in2021alone.And6.8million-7.7millonofthepreventeddealhswereincountriescoveredbyCOVAX(Covid-19VaccinesGlobalAccess),aninitiativecreatedtoensurevaccinesweresenttopoorercountries.Still,alackofvaccinesinsomepartsoftheworldstillledtoavoidabledeaths.Amund100countriesfailedtoreachtheWorldHealthOrganizationTs(WHO)goalofvaccinating40%oftheirqualiGedpopulationsbytheendof2021.Theresearchersestimatethatthiscostaround600,000lives.Toarriveattheseestimates,theresearchers,OliverJ.Watson,GregoryBarnsleyandtheircolleaguesatImperialCollegeLondon,beganwithanexistingtransmissionmodelusedtotrackthespreadofCovid-19infections.TheythencombinedthismodelwithTheEconomist*sestimateofthepandemic'struedeathtolltoestimatehowdeadlythepandemicwouldhavebeenwithoutvaccines.Asforthestudy,everycoinhastwosides,hreliesonassumptionsabouttheshareofestimatedinfectionsthatledtodeath,forinstance.Somesmallcountries,whichhavelimitedreliabledata,werenotincludedintheanalysis.Thatmeansthetotalnumberofactualavoideddeathswilll)eevenhigher.Ontheotherhand,theresearchersdidnotattempttomodelhowpeopleorgovernmentsmighthavechangedtheirbehaviortolimitinfectionsintheabsenceofvaccines.Forallthat,itisthemostdefinitiveansweryettohowmanypeopleowetheirlivestothejabs.WhyarethevaccinessignificantaccordingtoParagraph2?Theycanslowdownthepainofthepatients.Theycanreducethenumberofdeathtoll.Theycanpromotethedevelopmentofdrugs.TheycanrealizetheWHO*sachievement.

O嫩OO嫩OJROK-Bydevelopingthetransmissionmodel.Bycomparingdatabetweenmodelandstudy.Bycombiningwiththepreviousstmly..Bytrackingthespreadofinfections.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?Thelimitationsofthestudy.Theassumptionsofthestudy.Theresultsofthestudy.Theadvantagesofthestudy.Whal'stheauthor*sopinionaboutthecurrentsituationofvaccines?A.Uncertain.B.Pessimistic. C.Cautious. D.Confident.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项:选项中有两项为多余选项。Thereareover7,()00languagesintheworld,eachofwhichhasitsownfeaturesandadvantages.Anyindividuallanguageisperfectlycapableofenablingcommunication.16ShowFormalityWithAPronounThereareplentyofwaystoshowrespectinEnglish,butwhatEnglishismissingistheformal“you”.ButEnglishhasasingle,widelyacceptedsecond-personpronoun.ThisisalsowhyEnglishdoesn'thaveastandardformforaddressingmorethanoneperson.17.BackinthedaysofOldEnglish,theword"thou"wasthesingularyouand"ye"wasthepluralyou.Bythe13thcentury,thesetwohadshifted,so“thou"wastheinibnnalyouand"ye"wasthefbnnalone.Buioverthepastseveralcenturies,(hepronounsshiftedagain："ye”became"you"andreplacedbothofthem.18Howmanyvowels(兀音)doesEnglishhave?Well,ifyoulookatthealphabet,ithasonlyfive：A,E,I,OandU.SixifyouthrowinY.BuiifyouactuallylistentoEnglishttherearealotmore.EnglishIriesitsbesttoreflectthisinitswritingsystem,butthefactofthematteristhatpeoplelearningEnglishthmughreadingaregoingtostruggletofigureoutwhatvowelssoundlike.Whenyouthrowindifferentdialectsandclusters(群组)like**trough,though,tough,youcanseehowtrickyalanguagethisreallyis.19Youcouldsay,then,thatthere*snothingonihislistEnglish"can't"do.Weprobablywon*twakeuptomorrowandsuddenlyhaveacompletelydiflerentwordorder,buttheEnglishesspoken10,50and100yearsfn)mnowwillalldifferfromtheoneswespeaktoday.20.RepresentAllItsVowelsInWritingExpressTheStandardFormOfRespectOneofthestrangethings,though,isthatEnglishusedtohavebothoftheseHowever,therearetwothingsEnglishcanttdobutotherlanguagescanEnglishneedstokeepmovingtostayaliveandit,sexcitingto(hinkalxiutwhereitcouldgoWhenyouonlyknowEnglish,you'regettingalimitedlookatwhatlanguageasawholecandoThisdiffersalotfromalanguagelikeSpanish,whichforthemostparthasonlyonesoundperletter第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenthedoctorperformedacheckinAnita'ssevenlhmonthofpregnancy,hesaw(hatherun-bomchildhadacleft(唇裂).**He21metogetridofhim,“Anitasaid,tearspouringdownhercheeks.toldhimI22thischild.Ilovehimandwill23himforever.**WhenAnitashowedhernewbabytoherneighbors,theywere24"Yoursonlookslikeamonster(怪兽)"theytoldmeandto“getridofhim”.Inmanyplacesaroundtheworldthereiswidespreadandseveresocialshameassociatedwithcleftconditionsandfamiliesareoftenforcedto25newbomsfromtheirfamilymembersandcommunities.Hearinghersonbeinglaughedatwasnottheworstofit."WhenItriedto26him,themilkcameoutofhisnose.1was27thathecoulddie.Aljay28andlovedschool,butthe29heexperiencedatschoolwashardtobear.They30him,andcalledhimamonster.0WhenthefamilyheardthatOperationSmilewascomingtoCagayandeOro,theybegan31moneytoaffordtransporttogettothecity.AtthemedicalmissionAnita32receivedthenewsshewaswaitingfor：Aljaywashealthyenoughtoreceivesurgery.Afterjustover45minutes,hislipwas33andhislifewas34TodayAljayisa35boywholovesgoingtoschoolandplayingwithotherchildrenhappily.21.A.orderedB.allowedC.forcedD.told22.A.admireB.missC.waul1).adopt23.A.desertB.protectC.hateD.praise24.A.confusedB.(lisappoiritedC.scaredD.curious25.A.punishB.hideC.abandonD.kill26.A.feedB.treatC.dressD.bathe27.A.upsetB.certainC.worriedD.relieved28.A.disappearedB.escapedC.recoveredD.survived29.A.accidentB.processC.suffering1).pleasure30.A.laughedatB.playeilwithC.ranafterD.caredfor31.A.donatingB.savingC.spendingD.wasting32.A.officiallyB.graduallyC.actuallyD.finally33.A.repairedB.cutC.pursedD.bitten34.A.builtB.transfbmietlC.enjoyedD.ruined35.A.silentB.naughtyC.powerfulD.cheerful第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MHongKong*s36 (big)achievementinthepast25yearsliesinkeeping37 (maintain)itsseparatelegal,judicial(司法的),economictfinancial38 (system)andlifestyle,saidReginaIpLauSuk-yee,thememberoftheExecutiveCouncilandLegislativeCounciloftheHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegioninanexclusiveinterviewwithChinaDaily.Ipsaid, 39HongKongwasin(rouble,ourmotherlandhasalwayscometoourrescue.Ithinkwehavetocontinuetellingthetruth,tellingtherealstoryaboutHongKongandourmotherland.MSpeaking4()HongKong,sfuturedevelopment,IpsaidafterHongKong,sindustriesmigratedtonorthoftheboundary,jobopportuniliesforyoungpeoplehavenarrowed41 (considerable).Butthankstothenation'sfive-yearplans,IpsaidHongKonglooksforwardto42（rebuild）asaninternationalresearchanddevelopment,technologyandmanufacturingcenterinthenextfewyears.Ipsaidshethinksthenewchiefexecutiveisin43goodpositiontorestructuretheeconomy,leadthegovernmenttorebuildharmonyandtakethecityforward."I'msurehe44（focus）onspeedingupresolvingourlandandhousing45 （short）through（lieNortheniMetropolisdevelopment,**Ipsaid.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）你校英语报开辟了一个专栏：After-schoolActivitieso请你以“BestSpendOurLeisureTime”为题,用英文写篇短文投稿，内容包括：.利用好课余时间的重要性；.提出建议。注意：.写作词数应为80左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。BestSpendOurLeisureTime第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，:Itwasabrightspringafternoonalongthecoast,andJonathanBaurr,51andhis13-year-olddaughter,Ava,weretakingfulladvantageofit.Theyweredrivingwiththewindowsdownastheyheadedhomeonthe1.4-mile,two-laneRoute90bridge,whichcrossestheshallowwatersofthebay.Suddenly,thecalinwasdisturbedhytheloudnoiseoftires.Notfaraheadofthem,ablackpickuptruckwasskidding（打滑）fromonelanetotheother.ToBauer,shorror,itcrashedintoaconcretebarrier,spunlikeatop,flippedovertheSUVdirectlyaheadofthem,andcametoresthangingovertherailingofthebridge.Bauerhitthebrakesintimetoavoidthevehiclesinhispath,butaBMWcarthathadhitintotheguanlrailontheright,cameslidingbackwardtowardshim.Hetumetileft,buttoolate—theBMWstruckhiscar'sfender(保险杠)beforecrashingintothevehiclel)ehin(lhim.Bauerstoppedthecar."Ava,areyouOK?”heasked.Shewasshaken,butotherwiseunhurt.HerantotheBMW.**AreyouOK?”heaskedthedriver.Shenodded,tooshockedtospeak.Andthenashout.Itcamefromthepickup(ruck,whichhadcometorestonitsrightside.Thebackpassengercompartment(车厢隔间)andtruckbedwerehungoutpasttheguardrail,30ormorefeetabovethewatersofthebay.Thedriver'sdoorwasopenandamanclimbedout.Hedroppedtotheground,thenstonningtotherailing.Bauerranupbesidehim.Themanpointeddown.Inthewalerwasacarseal.Nexttoit,agirl,abouttwoyearsold,wasterrified,floatingonherback,andscreaming.Fromaroundthetruck,itsotherpassengerswhohadgottenclearofthecompartmentwerel(x>-kingdownintothewater.Mattersquicklywentfrombadtofrighteningwhenthegirlrolledoverontoherstomach.Bauerwaitedforthepickuptruckdrivertodosomething,buthedidn't.Maybehewasinshock.注意：.续写词数应为150左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。°Ava!0Baueryelled,tryingtoremovehisshoes."Staybythecar!”Whenthelittlegirlwaslessthan10feetaway,Bauerswamtoherquickly.2023届新高三摸底联考英语参考答案及解析第一部分阅读第一节【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何判断收获农作物的最佳时机0.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“RootCrops”部分中“Readywhengolf-ball-sizedtotennis-ball-sizedMN“Readyassoonasthey,rebigenoughforyourneeds*,以及“FruitingVegetables”部分中"Readywhen...theygrowappropriate,whichdependsonwhatyouneed”、MReadywhentheyreachabout4inches(10centimeters)long"、"Readyassoonastheyreachadesirablelength”可知，果实的大小会影响RootCrops和FruitingVegetables种类农作物的收获时间。故选Do.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“SoftFruits”部分中“Readyaweekafterturningblack"、"Beadytwoorthreedaysaftertumingblue”以及"Potatoes”部分中"Ready10to12weeksafterplanting…"、"Ready20weeksafterplanting…”可知,SoflFruits和Potatoes类农作物对收获时间的要求很高c换而言之,对收获时间的不了解会造成这两类农作物的减产。故选A。.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“OurpopularVegetableGardenPlannercanhelpyoumapoutyourgardendesign,spacecrops,knowwhentoplantcropsinyourexactlocation,andmuchmore”可知，本文旨在帮助有求于规划花园设计、种植空间和种植位置的人，即园之爱好者。故选B。【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国第一位女性宇航员刘洋，在第二次升空后给孩子留的信感动了数百万人的故事。.A【解析】细节理解题.根据第二段"You'remystrongestarmorandsoftestspot.Ididn'tallowyoutoseemeoffatthelaunchsitebecauseIwasafraidthatIwouldburstintotears”以及第五段“Liufullyexpressedherloveforherchildrenintheletter.Itbroughttearstomyeyes”可知，使刘洋和网友流泪的主要原因是刘洋对她孩子的深深的爱。故选Ao.D【解析】推理判断题"根据第六段“Ifeelmoreconfidentandrelaxed”可知，刘洋对这次任务是自信的;再根据第七段“1stoppedandturnedaroundtosalutetheexperimenlalspacestationmodulethat1stayedin.Atthatmoment»ItoldmyselfthatIwouldcomebacktospaceinthenearfuture.Ididn'texpectthe'nearfuture*tobeadecadelong”可知，刘洋对这次任务是有万全准备的°故选D。.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Liuaddedthatshefellsorrythatshecouldnotbethereforhersononhisfirstdayatprimaryschool''以及"AlthoughIcannotl)ewithyou,Iwon*Iloveyouanyless”可知，刘洋对离开她的孩子的不舍之情和对她孩子的爱，因此，刘洋写这封信的目的是向她的孩子们告别。故选Bo.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段可知，文章最有可能出自新闻报道。故选风【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员利用错石这种特殊的工具来研究古代地震，从而揭示关于现代地震的新见解.A［解析】词义猜测题。根据"Studyingthequakesofthepastcouldhelpscientistsbetterunderstandmodemearthquakes”以及这两个句子中间含有“but”可知，前后两句表转折关系因此“exiguous”意为“缺乏的罕见的"。故选A。.C【解析】推理判断题口根据第四段“Theresearcherssuspectedthatzirconsinrocksfromthefaultcouldnarrowthatbroadwindow**以及上句内容可知,研究人员猜想，断层处岩石中的钻石可能会缩小上句提到的温度范围。故选10.D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Armstrongplanstocontinuestudyingzircons,inthehopeoffindingmorewaystotakeadvantageofthemfordetailsaboutancientquakes'*可知，EmmaArmstrong计划继续研究卷石，希望能利用它们找到更多的方法来了解古代地震的细节。故选D11.B【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了研究过去的地震可以帮助研究人员更好地理解现代地震，研究人员利用特殊的工具一钻石，了解数百万年前地壳断层达到的温度，从而对现代地震有新的了解由此可知，“AncientZirconsHelptoUnearthEartli-quakes”最符合题意。故选B【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过研究人员利用模型和真实数据的对比，揭示了疫苗对世界疫情爆发的重要意义。B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“jabssavedthelivesofpeoplebetween19.1millionand20.4million.Withoutvaccines,thestudyestimates,roughlythreetimesasmanypeoplewouldhavediedfromCovid-19in2021alone”可知，注射疫苗挽救了1910万到2040万人的生命，并且如果没有疫苗，仅在2021年，死于Covid-19的人数就大约是前者的三倍。因此，疫苗的重要意义在于它可以减少伤亡人数。故选BB【解析】细节理解题二.根据第三段“TheythencombinedthismodelwithTheEconomist'sestimateofthepandemic'struedeathtolltoestimatehowdeadlythepandemicwouldhavebeenwithoutvaccines"可知，在伦敦帝国学院的研究人员将传播模型与《经济学人》对疫情真实死亡人数的估计相结合，以估计如果没有疫苗，疫情的死亡人数=因此,研究人员通过比较模型和研究的数据得出估计值。故选BoA【解析】推理判断题。第四段主要交代了这项研究依赖于对导致死亡的估计感染份额的假设。有些小国可靠数据有限,不包括在分析之内。这意味着研究人员估计实际避免的死亡总人数将会更高由此可推知，本段主要是关于这个实验的局限性。故选A。D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Iheresearchersdidnotattempttomodelhowpeopleorgovernmentsmighthavechangedtheirbehaviortolimitinfectionsintheabsenceofvaccines''以及"itisthemostdefinitiveansweryettohowmanypeopleowetheirlivestothejabs”可知，作者对疫苗的现状是十分有信心的。故现英语有了一个完全不同的词序，但无论发生什么现英语有了一个完全不同的词序，但无论发生什么,参考答案及解析选D第二节【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在当今多语言影响的时代下，英语随着时代变化的过程中无法实现但是其他语言可以实现的两件事D【解析】本空属于段尾句。本空前面谈到:任何语言都具有可以很好交流的功能。本空后面谈到有两件事情英语做不到。因此，本空需要填一个承上启下的句子。故选DC【解析】本空属于段首句。本空上一段谈到：英语中有很多表达尊重的方式，但缺少正式的“you"的表达，只有一个被广泛接受的第二人称代词。并且本空后面谈到:在古英语时代，“thou”是“you"的单数,“ye”是“you”的复数。到了13世纪，这两个人称已经改变了，“thou”变成了非正式的-you",而“ye”变成了正式的“you”。但在过去的几个世纪里，这两个代词又改变了：“ye”变成了“you”，取代了“Ihou和“ye”。由此可知,这里在谈英语在过去的时代，曾经拥有过表达尊重的正式的第二人称表达，但是在时代的变更中最后都被“you”取代了。故选C。A【解析】本空属于标题句。本空为小标题，为下面段落的题眼。本空所对应的段落谈到:在英语中，字母表上只有A.E.I.O和U五个元音。但是从英语发音中却可以发现很多元音。英语尽力在其写作系统中反映这一点，但事实上,人们通过阅读学习英语的时候，很难弄清楚元音的发音.由此可知，本空在谈:用书面形式表示英语中的元音。故选A。G【解析】本空属于段尾句。本空前面谈到：英语中的元音在书面表达和发音中的不同。则本空应该举例不同的语言和英语的比较.由此可知，本空在谈:这与西班牙语这样的语言有很大的不同，西班牙语在大多数情况下每个字母只有一种发音。故选G。E【解析】本空属于段尾句。本空所在段落为结尾总结段。本空前面谈到：这个列表I：没有任何英语“不能做”的。我们不可能明天一觉醒来突然就发10年、50年和100年后所说的英语都将与我们今天所说的不同由此可知，本空在谈:英语需要继续前进才能保留下来，想想它的变化是令人激动的。故选E。第二部分语言运用第一节【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位母亲保护自己的孩子的故事。D【解析】句意：当医生给怀孕七个月的安妮塔做检查时，他发现她未出生的孩子患有唇裂“他告诉我放弃这个孩子，”安妮塔说，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。故选D,C【解析】根据下文安妮塔坚持生下这个孩子可知答案。故选C。B【解析】句意：我爱他，并将永远保护他。故选B。C［解析】根据下文“Yoursonlookslikeamonster"可知，当邻居看到这个婴儿的时候，他们都吓坏了故选C。B【解析】根据句意可知，家人经常被迫藏起他们的新生儿，不让他们的家庭成员和社区的人看见n故选B。A【解析】根据下文“themilkcameoutofhisnose"可知，此空描述的是给孩子喂奶的情景故选AC【解析】句意:我担心他会死。由于孩子吃不了牛奶，时间长了会影响生长，做母亲的肯定会很担忧。故选C。D【解析】句意:阿尔杰活了下来，热爱1：学，但他在学校经历的痛苦让人难以忍受。故选D。C【解析】根据下文“washanltobear”可知答案。故选C。A【解析】根据本段“laughedat”以及“monster”可知答案。故选A。B【解析】句意：当这家